DOCSLIB.ORG

Some Sign I Ficant New Applications of Computers

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Some Sign I Ficant New Applications of Computers SOME SIGN IFICANT NEW APPLICATIONS OF COMPUTERS Mathematical Models of Air Traffic Control Systems Management and Control By Exception Automated Information­ Processing Assistance For Military Systems (Part 1 ) NOVEMBER 1961 • VOL. 10 - . NO. 11 ."I•• H( AD "W INFINITUM 8y~ ord t. :l all You can solve your computer problems quickly and economically by using our 32K-word storage IBM 704. the our Whether you need long or short runs, they can be readily scheduled on our machine at the same attractive dat rate for every shift-$275 per hour, including all peripheral equipment and the services of our experienced tod operators - Bring your program to us and work in our Client's Room between runs-or mail us your program "8: 8Yf with instructions for running it and we will mail back the printout within 24 hours - or simply leave your rep entire problem in the hands of our capable mathematical analysts and programmers whose skills can be relied upon _ If you need pipe stress, structural stress, flow analysis, or curve fitting, one of our 2eneral programs might well be just what you are looking for - To take advantage of our prompt, efficient computer NC services, call us collect, New London, Conn., Hilltop 5-4321, Ext. 1449. Wire or write: Electric Boat, Groton, Conn. GENERAL DVNAMIC~,.I ELECTRIC BOAT GI I I D COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for November, 1961 co ncr, Vest lrp., sing staI, . Y. ally, An am­ [nc., om- lCOll lrp., ling ,Ito, ich. cir- eIcI, 'A alII, 30S­ ical ate, 30s­ star Ol­ esty rep. e / :ter, rp., sys- ng­ '. / een lng, icaI Philco 2000 Computers lta- ... unmatched for speed, capacity and reliability Matrix inversion provides a good measure of computer Urepeat" instruction, which eliminates Hhousekeeping" speed for scientific applications. The time a computer in the inner loop; variety of instructions (59 floating ing ,; requires to solve problems of this type is significant be­ point commands); and numerous index registers. What's ) / 'I cause they occur in so many different applications and more, because of the 48-bit word length, the matrix in­ t. because of the magnitude of the computations involved. version sub-routine provides high precision and occupies rk, For example, to invert a matrix of order 100 involves 1 only 109 words of memory! million multiplications and 1 million additions. So, check the times on the chart~you'll see that you age . Phil co 2000 Electronic Data Processing Systems can can get things done faster • • • you'll accomplish more perform matrix inversion in the times shown in the chart with one of the Philco 2000 series of computers ... com­ l/ because of their extremely fast arithmetic speeds; puters with the fastest over-all system speeds. ter PH I LCO 2000 ••• the computers that changed the industry. / PHILCO CORPORATION. GOVERNMENT AND INDUSTRIAL GROUP COMPUTER DIVISION, 3900 WELSH ROAD, WILLOW GROVE, PA. 49 ;/ 16, Challenging positions exist at Philco for Senior Computer Specialists 961 VISIT PHILCO'S. BOOTH 56 AT THE E.J.C.C. 2,99 p pl CUM u T h R s Y n: 2,99 and AUTOMATION N / 2,99 / COMPUTERS AND DATA PROCESSORS, AND THEIR CONSTRUCTION, m 2,99 APPLICATIONS, AND IMPLICATIONS, INCLUDING AUTOMATION M / cl Volume 10 Established <ll Number 11 NOVEMBER, 1961 1951 .' 2,99 September, C fc gl 2,99 1\1 EDMUND C. BERKELEY Editor Some Significant New Applications PATRICK J. McGOVERN Assistant Editor <ll 2,99 NEIL D. MACDONALD Assistant Editor of Computers 17 o MOSES M. BERLIN Assistant Editor o Ie CONTRIBUTING EDITORS ANDREW D. BOOTH FRONT COVER 2,9S NED CHAPIN C Computer Control of 34 Generating Units III 9 Plants 1, 6 II JOHN W. CARR, III ci ALSTON S. HOUSEHOLDER 2,9£ ACROSS THE EDITOR'S DESK a ADVISORY COMMITTEE ]'. News of Computers and Data Processors. 25 / MORTON M. ASTRAHAN 2,9~ HOWARD T. ENGSTROM ARTICLES si GEORGE E. FORSYTHE ]'. RICHARD W. HAMMING Ma them a tical Models of Air Traffic Control Systems, 2,9~ p ALSTON S. HOUSEHOLDER PETER KUGEL . 10 ]'. HERBERT F. MITCHELL, JR. Management and Control by Exception, OWEN SMITH 37 SALES AND SERVICE DIRECTOR Automated Information-Processing Assistance For Mili­ 2,9~ S PA TRICK J. McGOVERN tary Systems, Part 1, M. O. KAPPLER. 