Environmental Impact Assessment Report For

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR DEVELOPMENT OF COMMERCIAL BUILDING LP-1B-03 AT GATEWAY DISTRICT OF AEROCITY, IGI AIRPORT, NEW DELHI Item : 8(b) Category : B1,

SUBMITTED BY M/S DELHI INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT LIMITED REGD. OFFICE. DIAL, NEW UDAN BHAWAN, OPP T-3, IGI AIRPORT, NEW DELHI

LABORATORY ENGAGED IND RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT HOUSE PVT. LTD.,NOIDA NABL ACCREDITED LABORATORY (No. TC-5912 VALID UP TO 29/06/2019) BASELINE STUDY PERIOD : DEC 2018 TO FEB 2019

ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANT

IND TECH HOUSE CONSULT (An ISO 9001:2008 Certified Organization) G-8/6, Ground Floor, Sector 11, Rohini, Delhi – 110 085 Tel: +91 11 2757 1410, 6460 7252, Fax: +91 11 2757 2241 (NABET/EIA/1821/RA 0098 VALID TILL 31.01.2021)

ITHC/PRJ/18-19/EIA/149/Rev.02 ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT FOR DEVELOPMENT OF COMMERCIAL BUILDING LP-1B-03 AT GATEWAY DISTRICT OF AEROCITY, IGI AIRPORT, NEW DELHI

Project Proponent: M/s DELHI INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT LIMITED

For and on behalf of: Ind Tech House Consult

Approved by: Mr. Suman Banerjee

Signed:

Position: EIA Coordinator

Date: April 2019

This report has been prepared by Ind Tech House Consult with all reasonable skill, care and diligence within the terms of the contract with the client, incorporating our general terms and conditions of business and taking account of the resources devoted to it by agreement with the client. We disclaim any responsibility to the client and others in respect of any matters outside the scope of the above. The document has been prepared for the titled project or named part thereof and should not be relied upon or used for any other project without an independent check being carried out as to its suitability and prior written authority of Ind Tech House Consult being obtained. Ind Tech House Consult accepts no responsibility or liability for the consequences of this document being used for a purpose other than the purpose for which it was commissioned. Any person using or relying on the document for such other purpose agrees, and will by such use or reliance be taken to confirm his agreement to indemnify Ind Tech House Consult for all loss or damage resulting there from. Ind Tech House Consult accepts no responsibility or liability for this document to any party other than the person by whom it was commissioned.

DECLARATION BY EXPERTS

Declaration by Experts Contributing to the Environmental Impact Assessment for DEVELOPMENT OF COMMERCIAL BUILDING LP-1B-03 AT GATEWAY DISTRICT OF AEROCITY, IGI AIRPORT, NEW DELHI I, hereby, certify that I was a part of the EIA team in the following capacity that developed the above Report.

EIA coordinator: Mr. Suman Banerjee

Signature and Date:

Period of Involvement: Nov 2018 to till date

Contact Information: M/s Ind Tech House Consult, G-8/6, GF, Sector-11, Rohimi, Delhi-110085

Functional Area Experts:

S. Functional Involvement Name of the expert/s Signature and date NO. areas (period and tasks) Nov 2018 to till date Study about Air pollution 1 AP Mr. Suman Banerjee (FAE) source, impacts, mitigation measures and management Nov 2018 to till date Study about Water Pollution source, usage, impacts, 2 WP Mr. Suman Banerjee (FAE) mitigation measures, anagement, Water quality, water conservation Nov 2018 to till date Study about classification of 3 SHW Mr. SoumyaDwivedi (FAE) solid waste, treatment method, disposal technics etc. Nov 2018 to till date Study about Socio- Dr. Debashish Bhttacharya 4 SE economic survey, (FAE) demographic of study area etc. Nov 2018 to till date Study about ecologically sensitive area of study area, 5 EB Dr. BidehShukla (FAE) existing flora/fauna, national park & wildlife sanctuaries etc. Nov 2018 to till date Study about soil charatorstic, conservation 6 SC Dr. BidehShukla (FAE) measures, impacts on land and mitigation measures etc. Nov 2018 to till date Dr. Manoj Kr. Mishra (FAE) Study about ambient noise 7 NV Mr. Suman Banerjee (Team qiality, source, impacts, Member) mitigation measures, traffic S. Functional Involvement Name of the expert/s Signature and date NO. areas (period and tasks) survey etc.

Nov 2018 to till date Study about existing land use of the study area as per 8 LU Mr. Manish Shukla (FAE) Master Plan, study of draiange pattern, topography of the area, etc.

Declaration:

I, Suman Banerjee, hereby confirm that the above mentioned experts prepared the EIA of proposed Development of Commercial Building LP-1B-03 At Gateway District Of Aerocity, IGI Airport, New Delhi. I also confirm that the consultant organization shall be fully accountable for any mis-leading information mentioned in this statement.

Name: Suman Banerjee Designation: EIA Coordinator Name of the EIA consultant organization: M/s Ind Tech House Consult NABET Certificate No. & Issue Date: NABET/EIA/1821/RA 0098 valid till 31.01.2021 ENVIRONMENT CLERANCEFOR DEVELOPMENT OF DELHI INTERNATIONAL COMMERCIAL BUILDING AS LP-1B-03 AT GATEWAY AIRPORT LIMITED DISTRICT OF AEROCITY, IGI AIRPORT, NEW DELHI EIA

Table of Contents

TOR COMPLIANCE...... 7

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...... 11

1.0 INTRODUCTION ...... 18

1.1 PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT ...... 18 1.1.1 Preamble ...... 18

1.2 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT & PROJECT PROPONENT ...... 18 1.2.1 Project Background ...... 18 1.2.2 Project Proponent ...... 19

1.3 NATURE, SIZE & LOCATION OF THE PROJECT ...... 19 1.3.1 Nature & Size of the Project ...... 19 1.3.2 LOCATION ...... 19

1.4 LEGISLATION(S)/ ORDERS PASSED BY ANY COURT OF LAS/ ANY OTHER STATUTORY AUTHORITY...... 20

1.5 SCOPE OF THE STUDY ...... 20

1.6 EIA METHODOLOGY ...... 20

1.7 STRUCTURE OF THE REPORT ...... 22

2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ...... 23

2.1 GOAL AND OBJECTIVE OF THE PROPOSED PROJECT ...... 23

2.2 TYPE OF PROJECT ...... 23

2.3 NEED OF PROJECT ...... 23

2.4 LOCATION OF THE PROJECT ...... 24

2.5 SITE CONNECTIVITY ...... 24

2.6 PROJECT SITE AND SURROUNDING WITHIN 500 M RADIUS ...... 26

2.7 INTERNAL ROAD NETWORK AND MAIN ROAD CONNECTIVITY ...... 26

2.8 SIZE OR MAGNITUDE OF THE RPOJECT ...... 28

2.9 PROPOSED SCHEDULE FOR APPROVAL AND IMPLEMENTATION ...... 28

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2.10 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ...... 28 2.10.1 SITE LAYOUT PLAN ...... 28 2.10.2 Land Use Distribution ...... 30 2.10.3 Area Statement & Project Salient Features: ...... 30 2.10.4 Population ...... 31

2.11 Utilities & Infrastructure Required During Construction and Operation Phase ...... 31 2.11.1 Water Requirement & Supply ...... 31 2.11.2 Sewage Disposal ...... 34 2.11.3 Solid Waste Facility ...... 34 2.11.4 Power Requirement and Supply ...... 35 2.11.5 Fuel Requirements ...... 35 2.11.6 Parking ...... 35 2.11.7 Landscaping & Green Area Details ...... 36 2.11.8 Rain Water Harvesting ...... 36 2.11.9 Fire Fighting Facility ...... 36 2.11.10 Building Materials for Construction ...... 37

2.12 Resettlement and Rehabilitation ...... 38

2.13 Cost of the Project ...... 38

2.14 Mitigation Measures ...... 38

2.15 Assessment of New Technologies ...... 39

3.0 DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT ...... 40

3.1 Introduction ...... 40

3.2 Methodology of Conducting Baseline Study ...... 40

3.3 Criteria for Baseline Environment Study ...... 40

3.4 Components and Parameters for Baseline Environment Study ...... 41

3.5 Physical Environment ...... 44 3.5.1 Land Use Pattern ...... 44 3.5.2 Landuse pattern within Project Site ...... 44 3.5.3 Topography & Contour ...... 46 3.5.4 Drainage Pattern ...... 49

3.6 Geology ...... 52 3.6.1 Geomorphology ...... 52

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3.6.2 Drainage ...... 52 3.6.3 Hydrogeology ...... 52

3.7 SOIL QUALITY ...... 53 3.7.1 Soil characteristics ...... 53 3.7.2 Observations ...... 56

3.8 AIR ENVIRONMENT ...... 57 3.8.1 Meteorological Data from Secondary Sources ...... 57 3.8.2 Temperature ...... 57 3.8.3 Precipitation...... 59 3.8.4 Cloud Cover ...... 59 3.8.5 Wind Speed ...... 60 3.8.6 Wind-rose ...... 61 3.8.7 Atmospheric stability ...... 66 3.8.8 Mixing height ...... 67 3.8.9 Averaged Meteorological Data ...... 67 3.8.10 Windrose ...... 67

3.9 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY ...... 69 3.9.1 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring ...... 69 3.9.2 Observations ...... 72

3.10 Water Environment ...... 73 3.10.1 Water Quality Monitoring ...... 73 3.10.2 Observations Surface Water Quality ...... 75 3.10.3 Observations (Ground water) ...... 76

