DOCSLIB.ORG

World Bank Document

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
World Bank Document PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT GOVERNMENT OF MEGHALAYA PROJECT NAME: MEGHALAYA INTEGRATED TRANSPORT PROJECT (MITP) ROAD NAME: PARALLEL ROAD TO EXISTING DALU BAGHMARA ROAD ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT First Draft : 06.01.2020 Revised on : June 2020 Prepared: BK Checked: BK/CB Approved: BPS 1 Table of Contents Executive Summary ........................................................................................................................................ 4 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 8 Background ................................................................................................................................................. 8 Purpose of ESIA Report ............................................................................................................................. 8 Objective and Scope of the EIA Study ....................................................................................................... 9 Approach and Methodology Adopted for EIA Study ................................................................................. 9 Caveats to EIA Study ................................................................................................................................ 12 Structure of EIA Document ...................................................................................................................... 12 2. Project Description ............................................................................................................................... 14 Brief Description of the Project Road ....................................................................................................... 14 Carriageway and Right of Way ................................................................................................................ 14 Pavement Conditions ................................................................................................................................ 14 Other Design Features .............................................................................................................................. 15 3. Policy, Legal and Administrative Frameworks .................................................................................... 16 Environmental Legal Framework ............................................................................................................. 16 World Bank Operational Policies and Environmental Requirements ....................................................... 19 4. Environmental Baseline Status ............................................................................................................. 22 Introduction and Methodology ................................................................................................................. 22 Physical Environment ............................................................................................................................... 22 Topography, Soil, Geology and Seismicity .............................................................................................. 22 Flood Plains .............................................................................................................................................. 23 Water Quality and Atmosphere ................................................................................................................ 23 Air Environment ....................................................................................................................................... 26 Biological Environment ............................................................................................................................ 28 5. Analysis of Alternatives ....................................................................................................................... 30 6. Potential Environmental Impacts and their Mitigation Management Plan ........................................... 31 6.1 Impacts on Physical Environment ...................................................................................................... 31 Impacts on Biological Environment ......................................................................................................... 36 Impacts on Community Sensitive Receptors and Health and Safety ........................................................ 36 Impacts on Occupational Health and Safety ............................................................................................. 39 7. Public Consultation and Disclosure ...................................................................................................... 43 8. Environmental Management Plan ........................................................................................................ 48 8.1 Environmental Management Plan ....................................................................................................... 48 Pre- construction activities by Project Implementation Unit and Contractor ........................................... 48 Pre-construction activities by the Contractor/ PIU ................................................................................... 49 Construction Stage (Activities to be carried out by the Contractor) ......................................................... 57 8.2 Environmental Monitoring Plan ......................................................................................................... 76 9. Implementation Arrangement ............................................................................................................... 82 8.1 Establishment of an Environmental and Social cell within the PWD ................................................. 82 8.2 Training and Capacity Building .......................................................................................................... 84 8.3 EMP Estimated Implementation Budget for project road section ...................................................... 85 Annex-2: Borrow area management guidelines ........................................................................................ 91 Annex-3: Guidelines For Storage, Handling And Disposal Of Hazardous Waste, Municipal Solid Waste And Construction And Demolition Waste ................................................................................................ 95 Annex 4- Guidance Note on Site Clearance ............................................................................................. 