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Technology Solutions for Wind Integration in Ercot

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Technology Solutions for Wind Integration in Ercot TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS FOR WIND INTEGRATION IN ERCOT FINAL TECHNICAL REPORT Rev 0 Chg 1 February 23, 2015 SUBMITTED FOR COOPERATIVE AGREEMENT DE-OE0000194 PREPARED FOR U. S. Department of Energy National Energy Technology Laboratory PREPARED BY Center for the Commercialization of Electric Technologies 114 West 7th Street, Suite 1210 Austin, Texas 78701 CCET Technology Solutions for Wind Integration in ERCOT Final Technical Report Disclaimer This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof. Acknowledgment This material is based upon work supported by the Department of Energy (DOE) under Award Number DE-OE-0000194. ii CCET Technology Solutions for Wind Integration in ERCOT Final Technical Report Revision History Version Identifier Date of Issue Summary of Changes Rev 0 Chg 1 February 23, 2015 In addition to minor edits, this version includes the following updates: • Page 2 – updated graph and statistics on wind installations • Page 6 – updated counts of phasor measurement units • Page 19 – updated the image • Page 37 – added explanations for bid caps and standard cost • Page 46 – added project summary and conclusions • Page 64 – updated graph and statistics on wind installations • Page 76 – updated counts of phasor measurement units • Page 144 – clarified the meaning of revenue neutral • Page 191 – added explanations for bid caps and standard cost • Pages 257-264 – increased the size of turbine daily average plots • Pages 273-277 – improved wording and images for the battery cases • Page 324 – added project summary section Rev 0 Chg 0 February 1, 2015 Final Technical Report submitted to DOE iii CCET Technology Solutions for Wind Integration in ERCOT Final Technical Report Table of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................................................... 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................... 1 Wind Power in Texas ................................................................................................................................. 2 Project Location – Texas ............................................................................................................................ 3 Project Scope - Leverage Existing and Emerging Technology Resources .................................................. 5 Improving Grid Reliability with Synchrophasors ....................................................................................... 5 Security Fabric for Protection of Synchrophasor and Other Grid Systems ............................................. 10 Battery System Deployment on a Distribution System ........................................................................... 13 Pricing Incentives for Reshaping Residential Load .................................................................................. 22 Solar Community-Grid Compatibility Challenges .................................................................................... 28 Direct Load Control Enhancement via Dual Communication Paths ........................................................ 33 Fast Response Regulation Service using Fleet Electric Trucks ................................................................ 38 Key Lessons Learned from Discovery Across Texas ................................................................................. 46 Summary and Conclusions of the CCET Project ...................................................................................... 46 1. INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 55 2. SCOPE .................................................................................................................................... 56 2.1 CCET ............................................................................................................................................... 56 2.2 Overall Project Description ............................................................................................................ 56 2.3 Team Members .............................................................................................................................. 57 2.3.1 CCET ....................................................................................................................................... 58 2.3.2 DOE-Funded Partners ............................................................................................................ 58 2.3.3 Cost Share Only Partners ...................................................................................................... 60 2.3.4 Other Partners Providing Unfunded Technical Assistance or Oversight ............................... 62 2.3.5 CCET Advisory Boards ............................................................................................................ 63 2.4 Project Overview ............................................................................................................................ 63 2.4.1 Project Location .................................................................................................................... 65 2.4.2 Original Plan for Achieving Project Objectives ...................................................................... 66 2.4.3 Revised Plan for Achieving Project Objectives ...................................................................... 67 2.4.4 Project Timeline .................................................................................................................... 68 2.4.5 Key Project Milestones .......................................................................................................... 69 2.4.6 Key Decision Points ............................................................................................................... 70 2.5 Major Demonstration Components and Smart Grid Technologies and Systems .......................... 71 2.6 Basic Interoperability and Cyber Security Approach ..................................................................... 72 iv CCET Technology Solutions for Wind Integration in ERCOT Final Technical Report 2.6.1 Interoperability ..................................................................................................................... 72 2.6.2 Cyber Security ....................................................................................................................... 73 3. SYNCHROPHASOR MONITORING, VISUALIZATION AND EVENT REPORTING ....................... 75 3.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 75 3.2 Anticipated Benefits ....................................................................................................................... 77 3.3 Interactions with Key Stakeholders ............................................................................................... 77 3.4 Technical Approach ........................................................................................................................ 78 3.4.1 Project Plan ........................................................................................................................... 78 3.4.2 Data Collection and Benefits Analysis ................................................................................... 81 3.5 Performance Results ...................................................................................................................... 82 3.5.1 Operation of Smart Grid Technologies and Systems ............................................................ 82 3.5.2 Metrics and Benefits Analysis ............................................................................................. 101 3.5.3 Stakeholder Feedback ......................................................................................................... 103 3.6 Conclusions .................................................................................................................................. 103 3.6.1 Projections of Demonstration and Commercial Scale System Performance ...................... 103 3.6.2 Lessons Learned and Best Practices .................................................................................... 104 4. SYNCHROPHASOR SECURITY FABRIC .................................................................................. 105 4.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 105 4.2 Anticipated Benefits ....................................................................................................................
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