3.11 Noise Environment ...... 77 3.11.1 Noise Quality ...... 78 3.11.2 Observations ...... 81

3.12 BIOLOGICAL ENVIORNMENT ...... 81 3.12.1 Flora ...... 81 3.12.2 Fauna ...... 84 3.12.3 Conservation Plan for peacock...... 86

3.13 Socio Economic Environment ...... 87 3.13.1 Demographic Profile of District ...... 87 3.13.2 Amenities ...... 88

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4.0 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES ...... 90

4.1 Pollution Sources ...... 90

4.2 Potential Impacts ...... 93

4.3 Impacts Due to Project Location ...... 95 4.3.1 Displacement of People ...... 95 4.3.2 Change of Land use ...... 96 4.3.3 Landscaping and Shelterbelt Development ...... 96 4.3.4 Shifting of Utilities...... 96 4.3.5 Impact on Archaeological Property ...... 96

4.4 Impact Due To Project Construction ...... 96 4.4.1 Pressure on Local Infrastructure ...... 96 4.4.2 Impact on Soil ...... 96 4.4.3 Impact on Water Quality ...... 97 4.4.4 Impact on Air Quality ...... 99 4.4.5 Impact on Noise Quality ...... 99 4.4.6 Socio-economic Impacts ...... 101

4.5 Impacts Due To Project Operation ...... 101 4.5.1 Air Environment ...... 101 4.5.2 Noise Environment ...... 106 4.5.3 Traffic Congestion/ Increase ...... 107 4.5.4 WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT AND DISPOSAL ...... 108 4.5.5 Solid Waste ...... 109 4.5.6 Socio Economic Impacts ...... 109

5.0 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES (TECHNOLOGY & SITE) ...... 111

5.1 Use of Environment Friendly Materials ...... 111

5.2 Building Materials ...... 111

5.3 Green Buildings...... 112

5.4 Resource Conservation and Recycling ...... 113

5.5 Indoor Environmental Quality ...... 113

5.6 Community Issues to Be Kept In View At The Time Of Designing...... 113

5.7 Energy Conservation ...... 113

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5.7.1 Other Energy Conservation Measures ...... 113

5.8 Awareness Programme ...... 114

5.9 Conclusion ...... 114

6.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME ...... 115

6.1 Preamble ...... 115

6.1 Water Quality Monitoring ...... 119

6.2 Air And Noise Quality Monitoring ...... 119

6.3 Compilation And Analysis of Data and Reporting System ...... 120

7.0 ADDITIONAL STUDIES ...... 122

7.1 RISK ASSESSMENT ...... 122

7.2 Disaster Management Plan (DMP) ...... 122

7.3 Risk Hazard & its control measures ...... 123

7.4 Earthquake ...... 125 7.4.1 Response Procedures for Occupants ...... 125 7.4.2 Response Procedure for Emergency Team ...... 126

7.5 Seismicity ...... 126

7.6 Flood ...... 128 7.6.1 Flood in Delhi-NCR ...... 128 7.6.2 History of Flood in Yamuna River, Delhi ...... 130

7.7 Fire ...... 130 7.7.1 Instructions for occupants ...... 131

7.8 Emergency Response Plan (ERP) ...... 131

8.0 PROJECT BENEFITS ...... 133

8.1 General...... 133

8.2 Improvement in Physical Infrastructure ...... 133

8.3 Improvement in Social Infrastructure ...... 133

8.4 Employment Potential ...... 133

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8.5 Corporate Environment Responsibility ...... 133

8.6 Benefits To Women ...... 134

8.7 Environmental Benefits ...... 134

9.0 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN ...... 135

9.1 Preamble ...... 135

9.2 Environmental Management Cell ...... 135

9.3 Sewage Treatment Plant ...... 143

9.4 Emission From DG Sets ...... 144

10.0 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION ...... 145

11.0 DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT ...... 146

List of Annexure Annexure 1……….. TOR Letter Annexure 2……….. ECBC Report Annexure 3……….. Traffic Study Report Annexure 4……….. Water and sewer assurance letter Annexure 5……….. Power Assurance Letter Annexure 6……….. Baseline monitoring report Annexure 7……….. NABET Accreditation latter of EIA Consultant Annexure 8……….. NABL Certificate of Laboratory

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TOR COMPLIANCE

S. No. ToR Points Compliance 1. Examine details of land use as per Master Plan Dial Master Plan and Google map showing the and land use around 10 km radius of the land use of the project site are given as Figure- project site. Analysis should be made based on 1.1 and Figure-2.2 of REIA report. Land use latest satellite imagery for land use with raw map of the project site is shown as Figure-3.1 images. Check on flood plain of any river. and covered in Table-3.3. 2. Submit details of environmentally sensitive Details of environmentally sensitive places, places, land acquisition status, rehabilitation rehabilitation of communities etc. is given in of communities/ villages and present status of Table-3.4, of REIA report. such activities. 3. Examine baseline environmental quality along Projected incremental load due to the with projected incremental load due to the proposed project is given in Section-4.6 of project. REIA report. 4. Environmental data to be considered in The same has been covered under Chapter3 relation to the project development would be of REIA report. Average soil analysis and (a) land, (b) groundwater, (c) surface water, water quality monitoring results is given in (d) air, (e) bio-diversity, (f) noise and Table-3.5 and Table 3.18 A&B respectively. vibrations, (g) socio economic and health. Average result of ambient air quality has been given in Table-3.16, whereas, noise monitoring report has been covered in Table- 3.23 of REIA report. 5. Submit a copy of the contour plan with slopes, Contour and Drainage pattern are given in drainage pattern of the site and surrounding Figure 3.3 and 3.4 of Chapter-3 of EIA report area. Any obstruction of the same by the respectively. project 6. Submit the details of the trees to be felled for No tree cutting is involved in the project. the project. 7. Submit the present land use and permission The land use of the study area is commercial required for any conversion such as forest, and shown on DIAL Master plan as Figure-1.1 agriculture etc. of REIA report. 8. Submit Roles and responsibility of the Roles and responsibility of the developer for developer etc for compliance of compliance of environmental regulations environmental regulations under the under the provisions of EP Act has been provisions of EP Act. covered in Section 9.2 of REIA Report.

9. Ground water classification as per the Central Covered in Chapter-3, section 3.15.2 of REIA Ground Water Authority. report. 10. Examine the details of Source of water, water Details of source of water, water requirement, use of treated waste water and requirement, use of treated waste water and prepare a water balance chart. water balance chart has been covered in section 2.2 in REIA Report.

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S. No. ToR Points Compliance

11. Rain water harvesting proposals should be Rain water harvesting proposals is provided made with due safeguards for ground water under section 2.12.8 quality. Maximize recycling of water and utilization of rain water. Examine details. 12. Examine soil characteristics and depth of Soil a characteristic of the study area is given ground water table for rainwater harvesting. in section 3.15. Rain water harvesting proposals is provided under section 2.12.8 13. Examine details of solid waste generation Details of solid waste generation, treatment treatment and its disposal. and its disposal have been discussed under Section-2.23 of REIA report. 14. Examine and submit details of use of solar Details of use of solar energy and alternative energy and alternative source of energy to source of energy to reduce the fossil energy reduce the fossil energy consumption. Energy consumption have been discussed under conservation and energy efficiency. Section-5.8 of REIA report. Detailed ECBC study has also been conducted and attached as Annexure-1 15. DG sets are likely to be used during Atmospheric dispersion modelling has been construction and operational phase of the done to understand the impact due to project. Emissions from DG sets must be taken operation of DG sets. It has been covered into consideration while estimating the under Section-4.6 of Chapter-4 of REIA impacts on air environment. Examine and report. submit details. 16. Examine road/rail connectivity to the project The same has been covered under Section- site and impact on the traffic due to the 2.5 of Chapter-2 of REIA report. Impact on proposed project. Present and future traffic the traffic due to the proposed project is and transport facilities for the region should discussed in Traffic Analysis report. Refer be analyzed with measures for preventing Annexure-2 traffic congestion and providing faster trouble free system to reach different destinations in the city. 17. A detailed traffic and transportation study Traffic Analysis report is attached as should be made for existing and projected Annexure-2 passenger and cargo traffic. 18. Examine the details of transport of materials Details of transport of materials for for construction which should include source construction and its source have been given and availability. under Section-2.12.10 of REIA report. 19. Examine separately the details for Environmental Management Plan and construction and operation phases both for Environmental Monitoring Plan have been Environmental Management Plan and given as Chapter-10and Chapter-6 in REIA Environmental Monitoring Plan with cost and report. parameters.

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S. No. ToR Points Compliance 20. Submit details of a comprehensive Disaster Disaster Management Plan has been given as Management Plan including emergency Chapter-7 in REIA report. evacuation during natural and man-made disaster. 21. Details of litigation pending against the There is no litigation against the project. project, if any, with direction /order passed by any Court of Law against the Project should be given. 22. The cost of the project (capital cost and EMP cost is given in Chapter-9 of EIA report. recurring cost) as well as the cost towards implementation of EMP should be clearly spelt out. 23. Any further clarification on carrying out the Noted. above studies including anticipated impacts due to the project and mitigative measure, project proponent can refer to the model ToR available on Ministry website "http://moef.nic.in/Manual/Townships". Additional ToR 1 The EIA would study the impact of dewatering Not Involved and draw up an action plan for disposalof the excess water. 2 The Air Quality Index shall be calculated for Given under section 3.5, Page no. 68 of the base level air quality. EIA report . 3 A detailed report on compliance to ECBC Detailed ECBC Compliance report is attached norms. as Annexure-I 4 The EIA should examine the possibilities of net Refer ECBC Compliance report under zero energy consumption. Annexure-I 5. A certificate from the local body supplying Water assurance is attached as Annexure-III water, specifying the total annual water availability with the local authority, the quantity of water already committed, thequantity of water allotted to the project under consideration and the balance wateravailable. This should be specified separately for ground water and surface watersources, ensuring that there is no impact on other users. 6. An assessment of the cumulative impact of all Traffic Study has been conducted and development and increased inhabitationbeing attached as Annexure-II carried out or proposed to be carried out by

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S. No. ToR Points Compliance the project or other agencies in the core area, shall be made for traffic densities and parking capabilities in a 05 kms radius from the site. A detailed traffic management and a traffic decongestion plandrawn up through an organization of repute and specializing in Transport Planning shall be submitted with the EIA. The Plan to be implemented to the satisfaction of the State Urban Development and Transport Departments shall also include the consent of all the concerned implementing agencies.

