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Generated an Epistemological Knowledge of the Nation—Quantifying And
H-Nationalism The “Majority Question” in Interwar Romania: Making Majorities from Minorities in a Heterogeneous State Discussion published by Emmanuel Dalle Mulle on Wednesday, April 22, 2020 H-Nationalism is proud to publish here the sixth post of its “Minorities in Contemporary and Historical Perspectives” series, which looks at majority- minority relations from a multi-disciplinary and diachronic angle. Today’s contribution, by R. Chris Davis (Lone Star College–Kingwood), examines the efforts of Romanian nation-builders to make Romanians during the interwar period. Heterogeneity in Interwar Romania While the situation of ethnic minorities in Romania has been examined extensively within the scholarship on the interwar period, far too little consideration is given into the making of the Romanian ethnic majority itself. My reframing of the “minority question” into its corollary, the “majority question,” in this blogpost draws on my recently published book examining the contested identity of the Moldavian Csangos, an ethnically fluid community of Romanian- and Hungarian-speaking Roman Catholics in eastern Romania.[1] While investigating this case study of a putative ethnic, linguistic, and religious minority, I was constantly reminded that not only minorities but also majorities are socially constructed, crafted from regional, religious, and linguistic bodies and identities. Transylvanians, Bessarabians, and Bănățeni (people from the Banat region) and Regațeni (inhabitants of Romania’s Old Kingdom), for example, were rendered into something -
©Copyright 2017 Yu Sasaki Precocious Enough to Rationalize Culture? Explaining the Success and Failure of Nation-Building in Europe, 1400–2000
©Copyright 2017 Yu Sasaki Precocious Enough to Rationalize Culture? Explaining the Success and Failure of Nation-building in Europe, 1400–2000 Yu Sasaki A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Washington 2017 Reading Committee: Anthony Gill, Chair Edgar Kiser Victor Menaldo Steven Pfaff Program Authorized to Offer Degree: Department of Political Science University of Washington Abstract Precocious Enough to Rationalize Culture? Explaining the Success and Failure of Nation-building in Europe, 1400–2000 Yu Sasaki Chair of the Supervisory Committee: Professor Anthony Gill Political Science Why do some ethnic groups consolidate their cultural practices earlier than others? Extant schol- arship in ethnicity, nations, and state-building hypothesizes that the state is the most important determinant. In my dissertation, I argue that it is not the only channel and there are other fac- tors that matter. In three standalone essays, I investigate the role of (1) geography, (2) technology, and (3) public goods provision at the ethnic-group level. I provide a simple conceptual frame- work of how each of these determinants affects cultural consolidation for ethnic groups. I argue that geographical conditions and technology adoption can have a positive impact on ethnic groups’ ability to develop unique cultural attributes without an independent state. Although they may be politically incorporated by stronger groups in the modern period, they still demand self-rule or standardize their vernacular. I also argue that, in contrast with the expectation from the political economy research on ethnicity, cultural consolidation does not always yield public goods provision at the ethnic-group level. -
Annuaire Suisse De Politique De Développement, 12
Annuaire suisse de politique de développement 12 | 1993 Annuaire Suisse - Tiers Monde 1993 Édition électronique URL : http://journals.openedition.org/aspd/1403 DOI : 10.4000/aspd.1403 ISSN : 1663-9669 Éditeur Institut de hautes études internationales et du développement Édition imprimée Date de publication : 1 février 1993 ISSN : 1660-5934 Référence électronique Annuaire suisse de politique de développement, 12 | 1993, « Annuaire Suisse - Tiers Monde 1993 » [En ligne], mis en ligne le 30 avril 2013, consulté le 25 janvier 2021. URL : http://journals.openedition.org/ aspd/1403 ; DOI : https://doi.org/10.4000/aspd.1403 Ce document a été généré automatiquement le 25 janvier 2021. © The Graduate Institute | Geneva 1 SOMMAIRE Introduction Jacques Forster Revue I. Négociations internationales II. Politique intérieure et extérieure III. Culture et Science IV. Politique économique extérieure V. Coopération au développement VI. Aide aux pays de l’Est VII. Chronologie Suisse et internationale Analyses et positions Les conséquences d’une libéralisation du secteur agricole pour les pays en développement et la Suisse Heidi Bravo-Baumann La Suisse et les pratiques commerciales restrictives Philippe Brusick Le développement durable : l’utopie nécessaire Ernst A. Brugger Partenaires dans la recherche avec les pays en développement Thierry A. Freyvogel Les investissements directs de la Suisse à l’étranger Catherine Marrel Le mécanisme suisse de désendettement – un bilan intermédiaire Rolf Kappel Bibliographie Bibliographie René Barbey et Viviane Maislisch Annuaire suisse de politique de développement, 12 | 1993 2 Statistiques 1. Commerce 2. Flux financiers 3. Aide publique au développement 4. Appendice Annuaire suisse de politique de développement, 12 | 1993 3 Introduction Jacques Forster 1 Vers la fin de la deuxième guerre mondiale, les Alliés mirent en place des institutions telles que l’ONU, le GATT, le FMI et la Banque mondiale pour tenter de prévenir le retour de grandes crises économiques et des nationalismes belliqueux. -
Chronicle of Cruelties
CHRONICLE OF CRUELTIES ROMANIAN MISTREATMENT OF THE HUNGARIAN MINORITY IN TRANSYLVANIA by Dr. Arpad Kosztin Translated from the Hungarian by Eva Barcza Bessenyey UNEDITED PREPUBLISHING VERSION FOR HOMEPAGE ONLY ORIGINAL TITLE: MAGYARELLENES ROMÁN KEGYETLENKEDÉSEK ERDÉLYBEN ISBN 963 8363 72 X A Publication of the BIRO FAMILY BUDAPEST PLEASE NOTE: THE PAGE NUMBERS WILL BE DIFFERENT IN THE FORTHCOMMING BOOK 2 CONTENTS Contents 3 Ferenc Bartis: About the author 4 Preface 6 I. Introduction 10 II Romanian Atrocities before Horea-Closca 18 III The peasant revolt of Horea-Closca-Crisan 24 IV The freedom fight of 1848-49 32 V Romanian atrocities before and after WW I 43 VI Romanian atrocities during and after WW II-1956 74 VII During and after the 1956 Revolution 109 VIII Countermeasures after 1956 118 IX Romanian atrocities after 1989 133 Epilogue 147 Bibliography 149 Notes 167 3 The accuser shows mercy As strange as it may seem, the author of this indispensable and inevitable book, dr. Arpad Kosztin, does show mercy: he does not accuse, does not point a finger but gives us a work of factual history. And this is important for this painful objectivity gives the measure of the work's credibility. Our author does not have to be introduced to our readers for everyone knows his book on the debunking of the Daco-Roman theory (entitled the Daco-Roman Legend, it was published in English in 1997 by Matthias Corvinus Publishing, in the USA and Canada); on Romania's expansion into Transylvania; as well as his numerours lively and outspoken but profound essays and articles in the daily press. -
India-Switzerland Relations
India-Switzerland Relations Political Relations India and Switzerland have had cordial and friendly relations since India’s independence. The relationship is based on shared values of democracy, multiculturalism and the rule of law. Independent India’s policy of non-alignment and Switzerland’s traditional policy of neutrality helped to develop a close understanding between the leaders of the two countries. A Treaty of Friendship between India and Switzerland was signed at New Delhi on August 14, 1948, one of the first such treaties to be signed by the independent India. The Treaty provided for the establishment of diplomatic missions between the two countries and missions were opened in Berne and Delhi soon after its conclusion. Switzerland established its Consulates General in Mumbai and Bangalore. India has a Consulate General in Geneva. During the course of 2008, India and Switzerland celebrated the 60th anniversary of the signing of the Friendship Treaty, an important milestone in the annals of Indo-Swiss bilateral relations. In recognition of the growth of multi-faceted bilateral relationship over six decades and to outline the future areas of mutual interest and cooperation, India and Switzerland have decided to elevate the bilateral relationship to a new and higher level by agreeing to establish a Privileged Partnership between them. High level visits Exchange of high level visits in the recent past has provided an impetus to strengthen bilateral cooperation. The visit of the then Swiss President, Mr. Flavio Cotti in 1998 was the first ever visit of a Swiss President to India. Later, President of the Swiss Confederation, Mr. -
