How to Integrate Europe The Fallacy in the Schuman Plan Wilhelm Ropke Russia's Three Bears Maneuvers 0/ Malenkov, Beria, and Bulganin Alexander Weissberg Peace Without Victory? An Editorial We built our own Pikes Peaks to IJn.;t"nlJlJrJlJtter car tmnsmissions THEY'RE called-in engineering language- formance of General Motors famous automatic Uelectronically variable dynamometers." And transmissions-Powerglide in Chevrolet; Hydra. -when this picture was taken-a transmission was Matic in Pontiac, Oldsmobile and Cadillac; being given the works under precisely the same Twin·Turbine Dynaflow in Buick. Not to mention conditions it would meet on a Pikes Peak climb, GM's automatic Army truck and tank transmis· including every single hairpin turn and road sions now proving their worth in Korea. grade. Here, then, is a typical example of the way GM What's more, the performance of the transmission engineers make use of every available material, is recorded even more exact!y than it could ever every practical method-even develop new mate· be on an actual trip up the mountain. rials and new methods - to build better, more Result: more knowledge added to the fund of economical products for you. In fact, it is this information about automatic transmissions which continuous engineering ingenuity and resource· our engineers have been uncovering since back in fulness which make the key to a Generttl Motors 1927. And a continuous improvement in the per. car-your key to greater value. GENERAl MOTORS "Your Key to Greater Value-the Key to a General Motors Car" CHEVROLET • PONTIAC • OLDSMOBILE • BUICK • CADILLAC • All with Body by Fisher • GMC TRUCK & COACH THE A. Fortnightly Our Contributors For ALEXANDER WEISSBERG, former member of the Individualists Communist Party, was arrested in Russia in rreeman the Great Purge of 1937 and charged with having recruited Nazi terrorists to assassinate Editor HENRY HAZLITT Stalin and Voroshilov in the event of war, and Managing Editor FLORENCE NORTON to sabotage industrial plants. He "confessed" to these crimes and lived to tell the tale in his book, The Accused, published in America by Simon & Schuster in 1951. "Russia's Three Bears" appears in the FREEMAN by arrange­ Contents V,OL. 3, N'O. 17 MAY 18,1953 ment with Time and Tide of London. WILHELM ROPKE, eminent European economist, Editorials is a member of the faculty of the Institut des The Fortnight. .................................... .. 581 Hautes Etudes at Geneva, Switzerland. Among Peace Without Victory?............................ 583 his books that have been translated into Eng­ Built-in Bureaucrats. .............................. .. 584 lish are The Social Crisis fiJi Our Time and Civitas Humana. What Point Four Leads To.......................... 585 One Plan for Economy. ............................ .. 585 JOSEPH MEISEDER is the pseudonym of a promi­ P'lay Ball!.......................................... 586 nent Austrian public offici,al, residing in Vienna. L. D. MC DONALD, a native of Kansas and an Articles engineer, is well qualified by personal experi­ Russia's Three Bears ALEXANDER WEISSBERG 587 ence to speak authoritatively on both sides of Austria's Elections JOSEPH MEISEDER 591 the flood control question. From 1942 to 1951 he was chief engineer and chief of construc­ How to Integrate Europe WILHELM ROPKE 593 tion for the Kansas City District of the Corps She Read It in the Papers VICTOR LASKY 596 of Engineers. During those years he witnessed The Kansas Experiment L. D. MC DONALD 598 and fought floods from the head waters of the Missouri to the lower Mississippi. He resigned Books and the Arts from the Corps of Engineers in 1951 so that Our Most Ticklish Problem MAX EASTMAN 600 he might be free, as he wrote us recently, to speak publicly of his "lack of agreement with Economics Too Exciting LUDWIG VON MISES 602 the enormous and wasteful spending in both Fighting Mad WILLIAM HENRY CHAMBERLIN 602 civil and military programs of the Army." Uncommon Common Sense BENRAY REDMAN 604 Positive Political Warfare JAMES BURNHAM 604 BURTON CRANE is a financial and business news Our Economic System BURTON CRANE 605 writer for the New York Times. HELEN WOODWARD Mind Over Drama 606 JEROME MELLQUIST, art critic and lecturer, sent Lanny Comes Back HAL LEHRMAN 606 us his tribute to Raoul Dufy from Paris, where That H;Mysterious" Arabia H. W. 607 he is now living. A Lot of Book H. W. 607 Dance ALEXANDER MARSHACK 608 GUSTAV DAVIDSON has won a number of awards in poetry, among them the gold medal of the Art JEROME MELLQUIST 609 Alexander Droutzkoy Memorial given annually by the Poetry Society of America. He is Poems founder and director of the Fine Editions Mort'a'lity WITTER BYNNER 592 Press in New York City. To a Lovely Lady WITTER BYNNER, one of America's most famous of Another Nationality ANDERSON M. SCRUGGS 595 poets, is author of some twenty-odd volumes of So Homer Sang, So Aesehylus GUSTAV DAVIDSON 599 verse and plays, in addition to a number of translations of French and Chinese poets. His From Our Readers. ......... .. ..................... .. 