42 1 815 Washington St. il Newtonville 60, Mass. 2,9! READERS' AND EDITOR'S FORUM / DEcatur 2-5453 g Professor Howard Aiken . 6 r, ADVERTISING REPRESENTATIVES Continuing Discussion of Social Responsibilities of Com­ 2,9! I Los Angeles 5 WENTWORTH F. GREEN puter People: Counterbalancing Efforts, MILTON H. 1\ 439 So. Western Ave. DUnkirk 7-8135 ARONSON and THE EDITOR 6 P San Francisco 5 A. S. BABCOCK l' 605 Market St. YUkon 2-3954 Comments on «The Dehumanizing Effects of the Com­ 2,9! puter," H. R. J. GROSCH and THE EDITOR. 8 g Elsewhere PATRICK J. MCGOVERN C 815 Washington St. DEcatur 2-5453 Calendar of Coming Events. 15 cl Newtonville 60, Mass. 2,9! REFERENCE INFORMATION a C Who's Who in the Computer Field (Supplement) C COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION is published monthly at 45 2,9! 815 Washington St., Newtonville 60, Mass., by Berkeley Enter­ New Patents, RAYMOND R. SKOLNICK 48 prises, Inc. Printed in U.S.A. l' SUBSCRIPTION RATES: United States, $15.00 for 1 year, , , $29.00 for 2 years, including the June Directory issue; Canada, INDEX OF NOTICES 2,9! add 50c a year for postage; foreign, add $1. 5° a year for post­ age. Address all Editorial and Subscription Mail to Berkeley g Advertising Index 50 I Enterprises, Inc., 815 Washington St., Newtonville 60, Mass. ENTERED AS SECOND CLASS MATTER at the Post Office Computer Directory and Buyers' Guide · see Oct." page 31 at Boston, Mass. Glossary of Computer Terms. 50 2,9! POSTMASTER: Please send all Forms 3579 to Berkeley Enter­ prises, Inc., 815 Washington St., Newtonville 60, Mass. Manuscripts · see Oct., page 30 Copyright, 1961, by Berkeley Enterprises, Inc. Reference and Survey Information · see Oct., page 31 2,9' CHANGE of ADDRESS: If your address changes, please send us I both your new address and your old address (as it appears on. the Statement of Ownership and Management. 16 ] magazine address imprint), and allow three weeks for the change to be made. Who's Who Entry Form . 39 4 COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for November, 1961 CC ige, :on, line tag- :lel- Jew ers. del- Jew ead leo :les, ills, :les, oga Los " sys- .,' Ku, hin I lku, cir- and yra- I Jew ., loy- ,en, lag- ~ad- / ory Y. A [ill, Jew ar- len, lag- TO THE ENGINEER ing, alos Irp., lata who wants to make ~en·· the most of his etchings c)[k. lion em- If your printed circuit board designs involve best features. Contact reliability exceeding 200 lne, switching, you can count on getting the best million op.erations can be expected. md- I A r, results by using AE Class E relays with Automatic Electric also supplies Class E re­ . direct-connect terminals. lon, lays with Taper-Tab terminals, and prewired for plug-in, with 8- to 20-prong octal plugs, JUp Series EQPC relays, with end-mounted An with or without hermetically sealed contain­ printed circuit lugs, occupy a minimum of ers or dust-tight housings. eep- board space, and furnish dramatic savings ork, in assembly and wiring time. Want details? Just write the Director, Con­ ,wn, trol Equipment Sales, Automatic Electric, l. / The AE Series EQPC printed circuit relay is a Northlake, Illinois. Also ask for Circular [)rd, AE miniaturized version of the premium - quality 1702-E on Relays for Industry, and the new ige, Class B telephone-type relay, with many of its Conver.c;ion Factors booklet. An CAN and DO AUTOMATIC ELECTRIC Subsidiary of ut­ :ash GENERAL TELEPHONE & ELECTRONICS ded 961 COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for November, 1961 Vi pt Rog '3' Sylv: Readers' and Editor's Forum Sy M Bre(] FRONT COVER: COMPUTER CONTROL OF 34 I am sure I do not have to tell this audience of the M GENERATING UNITS IN 9 PLANTS ever-increasing importance of computers in almost pI every facet of our complex civilization. But I detect, Cha' The fron t cover shows a console in the Philadelphia '3~ Electric Company's dispatching office, where the firm's or think I detect, one development which is interesting Hall power director supervises operation of a computer and, to me, entertaining. I happen to be a Trustee of / control system. The "heart" of the system is a digital The MITRE Corporation, which was formed as a Pcm / computer that tells 34 generating units in nine plants spin-off of MIT's Lincoln Laboratory, to