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FSN-FG 0006 SOME HAEMTOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF INTER-GENERIC HYBRID OF AFRICAN ( x bidorsalis) JUVENILES AND THEIR PURE LINES IN NORTH EASTERN NIGERIA

* DIYAWARE M.Y.1; A.B. HARUNA2, AND K.A. ABUBAKAR3 1Department of , University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria 2Department of Fisheries, Federal University of Technology, Yola, Nigeria 3Department of Biological Science, Federal University of Technology, Yola, Nigeria

Copyright 2010, Fisheries Society of Nigeria. survival, and improvement of genetic This paper was prepared for presentation at the 25th Annual International Conference and Exhibition in Administrative Staff College of Nigeria traits. Inter-generic hybridization has been (ASCON), Topo-Badagry, Lagos, Nigeria, 25th – 29th October, 2010. performed between African catfish viz: C. This paper was selected for presentation by an FISON Program Committee following review of information contained in an abstract submitted by the anguillaris x H. bidorsalis (Diyaware et author(s). Contents of the paper, as presented, have not been reviewed by the Fisheries Society of Nigeria and are subject to correction by the author(s). al., 2010). Hybridizations between African The material, as presented, does not necessarily reflect any position of the Fisheries Society of Nigeria, its officers, or members. Papers presented at catfish and Asian catfish; C. gariepinus x FISON meetings are subject to publication review by Editorial Committees of the Fisheries Society of Nigeria. Electronic reproduction, distribution, or C. batrachus were also carried out Sahoo storage of any part of this paper for commercial purposes without the written consent of the Fisheries Society of Nigeria is prohibited. Permission to et al., (2003), and C. gariepinus × reproduce in print is restricted to an abstract of not more than 300 words; illustrations may not be copied. The abstract must contain conspicuous Heterobranchus longifilis (Legendre et al., acknowledgement of where and by whom the paper was presented. Write Librarian, Fisheries Society of Nigeria (FISON), P. O. Box 2607 Apapa, 1992; Nwadukwe 1995), C. batrachus x C. Lagos. gariepinus has been attempted by (Rahman et al., (1995). Hybridization ABSTRACT between Hepteropneustis fossilis and C. Some haematological parameters of inter- gariepinus have been reported by generic hybrid African catfish (Clarias Muthukumaran and Sukumaran (2005), anguillaris x Heterobranchus bidorsalis) while that of C. macrocephalus and C. were investigated to assess the ability of gariepinus was documented by Na-Nakorn the hybrids to withstand culture conditions et al., (2004). Aluko and Ali (2001) in North east Nigeria. The result shows successfully produced eight fast inter- that packed cell volume (PCV), red blood generic hybrid fish from four African cells (RBC), Haemoglobin (Hb), mean cell catfish species belonging to two haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and Clarias and Heterobranchus. platelets (PLT) were higher in pure line Haematological indices in these hybrids Clarias anguillaris. However, white blood critical are parameters for the evaluation cell (WBC) and lymphocytes (LYM) were physiological status and genetic resilience higher in female H. bidorsalis x male C. of the fish to resist bacterial infection, anguillaris (Heteroclarias) hybrid. PCV, fungal and viral disease and withstand MCHC, Hb, and RBC of all the fish intensive culture conditions that species observed in this study were within compromises immunity. Response to these the healthy ranges for fish. The results of depends on fish species, age, sexual this study show that Heteroclarias have maturity of fish, and diseases (Luskova, haematological competence for survival in 1997; Golovina and Trombicky, 1989; culture conditions in the region. Golovina, 1996; Zhiteneva et al., 1989). Keywords: Haematological parameters, Haematological tests and analysis of serum inter-generic hybrids, Clarias anguillaris x constituents have yielded useful Heterobranchus bidorsalis. information for detection and diagnosis of metabolic disturbances and disease INTRODUCTION conditions in fishes (Aldrin et al., 1982; In , production of hybrid fish Jamalzadeh et al., 2009). Like in warm- plays important role in fast growth, blooded , changes in the blood