Article 3 of the Framework Convention
Strasbourg, 2 February 2016 Public Working document SECRETARIAT OF THE FRAMEWORK CONVENTION FOR THE PROTECTION OF NATIONAL MINORITIES COMPILATION OF OPINIONS OF THE ADVISORY COMMITTEE RELATING TO ARTICLE 3 OF THE FRAMEWORK CONVENTION SECOND CYCLE “Article 3 1. Every person belonging to a national minority shall have the right freely to choose to be treated or not to be treated as such and no disadvantage shall result from this choice or from the exercise of the rights which are connected to that choice. 2. Persons belonging to national minorities may exercise the rights and enjoy the freedoms flowing from the principles enshrined in the present framework Convention individually as well as in community with others.” This document was produced for the work of the Advisory Committee. For publication purposes, please refer to the original versions of the opinions of the Advisory Committee on the Framework Convention. ACFC II - Article 3 – February 2016 Table of Contents 1. Albania Opinion adopted on 29 May 2008........................................................................4 2. Armenia Opinion adopted on 12 May 2006.......................................................................7 3. Austria Opinion adopted on 8 June 2007 ........................................................................10 4. Azerbaijan Opinion adopted on 9 November 2007 ..........................................................12 5. Bosnia and Herzegovina Opinion adopted on 9 October 2008.........................................13 6. Bulgaria Opinion adopted -
Inhaltsverzeichnis
Inhaltsverzeichnis 7 Vorwort und Dank Hinweise zur Benützung des Lexikons 17 Der schweizerische Bundesrat auf dem langen Weg zur Konkordanzdemokratie Einführung von Urs Altermatt Porträts der Bundesrätinnen und Bundesräte 30 1848-1874 Jonas Furrer 31 - Ulrich Ochsenbein 38 - Henri Druey 44 - Josef Munzinger 51 - Stefano Franscini 57 - Friedrich Frey-Herose 63 - Wilhelm Matthias Näff 69 - Jakob Stämpfli 74 - Constant Fornerod 81 - Josef Martin Knüsel 88 - Giovanni Battista Pioda 93 - Jakob Dubs 99 - Carl Schenk 105 - Jean-Jacques Challet-Venel 112 - Emil Welti 118 - Victor Ruffy 125 - Paul Ceresoie 130 - Johann Jakob Scherer 136 - Eugene Borei 142 147 1875-1918 Joachim Heer 147 - Friedrich Anderwert 152 - Bernhard Hammer 157 - Numa Droz 163 - Simeon Bavier 169 - Wilhelm Friedrich Hertenstein 173 - Louis Ruchonnet 177 - Adolf Deucher 183 - Walter Hauser 189 - Emil Frey 193 - Josef Zemp 200 - Adrien Lachenal 206 - Eugene Ruffy 211 - Eduard Müller 216 - Ernst Brenner 222 - Robert Comtesse 227 - Marc Ruchet 233 - Ludwig Forrer 240 - Josef Anton Schobinger 246 - Arthur Hoffmann 250 - Giuseppe Motta 257 - Louis Perrier 264 - Camille Decoppet 269 - Edmund Schulthess 275 - Felix Calonder 282 - Gustave Ador 289 - Robert Haab 296 301 1919-1958 Karl Scheurer 301 - Ernest Chuard 306 - Jean-Marie Musy 312 - Heinrich Häberlin 319 - Marcel Pilet-Golaz 325 - Rudolf Minger 331 - Albert Meyer 338 - Johannes Baumann 344 - Philipp Etter 349 - Hermann Obrecht 356 - Ernst Wetter 361 - Enrico Celio 366 - Walther Stampfli 371 - Edmund von Steiger 377 - Karl Kobelt 383 - Ernst Nobs 389 - Max Petitpierre 393 - Rodolphe Rubattel 400 - Josef Escher 407 - Markus Feldmann 412 - Max Weber 417 - Hans Streuli 423 - Thomas Holenstein 429 - Paul Chaudet 434 - Giuseppe Lepori 440 - Friedrich T. -
ACLS Annual Report 2005-2007 Excerpt