back-stop the pr how much of the company's total electric requirements Air Force in developing the SAGE system. Sidle each is to produce for most economical operation. The Both in its original SAGE work and its present Sc principal assignment of designing command and con­ ad compu ter-directed system is a joint development of Ul Minneapolis-Honeywell and Philadelphia Electric. For trol systems, computers playa very important part in SpaI more information, see the story on page 17. MITRE's operations. (I still do not understand how '3( the modern computers work-incidentally, I have found that they don't always work-but I have noticed PROFESSOR HOWARD AIKEN that those who work with computers a lot seem to Coho In the summer of 1961, Professor Howard Aiken, regard them as having a personality-like a ship, only tel Head of the Computation Laboratory, Harvard Univ., more so.) Al T( Cambridge, Mass., became professor emeritus.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Advanced Computer Techniques (ACT)
    Report to the Computer History Museum on the Information Technology Corporate Histories Project Professional Services Sector Advanced Computer Techniques (ACT) Company Details Name: Advanced Computer Techniques (ACT) Sector: Professional Services Description Charles Lecht founded ACT in 1962 with a capital investment of $800 and a $100,000 contract from Univac to fix problems in the compiler for its LARC computer. It went public in 1968 and by 1979 had revenues of nearly $16.5 million. Facilitators Luanne Johnson Statistics Contributors (0), Events (3), Stories (0), Documents (2), References (1), Discussions (0 threads, 0 posts) Entered By: Luanne Johnson October 25, 2007 Contributors Contributor Luanne Johnson Date Joined October 25, 2007 Job Description Luanne Johnson is a Co-Chair of the Software Industry Special Interest Group at the Computer History Museum. Statistics Documents (2) , References (1) Date Entered February 22, 2011 Timeline 1962 Milestones ACT is founded by Charles Lecht (1962) Charles Lecht founds Advanced Computer Techniques (ACT) with a capital investment of $800 and a $100,000 contract from Univac to fix problems in the compiler for its LARC computer. Related References The Computer Establishment Report to the Computer History Museum on the Information Technology Corporate Histories Project Professional Services Sector 1968 Milestones ACT goes public (1968) ACT goes public in 1968. Related References The Computer Establishment 1979 Milestones ACT has revenues of nearly $16.5 million (1979) In fiscal 1979, ACT has
    [Show full text]
  • SEC News Digest, 03-24-1969
    SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION ~~~~ lIDil@J!~~ A brief summary of financial proposals filed with and actions by the S.E.C. ( In ordering full text of Releases from SEC Publications Unit cite number) (Issue No. 69-56) FOR R E LEA SE _-,Ha=c...=c!!.h..,.!!2:=4..........;1~9~6L9 _ SEC AMENDS TEMPORARY RULES RELATING TO TENDER OFFERS. ETC. The SEC today announced the adoption of amendments to its rules under Sections 13(d), 13(e), 14(d) and 14(f) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Those sections of the Act relate to matters such as the acquisition of equity securities by the issuer thereof or other persons, the invitation of tender offers, and changes in the majority of the directors of a company. The amended rules require the filing of eight copies of all material required to be fUed with the CommiSSion under those sections. Previously the number of copies to be filed was not specified. (Release 34-8556) CENTRAL POWER & LIGHT RECEIVES ORDER. The SEC haa issued a second supplemental order under the Holding Company Act (Release 35-16321) authorizing Central Power and Light Company ("CP&L"), a Corpus Chriati subSidiary of Central and South West Corporation, Wilmington, Del. holding company, to increase the &aOunt of notes it may sell to the parent from $11,000,000 to $20,000,000 to be outstanding at anyone time. CP&L will use the funds to finance temporarily its construction program. HARTFORD FUND RECEIVES ORDER. The SEC haa issued an order under the Investment Company Act (Relea.e IC-5639) exempting Hartford Mutu'll Investment Fund, Inc., Hartford, Conn., from the $100,000 min1mu1llnet worth and certain other provisions of the Act.