98 Annex 5: Construction Camp Management .............................................................................................. 99 Annex 6: Contractors Responsibility for COVID-19 and other Pandemics ........................................... 108 Annex 7: Attendance Sheet of public consultations ............................................................................... 110 List of Tables Table 1: Phase 1 - List of Roads ..................................................................................................................... 4 Table 2: Project Road Coordinates ................................................................................................................. 4 Table 3: MITP Phase - I Roads - West Meghalaya ......................................................................................... 8 Table 4: Sources of secondary information................................................................................................... 10 Table 5: Summary of existing carriageway ................................................................................................... 14 2 Table 6: Applicable Laws and Regulations of GoI, State ............................................................................. 16 Table 7: Gap Analysis WB Policies and Environmental Regulatory Compliance Requirements ................ 20 Table 8: Details of the stretches .................................................................................................................... 23 Table 9: Rivers/ Streams Crossing Across Project Road .............................................................................. 23 Table 10: Surface Water Quality ................................................................................................................... 24 Table 11: Groundwater Quality .................................................................................................................... 25 Table 12: Climatology Table (Nearest Station at Tura) ................................................................................ 26 Table 13: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Analysis ................................................................................... 27 Table 14: Noise Monitoring Observations .................................................................................................... 27 Table 15: CPCB Ambient Noise Standards .................................................................................................. 27 Table 16: Fishes in Bakali River ................................................................................................................... 28 Table 17: Soil erosion prone areas ................................................................................................................ 31 Table 18: Slope Protection Measures Parallel Road to existing Dalu Baghmara Road ...............................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A Compilation and Analysis of Food Plants Utilization of Sri Lankan Butterfly Larvae (Papilionoidea)
    MAJOR ARTICLE TAPROBANICA, ISSN 1800–427X. August, 2014. Vol. 06, No. 02: pp. 110–131, pls. 12, 13. © Research Center for Climate Change, University of Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia & Taprobanica Private Limited, Homagama, Sri Lanka http://www.sljol.info/index.php/tapro A COMPILATION AND ANALYSIS OF FOOD PLANTS UTILIZATION OF SRI LANKAN BUTTERFLY LARVAE (PAPILIONOIDEA) Section Editors: Jeffrey Miller & James L. Reveal Submitted: 08 Dec. 2013, Accepted: 15 Mar. 2014 H. D. Jayasinghe1,2, S. S. Rajapaksha1, C. de Alwis1 1Butterfly Conservation Society of Sri Lanka, 762/A, Yatihena, Malwana, Sri Lanka 2 E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Larval food plants (LFPs) of Sri Lankan butterflies are poorly documented in the historical literature and there is a great need to identify LFPs in conservation perspectives. Therefore, the current study was designed and carried out during the past decade. A list of LFPs for 207 butterfly species (Super family Papilionoidea) of Sri Lanka is presented based on local studies and includes 785 plant-butterfly combinations and 480 plant species. Many of these combinations are reported for the first time in Sri Lanka. The impact of introducing new plants on the dynamics of abundance and distribution of butterflies, the possibility of butterflies being pests on crops, and observations of LFPs of rare butterfly species, are discussed. This information is crucial for the conservation management of the butterfly fauna in Sri Lanka. Key words: conservation, crops, larval food plants (LFPs), pests, plant-butterfly combination. Introduction Butterflies go through complete metamorphosis 1949). As all herbivorous insects show some and have two stages of food consumtion.
    [Show full text]
  • \\Sanjaymolur\F\ZOOS'p~1\2005
    CATALOGUE ZOOS' PRINT JOURNAL 20(8): 1955-1960 Fauna of Protected Areas - 23: INSECT FAUNA OF PEECHI-VAZHANI WILDLIFE SANCTUARY, KERALA, INDIA George Mathew 1,2, R.S.M. Shamsudeen 1 and Rashmi Chandran 1 1 Division of Forest Protection, Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi, Kerala 680653, India Email: 2 [email protected] ABSTRACT transition zone between moist deciduous and evergreen forests. In a study on the insect fauna of Peechi-Vazhani Wildlife The vegetation of moist deciduous forests is characteristic in Sanctuary, 374 species of insects mostly belonging to that the trees of the upper canopy shed their leaves during the Lepidoptera, Coleoptera and Hemiptera were recorded. The fauna was rich and diverse and contained several rare and dry season from February to April. Xylia xylocarpa, Terminalia protected species. Among butterflies, of the 74 species bellerica, Terminalia tomentosa, Garuga pinnata, recorded, six species (Chilasa clytia, Appias lyncida, Appias Cinnamomum spp., Bridelia retusa, Grewia tiliaefolia and libythea, Mycalesis anaxias, Hypolimnas misippus and Haldina cordifolia are the common tree species. In the lower Castalius rosimon) are protected under the Indian Wildlife canopy, Ixora spp., Lantana camara and Clerodendrum spp. (Protection) Act. Similarly, four species of butterflies, Papilio buddha, Papilio polymnestor, Troides minos, and Cirrochroa occur as undergrowth. A considerable portion of the forest thais, recorded in this study are rare and restricted in area in this region has been converted to teak and eucalyptus distribution. The moth fauna is rich in arboreal feeding plantations by the Forest Department. A variety of wild animals forms indicating an undisturbed forest patch in the area.