7. The permission of the CGWA for abstraction of No ground water extraction involved in the ground water and for basement/excavation proposed project. Dewatering permission is dewatering. not required as ground water table is more than 40m. 8. A certificate of adequacy of available power Power assurance letter is attached as from the agency supplying power to Annexure-IV theproject along with the load allowed for the project. 9. A certificate from the competent authority for Permission from DIAL is attached as discharging treated effluent/ untreated Annexure III effluents into the Public sewer/disposal/drainage systems along with the final disposal point. 10. A certificate from the competent authority Will be submitted at the time of handling municipal solid wastes, indicating the presentation. existing civic capacities of handling and their adequacy to cater to the M.S.W. generated from project. 11. Plan for Corporate Environment Responsibility CER will be provided as per Ministry’s Office (CER) as specified under Ministry’s Office Memorandum vide F.No. 22-65/2017-IA.III Memorandum vide F.No. 22-65/2017-IA.III dated 1st May 2018. dated 1st May 2018 shall be prepared and submitted along with EIA Report.

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1. INTRODUCTION M/s Delhi International Airport Limited proposes for development of Commercial building at LP-1B-03 at Gateway District of Aerocity, IGI Airport, New Delhi.

The project has issued TOR from EAC, MoEF&CC dated 30.11.2018 however, due to some change in areas, the project has taken amendment in TOR from EAC, MoEF&CC dated 07.03.2019. the report is prepared on the basis of ToR Granted.

The project falls under Item 8(b) with built up area more than 1,50,000sq m (Township and Area Development projects) of the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Notification dated September 14, 2006.

This report includes the Identification and Prediction of significant environmental impacts due to the proposed project along with an appropriate Environmental Management Plan both for the construction phase and for its operation and maintenance later on the basis of the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Notification dated September 14, 2006.

2. NEED OF EIA STUDY Rapid industrialization and population explosion in India has led to the migration of peoples from villages to cities which increase human settlement in world’s growing cities and towns. This generates several issues with regard to the environment. In order to study either its beneficial or harmful effect; evaluation of any project through EIA has become a must. Undertaking EIA for construction industry and improving site management can reduce environmental impacts both on and off site.

The EIA study is necessary to prepare a detailed account of environmental impact of the proposed activity so that appropriate interventions could be taken. Ministry of Environment and Forests, the controlling authority has issued mandatory requirements for regulation. A Gazette Notification on Environmental Impact Assessment (Amendment) was issued on 14th September, 2006. This defines “Requirements and procedures for seeking environmental clearance of projects” vis-à-vis a list of activities requiring prior Environmental Clearance. Accordingly, the proposed project falls under the category for which EIA study is essential.

This project has been designed as per EIA Notification from the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF&CC) under its recent notification, applicable local bylaws and others Rules and regulations. The Executive Summary summarizes the findings of the EIA study undertaken in accordance with the TOR issued by concern Authority and EIA guidelines. The summary is intended to provide and overview of prevailing baseline conditions, key environmental issues and their likely impacts and also list the major recommended mitigation measures to attenuate the impacts

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3. PROJECT DESCRIPTION The proposed project is planned having gross plot area 32,189 sqm located at LP-1B-03 at Gateway District of Aerocity, IGI Airport, New Delhi.The total built up area will be 3,27,428 sqm. Adequate parking area is proposed in basements. Salient features are given in Table 1.0. Location of the project site is shown in Figure-1.0.

Table-1 : Salient Features of the project site Plot Area Related Information Plot Area 32189 sqm Ground Coverage Area Proposed 17382 sqm Open Area/Circulation/Parking 11587 sqm Green Area 3220 sqm Building Related Information Type of Use Office cum Retail No. of Floor of Building 6B+G+9 Maximum Height of the building 40.003 m FAR in Office Area 114006 sqm FAR in Retail 20119 sqm FAR Area Achieved 134125 sqm Other Non FAR Area 25927 sqm Total Area without Basement 160052 sqm Number of Basement 6 Basement Area under Non FAR 167376 sqm Total Built up area 327428 sqm Number of Floors G+9

Population Related Working Population Office 11400 Nos. Working Population in Retail 670 Nos. Total Working Population 12070 Nos. Floating Population in Office 2280 Nos. Floating Population in Retail 6035 Nos. Total Floating Population 8315 Nos. Service Personnel 120 Nos. Water Calculation Source of water Delhi Jal Board Fresh Water Requirement Office 296 kld Flushing Water Req. Office 251 kld Fresh Water Retail 46.925 kld Flushing water Retail 73.75 kld Fresh Water Service Personnel 3 kld Flushing Water Service Personnel 2.4 kld Sewage Generated 605 kld STP Capacity 725 kld

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Treated Waste Water Generated 545 kld HVAC Water Requirement (212 Fresh + 209 420 kld Recycled) DG Cooling Water Requirement 5.4 kld Landscape Water Req 3.22 kld Quantity of Sewage Generation 605 kld Total Fresh water Required 558 kld Total Water Requirement 1102 kld Power Source of Power BSES Power Requirement 8000 kVA HVAC Capacity 4200 TR DG Backup (number x kVA) 3000 kVA

Parking Parking Required 3 ECS / 100 sqm FAR Parking Required 4023.75 ECS Parking Provided 4024 ECS

Solid Waste Generation Quantity of Solid Waste Generation 3.05 TPD

Figure 1.0 : Location of the Project Site

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3. BASELINE STUDY OF THE PROJECT The baseline environmental status was assessed based on primary and secondary data collected through on-site field observations and obtained from agencies such as IMD, Geological Survey of India, State Ground Water Department, Central Ground Water Board, State Pollution Control Board, Census of India and Local Forest Department. The following environmental components were focused at during this study:

 Air Environment (Ambient Air Quality)  Water Environment (Quality and Quantity of Surface and Groundwater sources)  Land Environment (Geology, Hydrogeology, Land use)  Ecological Environment (Terrestrial and Aquatic Flora & Fauna)  Socio-Economic Environment (Demographic profile)

The baseline status collated from analysis of secondary and primary data is summarized in Table-2.0.

Table 1.0 : Baseline Status Collated from Analysis of Secondary and Primary Data Attribute Baseline status Meteorology In summer, i.e. from March to June, the weather remains hot and the temperature ranges from a maximum of 48 °C to a minimum of 28 °C. Monsoon season prevails during mid-June to mid-September.

The cold waves from the Himalayan region makes the winters in the study area chilly and harsh. Temperatures fall to as low as 3 to 4 °C at the peak of winters. Study area also has fog problem. In January, a dense fog envelops the city, reducing visibility on the streets. (Source: IMD 1961-1991) Ambient Air Ambient air quality was monitored at six locations in the study area. 3 3 Quality The value of PM2.5 varies from 128.23µg/m to 135.27µg/m , PM10 3 3 varies from 236.96µg/m to 245.15 µg/m , SO2 varies from 20.42 3 3 3 3 µg/m to 23.27 µg/m , NO2 varies from 31.81 µg/m to 36.61 µg/m and CO was observed 0.88 to 0.93 µg/m3. (Source: Primary data from Baseline information for the period Dec 2018 to Feb 2019(IR&DH)) Noise Levels Noise monitoring was carried out at six locations. The results of the monitoring program indicate that the daytime noise level varies from 56.40 to 64.09 dB(A) and night time levels ranges between 50.47 to 54.2 dB(A. (Source: Primary data from Baseline information for the period Dec 2018 to Feb 2019(IR&DH)) Water Quality Ground water sample was analyzed to access the water quality of the study area. Ground water in the area conforms to the IS:10500. Soil Quality Soil sample was collected from the project site. Soil sample was analyzed to access the soil quality of the study area. Primary nutrient shows that the soil is moderately fertile.

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Attribute Baseline status (Source: Primary data from Baseline information for the period Dec 2018 to Feb 2019(IR&DH)) Biological The regions are covered by indigenous floral species. Common animals Environment and birds are predominant in the area. There is no rare or endangered species and the project site is devoid of nesting or breeding ground. Impact on flora and fauna has been assessed but it was found to be insignificant. Socio-economy The area is predominantly residential and the surrounding of the project site is as per local development plan of DDA.

4. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

4.1 IMPACTS: - Impact of the project during construction phase, operation phase has been predicted.

- Impact in air due to the construction and operation stages of the project were predicted quantitatively using models such as AERMOD for air dispersion calculations.

- Impact on ground water and noise level has been predicted.

- Impact on flora and fauna has been assessed but it was found to be insignificant.