    [Show full text]
  • From: George Trimble To: Doug Jerger Date: 6/24/2005 2:59PM Subject: [Response to Request for Preliminary Information About CUC]
    From: George Trimble To: Doug Jerger Date: 6/24/2005 2:59PM Subject: [Response to request for preliminary information about CUC] Doug, You are very timely. I finished doing the write up last night and planned on doing a final checkup today. It's attached. [Below] Actually, much of the information in it was taken from Kubie's article "Recollections of the First Software Company", Annals of the History of Computing, Vol. 16, No. 2, Summer 1994, pp 66-71…. My tenure with CUC was from 1956 to 1968, so I can attest to things during that period. Besides, I was involved in almost everything that went on. After 1968 I had virtually no contact with CUC. Kubie's article is the best source for what happened from 1969 to 1986. For example, I never met Bennet or Bartolli. Even Kubie's knowledge is sketchy, as he points out. For the 20 most important events I largely picked the establishment of new offices, new divisions (CUE, CTS, etc.), change of officers (Hurd, Bennet, Bartolli) and departure of key people. The FAA work was a major task which led to a large job of programming the IBM S/360, the election prediction on CBS TV, and a book on programming the 360. The second job picked was the Texas Instruments system software job, which was very large, 29 people for design and 120 for implementation. Beyond these very large jobs there were so many unique or first-time jobs that I don't know what to include. Satellite orbit calculations, first boiling water nuclear reactor design, first computer-based paramutal system for race tracks, first commercial general purpose message switching system, it goes on and on.
    [Show full text]
  • Data Processing Technology, a Suggested 2-Year Post High School Curriculum. INSTITUTION Central Texas Coll., Killeen
    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 085 056 JC 740 007 TITLE Data Processing Technology, A Suggested 2-Year Post High School Curriculum. INSTITUTION Central Texas Coll., Killeen. SPONS AGENCY Bureau of Adult, Vocational, and Technical Education (DHEW /OE) ,Washington, D.C. PUB DATE 73 NOTE 105p. AVAILABLE FROMSuperintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402 (Stock No. 1780-01240) EDRS PRICE MF-$0.65 HC-$6.58 DESCRIPTORS *Computer Science Education; Course Content; *Curriculum Guides; Curriculum Planning; *Data Processing Occupations; *Electronic Data Processing; Electronic Technicians; Laboratory Equipment; Post Secondary Education; *Technical Education; Technical Occupations ABSTRACT This guide identifies technicians, states specific job requirements, and describes special problems in defining, initiating, and operating post-high school programs in data processing technology. The following are discussed:(1) the program (employment opportunities, the technician, work performed by data processing personnel, the faculty, student selection and services, textbooks, references and visual aids, laboratory equipment and facilities, the library, scientific and technical societies, and advisory committees and services);(2) the curriculum (outline, brief description of courses, curriculum content and relationships, suggested continuing study, and cooperative vocational education programs);(3) course outlines (technical--computer science, operations and programming; syStems development and analysis, and data base management--math--including
    [Show full text]
  • Portia Isaacson Bass, Ph.D
    Portia Isaacson Bass, Ph.D. SUMMARY Portia Isaacson Bass is primarily engaged in scholarly research in mathematical and empirical foundations of new information-technology (IT) product forecasting (e.g., diffusion, technology, architecture, sales, prices). She is executive director of Bass’s Basement, a not- for-profit (501c3) corporation, dedicated to research and education concerning new-product sales forecasting. She is also CEO of Bass Economics, Inc., which provides consulting on IT market forecasting. Dr. Bass occasionally serves as an expert witness in the computer, telecom and semiconductor industries. Dr. Bass was a pioneer in the personal computer industry. She co-founded a computer store in 1976; built Future Computing Incorporated into the personal computer industry's first and leading technology and market forecasting firm, with over 160 employees, at the time it was acquired by McGraw-Hill. She, in the report IBM's Billion Dollar Baby, correctly analyzed the impact of the IBM PC and foretold the PC-compatible technology and market within days of IBM's introduction; she accelerated IBM PC compatibility through Future Computing's laboratory work with manufacturers, software companies, and resellers; and created the first PC dealer tracking service, StoreBoard. She introduced Compaq Computer Corporation’s founders to their venture capital investors and was herself a founding investor. Starting in 1986, she served two years on Microsoft's Board of Directors. During 1987-1988 she published Future Thinker, a newsletter that reviewed published market research and business information in the computer, telecommunications, semiconductor and office products industries. In 1989 she started the information service that became BIS Strategic Decisions' Personal Computer Market Advisory Service.
