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Hållbara Och Attraktiva Stationssamhällen HÅLLBARA OCH ATTRAKTIVA STATIONSSAMHÄLLEN Titel: Hållbara och attraktiva stationssamhällen, HASS (populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning) Författare: Åsa Hult, Anders Roth och Sebastian Bäckström, IVL Svenska Miljöinstitutet, Camilla Stålstad, RISE Viktoria ICT, Julia Jonasson, RISE samt Maja Kovacs, Ida Röstlund och Lisa Bomble, Chalmers. Medel från: Vinnova, Västra Götalandsregionen, Ale kommun och Lerums kommun Layout: Ragnhild Berglund, IVL Svenska Miljöinstitutet Bild framsida: Pendelpoden, en mobilitetstjänst som testades inom projektet I rapporten hänvisas till bilagor med mer detaljerade resultat från studien. De kan laddas ner från projektets sida hos www.ivl.se. Rapportnummer: C318 ISBN-nr: 978-91-88787-61-3 Upplaga: Finns endast som PDF-fil för egen utskrift © IVL Svenska Miljöinstitutet 2018 IVL Svenska Miljöinstitutet AB, Box 210 60, 100 31 Stockholm Telefon 010-788 65 00 • www.ivl.se Rapporten har granskats och godkänts i enlighet med IVL:s ledningssystem SAMMANFATTNING Projektet Hållbara och attraktiva stationssamhällen (HASS) är ett utmanings­ drivet innovationsprojekt som utvecklat och testat lösningar som kan bidra till en mindre bilberoende livsstil i samhällen utanför storstäder. Stationssamhällena Lerum och Nödinge (i Ale belöningar kan få människor att ändra sina resvanor. kommun) strax utanför Göteborg har varit test- Vidare utvecklades en affärsmodell för plattformen arenor i projektet. 24 projektpartners från olika (appen) för lokala res- och transporttjänster. sektorer har deltagit; kommuner, regioner, I projektet har en medskapandeprocess använts, där forskningsorganisationer, fastighetsbolag, både projektparter och allmänhet har bjudits in att detaljhandel, banker, mäklare, företag inom tycka till och uttrycka sina behov. persontransport samt en it-plattforms leverantör. Parkeringsstudien, planeringsverktyget för Projektet tar sin utgångspunkt i två konkreta markexploatering samt själva projektprocessen politiska mål; öka byggandet i kommunerna och har varit till stor nytta för parterna. Test och minska utsläppen från transporter. Den mark användning av mobilitetstjänster och tillhörande som kommunerna vill bygga på ligger vanligtvis plattform har också gett värdefull kunskap, men en nära stationerna, men upptas ofta av bilen för lansering har inte varit aktuell på grund av bristande parkeringar och vägar. En del av projektet handlar lönsamhet och intresse och för att kommun eller om hur man kan använda marken runt stationerna stat antagligen behöver ta en mer aktiv roll. mer effektivt, samtidigt som den blir mer attraktiv. Projektet har pågått från december 2015 till Tanken med minskad parkeringsyta ger skjuts maj 2018 och har finansierats av Vinnova, Västra åt andra lösningar än privatbil för resor och Götalandsregionen, Ale kommun och Lerums transporter. Projektet har därför utvecklat och testat kommun. Projektet har skett inom ramen för lokala res- och transporttjänster (mobilitetstjänster) Mistra Urban Futures program Det Urbana kopplade till ett gemensamt belöningssystem. Stationssamhället – vägen mot ett resurssnålt SMART-appen, som belönar hållbart resande, resande. användes i projektet med syftet att testa om 3 SUMMARY The Sustainable and Attractive Station Community project (HASS) is a challenge driven innovation project that has developed and tested solutions that can contribute to a less car­dependent lifestyle in communities outside of major cities. The station communities Lerum and Nödinge (in to test if rewards could make people change their the municipality of Ale) just outside Gothenburg travel habits. Furthermore, a business model was have been test arenas in the project. 24 project developed for the platform (app) for local travel and partners have participated; municipalities, region, transport services. Within the project a co-creation research organisations, real estate companies, retail, process has been used where both project partners banks, real estate broker, companies in passenger and the public have been invited to meet and transportation and an IT platform provider. express their needs. The project is based on two concrete political The parking study, the planning tool for land objectives; increase construction in the development and the actual project process in itself municipalities and reduce emissions from road has been of great benefit to the parties. transport. The land the municipalities want to Testing and use of the mobility services and use for buildings are usually close to the stations, associated platform has also provided valuable but are often occupied by car parkings and roads. knowledge, but a launch has not been in question Part of the project is about how the land around due to lack of profitability and interest, and