610 most recent book is Journey With Genius (1952), in which he presents a character por­ trait of his friend, D. H. Lawrence, and de- scribes their travels together through New THE FREEMAN is published fortnightly. Publication Office, Orange, Conn. Editorial and' General Offices, 240 Madison Avenue, New York 16, N. Y. Copyrighted in the United Mexico and Mexico. States, 1953, by the Freeman Magazine, Inc. Henry Hazlitt, Pr;esident; Lawrence Fertig, Vice President; Claude Robinson, Secretary; Kurt Lassen, Treasurer. ANDERSON M. SCRUGGS, the third of our trio of Entered as second class matter at the Post Office at Orange, Conn. Rates: Twenty-five cents the copy; five dollars a year in the United States; nine dollars for two years; distinguished poets in this issue, truly leads a six dollars a year elsewhere. double life, for besides writing poetry, he is a The editors can not be responsible for unsolicited manuscripts unless return postage or, full time Professor of Dentistry at Emory better, a stamped, self-addressed envelope is enclosed. University in Atlanta, Ga. With the sonnet, Articles signed with a name, pseudonym, or initials do not necessarily represent the opinion of the editors, either as to substance or style. To a Lovely Lady (page 595), he makes his ~ Printed in U.S.A., by Wilson H. Lee Co., Orange, Connecticut. first appearance in the FREEMAN. de ~;f11en Ing: ive reform the TRANSPO STRY lmprove the machinery for adiust­ tation must pay the full cost of ing railroad rates-either upward that form of transportation, in­ ilor downward-to do away with cluding their fair share of the the long costly delays that the cost of whatever public facilities present system entails. they use. Change the "rule of rate making" Eliminate the long-and-short-haul in the Interstate Commerce Act, I clause of the present law, which ~. directing the Interstate Commerce ~ applies only to the railroads and Commission to consider the effects on that basis alone is discrimina- of proposed rates on the main~ tory. tenance of railroad credit-rather than on railroad traffic volume. Grant greater freedom for the railroads to abandon passenger ~ Write into law a statement of ittrains which do not and can not 'r' policy that all users of transpor· be mad~ to pay their way. This legislation can not be considered a panacea for all the ills of railroads and railroad management, which only alert, progressive management and uninhibited thinking can cure. CHESAPEAKE AND OHIO RAILWAY reemanTHE MONDAY, MAY 18, 1953 for forei,gn aid in new money. We still don't know The Fortnight just what the justification is for the other $5,800,­ 000,000. Apparently the Truman 1954 budget needs It is difficult to find much consistency in the a more realistic scrutiny than it has yet received. decision of Federal Distrh:~t Judge Luther W. Youngdahl which dismissed four counts of a seven­ In our last issue we recalled here the apparently count perjury indictment against Owen Lattimore. forgotten state,ment of November 15, 1951, by A large part of the decision consisted of an irrele­ Colonel JamesA. Hanley" Judge Advoeate General vant oration on freedom of spee'Ch, ,whereas the of the Eighth Army, that 3,600 United States question at iRsue, as Sen1ator Watkins has pointed prisoners of 'war were s'laughtered by North Ko­ out, was simply whether Lattimore had lied' to a reans and another 2,513 by the Chinese Commu­ Senate committee and, if so, whether he had lied nists. There was a mysterious silence in Washing­ a1bout material matter. ton about this statement when negotiiations on ex­ change of prisoners were recently resumed. Now When Judge Youngdahl threw out four counts of that some of the American prisoners of war are the perjury indictment, it is a little hard to see back, Colonel Hanley's statements have received why he failed to throw out the other three on the sickening confirmation. In the New York Times of same reiasoning. He seems to have been a little April 30 appeared an Associated Press dispateh puzzled wbout this himself. Even the'Se three counts quoting a few of these prisoners: "One said 800 may not "pass the test of materia'lity so as to helpless wounded had been shot or bayonetted in a present a jury issue," he said. "But this must await forty-truck convoy in 1950. Another prisoner said the trial." Well, why 'Couldn't the jury have had 300 Americans, out of 4,000 to 5,000 who ,started, the opportunity to hear all seven counts, and miake died ina 'death march' that same winter. The' sick its own decision on each at the trial? The original and laggard were clurbbed with rifle butts and left perjury charges against Owen Lattimore were on the road to die in the great cold, thi'S prisoner made ,by a hi-partisan Senate committee with some added.