    [Show full text]
  • Margin Stocks, Circular No. 82-86
    Fede ra l r e s e r v e Ba n k o f D allas DALLAS, TEXAS 75222 Circular No. 82-86 July 27, 1982 OVER-THE-COUNTER (OTC) MARGIN STOCKS Revised List TO ALL MEMBER BANKS AND OTHERS CONCERNED IN THE ELEVENTH FEDERAL RESERVE DISTRICT: The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System has published a revised list of over-the-counter (OTC) stocks that are subject to its margin regulations, effective July 26, 1982. The attached list supersedes the revised List of OTC Margin Stocks that was issued October 5, 1981 and the amendments to that list published on March 1, 1982. Any questions regarding this circular and attachments should be directed to this Bank's Legal Department, Extension 6171. Additional copies of this circular will be furnished upon request to this Bank's Department of Communications, Financial and Community Affairs, Extension 6289. Sincerely yours, William H. Wallace First Vice President Enclosure Banks and others are encouraged to use the following incoming WATS numbers in contacting this Bank: 1-800-442-7140 (intrastate) and 1-800-527-9200 (interstate). For calls placed locally, please use 651 plus the extension referred to above. This publication was digitized and made available by the Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas' Historical Library ([email protected]) LIST OF OTC MARGIN STOCKS AS OF JULY 26, 1982 This List of OTC Margin Stocks is comprised of stocks traded over-the-counter (OTC) that have been determined by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System to be sub­ ject to margin requirements as of July 26, 1982, pursuant to Sections 207.2(f) of Federal Reserve Regulation G, “ Securities Credit by Persons other than Banks, Brokers, or Dealers,” 220.2(e) of Regulation T, “Credit by Brokers and Dealers,” and 221.3(d) of Regulation U, “Credit by Banks for the Purpose of Purchasing or Carrying Margin Stocks.” The List is published from time to time by the Board as a guide for lenders subject to the regulations and the general public.
    [Show full text]
  • Guide to the Cuthbert C. Hurd Papers X2772.2004
    http://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/c8zc867n No online items Guide to the Cuthbert C. Hurd papers X2772.2004 Finding aid prepared by Bo Doub, Kim Hayden, and Sara Chabino Lott. Processing of this collection was made possible through generous funding from The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, administered through the Council on Library and Information Resources' Cataloging Hidden Special Collections and Archives grant. Computer History Museum 1401 N. Shoreline Blvd. Mountain View, CA, 94043 (650) 810-1010 [email protected] 2015 Guide to the Cuthbert C. Hurd X2772.2004 1 papers X2772.2004 Title: Cuthbert C. Hurd papers Identifier/Call Number: X2772.2004 Contributing Institution: Computer History Museum Language of Material: English Physical Description: 4.84 Linear feet3 record cartons and 1 oversize box Date (inclusive): 1947-1995 Abstract: The Cuthbert C. Hurd papers consist of materials related to the International Business Machines Corporation (IBM), primarily from 1949 through 1962, and Hurd's role in steering the company to develop its first electronic stored program computers during that time. The collection includes IBM reports and memoranda, personal correspondence, research on computing history, articles from publications, and testimony transcripts and legal documents from the IBM anti-trust case: United States v. International Business Machines Corp. (1979). Processing Information Collection processed by Bo Doub and Kim Hayden, 2015. Access Restrictions The collection is open for research. Publication Rights The Computer History Museum (CHM) can only claim physical ownership of the collection. Users are responsible for satisfying any claims of the copyright holder. Requests for copying and permission to publish, quote, or reproduce any portion of the Computer History Museum's collection must be obtained jointly from both the copyright holder (if applicable) and the Computer History Museum.
