Submarine Rescue Systems GLOBAL & REGIONAL
jfdglobal.com ABOUT JFD
1973
Over 40 years ago a coordinated, multinational rescue effort culminated in the recovery of Roger Chapman and Roger Mallinson from their Pisces III submersible. After more than 76 hours trapped on the seabed, and with fewer than 20 minutes of life support remaining, their rescue was the first of its kind and, at 480 metres, remains the deepest ever performed.
Roger Chapman would go on to dedicate his life to the safety of those who spend their lives subsea by founding Rumic, the company that would eventually become JFD.
JFD continues to develop pioneering solutions for submarine escape and rescue and is now recognised as the world leader in this capability.
2 3 ABOUT JFD
CAPABILITY & PEDIGREE
As an established provider to 42 navies, JFD delivers innovative and technically advanced submarine escape and rescue solutions that improve safety and preserve life in the event of a submarine incident.
JFD’s capabilities span the entire A rigorous set of management submarine escape, rescue, systems and processes and an 1ST GENERATION ROKN DSRV-II, KOREA SWIFT RESCUE, JFSRS, AUSTRALIA abandonment and survival unblemished safety record ensure RESCUE SYSTEM In December 2006, JFD SINGAPORE In December 2008, JFD In 1995, JFD transformed was awarded a contract In January 2007, JFD and was contracted by the (SMERAS) environment. JFD is that the company delivers high LR5 into a steel-hulled, to deliver a 2nd Generation partners ST Marine were Commonwealth for the unique in being able to deliver quality services around the clock, Transfer Under Pressure DSAR Class submarine selected for the provision of provision of the JFSRS on solutions across all of these areas as around the world. JFD continues to (TUP) capable submarine rescue vehicle to Korea. a 2nd Generation submarine a COCO basis. In 2020, a one-stop shop. Offering a portfolio set new benchmarks and standards rescue vehicle. The The contract included rescue capability under a the contract was extended design for the new LR5, a multi-year in-service 20 year COCO arrangement; for a minimum further 4 of products and services including for submarine escape and rescue, known internally as DSAR-1, support period. the first of its kind. years. design, manufacture, operations this continuous improvement is the formed the basis for future and support, JFD has incomparable hallmark of how we deliver long-term generation SRVs. experience within this challenging value to all our customers. environment.
URF MKII, SWEDEN NSRS, NATO ISRS, INDIA ASR-II, KOREA In May 2011, JFD In January 2015 JFD was In March 2016, JFD In 2019 JFD was carried out the complete awarded the contract for was selected to provide selected to provide a refurbishment of the the provision of the NATO two 3rd Generation new moonpool launched Swedish Navy’s URF submarine rescue system submarine rescue DSRV for the Republic of SRV. URF benefits from under an eight year GOCO systems to the Indian Korea Navy's (RoKN's) JFD is the recognised world leader in the provision of submarine pull-through of 2nd agreement. Navy alongside a 25 year new submarine rescue Generation technologies. support contract. ship ASR-II. rescue services and supports some of the most advanced navies A period of in-service in the world. support followed.
4 5 SYSTEMS
OPERATING MODELS - REGIONAL VS GLOBAL RESPONSE TIME
TIME TO FIRST RESCUE The most fundamental decision in choosing a submarine rescue system is (hours) determining whether it will be a regional (MOSHIP based) system or a global (flyaway) system. MOSHIP BASED 72 FLYAWAY 54 REGIONAL GLOBAL 36 A regional system will be permanently installed A global system will have worldwide coverage on a MOSHIP, immediately ready to sail to the and be land based, deployed to a vessel in the 18 location of a sunken submarine. event of an emergency. 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 A regional system can reach local submarine V A global system will have a minimum emergencies very quickly. However due to mobilisation time and can reach anywhere in DISTANCE FROM SYSTEM sailing time limitations it has a maximum the world. Distance from system to distressed submarine (nautical miles) effective radius beyond which a viable rescue is unlikely - this is indicated in the graph to the right.
6 7 SYSTEMS
DETERMINING THE OPERATING MODEL
Select an operating model to suit your submarine force.
Once the operating model is selected then the required balance between the following 3 characteristics should be considered:
DEPLOYMENT TIME CAPACITY ENVIRONMENTAL ENVELOPE The time taken to mobilise the The amount of sorties taken to system from its primary location complete the rescue mission. The ability of the system to to the rescue site. Typical capacity of the transfer adapt to extreme environmental under pressure system and the factors; sea state, dynamic vehicle, higher capacity = lower positioning issues, mating time to rescue any given angles, changes in current. submarine of a specific size. The ability of the system to operate in less ideal environmental conditions including; sea state, wind speed and available VOOs and MOSHIPs.