    [Show full text]
  • Arthropods Diversity As Ecological Indicators of Agricultural
    Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2020; 8(4): 1745-1753 E-ISSN: 2320-7078 P-ISSN: 2349-6800 Arthropods diversity as ecological indicators of www.entomoljournal.com JEZS 2020; 8(4): 1745-1753 agricultural sustainability at la yaung taw, © 2020 JEZS Received: 05-05-2020 Naypyidaw union territory, Myanmar Accepted: 08-06-2020 Kyaw Lin Maung Biotechnology Research Department, Kyaw Lin Maung, Yin Yin Mon, Myat Phyu Khine, Khin Nyein Chan, Department of Research and Innovation, Ministry of Education (Science and Aye Phyoe, Aye Thandar Soe, Thae Yu Yu Han, Wah Wah Myo and Aye Technology), Kyauk-se, Myanmar Aye Khai Yin Yin Mon Biotechnology Research Department, Department of Research and Innovation, Ministry of Education (Science and Abstract Technology), Kyauk-se, Myanmar Arthropod diversity was considered as ecological indicators of sustainable agriculture and forest Myat Phyu Khine management. High-quality habitats have the relation with healthy ecosystem functioning. In this study, Biotechnology Research Department, we collected the 101 species of arthropods which consists of 40 species of butterflies, 19 species of flies, Department of Research and Innovation, 14 species of beetles, 10 species of grasshoppers, 7 species of wasps, 6 species of bugs, 3 species moths, Ministry of Education (Science and Technology), Kyauk-se, Myanmar 1 species of millipede and 1 species of centipede at la yaung taw, Naypyidaw union territory, Myanmar. Shannon-Wiener’s diversity indexes, Pielou’s Evenness Index (Equitability) and relative abundance in Khin Nyein Chan Biotechnology Research Department, arthropods were analyzed. Arthropod’s diversity index was observed as 1.717 while the evenness index Department of Research and Innovation, was 0.372.
    [Show full text]
  • Butterflies Diversity of Sunabeda Wildlife Sanctuary, Odisha, India
    Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2014; 2 (2): 39-44 ISSN 2320-7078 Butterflies Diversity of Sunabeda Wildlife JEZS 2014; 2 (2): 39-44 Sanctuary, Odisha, India © 2014 JEZS Received: 13-02-2014 Accepted: 21-03-2014 Nimain Charan Palei*, Bhakta P. Rath Nimain Charan Palei Research Scholar, O/o Principal Chief Conservator of Forest (Wildlife) & ABSTRACT Chief wildlife Warden, Odisha, Sunabeda Wildlife Sanctuary was east while in Kalahandi district and now in Nuapada district of Nayapalli, Bhubaneswar-751012, Odisha. The topography of the sanctuary is mostly dominated by dry deciduous forest on hill slopes, India Email: [email protected] valley, stream, river and waterfall, riparian vegetation along nala and grassland, meadows in plateaus and eleven beautiful water fall on seasonal streams of the Sanctuary. The survey yielded of 101 Bhakta P.Rath butterfly species, belonging to the families Nymphalidae, Pieridae, Lycaenidae, Papilionidae and Research Scholar, C/o Principal Chief Hesperiidae. Butterflies survey was undertaken along five different transect in the sanctuary for a Conservator of Forests (Wildlife) & period of five months. A total number of 101 species of having documented in five families Chief Wildlife Warden, Odisha, .Maximum number of species were observed in the family Nymphalidae (39%, n=101), followed by Nayapalli, Bhubaneswar-751012, Pieridae (11%), Lycaenidae (22%) and Papilionidae (14%) and Hesperidae (14%) respectively. India Keywords: Butterfly, random sampling, species diversity, Sunabeda Wildlife Sanctuary, Odisha, India. 1. Introduction The butterfly is a diverse insect, belonging to the class insecta and order Lepidoptera, There are five families in the class namely, Papilionidae, Pieridae, Lycaenidae, Nymphalidae and Butterflies are generally very colorful winged insects with an overlay of tiny scales which are arranged much as the tiles of a roof with each scale having a single colour pattern They are found in many colors and sizes.