- It is summed up that the impacts are minimum and temporary in nature

4.2 MITIGATION MEASURES: Air Pollution - During the construction phase, operation of construction equipment and vehicles will be the main sources of pollution. A dust control plan will be implemented and regular maintenance of vehicles and equipment will be carried out. - During the operation phase, emissions from DG sets and emissions due to vehicular movement. Adequate mitigation measures shall be implemented.

Noise Pollution - During the construction phase, adequate mitigation measures such as controlled time of construction, job rotation and workers shall be provided with ear plugs etc. will be implemented.

- During the operation phase, the sources of noise emissions shall be from vehicular movement. Noise enclosures shall be provided wherever possible.

Water Pollution - During the construction phase, a septic tank shall be provided to treat the domestic waste water generated due to labor settlements.

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- During operation phase, runoff from the site will be drained to rainwater collection chamber, which will be reused for the gardening etc.

Ecology There is no damage in the ecological environment. The project will have adequate green area, this will enhance the ambience of the project site.

Socio Economic Environment The proposed project will lead to employment generation and will have a positive impact on the socio economic environment..

5. ENVIRONMENT MONITORING PLAN Environmental monitoring plan has been formed as a part of the EIA report to ensure that there is no vulnerable change in the environmental parameters due to the project and the proposed Management Plan is being implemented.

6. ADDITIONAL STUDIES

Analysis of alternative building materials in township projects can help to identify sources which can lead to energy conservation to a great extent as well as use of recyclable materials thereby taking a step forward towards sustainability.

The conventional materials and methods of construction are energy intensive in nature. Scope of this section covers the selection guidelines for alternate materials and technologies at various stages of building construction.

7. PROJECT BENEFITS Proposed commercial complex will help in enhancing the commercial activity in the area and will also generate employment in both construction and operation phase.

8. ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN

The project proponent will be responsible for implementing the Environmental Management Plan. For the effective implementation of the EMP, an Environmental Management System (EMS) will be established at the proposed project. The EMS will include the following:-

- An Environmental Management cell

- Environmental Monitoring Program

- Personnel Training

- Regular Environmental Audits and Corrective Action

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- Documentation – Standard operating procedures Environmental Management Plans and other records.

9. CONCLUSION

Implementation of this project will have multiple benefits:

 Building construction project requires a large number of manpower in the form of labors. Though the surrounding area is urbanized, there are still plenty of unemployed persons who can be engaged as local labors.

 Local people may be engaged during construction and operation as security personal and maintenance staffs for this project which will have economical and social impact on the unemployed youths.

 The community can look forward to benefit due to more jobs and also better access to utilities. The benefit relate to the direct employment associated with the construction.

 During the operation phase there will be considerable opportunities of employment due to demand of domestic help and other such requirements of the habitants of the project.

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1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT

1.1.1 Preamble Delhi International Airports Limited (DIAL), a GMR led consortium announced that it has awarded the right to design, develop, finance, construct, operate, manage and maintain a Commercial Development Project at Gateway and Downtown Districts of Aerocity at Indira Gandhi International Airport.

DIAL initiated the 2nd phase of its Airport Land Development at Delhi Airport popularly known as Aerocity, through two new precincts- Gateway and Downtown Districts- planned next to now successfully operational Hospitality District (Phase 1). Existing Hospitality, Commercial and Retail Developments at Hospitality district have over past few years established themselves as one of the most coveted addresses in the Capital city for leading global brands.

Building on its legacy of delivering path-breaking world class infrastructure developments in nation's service, GMR led DIAL has designed Aerocity on international design principles to ensure it is one of the leading global business districts. It creates the perfect platform which will redefine India's work culture, bolstered by unique benefits such as superior quality of life, unparalleled connectivity and excellent work-life balance. Aerocity is one of its kind master planned mixed use development which will have a balance of commercial, social infra, and leisure formats.

This development will add tremendous value to the existing Delhi Airport ecosystem and give a much needed impetus to its upcoming expansion plans that was unveiled a few months back.

1.2 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT & PROJECT PROPONENT

1.2.1 Project Background

M/s Delhi International Airport Limited proposes for commercial Colony at LP-01B-03 at Gateway District, IGI Airport, New Delhi, India.

The project has accorded TOR from MoEF&CC & CC vide letter no. F.No. 21-90/2018-IA-III dated 30.11.2018. The project has some changes in designs and due to the same, area details has revised and amendment in TOR was granted from MoEF&CC & CC dated 07.03.2019.

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1.2.2 Project Proponent

The contact name and address of Delhi International Airport Limitedis as given below: Mr. Aman Kapoor, Delhi International Airport Limited, New Udaan Bhawan, Opp. Terminal 3, Indira Gandhi International Airport, New Delhi

1.3 NATURE, SIZE & LOCATION OF THE PROJECT 1.3.1 Nature & Size of the Project M/s Delhi International Airport Limited proposes for commercial complex (office cum retail) at LP-01B-03 at Gateway District, IGI Airport, New Delhi, India. Total Plot Area of the project is 32189 sq. m, whereas, total Built-up area is 327428 sq. m. Maximum number of floors are 6B+G+9. Estimated Cost of project is Rs. 830 Crores.

1.3.2 LOCATION The project is located at Aerocity district of IGI Airport at LP-01B-03 at Gateway District of Aerocity, IGI Airport, New Delhi. The project has conformity with DIAL Master Plan.

Figure 1.1 : Project site on DIAL Master Plan

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1.4 LEGISLATION(S)/ ORDERS PASSED BY ANY COURT OF LAS/ ANY OTHER STATUTORY AUTHORITY

There is no litigation pending or filled against the proposed project and / or directions orders passed by any court of law or any statutory authority against the project

1.5 SCOPE OF THE STUDY

The project falls under Item 8(b) with built up area more than 150,000 sq m (Township and Area Development projects) of the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Notification dated September 14, 2006. The EIA/EMP report has been prepared on the basis of (TOR) issued by EAC (MoEF&CC&CC).

The scope of study is to envisage the environmental changes expected due to the proposed project. To assess the environmental attributes of the study area, core area of 10 Km radius around the proposed project site is considered. The broad scope of the study includes:

i) Literature review to collect data relevant to the study area; ii) Primary data collection coupled with secondary data collection so as to establish the baseline environmental status of the study area; iii) Identify various existing pollution loads due to industrial and domestic activities in the study area; iv) Predict incremental levels of pollutants in the study area due to the proposed industry; v) Evaluate the predicted impacts on the various environmental attributes in the study area by using scientifically developed and widely accepted Environmental Impact. vi) Identification of mitigation measures and preparation of an Environmental Management Plan (EMP) outlining the measures for improving environmental quality and scope for future projects for environmentally sustainable development; vii) Identify critical environmental attributes required to be monitored regularly.

1.6 EIA METHODOLOGY

This EIA/EMP report is based on the observations made by the team during visits to the study area and collection of primary and secondary environmental data. Literatures have also been reviewed and relevant information has been collected for environmental and social baseline. Reconnaissance surveys have been conducted to identify the major environmental issues in the study area. The sampling locations were identified on the basis of:  Existing topography;  Location of water bodies;  Location of villages/ towns/ sensitive areas;  Accessibility, power availability, security of monitoring equipment; and  Areas, which represent baseline conditions.

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The EIA study for the proposed project has been carried out as per the standard Terms of Reference (ToR), issued to the project by EAC and EIA guidelines of the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEF&CC&CC). The EIA methodology for the proposed project has been described in Figure 1.1

Figure-1.2: EIA Methodology

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1.7 STRUCTURE OF THE REPORT

The REIA Report presents the existing baseline scenario, assessment and evaluation of the environmental impacts that may arise during the construction and operation period. Following impact prediction, required mitigation measures and Environmental Monitoring Plan have been formulated. The content of the remainder part of the report is as follows:

Chapter 1: Introduction Chapter 2: Project Description Chapter 3: Description of Environment Chapter 4: Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures Chapter 5: Analysis of Alternatives (Technology & Site) Chapter 6: Environmental Monitoring Program Chapter 7: Additional Studies Chapter 8: Project Benefits Chapter 9: Environmental Cost Benefit Analysis (Not applicable, as not recommended in Scoping) Chapter 10: Environment Management Plan Chapter 11: Summary & Conclusion Chapter 12: Disclosure of Consultant

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2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

2.1 GOAL AND OBJECTIVE OF THE PROPOSED PROJECT  To describe the proposed project and associated works together with the requirements for carrying out the proposed development.

 To identify and describe the elements of the community and environment likely to be affected by the proposed developments.

 To establish the baseline environmental and social scenario of the project site and its surroundings.

 To identify, predict and evaluate environmental and social impacts expected to rise during the construction and usage of the project in relation to the sensitive receptors.

 To develop an Environmental Management Plan that identifies the negative impacts and develops mitigation measures so as to minimize pollution, environmental disturbance and nuisance during construction and operation of the development.

 To design and specify the monitoring requirements necessary to ensure the implementation and the effectiveness of the mitigation measures adopted.

2.2 TYPE OF PROJECT The project is a commercial project having Retail cum office space. The project is located at Aerocity DIAL at plot no. LP-01B-03, Gateway district of IGI Airport, New Delhi.

2.3 NEED OF PROJECT Delhi International Airports Limited (DIAL), a GMR led consortium announced that it has awarded the right to design, develop, finance, construct, operate, manage and maintain a Commercial Development Project at Gateway and Downtown Districts of Aerocity at Indira Gandhi International Airport.

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This development will add tremendous value to the existing Delhi Airport ecosystem and give a much needed impetus to its upcoming expansion plans that was unveiled a few months back.