because the stations can be used more efficiently while at the municipality or state most likely need to take a the same time making it more attractive. The idea more active role. of reduced space for cars and parking gives a way The project has been in progress from December to other solutions than private cars for travel and 2015 to May 2018 and has been funded by Vinnova transportation. The project has therefore developed (Swedish Governmental Agency for Innovation and tested local travel and transport services Systems), Region Västra Götaland, Ale Municipality (mobility services) linked to a common reward and Lerum Municipality. The project has taken system. The SMART app rewarding sustainable place within the framework of Mistra Urban travel was used in the project with the purpose Futures' program Urban Station Communities. 4 INNEHÅLL Sammanfattning . 3 Summary . 4 Innehåll . 5 Inledning . 6 Tre huvudområden 7 Underlag och fullständiga rapporter finns som bilagor 9 Förutsättningar för projektet 9 Medskapande . 10 Vad är medborgardialog och god samverkan? 10 Genomförande 10 Res- och transporttjänster . 12 Hur kan man påverka resebeteenden? 12 En app som uppmuntrar hållbart resande 13 Affärsmodeller för ett incitamentsbaserat system 16 Processen att ta fram mobilitetstjänster 17 Test av mobilitetstjänster som nås via SMART-appen 23 Utvärdering av tjänsterna 24 Effektiv markanvändning . 26 Hur mycket går det att minska antalet parkeringsplatser? 26 Planeringsverktyg för markexploatering 28 Hållbart mobilitetsindex för mäklarannonser 31 Slutsatser och vägen framåt . 33 Vad har HASS åstadkommit? 33 Hur kan kommunerna arbeta vidare? 34 Slutsatser från två projektutvärderingar 35 Förbättringsförslag och tips till andra innovationsprojekt 37 Förteckning över bilagor . 38 5 INLEDNING Projektet Hållbara och attraktiva stationssamhällen (HASS) är ett utmaningsdrivet innovationsprojekt som från december 2015 till maj 2018 har utvecklat och testat lösningar som kan bidra till en mindre bilberoende livsstil i samhällen utanför storstäder. Stationssamhällena Lerum och Nödinge (i Ale kommun) strax utanför Göteborg har varit testarenor i projektet. Många som bor i mindre kommuner nära en och testat lokala res- och transporttjänster storstad är beroende av bil. Parkeringar dominerar (mobilitetstjänster), kopplade till ett gemensamt ofta centrala områden kring pendelstationerna. En belöningssystem, som ett komplement eller hållbar och attraktiv stationsnära stadsutveckling är alternativ till den egna bilen. Syftet var att testa viktig för den regionala utvecklingen, såväl i Sverige om detta kan få människor att ändra sina resvanor. som internationellt. I Lerum och Nödige fick de som använde en app Både Nödinge och Lerum är stationssamhällen (SMART-appen) poäng om de gick, cyklade, åkte som växer. Projektet tar sin utgångspunkt i två med kollektivtrafik eller använde de lokala res- konkreta politiska mål. Det ena är att öka byggandet och transporttjänster som testades i projektet. En i kommunerna, det andra är att minska utsläppen belöningsshop i SMART-appen erbjöd rabatter och från transporter. förmåner i lokala butiker för poängen som man När byggandet ökar och fler flyttar in finns det fått genom hållbart resande. Projektet har också en risk att utsläppen från personresor ökar. Det är utvecklat affärsmodeller för plattformen (appen) för alltså av vikt att planera byggandet i kommunerna lokala res- och transporttjänster. Vilka aktörer har så att det inte sker. Den mark som kommunerna ett intresse av att minska det privata bilanvändande vill bygga på ligger vanligen nära stationerna, men och vilka ser att de kan göra en affär på det? upptas ofta av bilen för parkeringar och vägar. Hur Förutsättningarna är olika i Lerum och Nödinge kan ytan vid stationerna effektiviseras så bilarna tar både geografiskt och socioekonomiskt. Processen mindre plats och det blir utrymme att bygga annat? att effektivisera markanvändningen och att utveckla En del av projektet handlar om dessa frågor: Hur lokala res- och transporttjänster måste därför utgå kan marken runt stationerna användas mer effektivt från de behov som finns på orten. En medskapande samtidigt som den blir mer attraktiv? process har använts där både projektparter och Tanken med minskad parkeringsyta ger allmänhet har bjudits in att tycka till och uttrycka skjuts åt andra lösningar än privatbil för resor sina behov. och transporter. Projektet har därför utvecklat 6 Bild 1. Projektet tar sin utgångspunkt i två konkreta politiska mål. Det ena är att öka byggandet i kommunerna, det andra är att minska utsläppen från transporter. TRE HUVUDOMRÅDEN I projektet har 24 parter deltagit. Göteborgs regionens kommunalförbund har Detta projekt har undersökt och utvecklat flera varit projektägare. IVL Svenska Miljöinstitutet,
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