331 Some Haemtological Parameters Of Inter-Generic Hybrid Of African Catfish (Clarias Anguillaris X Heterobranchus Bidorsalis) FISON EKO 2010 Juveniles And Thieir Pure Lines In North Eastern Nigeria parameters of fish, occurring from injuries (Aeyemo, 2007). Decrease in erythrocytes or infections of tissues or organs, can be has been reported to be the major and used to determine extend of the reliable indicators of various sources of dysfunction or injuries organs or tissues. stress in fish (Rainza-Paiva et al., 2000; However in fish, these parameters are O’neal and Weirich 2001). White blood more related to the response of the whole cells are the main defense cells of the organism, i.e. to the effect on fish survival, animals. Decrease in these cells indicates reproduction and growth than discrete vulnerability to stress and infection organ or tissue (Vosyliene, 1999). (Sunmonu and Oyelola, 2008). Drop in red In recent years, variation in blood cells implies reduction in level of haematological indices were used when oxygen that is being carried to the tissues clinical diagnosis of fish physiology was and the level of carbon dioxide returned to required to determine the effects of the lungs will also be reduced. Reduction external stressors and toxic substances due in mean hemoglobin concentration and to the close association between the mean corpuscular hemoglobin circulatory system and the external concentration indicates anemia (Sunmonu environment (Cech et al, 1996; Wendelaar and Oyelola, 2008). According to myDr and Bonga, 1997). Wepener, (1997) also (2006), packed cell volume or haemtocrit, suggested that haematological and red blood cell (RBC), and mean cell biochemical changes, growth rate and haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) are oxygen consumption of fish are used in used for diagnosing anaemic condition, determining the toxic effects of pollutants. while neutrophils and monocytes According to Fernades and Mazon (2003), (differential counts) protects the body haematological parameters are closely against bacterial invasion. Lymphocytes related to the response of the to the are involved in immune process, environment, an indication that the producing antibodies against foreign environment where fish lives could exert organism, protecting against microbes. some influence on the haematological Low RBC indicates malnutrition and characteristics (Kori-Siakpere, 1985). Sex platelets helps in diagnosing problems of the fish may also influence the blood associated bleeding or bruising. parameters. Sniezsko, (1960) showed that Hematological studies in fishes have males consistently had higher packed cell assumed greater significance because these volume values than the females and this parameters could be used as an effective has been proposed as means of sexing fish. and sensitive index to monitor Blood cell responses are important physiological and pathological changes indicators of changes in the internal and/or induced by natural or anthropometric external environment of animals factors, such as bacteria and fungi (Adeyemo, 2007). A number of infections or pollution of water haematological indices such as environment, pathogenicity of the haematocrit (Ht) haemoglobin (Hb), red organism. Haematological study on blood cells (RBCs) are used to assess the nutritional effects have been reported functional status of the oxygen carrying Rehulka (2000). Osuigwe et al., (2005) capacity of bloodstream and have been documented some haematological changes used as indicators of the presence of in hybrid Heteroclarias fed raw and boiled metallic pollutants in aquatic environment jack beans seed meal. Effects of ascorbic (Shah and Altindang 2004). acid on haematological parameters of C. Red blood count (RBC), concentration of gariepinus have been studies by (Oluyemi haemoglobin (MCH) and haematocrit (Ht) et al., 2008) Rogers et al. (2003) have been reported to indicate secondary concluded that, mechanism of lead toxicity responses of an organism to irritants occurs by ion regulatory disruption.