All of these capability drivers will have an impact on cost, however more importantly they impact each other. For example, a system with a large capacity is likely to have a longer deployment time and a system designed for low deployment time may have a restricted environmental envelope.
8 9 REGIONAL MOSHIP
WHAT IS A REGIONAL SYSTEM? CAPABILITY MATRIX
INTEGRATED RAPID RESPONSE RAPID RESPONSE Ideal for navies with a local operating area, a regional system is stored locally FEATURE SRV SYSTEM BELL BELL XL and designed for rapid mobilisation on a MOSHIP in the event of an emergency. Deployment Time Determined by distance from MOSHIP to site ADVANTAGES TRADEOFFS Capacity Environmental Envelope Provides a reliable, low risk, high Rescue coverage area limited speed regional submarine rescue by vessel sailing range in rescue capability. scenario - no global reach. COST Rescue system operating costs, MOSHIP system has higher MOSHIP* especially training/exercise costs operating costs if MOSHIP is Build are low (offset by ship operating counted as a cost of the rescue costs). system (offset by ship having Through Life Vessel can be multi role. other roles and reduced exercise * Combined cost of build and through life. Smaller operating team. and training costs). Do not have to worry about compromising for transportability - e.g. cost, size, weight, maintenance access etc.
NOTICE TO MOSHIP SAILS TO RESCUE TIME TO MOBILISE LOCATION FIRST RESCUE
MOSHIP MOBILISED
10 11
NOTICE TO CARGO DEPARTS VOO TIME TO MOBILISE FOR VOO MOBILISED FIRST RESCUE
FIRST LOAD FLIGHT TIME TO VOO VESSEL SAILS TO LEAVES FACILITY RESCUE LOCATION REGIONAL MOSHIP
INTEGRATED SRV SYSTEM SPECIFICATION (horizontal or vertical) VEHICLE ANCILLARY EQUIPMENT
An integrated MOSHIP based system will be designed into the ship, ideally Rescue Capacity 16 Mating targets, side scan sonar, surface Optional stored within a hangar on the main deck to minimise maintenance burden and comms, ELSS pods and pod posting target CAPACITY Depth 500m* free up the main deck space for other roles. Classification Lloyds Register MOSHIP INTERFACE Selection of a horizontal or vertical transfer system will generally be determined ENVIRONMENTAL ENVELOPE by the vessels secondary roles - a vertical system will maximise free main deck DP Class N/A space by locating the decompression chambers on a lower deck, whilst a LAUNCH & RECOVERY SYSTEM COST Deck Space 475m2 horizontal system will occupy more of the main deck whilst occupying space Load Rating 30 tonnes MOSHIP on a lower deck. On Board Power 600kVA Operating Sea State 5** BUILD ADVANTAGES TRADEOFFS Classification Lloyds Register * Option available of depth rating up to 610m. THROUGH LIFE ** Option available up to sea state 6. Maximum capability; ability to Requires high crew skill level and Flexible deck arrangement, dependant on TUP capacity. Equipment can be located to suit required configuration. operate at the fullest extent of corresponding standard of training TUP
depth and current and adapt to and upkeep. Capacity Restricted only by MOSHIP space availability changing rescue scenarios. More complex and expensive to Maximum sortie capacity and maintain than a bell. Classification Lloyds Register minimum sortie time. Minimum time to complete rescue, ROV particularly for DISSUBs with larger crews. 1000m intervention ROV as standard Potentially able to be used for wide range of secondary salvage or inspection tasks.