    [Show full text]
  • Protected Lepidopteran Species (Insecta: Lepidoptera) in North-East of Romania
    Travaux du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle © 30 Juin Vol. LIV (1) pp. 115–123 «Grigore Antipa» 2011 DOI: 10.2478/v10191-011-0009-z PROTECTED LEPIDOPTERAN SPECIES (INSECTA: LEPIDOPTERA) IN NORTH-EAST OF ROMANIA CONSTANTIN CORDUNEANU Abstract. In the present paper references on the lepidopteran species in need of protection, specified in the EU Habitats Directive, as well as the species included in the Government Emergency Ordinance no. 57/2007 on the regime of the natural protected areas, the conservation of the natural habitats of flora and fauna have been made. Information is provided on the distribution and status of the protected population of Lepidoptera from Botoºani county (North-East of Romania). Résumé. Le travail présente les espèces de lépidoptères nécessitant protection prévues dans la directive Habitats de l’UE et les espèces inscrites dans l’Ordonnance d’urgence du Gouvernement no. 57/2007 sur le régime des zones naturelles protégées, la conservation des habitats naturels de la flore et de la faune. On fournit des informations sur la répartition et la situation actuelle des populations de lépidoptères protégées du département de Botoºani (Nord-Est de la Roumanie). C’est une contribution pour la future base de données qui comprendra toutes les espèces de lépidoptères protégées de Roumanie. Key words: Lepidoptera, North-East Romania, Habitats Directive, protection. INTRODUCTION Romania is considered an European country rich in insects. After the integration of Romania in the European Union the legal framework for the protection and the conservation of rare species was adopted. In the present work there have been made references to the species of Lepidoptera in need of protection specified in the EU Habitats Directive (92/43 EEC): - ANNEX 2 Animal and plant species of community interest whose conservation requires the designation of special areas of conservation; - ANNEX 4 Animal and plant species of community interest in need of strict protection.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Article (PDF)
    Advances in Biological Sciences Research, volume 11 Proceedings of the Joint Symposium on Tropical Studies (JSTS-19) Diversity and Community Pattern of Butterflies on Degraded Heath Forest in East Kalimantan Harmonis1,* Sutedjo1 1 Faculty of Forestry, Mulawarman University Jl. Ki Hajar Dewantara Kampus Gn. Kelua, Samarinda 75116, East Kalimantan, Indonesia *Corresponding author. Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT Heath forest is one unique ecosystem in tropical regions. Many biodiversities and their ecological characteristic in this ecosystem are still unknown by science, including butterflies. Therefore, the study was conducted to determine butterfly richness and diversity indices in every site on natural secondary and degraded heath forests. A field study was conducted in two localities in East Kalimantan, i.e. Muara Badak and Sebulu areas. In every locality was located three sites for data gathering. The butterfly data were collected by capturing specimens using aerial insect nets and baited traps in August–September 2017. In general, the species richness in all sites lacked compared to the lowland forest habitat. During the study, only 200 individuals in 34 species were recorded in total. Calculation of Fisher’s alpha showed the diversity of butterflies in study sites in the range 2.28–16.35. Twenty-four main species spread in the study sites. Eight species showed strong fidelity for degraded heath forest habitats, moreover, Neptis hylas prefer fewer trees, and Mycalesis fuscum prefers denser trees. Meanwhile, there was no apparent taxonomical composition pattern, except family Nymphalidae with subfamilies Satyrinae and Limenitidinae, which showed superior in all sites. Other finding showed that the density of trees was affected to the geographic distribution of butterfly species; the denser trees appeared narrow distribution species, more prefer to Sundaland, and the sites with fewer trees appeared more comprehensive distribution species, more prefer to Oriental Region.