2.4 LOCATION OF THE PROJECT

The project is located at Aerocity district of IGI Airport at LP-01B-03 at Gateway District of Aerocity, IGI Airport, New Delhi. The project has conformity with Delhi Master Plan 2021 as well as DIAL Master Plan.

2.5 SITE CONNECTIVITY

Roads & Highways: The sector roads are well connected to the major roads The site is connected with network of roads and is situated at the distance of 0.23 km SE from NH-8, 13.5 km E from NH-2. Almost all the surrounding areas and nearby villages are well connected through road network.

Airport: Indira Gandhi International Airport is adjacent to the site.

Railways: Delhi Cantt. Railway Station is approximately 3.8 km, N from the project site. Delhi Metro Airocity station at Adjacent to site.

Overall the site is very well connected with NCR and nearby towns both by rail and road transport as shown in Figure-2.1

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Figure-2.1: Site Connectivity at Project Site

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2.6 PROJECT SITE AND SURROUNDING WITHIN 500 M RADIUS

The site surroundings comprise of commercial setup and the land use in the surrounding area is commercial. The details of the surrounding features have been given below and shown in Figure-2.2.

2.7 INTERNAL ROAD NETWORK AND MAIN ROAD CONNECTIVITY

The project site is approachable fromNH-8. The project will provide separate entry & exit gates for smooth flow of traffic and to avoid traffic congestion.

The internal road network of the proposed project will be developed in such a manner that it will not only cater to various buildings but also integrate the whole complex in an interesting composition of built masses and open spaces as well will allow smooth traffic movement inside the complex. The internal road width will be 5.5 m - 7.5 m.

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A PROJECT SITE A 28° 33' 09.64"N , B 77° 07' 27.88" E B 28° 33’ 08.38"N , 77° 07' 32.71" E D C 28° 33' 02.08"N , C 77° 07' 29.99" E D 28° 33' 02.95"N , 77° 07' 25.80" E

Figure-2.2: Site Features within 500 m Boundary of Project Site

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2.8 SIZE OR MAGNITUDE OF THE RPOJECT

M/s Delhi International Airport Limited proposes for commercial complex (office cum retail) at LP-01B-03 at Gateway District, IGI Airport, New Delhi, India. Total Plot Area of the project is 32189 sq. m, whereas, total Built-up area is 327428 sq. m. Maximum number of floors are 6B+G+9. Estimated Cost of project is Rs. 830 Crores.

2.9 PROPOSED SCHEDULE FOR APPROVAL AND IMPLEMENTATION The proposed project is likely to be completed in 48 months after obtaining Environmental Clearance.

2.10 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

The project will also involve internal development of basic infrastructure such as internal roads, power supply, water supply, sewer and storm water pipe network, waste management system along with landscape development, commercial building with all the ancillary facilities for the occupants within the project premises.

2.10.1 SITE LAYOUT PLAN

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Figure-2.3 Site Layout Plan

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2.10.2 Land Use Distribution

Area details showing proposed uses as commercial, parks, parking, roads, other services, facilities of the project is shown in Figure-2.3

2.10.3 Area Statement & Project Salient Features:

The project will have facilities like water supply, power supply, power backup, adequate parking space in the basement as well on surface, fire fighting system and beautiful landscape. Area statement and salient feature of the proposed project is given in Table- 2.1

Table-2.1: Area Statement & Salient Features of Project Plot Area Related Information Plot Area 32189 sqm Ground Coverage Area Proposed 17382 sqm Open Area/Circulation/Parking 11587 sqm Green Area 3220 sqm Building Related Information Type of Use Office cum Retail No. of Floor of Building 6B+G+9 Maximum Height of the building 40.003 m FAR in Office Area 114006 sqm FAR in Retail 20119 sqm FAR Area Achieved 134125 sqm Other Non FAR Area 25927 sqm Total Area without Basement 160052 sqm Number of Basement 6 Basement Area under Non FAR 167376 sqm Total Built up area 327428 sqm Number of Floors G+9

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Flushing Water Req. Office 251 kld Fresh Water Retail 46.925 kld Flushing water Retail 73.75 kld Fresh Water Service Personnel 3 kld Flushing Water Service Personnel 2.4 kld Sewage Generated 605 kld STP Capacity 725 kld Treated Waste Water Generated 545 kld HVAC Water Requirement (212 Fresh + 209 420 kld Recycled) DG Cooling Water Requirement 5.4 kld Landscape Water Req 3.22 kld Quantity of Sewage Generation 605 kld Total Fresh water Required 557 kld Total Water Requirement 1102 kld Power Source of Power BSES Power Requirement 8000 kVA HVAC Capacity 4200 TR DG Backup (number x kVA) 3000 kVA

Parking Parking Required 3 ECS / 100 sqm FAR Parking Required 4023.75 ECS Parking Provided 4024 ECS

Solid Waste Generation Quantity of Solid Waste Generation 3.05 TPD

The project has been designed as per applicable building bye laws, NBC 2016.

2.10.4 Population During construction phase, labor camp with provision of mobile toilets is planned at the site. However, few people from other nearby area may migrate in this area for business opportunities.

During the operation phase of the project, there will be permanent influx of the population in the form of Staffs of the proposed commercial complex. The total population associated with the proposed development will be 20,505 persons.

2.11 Utilities & Infrastructure Required During Construction and Operation Phase

2.11.1 Water Requirement & Supply Construction phase

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The water requirement for the construction purposes is estimated to be 125KLD during peak construction activity. Water requirement for laborers to be deployed at site for construction activities are also estimated, based on the assumption that they will be staying at the site. The estimated domestic water requirement during construction phase is approximately 21.25 KLD. During construction phase, water demand will be met through authorized tankers. Details of water requirement have been tabulated below:

Operation phase

During operation phase, fresh water will be sourced from DJB water supply system. The total water demand during operation phase is 1102KLD. Out of this, total fresh water requirement (met from DJB water supply system) has been estimated as 558 KLD. The balance water demand will be met through recycling of treated wastewater from onsite STP. Details of water demand and source are given below in Table-2.2. & 2.3 (Water Balance Diagram Figure-2.4 respectively.

Table-2.2: Water Demand during operation phase

S. No Particular Details 1 Fresh 558KLD 2 Treated water 545KLD 3 Total 1102KLD

Table-2.3: Break up of total water demand

SN Particulars Water Demand (KLD) 1 Total Water Demand 1102 2 Fresh Water Requirement 558 3 Treated Water Requirement 545 4 Flushing 328 Gardening 3 5 Waste Water Generation 605 6 Capacity of STP Proposed 725

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Figure-2.4: Water Balance Diagram

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2.11.2 Sewage Disposal

During the construction phase, it is expected that waste water will be generated from labor camps & project site, which will be treated in mobile STP. Treated water from mobile STP will be used for sprinkling on road to suppress dust.

During Operation Phase, the total wastewater generated from the proposed project site will be 605 KLD. This wastewater generated will be treated in an on-site sewage treatment plants based on MBBR technique treated upto tertiary level having total design capacity of 725 KLD. The detail design of proposed STP is given in Figure-2.5.

Figure-2.5: Design of STP

2.11.3 Solid Waste Facility

During the operation phase, solid wastes would mainly be i) biodegradable kitchen wastes and other recyclable wastes such as paper wastes, glass, wood pieces, plastic bags etc., ii) e-waste from IT services. The waste generated during operation shall be collected, segregated, transported, disposed and treated in a scientific manner, based on the integrated approach. Table 2.3: Solid waste generation

The possible hazardous wastes during both phases would include used/spent oil from transformer/other utilities classified under hazardous waste category 5.1 as per Hazardous&other Wastes (Management and Transboundry movement) Rules, 2016. The project will handle and dispose of the hazardous wastes as per & other Wastes (Management and Transboundry movement) Rules, 2016 in consultation with the State Pollution Control Board.

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Waste quantification has been done based on the activities proposed in the project master plan. Waste generation factors are selected for each activity based on the National and International standards applicable in similar setting.

2.11.4 Power Requirement and Supply

Construction phase During construction phase, power requirement will be met from BSES power supply and DG sets & through temporary connection of capacity 500 KVA

Operation phase

During operation phase, power demand for the project will be sourced from BSES Rajdhani Limited. Total load for the proposed development is 8000 KVA. Appropriate arrangements for drawing power from electrical sub-stations (ESS) and suitable distribution arrangements will be made.

Power back up will be supplied by DG sets of 3000 KVA. The DG sets will be placed inside the project premises and will be provided with stacks of height as per CPCB norms. Each stack will have sampling port and sampling platform as per Emission Regulation Part III of Central Pollution Control Board. DG sets procured will be of silent type and will maintain CPCB noise emission criteria. All the DG sets will be kept within inbuilt acoustic enclosure. Further the DG sets will be equipped with inbuilt pollution control measures and the emission will conform to the CPCB prescribed standard. Total power demand & back up supply details has been tabulated in Table 2.4.

Table-2.4: Power Demand POWER ELECTRICAL - DEMAND LOAD 8000 KVA POWER BACK UP - DG SETS 3000 KVA DG STACK HEIGHT As per CPCB norms

2.11.5 Fuel Requirements

The fuel (HSD) required for the DG sets will be stored in limited quantity onsite as a reserved stock and it will be stored in drums with proper identification mark/labels in an identified area. All fire and safety measures will be taken as per the guidelines from the concerned authorities.

2.11.6 Parking

Adequate parking facility has been provided in the form of basement parking. Detail of parking required and provided in the proposed project is given in Table-2.5.

