diversity Article On the Challenge to Correctly Identify Rasboras (Teleostei: Cyprinidae: Danioninae) Inhabiting the Mesangat Wetlands, East Kalimantan, Indonesia Sebastian Hüllen 1,*, Chiara Mandl 1, Matthias F. Geiger 1, Renny K. Hadiaty 2,†, Gema Wahyudewantoro 2, Thomas Ziegler 3,4 and Fabian Herder 1 1 Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, 53113 Bonn, Germany;
[email protected] (C.M.);
[email protected] (M.F.G.);
[email protected] (F.H.) 2 Ichthyology Laboratory, Division of Zoology, Research Centre for Biology, Indonesian Institute of Science (LIPI), (+62) 251 Cibinong, Indonesia;
[email protected] 3 Cologne Zoo, 50735 Cologne, Germany;
[email protected] 4 Institute of Zoology, University of Cologne, 50674 Cologne, Germany * Correspondence:
[email protected] † In special memory of our friend and colleague Renny K. Hadiaty (21 August 1960–30 January 2019), who devoted her life to the exploration of the Indonesian fish diversity. Abstract: Within the subfamily Danioninae, rasborine cyprinids are known as a ‘catch-all’ group, diagnosed by only a few characteristics. Most species closely resemble each other in morphology. Species identification is therefore often challenging. In this study, we attempted to determine the number of rasborine species occurring in samples from the Mesangat wetlands in East Kalimantan, Indonesia, by using different approaches. Morphological identification resulted in the distinction of five species (Trigonopoma sp., Rasbora cf. hubbsi Brittan, 1954, R. rutteni Weber and de Beaufort, 1916, Citation: Hüllen, S.; Mandl, C.; R. trilineata Steindachner, 1870, and R. vaillantii, Popta 1905). However, genetic species delimitation Geiger, M.F.; Hadiaty, R.K.; methods (Poisson tree processes (PTP) and multi-rate PTP (mPTP)) based on DNA barcodes and prin- Wahyudewantoro, G.; Ziegler, T.; cipal component analysis (PCA) based on homologous geometric morphometric landmarks, revealed Herder, F.