12 13 REGIONAL MOSHIP
INTEGRATED RAPID RESPONSE BELL SPECIFICATION
A MOSHIP based Rapid Response Bell allows for the low local Time to First VEHICLE ANCILLARY EQUIPMENT Rescue associated with a MOSHIP based system whilst maximising the Rescue Capacity 6 Mating targets, side scan sonar, tracking CAPACITY MOSHIP's ability to conduct secondary roles. Optional system, surface comms, ELSS pods and Depth 300m pod posting target
The Rapid Response bell is rated to 5 bar gauge internally, allowing for pressurised ENVIRONMENTAL ENVELOPE Classification Lloyds Register rescue. Onboard operational and emergency life support capacity meet LR MOSHIP INTERFACE Class standards, meaning only a power and comms umbilical is required - this COST LAUNCH & RECOVERY SYSTEM DP Class 2 avoids air transport issues associated with onboard batteries but is primarily MOSHIP designed to minimise both umbiical handling/drag issues and overall system Load Rating 6 tonnes Deck Space 150m2 size for transport. BUILD Operating Sea State 4 On Board Power 150kVA
Integrating the bell and launch and recovery system into a side hangar for THROUGH LIFE Classification Lloyds Register example frees the prime main deck space for other equipment whilst retaining Flexible deck arrangement, dependant on TUP capacity. Equipment can be located to suit required configuration. the possibility of removing the bell in the event of an emergency if air transporting is desired. TUP Capacity Restricted only by MOSHIP space availability
ADVANTAGES TRADEOFFS Classification Lloyds Register
Takes up a minimum of deck Limited depth. space - either allowing for a Limited rescue capacity requires ROV smaller MOSHIP and/or increasing more sorties per submarine, 1000m intervention ROV as standard flexibility for secondary roles. increasing overall rescue duration. Simple system. DP2 - 4 point mooring MOSHIP Easy to flyaway (bell) in the event required. of an accident out of the MOSHIP’s Cannot operate without ROV or range. divers capable of safely diving to DISSUB depth. Most restricted environmental operating envelope i.e. sea state, DISSUB angle etc. Submarine escape hatches must be fitted with haul down points.
14 15 REGIONAL MOSHIP
INTEGRATED RAPID RESPONSE BELL XL SPECIFICATION
VEHICLE ANCILLARY EQUIPMENT The Rapid Response Bell XL increases the environmental envelope and capacity, extending depth from 300m to 500m and the rescuee capacity from 6 to 11. Rescue Capacity 11 Mating targets, side scan sonar, tracking This will reduce required number of sorties by approximately 45% when CAPACITY Optional system, surface comms, ELSS pods and Depth 500m* pod posting target compared with the standard Rapid Response Bell. ENVIRONMENTAL ENVELOPE Classification Lloyds Register The Rapid Response Bell XL is rated to 5 bar gauge internally, allowing for MOSHIP INTERFACE pressurised rescue. LR Class compliant onboard operational and emergeny life support requirements are provided for as well as sufficent onboard electrical COST LAUNCH & RECOVERY SYSTEM DP Class 2 MOSHIP power for 12 hours of continual operation and 96 hours of emergency operation. Load Rating 8 tonnes Deck Space 225m2 This removes the umbilical requirement for both gas and power, resulting in a BUILD Operating Sea State 4** On Board Power 200kVA very thin, light and low drag umbilical only providing surface communications and allowing for emergency recovery. THROUGH LIFE Classification Lloyds Register * Option available of depth rating up to 610m. These improvements come at a cost of MOSHIP space and reduced ** Option available up to sea state 6. Flexible deck arrangement, dependant on TUP capacity. TUP transportability. Equipment can be located to suit required configuration. Capacity Restricted only by MOSHIP space availability ADVANTAGES TRADEOFFS Classification Lloyds Register
Balance between standard Rapid Limited rescue capacity requires Response Bell and SRV based more sorties per submarine, ROV systems - good depth and increasing overall rescue duration. 1000m intervention ROV as standard environmental operating envelope DP2 - 4 point mooring MOSHIP whilst still not requiring as much required. deck space as an SRV based Restricted environmental operating system. envelope i.e. sea state, DISSUB Easy to flyaway (bell) in the event angle etc. of an accident out of the MOSHIP’s Cannot operate without ROV or range. divers capable of safely diving to DISSUB depth. Submarine escape hatches must be fitted with haul down points.