ISSN: 1117-3149 PROCEEDINGS OF FISHERIES SOCIETY OF NIGERIA (FISON) ASCON, BADAGRY 25th-29th OCTOBER 2010 FSN-FG 0006 332 Diyaware M.Y., Haruna A.B., & Abubakar K.A. FISON EKO 2010

Few authors reported blood profile of male H. bidorsalis), Heteroclarias (female Clarrids not exposed to chemicals or feed H. bidorsalis x male C. anguillaris), and or disease; Clarias buthupogon Kori- their pure line C. anguillaris x C. Siakpere and Egor (1999), C. isherensis anguillaris and H. bidorsalis x H. Kori-Siakpere, (1985), on hybrid bidorsalis) were collected from Heteroclarias (H. bidorsalis and C. Departmental polyethylene line fish pond gariepinus) (Kori-Siakpere et al., 2006). and the blood samples collected Changes in the blood characteristics of immediately. caused by stress due to Blood collection exposure to environmental pollutants, Blood samples were collected from the diseases or attack by pathogens have been fish through caudal peduncle puncture as studied extensively: (Onusiriuka and described by (AQUALEX, 2004). Ufodike, 2000; Ezeri, 2001; Gabriel, et al., Approximately 60µl of heparin was drawn 2001; Rehulka 2000; Rehulka, 2002a; from EDTA bottle using 2 ml plastic Rehulka, 2002b). Maheswaran et al., 2008 syringe with 22 gauge hypodermic needle studied effect of mercuric acid on blood (Schmitt et al., 2007). 0.3 - 0.5 ml of blood indices of C. batrachus, while Okechukwu was collected from each fish and deposited et al., (2007) investigated the into bottle containing EDTA. The samples haematological indices of C. gariepinus to were transported in a cold pack to the exposure to acute chlorpyrifos-ethyl. Kia- haematology laboratory at Prof. Umaru Siakpere et al., (2007) reported effects of Shehu specialist hospital Maiduguri for paraquat on blood indices. These indices haematological analysis. have been employed in effective Haematological analysis monitoring of the responses of the fish to The haematological parameters were stressors and thus its health status under analyzed using automated haematological adverse conditions. analyzer (Model: Sysmex KX-21N, Information on haemtological profile of Sysmex Cooperation, Kobe Japan). White Clariids and their hybrids have not been blood cell (WBC) count was performed fully documented. Haematological profiles with WBC detector block using Direct of juvenile hybrids will reveal the Current (DC) detection method. Red blood possibility of the hybrids to withstand the cell (RBC) and Platelets (PL) were harsh environmental condition that is analyzed by Hydrodynamic focusing DC likely to be faced by the species during detection methods. Haemoglobin (Hb) rearing. There is also a need to establish levels were analyzed by Non-cyanide baseline information on haematological Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) method, profiles of our economically valued fish while Packed Cell Volume (PCV) was species for continual assessment of their determined using Cumulative pulse height health status and subsequent diagnosis of detection (CPHD) method. The blood disease. The objective of this study is to sample with EDTA was mixed gently and compare the hematological parameters of probed with haematological analyzer, and hybrid African catfish (Clarias anguillaris then start bottom was pressed. The x Heterobranchus bidorsalis) with view to haematological parameters were printed assessing the ability of hybrids to thrive out immediately. under culture conditions in north east Physico-chemical parameters Nigeria. Water quality parameters such as dissolved oxygen, pH and Temperature during MATERIALS AND METHODS sample collection were collected were Experimental fish recorded using digital EC/TDS/pH kit Sixty (60) each of juvenile hybrids of (model: EC500 Meter SANXIN- China) Clariabranchus (female C. anguillaris x Data analysis

ISSN: 1117-3149 PROCEEDINGS OF FISHERIES SOCIETY OF NIGERIA (FISON) ASCON, BADAGRY 25th-29th OCTOBER 2010 FSN-FG 0006 333 Some Haemtological Parameters Of Inter-Generic Hybrid Of African Catfish (Clarias Anguillaris X Heterobranchus Bidorsalis) FISON EKO 2010 Juveniles And Thieir Pure Lines In North Eastern Nigeria