    [Show full text]
  • Burt Grad General Electric and IBM Records
    http://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/c8vq37cg No online items Guide to the Burt Grad General Electric and IBM records Finding aid prepared by Adrienne Harling and Sara Chabino Lott Processing of this collection was made possible through generous funding from the Computer History Museum’s Software Industry Special Interest Group. Computer History Museum 1401 N. Shoreline Blvd. Mountain View, CA, 94043 (650) 810-1010 [email protected] August 2016 Guide to the Burt Grad General X6906.2014 1 Electric and IBM records Title: Burt Grad General Electric and IBM records Identifier/Call Number: X6906.2014 Contributing Institution: Computer History Museum Language of Material: English Physical Description: 4.17 Linear feet,3 record cartons and 1 manuscript box Date (inclusive): 1949-1978 Abstract: This collection contains records from Burt Grad’s work with General Electric and IBM from 1949-1978. Grad did substantial work on factory automation and business systems management, reflected in large projects called the Integrated Systems Project (ISP) and the Study Organization Plan (SOP), both documented in this collection. The collection also contains content about decision tables – a tool Grad developed to map cause-and-effect logic for systems programming purposes. Additional areas of interest include Grad’s work on Application System Development Method (ASDM), factory simulation models, the Productron computer, TABSOL software for automation of decision tables, and more. Materials consist primarily of technical reports and notes, correspondence, manuals and marketing materials for products, and some articles. creator: Grad, Burton Access Restrictions The collection is open for research. Publication Rights The Computer History Museum (CHM) can only claim physical ownership of the collection.
    [Show full text]
  • Annual Report, Fiscal Year 1967
    00 CD to CO [- «fpffi 1967 ECHNICAL HIGHLIGHTS O F T H E NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS >-. * X Mr? Sri* Annual Report for: INSTITUTE FOR BASIC STANDARDS INSTITUTE FOR MATERIALS RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR APPLIED TECHNOLOGY UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Alexander B. Trowbridge. Secretary John F. Kincaid. Assistant Secretary for Science and Technology NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS A. V. Astin, Director 1967 Technical Highlights of the National Bureau of Standards Annual Report, Fiscal Year 1967 November 1967 MisceUaneous Publication 293 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402 - Price 55 cents Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 6-23979 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1 Move to Gaithersburg Site 1 Dedication of New Facilities 1 Symposium on Technology and World Trade. NBS Publishes History. Legislation Affecting NBS 3 Fair Packaging and Labeling Act of 1966. Pending Legis- lation. Expansion of the Research Associate Program 4 General Trends 5 The National Measurement System. 6 THE NATIONAL MEASUREMENT SYSTEM 7 A Systems Approach to Measurement 7 Basic Social Needs 8 Importance of the System 8 Function of the National Measurement System 9 The Intellectual System 10 The Operational System 11 The Central Core. Instrumentation Network. Data Net- work. Techniques Network. INSTITUTE FOR BASIC STANDARDS 19 Physical Quantities 19 International Base Units 20 Length. Time and Frequency. Temperature. Electric Current. Mechanical Quantities 23 Electrical Quantities—DC and Low Frequency 25 Electrical Quantities—Radio 26 High-Frequency Electrical Standards. High-Frequency Impedance Standards. High-Frequency Calibration Serv- ices. Microwave Calibrations. Electromagnetic Field Standards. Dielectric and Magnetic Standards. Thermal Quantities 32 Photometric and Radiometric Quantities^ _1 32 Ionizing Radiations 36 Physical Properties 39 Nuclear Properties.