16 17 GLOBAL FLYAWAY
WHAT IS A GLOBAL SYSTEM? CAPABILITY MATRIX
RAPID DEPLOYMENT RAPID RESPONSE RAPID RESPONSE A global system is designed to enable air transportation offering much wider FEATURE SRV SYSTEM SRV SYSTEM BELL BELL XL coverage area for navies with large operating regions. Deployment Time ADVANTAGES TRADEOFFS Capacity Environmental Envelope Global reach. Almost certainly requires Does not requirement permanent compromising some aspect in COST . MOSHIP exchange for transportability - using more expensive materials Build . to minimise weight, reducing Through Life .. capacity to maintain aircraft compatibility etc. Higher up front cost. Higher through life costs. Needs a staffed land base. Larger permanent staff due to mobilisation requirements. Longer TTFR for regional incident. NOTICE TO MOSHIP SAILS TO RESCUE TIME TO MOBILISE LOCATION FIRST RESCUE
MOSHIP MOBILISED
NOTICE TO CARGO DEPARTS VOO TIME TO MOBILISE FOR VOO MOBILISED FIRST RESCUE
FIRST LOAD FLIGHT TIME TO VOO VESSEL SAILS TO LEAVES FACILITY RESCUE LOCATION
18 19 GLOBAL FLYAWAY
FLYAWAY SRV SYSTEM SPECIFICATION
A conventional Flyaway SRV system offers the best environmental envelope VEHICLE ANCILLARY EQUIPMENT and capacity of the global systems, however at the cost of the longest Rescue Capacity 16 Tracking system, surface comms, DEPLOYMENT TIME Standard deployment time. workshop/spares container Depth 400m* Generator, mating targets, side scan sonar, Optional Able to deploy globally and rescue in the harshest of environmental conditions, CAPACITY Classification Lloyds Register ELSS pods and pod posting target the Flyaway SRV system must be complemented with a well trained and exercised emergency response capability to ensure it will be on site wherever ENVIRONMENTAL ENVELOPE and whenever required. LAUNCH & RECOVERY SYSTEM DECK
Load Rating 25 tonnes Deck Footprint 475m2 COST ADVANTAGES TRADEOFFS BUILD Operating Sea State 4** Classification Lloyds Register Maximum capability; ability to Requires high crew skill level and THROUGH LIFE TRANSPORT operate at the fullest extent corresponding standard of Trucks 14 of depth and current and adapt training and upkeep. TUP Aircraft (small items) 777-200F, 747-400F, C130, Embraer C-390 to changing rescue scenarios. More complex and expensive to Maximum sortie capacity and maintain than a bell. Capacity 72 Aircraft A400M, IL-76, C17, AN-124 minimum sortie time. Classification Lloyds Register Low time to complete rescue, * Option available of depth rating up to 610m. particularly for DISSUBs with ** Option available up to sea state 6. larger crews. ROV Other TUP capacities available on request. No Vessel of Opportunity (VOO) DP requirement. 1000m intervention ROV as standard
20 21 GLOBAL FLYAWAY
RAPID DEPLOYMENT SRV SYSTEM SPECIFICATION
VEHICLE ANCILLARY EQUIPMENT JFD's 3rd Generation Rapid Deployment SRV system has been designed from the ground up to rapidly mobilise to a MOSHIP. By integrating the Rescue Capacity 16 Tracking system, surface comms, DEPLOYMENT TIME Standard decompression chambers and launch and recovery system, the requirement workshop/spares container Depth 500m* to install the A-Frame prior to the chambers (to ensure alignment) is removed. Generator, mating targets, side scan sonar, Optional This greatly reduces the deck space required allowing for deployment to a CAPACITY Classification Lloyds Register ELSS pods and pod posting target wider range of Vessels of Opportunity resulting in a further reduced Time to First Rescue. ENVIRONMENTAL ENVELOPE LAUNCH & RECOVERY SYSTEM DECK In addition to the key MOSHIP optimisations, the entire system is optimised Load Rating 30 tonnes Deck Footprint 400m2 for road and air transport with a reduced number of trucks required and more COST Operating Sea State 4** equipment able to be carried by commercial aircraft. BUILD Classification Lloyds Register THROUGH LIFE TRANSPORT ADVANTAGES TRADEOFFS Trucks 12
TUP 777-200F, 747-400F, C130, Embraer C-390, Maximum capability; ability to Requires high crew skill level and Aircraft (small items) A400M operate at the fullest extent of corresponding standard of training Capacity 60 - 90 depth and current and adapt to and upkeep. Aircraft IL-76, C17, AN-124 Classification Lloyds Register changing rescue scenarios. Highest up front costs. Maximum sortie capacity and Highest through life costs. * Option available of depth rating up to 610m. minimum sortie time. Some compromises to capability/ ROV ** Option available up to sea state 6. Lowest deck space requirement comfort as a result of transport Other TUP capacities available on request. of SRV based systems. and mobilisation optimisations 1000m intervention ROV as standard Lowest mobilisation time of SRV e.g. restricted volume of DDCs. based system. No Vessel of Opportunity (VOO) DP requirement.