Table-2.5: Parking Details

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Parking Parking Required 3 ECS / 100 sqm FAR Parking Required 4024 ECS Parking Provided 4024 ECS

2.11.7 Landscaping & Green Area Details

Proposed project has adequate green area. Landscape development plan prepared for the project includes peripheral & avenue plantation with local species, ornamental as well as large and dense foliage plants especially on the periphery. Green area also includes ground cover, lawns at selected locations and shrubs for shade and reduction of Air and Noise pollution. Trees and plant species for plantation in the project will be as per attached landscape plan.

2.11.8 Rain Water Harvesting

The storm water disposal system for the premises shall be self-sufficient to avoid any collection/stagnation and flooding of water. The amount of storm water run-off depends upon many factors such as intensity and duration of precipitation, characteristics of the tributary area. Rain water will be harvested and the potential for rain water harvesting projected is given as per the table 2.7. Ten rain water harvesting pits at selected locations, which will harvest the maximum run-off from the area. Design specifications of the rain water harvesting plan are as follows:

Catchments/roofs would be accessible for regular cleaning.

The roof will have smooth, hard and dense surface which is less likely to be damaged allowing release of material into the water. Roof painting has been avoided since most paints contain toxic substances and may peel off.

No sewage or wastewater would be admitted into the system.

Table 2.6 Rain Water Harvesting Pit Design Rain Water Harvesting Pit Design (Roof Top Only) Particulars Values Unit Peak hourly rate taken @ 40 mm/hr for 1 Hour 703.97 CUM Peak hourly rate taken @ 40 mm/hr for 20 min duration 234.66 CUM Volume of recharge pit 25.0 CUM No. of recharge pits Proposed 9.39 No. No. of recharge pits Proposed 10 No.

2.11.9 Fire Fighting Facility

The Proposed project will be planned, designed and constructed with adequate fire fighting installations like wet risers, sprinklers, internal hydrants etc. The fire detection

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will be through ionization based smoke detectors. Addressable analogue fire detection and alarm system will be installed on every floor of different blocks. In addition, manually operated 'break-glass' type electrical fire alarm system will be provided. All Fire Fighting provision shall be as per National Building Code 2016 Part IV (Fire & Lift Safety)/Approval from Fire Authority.

2.11.10 Building Materials for Construction

Construction materials as concrete, aggregates etc will be required and shall be made available from the local markets. Aluminium, bricks, stones, marbles, paint, tiles, electrical ware, glass will be purchased from reputed manufacturers. Construction materials will be transported in covered trucks. The construction materials and machineries required for the project construction are given in Table-2.7.

Table-2.7: List of Construction Materials 1 Adhesive 19 Hydrochloric Acid 2 Aggregate – Brick 20 Araldite 3 Aggregate - Over Burnt 21 Hardner 4 Aggregate – Stone 22 Flow Control Agent 5 Aggregate - Stone Chipping 23 Plasticizer 6 Aluminum 24 Bhusa 7 Asbestor Cement Product 25 Hessian Cloth 8 Bitumen Felt Fibres Base 26 Spun Yarn 9 Bitument Hot Sealing 27 Bleaching Powder Compound 10 Butument& Coal Tar 28 Cramp 11 Brackets 29 Paints 12 Bricks 30 Fly Ash 13 Brushes 31 Fittings (for doors & windows) 14 Cement 32 Butt hinges 15 Lime 33 Tower bolt 16 Caustic Soda 34 Brass fitting 17 Water Proofing Compound 35 Cement stays 18 Polymer 36 Cupboard lock 19 Fine Aggregate/Sand 20 Steel 21 Floor tile

SN Machineries 1 Excavators

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2 Concrete Pump 3 Transit Mixer 4 Tower Cranes 5 Bar Bending & cutting machine 6 Bar Shearing Machine 7 Material Hoist 8 Passenger Hoist 9 Wood Cutting Machine 10 Tile Cutting Machine 11 Pumps (curing) 12 Vibrator (Needle) 13 Conc. Testing machine 14 DG Sets

2.12 Resettlement and Rehabilitation

The proposed construction will not cause resettlement and rehabilitation of the population.

2.13 Cost of the Project

The estimated cost of the project including construction and machinery cost is Rs. 830 Crores.

2.14 Mitigation Measures

Air Pollution - During the construction phase, operation of construction equipment and vehicles will be the main sources of pollution. A dust control plan will be implemented and regular maintenance of vehicles and equipment will be carried out. - During the operation phase, emissions from DG sets and emissions due to vehicular movement. Adequate mitigation measures shall be implemented.

- During the operation phase, the sources of noise emissions shall be from vehicular movement. Noise enclosures shall be provided wherever possible.

Water Pollution - During the construction phase, a septic tank shall be provided to treat the domestic waste water generated due to labor settlements.

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- During operation phase, runoff from the site will be drained to rainwater collection chamber, which will be reused for the gardening etc.

Ecology There is no damage in the ecological environment. The project will have adequate green area, this will enhance the ambience of the project site.

Socio Economic Environment The proposed project will lead to employment generation and will have a positive impact on the socio economic environment. Preference to local population shall be given and adequate mitigation measures will be ensured to reduce odor emissions and disease vectors from proposed site.

2.15 Assessment of New Technologies  Use of Environment Friendly Materials: Eco friendly building materials and construction technology will be used for the Project.  Green Buildings Concept: Green building concepts will be encouraged to develop environmental friendly concepts in construction activity. This approach will result in reduction in operating costs like energy and water, besides several intangible benefits.  Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy: During operational Phase, appropriate energy conservation measures & management plan will be adopted in order to minimize the consumptions of non-renewable fuel.  Resource Conservation and Recycling: Use of recyclable products and those with recycled material content, Reuse of building components, equipment, and furnishings.

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3.0 DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT

3.1 Introduction This chapter describes the existing environmental settings in the study area and is based upon the secondary information collected from the published sources, reconnaissance survey, primary socio-economic survey and environmental monitoring of air, noise, soil, ground and surface water in the study area. The major purposes of describing the environmental settings of the study area are:

 To assess the existing environmental quality, as well as the environmental impacts of the future developments being studied.  To identify environmentally significant factors or geographical areas that could preclude any future development.  Additional purposes of the baseline studies are to provide sufficient information so that decision makers can develop an understanding of:  The project need.  Environmental characteristics of the study area.  The basis of establishing the project need.

3.2 Methodology of Conducting Baseline Study

The guiding factors of the present baseline study are the requirements laid down by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) and guidelines as per the Environmental Impact Assessment Notification.

The baseline environmental monitoring has been carried for the period of Dec-2018 to Feb—2019.

For the purpose of the EIA study, the general impact zone for the proposed implementation shall confine within a radius of 10 km from the center of the project site and specific impact within the project area.

This chapter presents the existing baseline environmental status of the project influenced/study area (within the 10 km radius) of the project site. Furthermore, the primary data also have been analyzed from Environmental Monitoring Surveys viz. air quality, water quality, soil quality and noise level, conducted at selected locations within 10 km radius.

3.3 Criteria for Baseline Environment Study

For the purposed of EIA study, the study area has been classified into general study area and core study area. The general study area extends upto 10 km radius from the site and has been studied for any likely general impacts. The core area for the proposed implementation shall confined within a radius of 500 m from the boundary of the project

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site, since the nature of the project is such that most of the potential impacts are likely to occur within this area.

3.4 Components and Parameters for Baseline Environment Study

The various components studied as a part of the baseline study are discussed in the following sections components:  Physical Environment  Air Environment  Noise Environment  Water Environment  Land Environment  Ecological Environment  Socio-Economic Environment

Table- 3.1 gives various environmental attributes considered for formulating environmental baseline and Table-3.2 gives frequency and monitoring methodologies for various environmental attributes.

Table-3.1: Various Environmental Attributes S. No Components Parameters Physical 1 Environment Landuse within 10 km radius from the project Site Land Use Pattern Landuse within project Site Geography & General terrain Topography Relief / Contour, Slope & Terrain of Project Site General Geology of the Area Geology Sub-surface Geology

Geotechnical Investigations at Site Drainage Drainage pattern within 500 m radius of project site

Cropping Pattern Cropping Pattern in the region

2 Air Environment Secondary data for climatic aspects collected from nearest IMD station - temperature, precipitation, wind speed, wind rose, atmospheric stability and mixing height. Meteorological Data Primary data for climatic aspects collected by onsite

meteorological monitoring conducted for one season for relative pressure, temperature, precipitation, humidity, wind speed and wind direction Ambient air quality monitoring at identified locations Parameters: PM , PM , SO2, NOx, and CO Ambient Air Quality 10 2.5 Frequency: 24 hourly sample for PM10, PM2.5 , SO2, NOx, and 8 hourly sample for CO - 2 times a week for 3 month

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S. No Components Parameters 3 Noise Environment Ambient noise quality monitoring at identified locations (Leq day, Leq night) Ambient Noise Frequency: Continuous monitoring (24 hourly) Quality Parameters: Equivalent Noise level in dBA (Leq day &Leq Night) Location: Six Locations 4 Traffic Traffic Analysis Existing Traffic Study and Analysis with future scenario

5 Water Environment Ground water resources in the study area, depth of water Ground Water table Resources and Hydro-geology within project site

Availability During operational Alternate Sustainable Water Management Strategies Groundwater quality near the project site monitored and Water Quality compare with IS 10500 standards 6 Land Environment Study the soil profile of the study area by collecting one grab soil samples from project site Soil Soil type & Characteristics Soil porosity and Permeability Biological 7 Environment Habitat Assessment Assessment of habitation within the project site