    [Show full text]
  • Oral History Interview with Cuthbert C. Hurd
    An Interview with Cuthbert C. Hurd OH 318 Conducted by Charles R. Fillerup on 28 August 1995 Portola Valley CA Charles Babbage Institute Center for the History of Information Processing University of Minnesota, Minneapolis Copyright, Charles Babbage Institute 1 Cuthbert C. Hurd Interview 28 August 1995 Abstract Hurd briefly discusses his work with International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) before joining Computer Usage Company (CUC) in 1962. He outlines CUC's early projects with IBM and descirbes his leadership role at CUC. Hurd details his efforts to make CUC successful after becoming CEO and the strategies which he used. Dr. Fillerup, who worked with Hurd at CUC, compiled biographical information on Hurd that is presented in abbreviated form before the interview and in full after the interview. The original printed copy also contains biographical information on Fillerup. 2 Cuthbert C. Hurd Born 05 April 1911 in Iowa; became a key leader in IBM and introduced computers into the Corporation; joined CUC as Chairman and built the Company to $15,000,000; subsequently became one of the industry's foremost entrpreneurs. EDUCATION: 1932 B. A., Drake University. 1934 M. S., Iowa State College. 1936 Ph.D., Univ. of Illinois. ACADEMIC CAREER: 1936-1942 Assistant Professor of Mathematics, Michigan State University. 1942-1945 Educational Officer and Lieutenant Commander, U. S. Coast Guard Academy. 1945-1947 Dean, Allegheny College; Chairman of the Curriculum Committee. PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE: 1947-49 Union Carbide & Carbon (Oak Ridge U-235 site) -- Head of Technical Research. 1949-62 IBM Corporation -- Director of Applied Science, of EDPM, of Automation Research, of Control Systems.
    [Show full text]
  • 1968 Technical Highlights of the National Bureau of Standards
    TECHNICAL HIGHLIGHTS 196B U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE / National Bureau of Standards UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE C. R. Smith, Secretary John F. Kincaid, Assistant Secretary for Science and Technology NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS A. V. Astin, Director 1968 Technical Highlights of the National Bureau of Standards Institute for Basic Standards Institute for Materials Research Institute for Applied Technology Center for Radiation Research Annual Report, Fiscal Year 1968 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.G. 20402 - Price $1 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 6-23979 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1 Management Progress 1 Center for Radiation Research Created. Reorganization of Boulder Laboratories. New Institute Directors Named. Special Programs 3 Research Associate Program. Foreign Scientist Visitation Program. Utilization of Federal Laboratories 5 Legislative Report 6 Flammable Fabrics Act. Fire Research and Safety Act. Standard Reference Data Act. TWO KEY STANDARDS PROGRAMS 9 The National Standard Reference Data System 9 History of the Program 10 Responsibilities of NBS. Operation of the System. General Status of the Program. The Standard Reference Data Act. International Cooperation. Current Data Project Activity 19 Nuclear Properties. Atomic and Molecular Properties. Thermodynamic and Transport Properties. Solid State Properties. Chemical Kinetics. Colloid and Surface Properties. Data Systems Design and Development 24 Information Services 25 The Standard Reference Materials Program 26 History of the Program 26 Current Activity 33 INSTITUTE FOR BASIC STANDARDS 39 Physical Quantities 39 International Base Units 40 Length. Time and Frequency. Temperature. Electric Cur- rent. Fundamental Physical Constants. Mechanical Quantities 47 Electrical Quantities—D.C and Low Frequency 49 Electrical Quantities—Radio Frequency 51 High Frequency Region.
    [Show full text]
  • The SABRE Airline Reservation System Was a Path-Breaking Application That Gave American Airlines a Great Commercial Advantage Over Competitors
    The SABRE airline reservation system was a path-breaking application that gave American Airlines a great commercial advantage over competitors. 1 The Software Industry In January 1952, half a century ago, Fortune magazine ran an article titled “Office Robots.” It was one of the very first general articles on com- puters. No mention was made of programming or software—indeed, the latter term had not yet been invented. However, the general-purpose nature of the computer was well understood. Having described the use of the Univac computer at the US Census Bureau the writer explained: “At the flip of a few switches, UNIVAC can be turned from such mass sta- tistical manipulations to solving differential equations for scientists or handling payroll lists, computations, and check writing for business- men.”1 The slightly inappropriate metaphor “flipping a few switches” suggests that programming was either something Fortune’s writer did not understand or something he thought his readers did not need to know about. It would be nearly 15 years before a major business magazine devoted a feature article to software. In November 1966 Business Week carried a report titled “Software Gap—A Growing Crisis for Computers.”2 The arti- cle bemoaned the shortage of programmers, but hinted at the glorious opportunities ahead for the nascent software industry. For almost another 15 years, however, the software industry remained a hidden world— known mainly to computer-industry professionals, investors, and analysts. Not until September 1980 did Business Week carry a special report on the software business, its first in-depth look at the industry since 1966.
    [Show full text]