excerpted from American Council of Learned Societies Annual Report for the years 2006-2007 and 2006-2005. 2007 FELLOWS AND GRANTEES O F T he American COUncil of Learned Societies Funded by the ACLS ACLS FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM Fellowship Endowment LILA ABU-LUGHOD, Professor, Anthropology and Women’s Studies, Columbia University Do Muslim Women Have Rights? An Anthropologist’s View of the Debates about Muslim Women’s Human Rights in the Context of the “Clash of Civilizations” ENRIQUE DesMOND ARIAS, Assistant Professor, Political Science, City University of New York, John Jay College Democracy and the Privatization of Violence in Rio de Janeiro: An Ethnographic Study of Politics and Conflict in the Three Neighborhoods JANINE G. BARCHAS, Associate Professor, English Literature, University of Texas, Austin Heroes and Villains of Grubstreet: Edmund Curll, Samuel Richardson, and the Eighteenth-Century Book Trade GIOVANNA BeNADUSI, Associate Professor, European History, University of South Florida Visions of the Social Order: Women’s Last Wills, Notaries, and the State in Baroque Tuscany AVIVA BeN-UR, Associate Professor, Jewish History, University of Massachusetts, Amherst Professor Ben-Ur has been designated an ACLS/SSRC/NEH International and Area Studies Fellow.* Jewish Identity in a Slave Society: Suriname, 1660–1863 ReNAte BlUMENfelD-KOSINskI, Professor, French Literature, University of Pittsburgh The Dream World of Philippe de Mézières (1327–1405): Politics and Spirituality in the Late Middle Ages CLIffORD BOB, Associate Professor, Political Science, Duquesne University Globalizing the Right Wing: Conservative Activism and World Politics SUSAN LeslIE BOYNTON, Associate Professor, Historical Musicology, Columbia University Silent Music: Medieval Ritual and the Construction of History in Eighteenth-Century Spain WIllIAM C. -
COUNTRY ASSESSMENT:Romania
ROMANIA COUNTRY ASSESSMENT APRIL 2003 COUNTRY INFORMATION & POLICY UNIT IMMIGRATION & NATIONALITY DIRECTORATE HOME OFFICE, UNITED KINGDOM Romania April 2003 CONTENTS 1. Scope of Document 1.1-1.4 2. Geography 2.1-2.3 3. Economy 3.1-3.2 4. History Communist Regime 4.1-4.2 1989 Uprising 4.3-4.12 Miners' strikes of 1999 4.13-4.18 Presidential and Parliamentary elections of November 2000 4.19-4.23 Developments in 2001 4.24-4.33 The Hungarian Status Law 4.34-4.35 Events in 2002 – Invitation to join NATO 4.36-4.44 5. State Structures The Constitution 5.1 Citizenship and nationality 5.2 Political System 5.3-5.7 The Judiciary 5.8-5.17 Legal Rights / Detention 5.18-5.25 Death Penalty 5.26 Internal Security 5.27-5.36 Intelligence Services 5.36-5.41 Border Security and relations with neighbouring countries 5.42-5.46 Prison and prison conditions 5.47-5.49 Military Service 5.50-5.56 Conscription 5.57-5.58 Conscientious Objection 5.59-5.62 Medical Services 5.63-5.66 HIV/AIDS 5.67 People with disabilities 5.68 Educational System 5.69-5.75 Accession to the European Union and NATO 5.76-5.79 6. Human Rights Issues Overview 6.1-6.8 Torture 6.9 Extrajudicial killings 6.10 Disappearances 6.11 Freedom of Speech and the Media 6.12-6.17 Journalists 6.18 Freedom of Religion 6.19-6.29 Jewish Community 6.32-6.34 Jehovah's Witnesses 6.35-6.37 Freedom of Assembly and Association 6.38-6.43 Employment Rights 6.44-6.48 Trade unions and the right to strike 6.49-6.51 People Trafficking 6.52-6.58 Freedom of Movement 6.59-6.62 Treatment of Asylum Seekers 6.63-6.64 6.B Human Rights – Specific Groups Women 6.65-6.68 Children 6.69-6.77 Orphanages 6.78-6.80 Ethnic Groups 6.81-6.91 Hungarians 6.92-6.95 Roma 6.96-6.113 Csangos (Ceangai) 6.114-6.116 Romania April 2003 Homosexuals 6.117-6.120 6.C Human Rights – Specific Issues Organised Crime/Corruption 6.121-6.125 Treatment of Non Government organisations 6.126-6.127 ANNEX A Chronology of Events ANNEX B Political Organisations ANNEX C Prominent People ANNEX D References to Source Material Romania April 2003 1. -
Angol-Magyar Nyelvészeti Szakszótár
PORKOLÁB - FEKETE ANGOL- MAGYAR NYELVÉSZETI SZAKSZÓTÁR SZERZŐI KIADÁS, PÉCS 2021 Porkoláb Ádám - Fekete Tamás Angol-magyar nyelvészeti szakszótár Szerzői kiadás Pécs, 2021 Összeállították, szerkesztették és tördelték: Porkoláb Ádám Fekete Tamás Borítóterv: Porkoláb Ádám A tördelés LaTeX rendszer szerint, az Overleaf online tördelőrendszerével készült. A felhasznált sablon Vel ([email protected]) munkája. https://www.latextemplates.com/template/dictionary A szótárhoz nyújtott segítő szándékú megjegyzéseket, hibajelentéseket, javaslatokat, illetve felajánlásokat a szótár hagyományos, nyomdai úton történő előállítására vonatkozóan az [email protected] illetve a [email protected] e-mail címekre várjuk. Köszönjük szépen! 