Haematological data obtained from all the were no significant differences between treatments (cross combinations) were PCV, Hb, and PLT values among the subjected to one way analysis of variance entire cross combination. MCHC values (ANOVA). Differences between the means from H. bidorsalis (34.57 ± 0.33 g/dl) and were determined using Duncan’s multiple their maternal hybrids (33.67±0.44) were range tests, Duncan (1955) with SPSS.15 significantly (p<0.05) lower than those for windows. recorded in pure C. anguillaris (39.03 ± 1.96 g/dl) and their maternal hybrids RESULTS (35.23 ± 0.61 g/dl). However, MCHC Table 1 shows mean blood profiles of values of pure H. bidorsalis juveniles were juvenile inter-generic hybrid catfish C. not significantly (p>0.05) higher compared anguillaris and H. bidorsalis and their to the reciprocal hybrids. Similarly, pure line progenies in North east Nigeria. MCHC values of pure C. anguillaris were PCV, Hb, MCHC and platelet (PLT) were significantly the same with to that of their higher in pure line C. anguillaris. There maternal hybrids (Clariabranchus).

Table 1: Mean (±SEM) of blood profiles juvenile inter-generic hybrid catfish (C. anguillaris and H. bidorsalis) and their pure lines progenies in North east Nigeria. Parameters Cross combinations C. anguillaris Clariabranchus H. bidorsalis Heteroclarias PCV (%) 28.65±2.71 a 25.57±1.12 a 27.50±1.47a 27.87±1.02 a Hb (g/dl) 10.33±0.62 a 9.00±0.26 a 9.27±0.58a 9.63±0.28 a WBC (x10/µl) 188.98±4.88a 181.53±3.57 a 192.87±8.29a 193.70±3.26 a RBC (x103/ µl) 2.42±0.12 a 2.18±0.10 ab 1.99±0.14 b 2.46±0.03 a MCV (fl) 117.68±4.83a 117.13±1.76 b 138.07±1.98a 113.07±2.59 b MCH (pg) 42.65±1.99b 41.30±1.15 bc 46.53±0.70a 39.1±0.61 c MCHC (g/dl) 39.03±1.96a 35.23±0.61 ab 33.67±0.44 b 34.57±0.33 b PLT (x103/µl) 19.25±4.78a 17.33±4.81 a 10.67±8.17 a 16.67±4.63 a LYM (x103/µl) 185.65±5.13a 177.97±3.61 a 187±13.86 a 190.40±3.43 a LYM (%) 98.23±0.22 a 98.03±0.29 a 97.37±0.80 a 98.30±0.12 a Means in the same row have having different superscript are significantly difference (p<0.05)

Key: PCV= Packed cell volume, Hb = Haemoglobin, WBC = White blood cells, RBC = Red blood cells, MCV = Mean corpuscular volume, MCH = Mean cell haemoglobin, MCHC = Mean cell haemoglobin concentration, PLT = Platelet count, LYM = Lymphocytes.

White blood cell (WBC) recorded in Heteroclarias juveniles were The highest WBC was recorded in hybrid not significantly different from that of C. Heteroclarias followed by their maternal anguillaris and Clariabranchus. pure line H. bidorsalis, C. anguillaris and Mean Corpuscular volume (MCV hybrid Clariabranchus. There was no The highest MCV were observed in H. significant difference between the WBC bidorsalis (138.07 ± 1.98 fl), followed by values among the entire cross C. anguillaris (117.68 ± 4.83 fl), combination. Clariabranchus (117.13 ± 1.76 fl) and RBC counts were higher (2.46±0.03 x103/ Heteroclarias (113.07 ± 2.29 fl). There is µl) in Heteroclarias followed closely by no significant difference between MCV C. anguillaris and the hybrid values obtained in H. bidorsalis compared Clariabranchus (2.42±0.12 and 2.18±0.10 to that of C. anguillaris. Similarly MCV x103/ µl), while H. bidorsalis values of Clariabranchus and (1.99±0.14x103/ µl) was significantly Heteroclarias were statistically (p>0.05) (p<0.05) lower than the other cross the same. combinations. The high RBC values

ISSN: 1117-3149 PROCEEDINGS OF FISHERIES SOCIETY OF NIGERIA (FISON) ASCON, BADAGRY 25th-29th OCTOBER 2010 FSN-FG 0006 334 Diyaware M.Y., Haruna A.B., & Abubakar K.A. FISON EKO 2010