Study of flora within 10 km radius and project area Terrestrial Ecology Study of fauna within 10 km radius and project area Socio-economic 8 Environment Genral Socio-economic profile Demographic profile Economic activity and livelihood pattern

Existing Physical & Social Infrastructure Facilities in the Region

Table-3.2: Environmental Attributes: Frequency and Monitoring Method

Sampling Measurement Attributes Remarks Network Frequency Method A. Air Environment

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Sampling Measurement Attributes Remarks Network Frequency Method Gravimetric ; Particulate Matter less CPCB Guidelines than 2.5 µg/m3(PM ) 2.5 2012 Particulate Matter less Gravimetric; 3 than10 µg/m (PM10) IS:5182 (Part - 23) As per Requisite IS:5182 (Part-2) CPCB 24 hourly locations in the Reaffirmed 2012 standards SO (One 2 project Modified West for Season) influenced area &Gaeke Method NAAQS, IS:5182 (Part-6) 2009 NOx Modified Jacob &Hochheiser CO IS:5182 (Part-10) B. Noise Day and Night equivalent noise levels Requisite Day ( 06:00 A.M to 09:00 locations in the Instrument : Noise IS: 4954- One Season PM) project level meter 1981 Night ( 09:00 PM to influenced area 06:00 AM) C. Water Samples for water quality, collected Parameters for water and analyzed as quality: per pH, temp, total  IS : 3025 , suspended solids, total methods for dissolved solids, total sampling and Set of grab hardness, calcium testing of samples at hardness, magnesium Industrial requisite hardness, total alkalinity, One Season effluents and ` locations for chloride, sulphate,  Standard methods ground and nitrate, phosphate, for examination of surface water fluoride, , total water and phosphorus, BOD, COD, wastewater Heavy metals (iron, analysis published arsenic, zinc) Total by American coliforms Public Health Association (APHA). D. Land Environment Parameters for soil Requisite soil One Season Collected and

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Sampling Measurement Attributes Remarks Network Frequency Method quality: pH, texture, samples be analyzed as per electrical conductivity, collected as per soil analysis organic matter, nitrogen, BIS reference book, phosphate, sodium, specifications M.L.Jackson calcium, potassium and within project magnesium. influenced area 3.5 Physical Environment

3.5.1 Land Use Pattern

The objectives of land use studies are:-

 To determine the existing land use pattern in the study area and to assess its compatibility with the proposed development;

 To analyze the impacts on land use in the study area.

The study of land use in the area enables one to know about the present land use practices as well as to know the type of land that can be used for various development activities envisaged in post project scenario. It also enables to envisage the scenario emerging due to the increase in demand for land with increase in population and the impacts arising due to the interface with the various project activities.

Land use and Land Environment of Study Area The existing baseline environmental status of the Project influenced area has been considered within the 10 km radius of the Project site. The database for all environmental components is collected from primary site investigations as well as secondary investigations. Furthermore, the primary data have been obtained from Environmental Monitoring Surveys viz. air quality, water quality, noise level, conducted at selected locations within 10 km radius from boundary of the Project.

3.5.2 Landuse pattern within Project Site

A study of the land use pattern of the project site reveals that the proposed project site is very sparsely vegetated land with very small bushes. There are no habitations, forests and crops within the project site. Land Use map of the 10 km radius of the project site is shown in Figure-3.1and tabulated in Table-3.3.and surrounding features around the project site is shown in Figure 3.2and tabulated in Table 3.4

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Figure-3.1: Land Use map of the 10 km radius of the project site

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Table-3.3: Land use of 10 km radius of the Project Site Particulars Area (in Sq.km.) Percentage (%) Built-up Area 105 33.43 Vegetation 59 18.79 Cropped Land 28 8.92 Plantation 70 22.29 Waste Land 24 7.64 Water Body 1 0.32 Fallow Land 27 8.60 Total 314 100

3.5.3 Topography & Contour Contours are lines that connect points of equal value (such as elevation, temperature, precipitation, pollution, or atmospheric pressure). Contour map is prepared by using surface tool which is present in Spatial analyst tool which can be achieved by using Arc GIS 10.2

• Project site and its surrounding area is situated on Flat terrain. Contour elevation at project site is about 240m AMSL. • Map is showing maximum elevated contour of 290m AMSL in South part of Map. • While lowest contour is located in Western Part of the Map showing 210 m AMSL. • Whitish portion of the map showing completely flat Terrain. • Contour map comprising in 10 km buffer area from the project site is situated on Moderately Flat topography. • Contour topography reveals that terrain is Flat and slopes towards Western direction. • Map is not showing dense contours .while less dense contour occurs in whole Map. • Contour map clearly demonstrate area is structurally controlled and overlain by several Mature stage alluvial depositional Features like Flood Plain Deposits.

The topographical map and contour map of the project area is shown in Figure-3.2& 3.3.

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Figure-3.2: 10 KM Sensitivity Map of the project site on Toposheet

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Figure-3.3: 10 KM Radius Contour Map of the project Site

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3.5.4 Drainage Pattern

The study area displays a variety of drainage pattern which is governed by the arrangement of lithological boundaries, drainage network and distribution of linear structural features such as faults, lineaments and thrusts.

• This drainage map is prepared in10 km radius area from the project site and which covers about 314 SqKm. • After interpretation map reveals 5 no’s of Drainage Orders. • The Lease area & Surrounding area sloping towards 5th order Drainage(Main Stream) • First order drainage(Blue Color) having characteristic situated at high elevation with smallest distance in comparison with other drainage in its drainage Basin. • While Fifth order drainage (Red Colour) situated at lowest elevation and having greater length than other drainage in its drainage Basin. • First, Second, Third & Fourth order of drainage successively meet to fifth order drainage which is the main channel of whole Catchment area and flows towards west direction. • Drainage map is showing dominantly Dendritic to sub dendritic drainage pattern. • Contour map clearly demonstrates area is structurally controlled and overlain by several mature stage alluvial depositional Features like Flood Plain Deposits. • Drainage map showing system is controlled by structurally and Alluvial Terrain.

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Figure-3.4: 10 KM Radius of Drainage Map of the project Site

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Table-3.4: Main surrounding Features

S. No. Particulars Details 1. Nearest National Highway NH 8 0.23 KM SE NH 2 13.5 KM E NH 24 13.8 KM NE NH 236 6.6 KM SE NH 10 13.4 KM N

2. Nearest Railway Station Delhi Cantonment 3.8 km, N Shahbadmohammadpur 11.5 km, N New Delhi Railway Station 13.5 KM NE 3. Nearest Airport Indira Gandhi International Airport: Adjacent to Project site 4. Nearest Town/ City New Delhi 5. River Body Yamuna River: 14.2 KM NE Najafgarh Drain: 9 KM NW 6. Hills/ Valleys Nill 7. Site Topography Plain 8. Archaeologically Nil Important Site 9. National Parks/ Wildlife Asola Wild Life Sanctuary: 14.73 Km SE Sanctuaries/ Forest Central Ridge Reserve Forest: 10.04 Km NE Pusa Hill Forest: 10.09 Km NE Southern Ridge Forest: 9.85 Km NE Rajokri Protected Forest: 3.32 Km SE 10 State Boundary Delhi Haryana border is at 5.4 km SW

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3.6 Geology The area is characterized by unconsolidated quaternary alluvial deposits belonging to middle to late Pleistocene age. The area comprises of silt and clay mixed with kankar in varying proportions. Only 18 sq km area is covered by denudational hills especially in the eastern part of the district. Geological cross sections along Kair–Nicholson range and along Kair–Dwarka–R.K.Puram.

3.6.1 Geomorphology Major part of the district is under yamuna alluvial plain and small part of the district has quartzites on the eastern border of the district.

3.6.2 Drainage The major drainage of the district is Najafgarh drain. Najafgarh drain originates from NajafgarhJheel on Delhi-Haryana border and meets the river yamuna.

3.6.3 Hydrogeology

The hydrogeological studies to understand the local geology, geomorphic features, drainage network, aquifer characteristics and yield of water. Accordingly, various components are controlling the hydrogeological regime.

• Occurrence of Ground Water Ground water systems are a result of the complex combination of different lithological and structural types within an area that together constitute an aquifer within which ground water accumulates and moves. Rather than describing individual lithologies and their tendencies to form aquifers or otherwise, it is useful to describe the ground water as one continuous across various lithological types (Kulkarni and Deolankar, 1995).

Thick pile of alluvium overlies the basement rock and consists of alternate layers of silt, clay, sand and kankar. Nearly fine to medium sand and silt grade sediments occur frequently up to the depth of 50 m along with buff coloured clayey bed admixed with coarse kankars. On the other hand, after the depth of 50 m, thickness of silty–clay and clay (Light yellow) beds with kankars increases with depth. The semi-plastic and plastic clay beds are also common at deeper depth i.e. 80 to 250 m bgl. The granular zone at deeper depth is not as frequent as in the shallower depth. The bed rock has been encountered at many places i.e. in Dhansa (297 m), Pindwalakala (300 m), Toghanpur (298 m) and Jhuljhli (251 m).

• Depth to Water Level (Source: CGWB report, NCT Delhi)

Depth to water level of the district shows large variation. Shallow water level is observed in the south western part of the district while deeper water levels are observed in the eastern part of the district. The depth to water level during pre- monsoon period (May- 2012) in the district ranges from 2.40 to 53.17 m bgl and during post monsoon period (November-2012), it varies from 0.69 to 54.02 m bgl.

