Studies on phosphorylated polypeptides and gp-340 in saliva and milk
Liza Danielsson Niemi
Department of Odontology
a a a a a a a a a
To my family
ABSTRACT
Actinomyces Actinomyces Streptococcus mutans β β
(i) Actinomyces (ii) (iii) S. mutans
TABLE OF CONTENTS
LIST OF PUBLICATIONS ...... 9 ABBREVIATIONS ...... 10 INTRODUCTION...... 11
...... ...... ...... ...... AIMS...... 28 MATERIALS AND METHODS ...... 29
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION...... 35
ACTINOMYCES
IN VITRO CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES...... 48 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS...... 50 REFERENCES ...... 52
a
LIST OF PUBLICATIONS
Danielsson Niemi L Actinomyces Infect and Immun.
Danielsson Niemi L Glycoconj J
Danielsson Niemi L Streptococcus mutans Caries Res.
Danielsson Niemi L . Caries Res.
Reprints of the original papers were made with permission from the publishers.
a
ABBREVIATIONS
aa x x
INTRODUCTION
Infectious diseases in the gastrointestinal tract
Haemophilus influenzae Moraxella catarrhalis Streptococcus pneumoniae Escherichea coli Salmonella Shigella Campylobacter Vibrio cholerae Mycobacterium tuberculosis Helicobacter pylori Phorphyromonas gingivalis Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans
Bacterial biofilm ecology – a determinant for health or disease
Dental caries – an infectious disease involving biofilm ecology balance
Streptococcus mutans Streptococcus sobrinus , Candida S. mitis Actinomyces naeslundii A. viscosus, A. odontolyticus, A. israelii, Veillonella
in vivo S. mutans Lactobacillus, S. sanguinis
Adhesion and biofilm formation
S. gordonii Pseudomonas aeruginosa (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) Veillonella (v)
i ii iii iv
Oral Microbial Ecology
Figure 1. Oral biofilm formation. a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a Streptococcus a Actinomyces a a a a
. Streptococcus Actinomyces Veillonella Neisseria S. sanguinis S. oralis S. mitis A. naeslundii S. sanguinis S. oralis S. mitis Actinomyces Streptococcus
Fusobacterium nucleatum F. nucleatum S. mutans P. gingivalis
Streptococcus Actinomyces
Host ligands mediate adhesion of oral bacteria
E. coli S. suis α A. naeslundii β
C. albicans A. naeslundii A. viscosus
Host ligands in saliva
Table 1. Major proteins in saliva and human milk with protective functions. a a a Saliva proteins a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a Milk proteins a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a
Statherin
STATH STATH HIS1
Figure 2. Functional domains in statherin.
(i) F. nucleatum P. gingivalis Actinomyces C. albicans F. nucleatum P. gingivalis (ii) (iii)
(iv)
Glycoprotein-340 (gp-340)
DMBT1
Figure 3 Schematic illustration of salivary gp-340 protein domains, glycosylation pattern, and biological functions.
S. mutans
S. mutans, S. agalactiae H. pylori,
DMBT1 DBMT1 ´
Host ligands in milk
(i) α (ii) (iii) (iv) i α α ii H. pylori E. coli S. mutans per se C. albicans iii iv
Caseins
α β κ β κ α β β CSN2
STATH κ κ H. pylori α β κ S. mutans
Bioregulatory proteins and peptides in saliva and milk
β C. albicans C. albicans
β
Host ligand glycosylation and secretor status
α α α α α
E. coli C. albicans H. pylori
Model microorganisms present in oral biofilms
Actinomyces
Actinomyces A. naeslundii A. viscosus A. odontolyticus, A. israelii A. gerencseriae Actinomyces A. naeslundii Actinomyces A. naeslundii P. gingivalis Actinomyces Actinomyces
A. naeslundii, Actinomyces A. naeslundii A. naeslundii A. viscosus fimP fimA A. naeslundii
β A. naeslundii
Actinomyces A. viscosus A. naeslundii Actinomyces A. naeslundii A. viscosus Actinomyces A. naeslundii A. naeslundii A. naeslundii A. viscosus A. viscosus A. naeslundii A. oris A. naeslundii A. johnsonii A. naeslundii A. naeslundii