Mean cell haemoglobin (MCH) bidorsalis and Clariabranchus juveniles, MCH were observed to be higher in H. respectively. There were no significant bidorsalis (46.53 ± 0.70 pg), followed by difference (p>0.05) among the LYM pure C. anguillaris with (42.65 ± 1.99) and values of the entire cross combination. Heteroclarias. MCH value of H. Percentage LYM were also high in hybrid bidorsalis is significantly (p<0.05) Heteroclarias. Significant difference did different from the rest of the cross not exist between all the percentages LYM combinations, while MCH values of C. for all the treatments. anguillaris and that of their maternal Water quality parameters hybrids (Heteroclarias) are statistically Temperature in the ponds where the fish (p>0.05) the same. sampled collected were between 29.43 ± Lymphocytes 0.90 oC to 30.4 ± 0.12 oC, pH 7.49 ± 0.35 Lymphocytes values were higher (98.30 ± to 7.85 ± 0.30 while dissolved oxygen was 0.12 x103/µl) in Heteroclarias, followed between 4.36 ± 0.42 to 5.14 ± 0.82 mg/L closely by 98.23 ± 0.22 x103/µl and 98.03 (Table 2). ± 0.29 x103/µl observed in that of pure H.

Table 2: Water quality parameters of the pond during experimental fish collection Fish Species Temperature pH DO mg/L-1 C. anguillaris 30.4 ± 0.12 7.74 ± 0.11 4.50 ± 0.38 Clariasbranchus 30.1 ± 0.00 7.85 ± 0.30 5.02 ± 0.64 H. bidorsalis 29.43 ± 0.90 7.49 ± 0.35 4.36 ± 0.42 Heteroclarias 30.13 ± 0.29 7.67 ± 0.41 5.14 ± 0.82

DISCUSSION species (Kori-Siakpere, 1985). However, Water quality parameters recorded in the the PCV values recorded in this study are ponds where the experimental fish were higher than those recorded by Ochang et collected were within the ranger for fish al., (2007) for control juveniles of C. culture recommended by Boyd (1981). gariepinus (22.00 %) during trails on Packed cell volume growth performance, body composition, PCV ranges of juvenile hybrids and pure haematology and product quality of the line African catfish (C. anguillaris x H. African catfish (C. gariepinus) fed diets bidorsalis) recorded in this study fall with palm oil. within normal values of 20 to 35 % Haemoglobin concentration (Erondu et al., 1993) and 22 – 40 % (Ram- Hb reported in this study for the entire Bhasker and Srinvasa-Rao 1989). PCV cross combinations (9.00 – 10.33 g/dL) is values of hybrids recorded in this study approximate to 10.63 g/dL reported by were lower than that of Heteroclaria Osuigwe et al., (2005) for controlled juvenile (38.40 %) (Kori-Sia-kpere and juvenile hybrid between H. longifilis x C. Ubogu 2008) and that of control juvenile gariepinus, but higher than (15.31g/dL) C. gariepinus (39.00 %) (Ogunji et al., documented by Kori-Siakpere and Ubogu 2005). The difference in the blood profiles (2008) for juvenile hybrid as well as could be due to variation in environmental 13.00g/dL recorded from C. gariepinus factors (Fernades and Mazon 2003), that juvenile by (Ogunji et al., 2007). haematological characteristics are closely Similarly, 27.00 g/dL reported by related to the response of the animal to its Sunmonu and Oloyede (2008) varied with environment. Accordingly, the the result of this study. This variation may environment where the fish lives could be due to difference in the species and exert some influence on the environment where the fish lived. The high haematological characteristics of that level of Hb recorded in pure line juveniles

ISSN: 1117-3149 PROCEEDINGS OF FISHERIES SOCIETY OF NIGERIA (FISON) ASCON, BADAGRY 25th-29th OCTOBER 2010 FSN-FG 0006 335 Some Haemtological Parameters Of Inter-Generic Hybrid Of African Catfish (Clarias Anguillaris X Heterobranchus Bidorsalis) FISON EKO 2010 Juveniles And Thieir Pure Lines In North Eastern Nigeria

