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Integrated Urban Development As a Prerequisite for a Sustainable City

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Integrated Urban Development As a Prerequisite for a Sustainable City 5 Years after the LEIPZIG CHARTER – Integrated Urban Development as a Prerequisite for a Sustainable City Integrated Urban Development in the EU Member States and its Candidate Countries 5 Years after the LEIPZIG CHARTER – Integrated Urban Development as a Prerequisite for a Sustainable City Integrated Urban Development in the EU Member States and its Candidate Countries Content A message from the Minister . 6 Introduction . 8 1 LEIPZIG CHARTER: integrated urban development as a prerequisite for sustainable European cities . 10 2 Challenges for an integrated urban (district) development in Europe . 12 3 Integrated urban (district) development policy as an instrument of sustainable urban development . 16 4 Five years after the LEIPZIG CHARTER – developments in Europe .. 19 5 Integrated urban development in the 27 member states of the EU, its candidate countries and in Norway and Switzerland . 22 A Countries with comprehensive national programmes for integrated urban development (of deprived neighbourhoods) . 23 Belgium . 23 Denmark . 25 Finland . 26 France (with case study Lyon – Pentes de la Croix-Rousse) . 28 Germany . 30 Ireland . 32 Italy . 33 The Netherlands (with case study Amsterdam – Nieuw-West) . 35 Sweden . 38 Switzerland . 39 United Kingdom . 41 B Countries with national or regional programmes or with national guidelines for integrated urban development (of deprived neighbourhoods) . 42 Austria . 42 Bulgaria . 44 Cyprus . 45 Czech Republic . 46 Hungary . 47 Iceland . 48 Latvia . 49 Lithuania . 51 Malta .. 52 Montenegro . 53 Norway . 54 Poland . 55 Portugal . 56 Romania (with case study Timişoara) . 58 Slovenia . 60 Spain . 62 4 5 years after the LEIPZIG CHARTER – integrated urban development as a prerequisite for a sustainable city C Countries with predominantly local approaches to integrated urban development (of deprived neighbourhoods) . 64 Croatia . 64 Estonia . 64 Greece . 65 Luxembourg . 66 Macedonia . 67 Serbia . 68 Slovakia . 69 Turkey . 70 6 Contrasts: integrated urban (district) development in Brazil, China, India and the USA . 72 Brazil . 73 China . 75 India . 77 USA . 79 7 The state of urban (district) development in Europe: summary and conclusion . 82 References . 85 Imprint . 87 5 years after the LEIPZIG CHARTER – integrated urban development as a prerequisite for a sustainable city 5 A message from the Minister Our towns and cities are key places and players when it comes to tackling the major challenges that society faces . So it is imperative that we make use of the strategies and energies that exist in these urban areas if we want to devel- op them in a sustainable manner – in other words reducing their climate change impact, improving their energy effi- ciency, making them adaptable, promoting social justice, enhancing their economic efficiency and ensuring a high quality of design . One of the prerequisites for successful urban sustainability is a comprehensive cooperative approach that draws all stakeholders together: citizens, public authorities, trade as- sociations, industry and academia . Thus, under the German EU Council Presidency in 2007, we joined forces with our European neighbours to adopt the LEIPZIG CHARTER on Sustainable European Cities as a policy framework . Five years later, it is time to take stock . The questions to be answered are: To what extent is use being made of the principles on which we agreed in the LEIPZIG CHARTER? I hope all readers find this study interesting and Which key issues of the LEIPZIG CHARTER have we imple- informative . mented? What are the issues where we have to cooperate even more efficiently if we are to deploy our scarce resourc- es in an optimum manner? What tasks still lie ahead of us? In October 2012, we will stage an international conference, which we have deliberately entitled “Urban Energies”, and Dr Peter Ramsauer, Member of the German Bundestag at which we will discuss these and other questions with Federal Minister of Transport, Building and Urban national and international partners . Development The present study provides an overview of the numerous strategies that the states of the European Union and other countries have so far adopted in their search for answers to the questions raised by the LEIPZIG CHARTER . These answers are as diverse as the towns and cities themselves . But the study also shows that, despite all the differences, there are common trends . As resources grow increasingly scarce, integrated approaches to urban development policy are becoming more and more important . Because coopera- tion makes us strong . In addition, the examples are an im- pressive demonstration that the principles of the LEIPZIG CHARTER have already found their way into the practices of local authorities with remarkable success . 5 years after the LEIPZIG CHARTER – integrated urban development as a prerequisite for a sustainable city 7 Introduction Five years after adopting the “LEIPZIG CHARTER on Sus- The exploration of the key LEIPZIG CHARTER elements tainable European Cities” during the German EU Presiden- (Chapter 1) is followed in the present study report by an cy in the first half of 2007, the Federal Ministry of Trans- examination of the key challenges for urban development port, Building and Urban Development (Bundesministerium in Europe (Chapter 2), a presentation of the instrument that für Verkehr, Bau und Stadtentwicklung – BMVBS) – through is integrated urban (district) development and its elements the Federal Institute for Research Building, Urban Affairs (Chapter 3) as well as a reflection on the development of and Spatial Development (Bundesinstitut für Bau-, Stadt- this strategic approach throughout the EU presidencies und Raumforschung – BBSR) within the Federal Office for since 2007 (Chapter 4) . Approaches in EU Member States, Building and Regional Planning (Bundesamt für Bauwesen its candidate countries and in Norway and Switzerland und Raumordnung – BBR) – commissioned the German (Chapter 5) are put in contrast with a presentation of urban Institute of Urban Affairs (Deutsches Institut für Urbanistik – development policy challenges and solutions in Brazil, DIfU) to study the extent to which the Charter has had an China, India and the USA (Chapter 6) . Finally, the study’s impact on integrated urban (district) development in the key findings will be summarized in Chapter 7 . 27 Member States of the EU, its six candidate countries Ice- land, Croatia, Macedonia, Monte negro, Serbia and Turkey as well as in the two EFTA-states, Norway and Switzerland . One of the study’s objective is to present the German “National Urban Development Policy” initiative in a more international perspective . This will be achieved by compar- ing the 33 countries’ challenges and strategies regarding integrated urban (district) development, in particular with the contrasting perspectives of similar approaches in China and the United States as well as in two of the BRISE coun- tries (Brazil and India) . The study is based upon, and updates, the DIfU background paper created in preparation of the German EU presidency in 2007 “Integrated Urban Development – a Prerequisite for Urban Sustainability in Europe” . In terms of method, this study consisted essentially of analysing the documents relative to integrated urban (district) development in the countries covered . Additionally, three case studies were completed in Amsterdam (Netherlands), Lyon (France) and Timişoara (Romania), going into detail through inter- views with representatives of the local governments and neighbourhoods . 5 years after the.
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