1. kiadás Szerzői, elektronikus kiadás ISBN 978-615-01-1075-2 El˝oszóaz els˝okiadáshoz Üdvözöljük az Olvasót! Magyar nyelven már az érdekl˝od˝oközönség hozzáférhet német–magyar, orosz–magyar nyelvészeti szakszótárakhoz, ám a modern id˝ok tudományos világnyelvéhez, az angolhoz még nem készült nyelvészeti célú szak- szótár. Ennek a több évtizedes hiánynak a leküzdésére vállalkoztunk. A nyelvtudo- mány rohamos fejl˝odéseés differenciálódása tovább sürgette, hogy elkészítsük az els˝omagyar-angol és angol-magyar nyelvészeti szakszótárakat. Jelen kötetben a kétnyelv˝unyelvészeti szakszótárunk angol-magyar részét veheti kezébe az Olvasó. Tervünk azonban nem el˝odöknélküli vállalkozás: tudomásunk szerint két nyelvészeti csoport kísérelt meg a miénkhez hasonló angol-magyar nyelvészeti szakszótárat létrehozni. Az els˝opróbálkozás -
2014 Conference Abstracts
WSSA Conference 2014 Albuquerque, New Mexico Abstracts AFRICAN AND AFRICAN AMERICAN STUDIES Stephen Brown Brandman University Panel 1 A Look Back "A Short History and Culture of Afro-Turks" George H. Junne, Jr., University of Northern Colorado This paper will focus on history and current state of a group beginning to self-recognize as Afro-Turks. It has only been in recent years that they have begun to organize and make the public aware of their existence, although their ancestors have been in the Ottoman Empire/Turkey for hundreds of years. Some of their family histories can be traced back to African slaves of the Ottomans and more recent immigrants to the Republic of Turkey. Even in recent times they have been classed with the Roma and have had to live in Roma areas. At the end of the Ottoman Empire, many of those Africans were relocated to Izmir, in the southern part of Turkey, to work in the cotton fields and other areas while others arrived free in the 1920s through a population exchange with Crete. For the most part, they have Turkish names, speak Turkish and have adopted Turkish traditions, but many are attempting to get in touch with their roots.? Their origins are in Egypt, Sudan, Kenya and Niger. This research will present the history of these people whose freedom came to some only in the 20th century, at the end of the Ottoman Empire. "An African American Legacy in Liberia Through Photography" Gabriel B. Tait, Arkansas State University African Americans were some of the first to use the medium of photography to record their encounters in Liberia. -
MEDIATED DISCOURSES Ethnic Minority Media in Linguistic
Outi Tánczos MEDIATED DISCOURSES Ethnic minority media in linguistic and ethnic identity-building and language revitalization: Comparative case studies from Finno- Ugrian minority contexts Academic dissertation to be publicly discussed, by due permission of the Faculty of Arts at the University of Helsinki in lecture room IV, Metsätalo, on the 25th of August, 2018 at 10 o’clock. Finno-Ugrian Studies University of Helsinki 2018 The articles have been included in the book with the permission of their respective publishers. ISBN 978-951-51-4336-5 (paperback) ISBN 978-951-51-4337-2 (PDF) Helsinki University Printing House Helsinki 2018 ABSTRACT The dissertation consists of six peer-reviewed articles and an introduction that presents the background, objectives and results of the study. The thesis investigates the issues of representations of languages and ethnicities and division of power and responsibility in terms of language maintenance. The study takes a comparative perspective and analyzes material from several languages, most notably Karelian in the Republic of Karelia in Russia, but also Hungarian in Transylvania and Veps in Russia. The languages were chosen because of the similarities in their revival history, mainly the language political turn in the late 1980s, and the considerable differences in their societal status and ethnolinguistic vitality. A critical discourse analytic approach is applied, combining linguistic analysis with sociolinguistic background knowledge. The data of this study consist of newspaper texts published in several minority language newspapers during the period 1998–2011 and of research interviews of two types: focus group interviews carried out in the ELDIA project (2010–2013) and individual interviews of editors-in-chief of three minority language newspapers, Oma Mua (Karelian), Szabadság (Transylvanian Hungarian) and Kodima (Veps).