C. anguillaris indicates that this trait of returned to the lungs will also increase, high Hb might have been inherited from thus efficient oxygen supply, survival, and the paternal parents by the hybrids resistance to environmental conditions. Heteroclarias. However, Ogueji et al, (2005) observed as White blood cell high as 1.80 x 106mm3 RBC from juvenile The high WBC recorded in the entire cross C. gariepinus in Zaria, Nigeria, while combinations higher than those reported Sunmonu and Oloyede (2008), reported by most author viz: WBC (181.53±3.57 to 298.50 x 1012/µL from juvenile C. 193.70±3.26) recorded in this study are gariepinus also from in Ilorin Nigeria. higher than those reported by most authors These values disagree with the results viz: 18.8 Ogunji et al., ( 2007), 37.78 for obtained in this study. The variation in the wild adult C.gariepinus Gabriel et al. RBC could be due variation in the (2004), 8.42 for juvenile Heteroclaria ecological conditions as suggested by Osuigwe et al, (2005) 49.73 wild Orun et al. (2003) that blood parameters Clariabranchus (C.gariepinus x are influenced by water temperature and H.bidorsalis) 16.51 adult C.anguillaris, oxygen concentration. 9.04 C.macromystax Bunmi (2010) in Mean corpuscular volume North east Nigeria.. MCV is an estimate of the volume of red in this study show significant difference blood cells. The mean MCV values from what most authors reported. observed in this study are lower than However, the high WBC (193.70x103/µL) 240.18 fl recorded for juvenile hybrid observed in ♀Hb x ♂Ca indicates stronger African catfish reported by Kori-Sia-Kpere immune system toward invasion by and Ubogu (2008) for juveniles foreign organism, prevent infection and at Heteroclarias and 200.93 fl for C. least transport and distribute antibodies in gariepinus fingerlings (Gbore et al., 2006). immune response as suggested by It is higher than 96.62 fl for C. gariepinus Sunmonu and Oloyede (2008). The fingerlings (Ochang et al, 2007). However, increase in the WBC may be due to the high MCV may be due the high environmental stresses of the semi-arid concentration of haemoglobin in the red zone. Stress-mediated condition may blood cell. trigger the release of more white blood Mean cell haemoglobin cells into the blood stream. myDr. (2009), The MCH values observed in this study reported that an abnormal high white cell are higher than earlier reports 24.24 pg C. counts can indicates many possible gariepinus juveniles Omitoyin, (2006), medical conditions. This may suggest that and 33.10 pg Ochang et al, (2007), the H. bidorsalis and their maternal respectively. Kore-Siapere and Ubogu hybrids may be affected by the harsh (2008) reported higher MCH for juvenile weather conditions of North east region Heteroclarias while Gbore et al, (2006) during intensive aquaculture. reported 51.50 pg which contrary to what Red blood cell was obtained this study. This explains that Mean RBC values obtained Heteroclarias, the red cell enlargement due probably to C. anguillaris and Clariabranchus (2.46, nutritional deficiencyof folic acid or 242, and 2.18 x 103/µL, respectively) in Vitamin B12. In another word higher this study are higher (1.63 x1012) than MCH indicates good volume of reported by Kori-Sia-kpere and Ubogu haemoglobin which indicates good oxygen (2008), 1.43 x1012, Osuigwe et al., (2005) transportation in the blood stream for and 1.77 x 106mm3 (Maheswaran et al., healthy well being of the fish. 2008). Higher RBC indicated that the level Mean cell haemoglobin concentration of oxygen that will be transported to the MCHC values recorded among the entire tissue and the level of carbon dioxide cross combination are within the range