    [Show full text]
  • Patterns of Diversity, Abundance and Habitat Associations of Butterfly Communities in Heterogeneous Landscapes of the Department
    International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation Vol. 2(4), pp. 75-85, April 2010 Available online http://www.academicjournals.org/ijbc ISSN 2141-243X ©2010 Academic Journal Full Length Research Paper Patterns of diversity, abundance and habitat associations of butterfly communities in heterogeneous landscapes of the department of atomic energy (DAE) campus at Kalpakkam, South India T. Ramesh1, K. Jahir Hussain2, M. Selvanayagam1, K. K. Satpathy2* and M. V. R. Prasad2 1Loyola Institute of Frontier Energy (LIFE), Loyola College, Chennai- 600 034, India. 2Environmental and Industrial Safety Section, Safety Group, Indira Gandhi, Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam- 603102, India. Accepted 28 January, 2010 The diversity of butterflies inhabiting the department of atomic energy campus at Kalpakkam was recorded through a modified line transect methodology by setting a permanent line transect of 300m and recoding all species of butterflies observed within a five meter distance around the observer. Five habitats within the campus viz., Garden, Scrub jungle, Riparian woods, Sandy area and Casuarina plantation (Monoculture) were evaluated for analysis of the association of the butterfly species with the habitat. A total of 1908 individuals representing 55 species were observed across the five habitat types. Out of these, members belonging to the family Nymphalidae was the most common with 20 species being recorded accounting for 36.3% of total species and 53.6% of total number of individuals collected. The maximum diversity and abundance was observed in the scrub jungle and garden area; these two habitats sharing 29 species among themselves. The species accumulation curve and rarefaction curves computed indicated the likelihood of encountering more number of species in the campus had inventory been more rigorous and extended.
    [Show full text]
  • Lespedeza Cuneata
    Lespedeza cuneata Lespedeza cuneata Chinese lespedeza, bush clover Introduction Approximately 60 species constitute the genus Lespedeza, which occurs from East Asia to Northeast Australia and North America. The members of this genus are tolerant of arid environments, and consequently are often planted to prevent soil erosion. Twenty-six species of the genus have been reported from China[91]. Species of Lespedeza in China Growth habit of Lespedeza cuneata. (Photo Scientific Name Scientific Name by James H. Miller, USDA-FS.) L. bicolor Turcz. L. forrestii Schindl. pubescent. The petiole measures less L. buergeri Miq. L. inschanica (Maxim.) Schindl. than 10 mm in length. The stipule is L. caraganae Bunge L. juncea (L.f.) Pers. rhomboid and persistent. From July to L. chinensis G. Don L. maximowizii Schneid. August, racemes emerge from the leaf axil bearing two to four flowers each. L. cuneata (Dum.-Cours.) G. Don L. mucronata Rick. The apetalous flowers occur in clusters L. cyrtobotrya Miq. L. patens Nakai having two narrow branchlets, above L. daurica (Laxm.) Schindl. L. pilosa (Thunb.) Sieb. et Zucc. which is the narrowly campanulate calyx, with five lanceolate pubescent lobes. L. davidii Franch. L. potaninii Vass. The corolla is light yellow to white; the L. dunnii Schindl. L. pubescens Hayata keel is violet-spotted at the base, and longer than the standard and the wing, L. fasciculiflora Franch. L. tomentosa (Thunb.) Sieb. ex Maxim. both of which are about 7 mm long. L. floribunda Bunge L. viatorum Champ. ex Benth. The pubescent pod is broadly ovoid or L. fordli Schindl. L. virgata (Thunb.) DC.