Streptococci
S. sanguinis, S. oralis and S. mitis ( ).
S. mutans S. sobrinus S. sanguinis
S. gordonii S. intermedius S. mutans S. mutans S. gordonii, A. naeslundii C. albicans P. gingivalis
AIMS
A. naeslundii A. viscosus. S. mutans S. mutans
a a a
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Bacteria and fungus strains
A. viscosus A. naeslundii A. radicidentis S. mutans S. suis E. coli S. sobrinus H. pylori Lactococcus lactis C. albicans
Saliva and milk
°
Purification of saliva proteins
A. viscosus
a a a
S. mutans S. mutans ° S. gordonii
Size variants of gp-340
Carbohydrate mapping of gp-340 variants
a a a
Separation and identification of milk proteins
γ α
Adhesion assay
C. albicans
Figure 4. Priciple of HA assay. a a a a a Candida a a a
a a a
Adhesion inhibition assay
Figure 5. Schematic illustration of inhibition experiments. a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a
a a a
Peptides for mapping bacteria-binding epitopes
Figure 6. Construction of hybrid peptides. a a a a a aa a a a a a a a a a a aa a
a a a
S. mutans
Binding of bacteria in solution (aggregation assay)
Actinomyces Streptococcus Candida
S. mutans
S. suis, H. pylori L. lactis E. coli
a
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Paper I. Binding epitopes for Actinomyces on salivary statherin
Actinomyces Actinomyces Actinomyces Actinomyces C. albicans
Figure 7. Binding of Actinomyces strains to statherin. a a a a Actinomyces a a a a a a a
a
A. naeslundii A. viscosus S. gordonii
Actinomyces Uromyces appendiculatus . Uromyces appendiculatus, A. naeslundii
a
Actinomyces F. nucleatum F. nucleatum P. gingivalis
Actinomyces Actinomyces Actinomyces
a
Actinomyces
per se α per se
Paper II. Variant size- and glycoforms of gp-340 with differential bacterial aggregation
a
a
Figure 8. Gp-340 size variants. a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a DMBT1
a
DMBT1 DMBT1
S. mutans DMBT1 DMBT1
β α α
a
S. mutans S. mutans S. mutans S. gordonii S. suis S. suis S. suis S. suis H. polyri S. mutans S. mutans
Table 2. Bacteria aggregation with different gp-340 variants. a a a a a a a a a a a S. mutans a a S. suis a a a H. pylori a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a
S. mutans
a
H. pylori
Papers III and IV. Effects of human milk and milk components on adhesion of mutans streptococci to saliva- coated hydroxyapatite in vitro
S. mutans S. mutans
S. mutans
a
S. mutans
S. mutans S. mutans S. mutans S. mutans S. mutans S. mutans
S. mutans S. mutans S. mutans S. mutans
a
H. pylori
S. mutans S. mutans S. mutans
S. mutans S. mutans S. mutans S. mutans S. mutans S. mutans S. mutans
a
per se S. mutans
Figure 9. Adhesion of S. mutans to s-HA or gp-340-HA when milk proteins are preincubated with either s-HA/gp-340-HA or the bacteria. S. mutans a S. mutans a a a a a
a
S. mutans S. mutans S. mutans S. mutans
S. mutans S. sobrinus S. sobrinus β S. mutans
S. mutans S. mutans S. sobrinus
a
A. naeslundii S. sanguinis S. mutans
a
CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES
•
•
•
a
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Ingegerd Johansson
Pernilla Lif Holgersson
Nicklas Strömberg
Josephine Wernersson Ulla Öhman Ann-Charlott Idahl
Anette Jonasson, Mirva Drobni, Christer Eriksson Lotta Harnevik
Nina Forsgren Margareta Holmgren
Hjördis Olsson
forskarvåningen Elisabeth, Maria, Rolf, Pamela, Inger, Eva, Anna L-B, Karina, Emma, Kjell, Anna B, Mari, Voukko, Lars, Maggan, George, Vincent
Thomas Borén
mamma pappa Johan Edvin
/Liza
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