ISSN: 1117-3149 PROCEEDINGS OF FISHERIES SOCIETY OF NIGERIA (FISON) ASCON, BADAGRY 25th-29th OCTOBER 2010 FSN-FG 0006 336 Diyaware M.Y., Haruna A.B., & Abubakar K.A. FISON EKO 2010 recommended by Ram-Bhasker and REFERENCE Srinvasa-Rao (1989) for healthy fish, Adedeji, O. B. (2010). Acute effect of except for ♂Ca, ♀Ca which is slightly diazinon on blood plasma higher than the rest of the fish species. biochemistry in the African MCHC for Clariabranchus (35.27g/dL) Catfish (Clarias gariepinus). Journal of very close to (35.47 g/dL/) for Clinical Medicine and Research 2 Heteroclarias juvenile reported by Kore- :(1) 1-6 January, 2010. Available Siapere and Ubogu (2008). online Platelet count http://www.academicjournals.org/J Platelet values recorded in this study are CMR lower than 132 x 103/µl for juvenile C. Adeyemo, O. K.(2007) . Haematological gariepinus reported by Sunmonu and Profile of Clarias gariepinus Oloyede (2008) and 175.92 x 103/µl for (Burchell, 1822) Exposed to Lead Sarotherodon melanotheron adult Turkish Journal of Fisheries and (Akinrotimi et al., 2007). The high platelet Aquatic Sciences 7:163-169 values observed in C. anguillaris and their Adeyemo, O. K., Ajani, F., Adedeji, O.B. maternal hybrid indicates that the fish Olajide and Ajiboye, O. (2008). species are likely to withstand and heal Acute Toxicity and Blood Profile from bruises that might have been of Adult Clarias gariepinus acquired during fighting and prevention of Exposed to Lead Nitrate . The excessive bleeding via enactment of rapid Internet Journal of Hematology. clotting at injury site. 4:2. Lymphocytes (LYM) Aldrin, J.F. Messager, J.L., and Saleun, S. The higher lymphocytes observed in (1982). Analysis Sanguineous de hybrid Heteroclarias and pure C. turborts de’eleuages immature anguillaris suggested immunity for these (Scopthalmus maxinus L.). two compared to the other cross Aquaculture, 40: 17-25. combinations though there was no Alexaner, R.R. and Griffiliths, J.M. significant difference between the (1993). Haematocrit.: In: Basic lymphocytes values among the entire cross Biochemical methods, 2nd edition, combinations. Hence have the potentials of John Willey and sons Inc. New thriving well in the harsh conditions of Yolk. North east Nigeria. The lymphocytes in Akinrotimi, A.O.Gabriel, U.U., Anyanwu, this study are higher than 33.00% for P.E. and A.O. Anyanwu, (2007). juvenile C. gariepinus Adeyemi (2005) Influence of Sex, Acclimatization and 82.8% for juvenile C. gariepinus methods and period on reported by (Yaji et al., 2007). haematology of Sarathoerodon Conclusion melanotheron (Chichlidae). 2(3) The high PCV, Hb, MCHC and PLT 348 – 352. observed in pure line Clarias anguillaris Aluko P.O. and Ali, M.H. (2001). concluded that, they are hardier than both Production of eight types of fast their maternal and paternal hybrids. growing inter-generic hybrids from However, since most of the blood profiles four Clariid species. Journal of of the entire cross combinations fall with Aquaculture in the Tropics. 16:2, the desired blood profiles of healthy fish 139-147. this indicates that fish hybrids can AQUALEX (2004). Basic techniques in withstand the culture conditions in region Fish haematology. AMC Ltd. in comparism to their pure parental Available on: progenies. http//www.aqualex.org/elearning/fi sh_haematology/english/index.html

ISSN: 1117-3149 PROCEEDINGS OF FISHERIES SOCIETY OF NIGERIA (FISON) ASCON, BADAGRY 25th-29th OCTOBER 2010 FSN-FG 0006 337 Some Haemtological Parameters Of Inter-Generic Hybrid Of African Catfish (Clarias Anguillaris X Heterobranchus Bidorsalis) FISON EKO 2010 Juveniles And Thieir Pure Lines In North Eastern Nigeria

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