    [Show full text]
  • Notes on the Acoustic Signals of a Neotropical Satyrid Butterfly
    Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society 36(3), 1982, 200-206 NOTES ON THE ACOUSTIC SIGNALS OF A NEOTROPICAL SATYRID BUTTERFLY STEPHANIE KANE Department of Zoology, The University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712* ABSTRACT. Acoustical signalling is documented for the satyrid, Pharneuptychia \. nr. pharnabazos. The clicking sounds are produced during specific flight behaviors. The sounds have been identified from males only to date, but no structures or mech- anisms for producing the sounds were identified. Sound production in butterflies is a sporadic phenomenon, largely reported in the genus Hamadryas (Nymphalidae) (Darwin, 1871; Fruhstorfer, 1924; Ehrlich & Ehrlich, 1961; Ross, 1963). Audible clicking sounds in flight are characteristic of this group, hence the common name of "crackers." The nature of their sound producing mechanism is as yet unresolved (Swihart, 1967). Acoustic signalling has also been observed in Neptis hylas (Linnaeus) (Nymphalidae) (Scott, 1968), which produces a slow clicking sound by snapping to­ gether its forelegs while in a resting position. This paper presents the first documented evidence of acoustic signalling in a satyrid butterfly. The signals consist of bursts of clicking sounds emitted during ritu­ alized flight behavior. The butterfly was identified as Pharneuptychia nr. pharnabazos by Dr. Keith Brown; however, the specimens appear quite similar to the plates in Seitz, Volume 5 (Plate 48d) called Eup­ tychia pharella (Butler) (Satyridae). For the purposes of discussion, I will call it Pharneuptychia nr. pharnabazos, although the identity is uncertain at this point. Field Site and Method Sound production was documented in the adult Pharneuptychia nr. \ pharnabazos between 0800 and 1000 h from 31 March to 4 April 1980 near the town of Senador Pompeu in the state of Ceara in northeastern Brazil (6 0 S latitude, 39°W longitude).
    [Show full text]
  • Butterfly Fauna of Government Arts & Science College Campus, Kozhikode, Kerala
    NOTE ZOOS' PRINT JOURNAL 21(3): 2263-2264 Iambrix salsala, Appias albina and Graphium agamemnon were seen rarely. Two species viz., Y. baldus and Curetis thetis BUTTERFLY FAUNA OF GOVERNMENT were very rare. ARTS & SCIENCE COLLEGE CAMPUS, Eventhough, the family Nymphalidae exhibited the maximum KOZHIKODE, KERALA species diversity, family Pieridae showed maximum species density. Out of the four species of butterflies observed under Alphonsa Xavier Pieridae, three species, viz., C. Pomona, L. nina and E. hecabe occurred in large numbers. Among the members of the family Selection Grade Lecturer, Government Arts & Science College, Nympahlidae, E. core, showed the maximum density. Among Kozhikode, Kerala 673018, India Papilionidae P. aristolochiae though exhibited a moderate Email: [email protected] density, was much less than that of the already mentioned species. All others occurred in varying numbers. Three species Government Arts & Science College, located in the heart of of butterflies recorded from the campus have protected status Kozhikode District in Kerala State, possesses a botanical garden under the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972. The Great Eggfly, and a medicinal garden. There are about 250 species of plants Hypolimnas misippus and the Crimson Rose, Pachiliopta present in these gardens, which support a wide variety of hector are protected under Schedule I Part IV, while the Common butterfly species. A preliminary survey for butterflies was Albatross, Appias albina under Schedule II Part II. So far, 322 carried out by making daily observations in the morning (from species of butterflies have been recorded from Kerala (Jaffer 0800 to 1000hr) and evening (from 1500 to 1700hr) from June Palot et al., 2003; Mani, 1997).
