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An Ontogenetic Study of Illicium Floridanum (Ellis) with Emphasis on Stamen and Carpel Development

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An Ontogenetic Study of Illicium Floridanum (Ellis) with Emphasis on Stamen and Carpel Development Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses Graduate School 1973 An Ontogenetic Study of Illicium Floridanum (Ellis) With Emphasis on Stamen and Carpel Development. Richard Earl Robertson Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses Recommended Citation Robertson, Richard Earl, "An Ontogenetic Study of Illicium Floridanum (Ellis) With Emphasis on Stamen and Carpel Development." (1973). LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses. 2494. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses/2494 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS This material was produced from a microfilm copy of the original document. While the most advanced technological means to photograph and reproduce this document have been used, the quality is heavily dependent upon the quality of the original submitted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help you understand markings or patterns which may appear on this reproduction. 1. The sign or "target" for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is "Missing Page(s)". If it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting thru an image and duplicating adjacent pages to insure you complete continuity. 2. When an image on the film is obliterated with a large round black mark, it is an indication that the photographer suspected that the copy may have moved during exposure and thus cause a blurred image. You will find a good image of the page in the adjacent frame. 3. When a map, drawing or chart, etc., was part of the material being photographed the photographer followed a definite method in "sectioning" the material. It is customary to begin photoing at the upper left hand corner of a large sheet and to continue photoing from left to right in equal sections with a small overlap. If necessary, sectioning is continued again — beginning below the first row and continuing on until complete. 4. The majority of users indicate that the textual content is of greatest value, however, a somewhat higher quality reproduction could be made from "photographs" if essential to the understanding of die dissertation. Silver prints of "photographs" may be ordered at additional charge by writing the Order Department, giving the catalog number, title, author and specific pages you wish reproduced. 5. PLEASE NOTE: Some pages may have indistinct print. Filmed as received. Xerox University Microfilms 300 North Zeeb Road Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. I I 74-7256 ROBERTSON, Richard E a rl, 1941- AN ONTOGENETIC STUDY OF ILLICIUM FLORIDANUM ELLIS WITH EMPHASIS ON STAMEN AND CARPEL DEVELOPMENT. The Louisiana State University andAgricultural and Mechanical College, Ph.D., 1973 Botany University Microfilms, A XEROXC o m p a n y, Ann Arbor, Michigan © 1973 RICHARD EARL ROBERTSON ALL RIGHTS RESERVED THIS DISSERTATION HAS BEEN MICROFILMED EXACTLY AS RECEIVgp. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. AN ONTOGENETIC STUDY OF ILLICIUM FLORIDANUM ELLIS WITH EMPHASIS ON STAMEN AND CARPEL DEVELOPMENT A D issertation Submitted to the Graduate School of the Louisiana State University Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in The Department of Botany by Richard Earl Robertson B.S., College of the Ozarks, 1965 M.S., Northeast Louisiana University, 1968 August 1973 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. ACKNOWLEDGMENT The author expresses sincere appreciation to his inajor professor. Dr- Shirley C. Tucker, for her guidance, patience, and understanding throughout the course of this study and during the preparation of this dissertation. He is also indebted to Dr. Charles A. Schexnayder for his continued help and encouragement during the entire course of this stu d y . Appreciation is also extended to the members of his com­ mittee: Dr. Antonios Antonopoulos, Dr. William J. Blackmon, and Dr. Walter J. Harman. Thanks are also extended to Mr. Emory Smith, who graciously provided the specimens for this study from his nursery in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. A very special thanks goes to his wife, Pat, for her continued support and understanding throughout his entire graduate s tu d ie s . i i Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ACKNOWLEDGEMENT........................................................................................................... i i ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................................ v INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................... 1 MATERIALS AND METHODS............................................................................................ 3 RESULTS............................................................................................................................. 5 Organography ...................................................................................................... 5 Floral Ontogeny ............................................................................................. 10 Comparison of Vegetative and Floral Apices ..................... 10 B racts and B r a c te o le s ...................................................................... 13 T e p a l s ...................................................................................................... 14 Early Ontogeny.......................................................................... 14 Procambium Development........................................................ 16 V a s c u la riz a tio n ...................................................................... 17 Lamina Development ................................................................. 17 Stam ens...................................................................................................... 18 Early Ontogeny.......................................................................... 18 Procambium Development........................................................ 20 V a s c u la riz a tio n ...................................................................... 20 Microsporogenesis ................................................................. 21 Anther Wall Development ................................................... 22 D eh iscen c e ................................................................................... 22 i i i Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Page C a r p e ls ........................................................................................................................ 22 I n i t i a t i o n .......................................................................................... 22 Carpel Maturation ........................................................................ 23 Camel!& arv* Vasculature............................................................... 25 Procambium Development............................................................... 27 Vascularization ............................................................................ 27 Ovule Development........................................................................ 28 M egasporogenesis............................................................................. 29 Megagametophyte Development ................................................. 30 Seed and Fruit Development............................................................... 31 The Apical Residuum.......................................................................... 32 DISCUSSION AND REVIEW OF LITERATURE.................................................................... 35 History and Naming of the Genus........................................................ 35 Systematics and Geographical Distribution ................................ 35 Relationships ................................................................................................. 36 The Nature of the Flower......................................................................... 37 The Nature of the Perianth..................................................................... 41 The Nature of the Stamen.......................................................................... 43 The Nature of the Carpel .......................................................................... 44 The Apical Residuum................................................................................... 46 LITERATURE C ITED ...................................................................................................... 49 PLATE LEGENDS............................................................................................................... 53 VITA .......................................................................................................................................
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