Small compromises in capacity and environmental envelope are required to achieve the rapid deployment times, however the 3rd Generation System remains amongst the most capable in the world.
22 23 GLOBAL FLYAWAY
FLYAWAY RAPID RESPONSE BELL SPECIFICATION
The Flyaway Rapid Response Bell had a single primary design goal - to allow the VEHICLE ANCILLARY EQUIPMENT entire system to be transported by the widest range of commercial aircraft possible. Rescue Capacity 6 Transport cradle, winch umbilical and sheave DEPLOYMENT TIME Standard wheel, compressor, surface comms, tracking Depth 300m system, workshop/spares container With air transport requirements being the most challenging aspect of a global Classification Lloyds Register Generator, mating targets, side scan sonar, submarine rescue deployment, the Flyaway Rapid Response Bell ensures that CAPACITY Optional even without any military transport, the system will be on site at the location of ELSS pods and pod posting target a submarine emergency in the shortest possible time. ENVIRONMENTAL ENVELOPE LAUNCH & RECOVERY SYSTEM DECK As a result of the air transport optimisation, the system also has the smallest Load Rating 6 tonnes deck footprint of any offered system, hugely increasing the range of possible COST Deck Footprint 150m2 Operating Sea State 4 Vessels of Opportunity for deployment. BUILD Classification Lloyds Register THROUGH LIFE ADVANTAGES TRADEOFFS TRANSPORT Trucks 4 Compatible with widest range of Limited depth. TUP
aircraft including many commercial Limited rescue capacity requires 777-200F, 747-400F, C130, Embraer C-390 Capacity 12 Aircraft freight aircraft - minimising TTFR. more sorties per submarine, A400M, IL-76, C17, AN-124 Takes up a minimum of deck increasing overall rescue duration. Classification Lloyds Register space - allowing widest range of DP2/4 point mooring VOO required. Other TUP capacities available on request. VOOs therefore shorter TTFR. Cannot operate without ROV or Simple system, low upfront and divers capable of safely diving to ROV ongoing costs. DISSUB depth. Most restricted environmental 1000m intervention ROV as standard operating envelope i.e. sea state, depth, DISSUB angle etc. Submarine escape hatches must be fitted with haul down points.
Whilst transport optimisations do come at the cost of capacity and environmental envelope, the Rapid Response Bell is still more than capable of dealing with the majority of submarine emergencies on its own and also makes an excellent complement to a larger, slower system.
24 25 GLOBAL FLYAWAY
FLYAWAY RAPID RESPONSE BELL XL SPECIFICATION
The Flyaway Rapid Response Bell XL trades some of the transportability of the VEHICLE ANCILLARY EQUIPMENT Flyaway Rapid Response Bell for capacity and environmental envelope. Rescue Capacity 11 ISO transport skids, transport cradle, DEPLOYMENT TIME winch umbilical & sheave wheel, compressor, Standard Depth 500m* surface comms, tracking system, The Flyaway Rapid Response Bell XL can still be transported by only commercial workshop/spares container freight aircraft whilst nearly matching an SRV based system in environmental CAPACITY Classification Lloyds Register Generator, mating targets, side scan sonar, envelope. Optional ELSS pods and pod posting target ENVIRONMENTAL ENVELOPE LAUNCH & RECOVERY SYSTEM
ADVANTAGES TRADEOFFS Load Rating 8 tonnes DECK COST Operating Sea State 4** Compatible with larger commercial Limited rescue capacity requires BUILD Deck Footprint 225m2 freight aircraft lowering TTFR. more sorties per submarine, Classification Lloyds Register Balance between Rapid Response increasing overall rescue duration. THROUGH LIFE Bell and SRV based systems DP2/4 point mooring VOO required. TRANSPORT
- good depth and environmental Restricted environmental operating TUP Trucks 5 operating envelope whilst still not envelope i.e. sea-state DISSUB Capacity 24 777-200F, 747-400F, C130, Embraer C-390 requiring as much deck space angle etc. Aircraft A400M, IL-76, C17, AN-124 as an SRV based system. Cannot operate without ROV or Classification Lloyds Register divers capable of safely diving to DISSUB depth. * Option available of depth rating up to 610m. ROV ** Option available up to sea state 6. Submarine escape hatches must Other TUP capacities available on request. be fitted with haul down points. 1000m intervention ROV as standard
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