    [Show full text]
  • Studies on Butterfly Diversity in Adichanalloor Village, Kollam
    Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2017; 5(5): 73-81 E-ISSN: 2320-7078 P-ISSN: 2349-6800 JEZS 2017; 5(5): 73-81 Studies on butterfly diversity in Adichanalloor © 2017 JEZS Village, Kollam District, Kerala Received: 11-07-2017 Accepted: 12-08-2017 Lekshmi Priya Lekshmi Priya, Varunprasath Krishnaraj, Janaranjini, Sutharsan and Department of Zoology, PSG Lakeshmanaswamy College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India Abstract Varunprasath Krishnaraj The present investigation was carried out to study butterfly diversity in Adichanalloor Village, Kollam Department of Zoology, PSG district in Kerala, for the period of November 2016 to March 2017. Results showed that 79 species of College of Arts and Science, butterflies representing 5 major families were recorded. Family Nymphalidae showed the maximum Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India number of species followed by Lycanidae 13 species, Papilionidae 10 species, Pieridae 9 species and Hesperiidae 7 species. Among these families abundance of butterfly species in maximum in garden area Janaranjini (GI) with 21 species, followed by agrifield (GIII) (17 species), pond region (GV) (16 species), grassland Department of Zoology, PSG College of Arts and Science, (GII) (13 species) and shrubs and herbs (GIV) (12 species).Based on IUCN list, 49 species were Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India common(C), 27 species, uncommon (UC) and 3 species under rare category. According to monthly wise distribution of butterflies, maximum numbers of butterflies were recorded in November (32 species) Sutharsan followed by a December (21 species), January (12 species) and least in the month of March (8 species). Department of Zoology, PSG College of Arts and Science, Keywords: distribution, butterflies, Adichanalloor village, Kollam district, abundance.
    [Show full text]
  • A Review of West Himalayan Neptini (Nymphalidae)
    VOLUME 65, NUMBER 3 153 Journal of the Lepidopterists’ Society 65(3), 2011, 153–161 A REVIEW OF WEST HIMALAYAN NEPTINI (NYMPHALIDAE) PETER SMETACEK The Butterfly Research Centre, The Retreat, Jones Estate, Bhimtal, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India, PIN 263 136; email: [email protected] ABSTRACT. Neptini reliably recorded from the Western Himalaya are listed. A new subspecies, Neptis clinia praedicta ssp. n. and two new combinations, Neptis nata yerburii Butler comb. n. and Neptis capnodes pandoces Eliot comb. n., are proposed, Neptis capnodes Fruhstorfer is raised to species rank and the distribution of several subspecies is extended. Additional key words: Neptis, palatability, Neptis clinia praedicta ssp. n., Neptis nata yerburii Butler comb. n., Neptis capnodes capnodes Fruhstorfer stat. n.; Neptis capnodes pandoces Eliot comb. n. Progressing from east to west, the Himalayan range Two species, Neptis manasa Moore and Neptis west of Nepal is divided into the Kumaon Himalaya jumbah Moore have been excluded, although they have with Nainital as the principal town; the Garhwal been reported from the Kumaon Himalaya by Atkinson Himalaya, with Mussoorie and Dehra Dun as the (1882). There are no extant specimens of either species principal towns; Himachal Pradesh with Shimla and from this area. However, some typically Eastern Kulu as the principal towns; Kashmir, with Jammu the Himalayan butterfly species that had been reported by principal town in the outer ranges, and the Pakistan earlier workers but were not recorded for most of the Himalaya, with the hill station of Murree. This area is 20th century have re-appeared during the last two known as the Western Himalaya (fig.
    [Show full text]