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• Seasonal Water Level Fluctuation

The seasonal water level fluctuation has been computed from the water level data obtained from the ground water observation wells monitored in the area during pre- monsoon and post-monsoon periods. Fluctuation in water level is the outcome of mainly the amount of rainfall received by the area and ground water withdrawal taken from the ground water reservoir. The seasonal fluctuation in water level between pre and post monsoon shows rise in water level ranging from 0.25 to 7.18 m and fall ranging from 0.05 to 1.27 m.

• Long Term Water Level Trend

The long-term water level trend analysis in the district over the last 10 years period shows a fall of 0.30 to 6.90 m during the pre-monsoon period and a fall of 0.07 to 6.08 m in during the post-monsoon period.

• Depth to Water Level (Ground Water Year Book 2015-16 NCT Delhi)

The depth to water level recorded in NCT Delhi during May 2015 ranges from 1.20 to 62.22 meter below ground level (m bgl). About 50% wells of South district show more than 40 m bgl water level and 19% wells have 20 to 40 m bgl water level. In New Delhi and Southwest districts, water level in the range of 10 to 20 m bgl is shown by 57% and 35% wells respectively. In North, East and Northwest districts, 29%, 40% and 46% wells show water levels in the range of 5 to10 m bgl respectively. In East, North, Northeast, Northwest, and West districts 30%, 57%, 50%, 29% and 12% of wells show water level in the range of 2 to 5 m bgl respectively. The entire Yamuna flood plain is also falling in the 2 to 5 m bgl category.

The depth to water level recorded in NCT Delhi during November 2015 ranges from 0.72 to 61.13 m bgl. About 50% wells of South district shown more than 40 m bgl water level and in 12% of the wells the water level varies between 20 to 40 m bgl. In Southwest district 35% and 38% wells show fall in the water level category of 10 to 20 and 20 to 40 m bgl respectively. The depth to water level of East, Northeast, Northwest and West districts show 40%, 25%, 34% and 33% in the range of 5 to 10 m bgl whereas in East, North, Northeast, Northwest and West districts the water levels are in the range of 2 to 5 m bgl in 30%, 57%, 25%, 24% and 22% respectively. In the entire Yamuna flood plain the water level are falling between 2 to 5 m bgl during this period.

3.7 SOIL QUALITY

3.7.1 Soil characteristics

Soil Type Of Delhi are classified as Tropical and brown. Major soil type in Delhi is medium textured loamy sand soil. The alluvium in the area comprises silt, sand, gravel,

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clay and kankar (District Disaster Management Plan 2013). It has been observed that the soil texture at site is Silt/Clay.

Figure-3.5: Fence diagram of NCT Delhi Sub Region

Soil sample was collected from one locations, to assess the soil condition in the project influenced area and soil analysis was carried out as per guidelines of USDA and IS: 2720. The average analysis report of soil sample is presented in Table-3.5. In order to understand the physico-chemical properties of the region, soil sample was taken for one season i.e. post monsson. Soil quality monitoring locations are shown in Figure-3.6.

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Figure-3.6: Soil Quality Monitoring Location

Table-3.5: Soil Analysis Result Results S. No. Parameter Test Method Unit (Project Site) 1. pH IS 2720 P-26 (1987) 7.82 -- 2. Conductivity IS 14767 (RA 2016) 477.0 µS/cm 3. Moisture IS 2720 P-25 (1972) 9.5 % by mass Water Holding 4. IRDH/SOP-SL/07 39.0 % Capacity 5. Specific Gravity IS 2720 P-3 (1980) 2.18 - 6. Bulk density IRDH/SOP-SL/06 1.40 gm/cc 7. Chloride IRDH/SOP-SL/14 213.0 mg/kg

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8. Calcium IRDH/SOP-SL/17 2174.0 mg/kg 9. Sodium IRDH/SOP-SL/11 181.0 mg/kg 10. Potassium IRDH/SOP-SL/12 45.0 mg/kg 11. Magnesium IRDH/SOP-SL/16 214.0 mg/kg 12. Organic matter IS 2720 P-22 (1972) 0.58 % by mass Cation Exchange 13. IRDH/SOP-SL/09 13.2 meq/100gm Capacity(CEC) 14. Available nitrogen IS 14684(1999) 52.1 mg/kg Available 15. IRDH/SOP-SL/10 7.5 mg/kg Phosphorous Texture Sand 64.5 16. IRDH/SOP-SL/08 % by mass Clay 25.1 Silt 10.4 Sodium Absorption By 17. IRDH/SOP-SL/13 0.98 Ratio(SAR) calculation (Source: Primary data (Sample Collected & tested by IR&DH, Noida) Vide Report no. IRDH-1218-EIA-AAQ-990)

3.7.2 Observations

 Physical Characteristics

The textural class of soil sample is sandy. Bulk density values confirm the textural class.

Bulk density, besides being an interesting and significant physical characteristic, is very important as a basis for certain computations. The bulk density of the soil sample under consideration is 1.40 gm/cc, and confirms the moderately fine texture of the soils of the area under study.

 Chemical Characteristics

The pH of available soil is 7.82 indicating soils are slightly alkaline and the EC is 477µs/cm, below the limits to be called as saline and hence the soils are normal.

The available nitrogen in 52.1 mg/kg showing very low to good nitrogen content and the phosphorus is 7.5 mg/kg and falls under good to more than sufficient category. The potassium content is 45 kg/ha and is very more than sufficient.

The calcium content of sample is 2174 mg/kg, and exchangeable cation is 13.2. The magnesium content is 214 mg/kg, which is further adding to base saturation.

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Inference: The Sodium & Chloride content in soil are not so high in range. Most plants accumulate both sodium (Na+) and chloride (Cl–) ions to high concentration in their shoot tissues when grown in saline soils and lead to retarded growth patterns. To treat high salinity frequent irrigation and use of gypsum is suggested, however, in this project, salinity of soil is not so high.

3.8 AIR ENVIRONMENT

The prime objective of the baseline air quality study is to assess the existing air quality of the area. This will also be useful for assessing the conformity to standards of the ambient air quality during the project operations.

This section describes the selection of sampling locations, methodology adopted for sampling, analytical techniques and frequency of sampling. The ambient air quality was monitored at six locations in and around the existing airport. The air quality monitoring was conducted as per revised NAAQS 2009.

 Methodology adopted for Air Quality Survey

The baseline status of the ambient air quality has been assessed through a scientifically designed ambient air quality-monitoring network. The design of monitoring network in the air quality surveillance program has been based on the following considerations:

 Meteorological conditions on synoptic scale; The methodology for conducting the baseline environmental survey and selection of sampling locations considered the guidelines given in the EIA manual of the MoEF&CC&CC; Topography of the study area; Representatives of regional background air quality for obtaining baseline status; and Representatives of likely impact areas.

The existing conditions within the study area is highly characterized by urban commercial activities, traffic and industrial activities. These are observed in addition to the existing airport operations.

3.8.1 Meteorological Data from Secondary Sources Meteorological conditions prevailing at a geographical area play an important role in determining its existing air quality and environmental conditions. Climate, seasons and other meteorological parameters influence and alter site-specific activities and operations. The meteorological data collected from secondary sources for the area are presented in the subsequent sections.

3.8.2 Temperature Climatological data is used for devising baseline ambient air quality monitoring plans. Table 3.8 & Table 3.9 presents the minimum and maximum temperature profile of the

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region (data collected at MET Station Palam, New Delhi) for the period 1997 to 2011 from Indian Meteorological Department (IMD), Lodhi Road, New Delhi. As per the data given in Table 3.7 and Table 3.8, the study area experienced averaged extreme lowest temperature 5.9o C in the month of December, 2005 and extreme highest 42.6o Cin the month of June, 2009 respectively.

Table 3.7: Averaged Minimum Temperature Profile (1997 to 2011) –Met station Palam

DATE JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC 1997 6.6 9.2 15.2 20.4 24.4 25.9 27.4 25.8 25.2 19 14.2 9.2 8 7.2 11.2 14.4 22.9 27.9 28.1 27.1 26.4 26.1 21.6 14.9 8.9 9 8.5 9.6 14.3 20.9 26.8 27.9 27.8 26.9 25.7 19.6 13.1 7.4 2000 7.6 9 14.2 22.5 27.4 27.6 26.2 26.5 24.5 20.2 14 7.1 1 6.1 9.4 14.8 21.3 26.3 26.4 27.3 26.5 24.8 20.4 12.8 8.5 2 7 9.6 15.4 23 27.2 28.6 30.7 27.2 23.5 20 13.2 8.9 3 6.6 11 15.1 22.2 25.7 29.6 26.3 26.5 25 18 11.8 10.1 4 7.9 9,9 16.3 23.3 26.1 27.1 28.6 26.2 24.9 19.5 13.2 9.3 5 7.1 10.9 17.3 20.6 25.9 28.4 27.2 26.9 25.1 18.6 12.3 5.9 6 6.6 13.3 15.5 22.7 26.8 27 28.2 26.8 24.5 20.4 14.2 18.7 7 6.4 12.3 15.1 22.9 26.3 28.3 27.4 26.9 25.5 17.7 13.6 8.2 8 6.3 8.3 17.3 21.6 25 26.2 26.9 26.3 24.4 21.2 13.8 10.6 9 8.8 11 16.5 22.5 27 29 28.2 27.5 25.2 19.7 14.4 9.7 2010 8.5 11.7 18.8 25.7 28.7 28.8 27.5 26.4 24.3 21.3 15.8 8.6 2011 7 11.3 16.3 21.1 27.2 27.3 27.2 26.6 25 20 15.6 8.8 Source: India Meteorological Department (IMD), Regional Meteorological Centre, Lodhi Road, New Delhi - 110003

Table 3.8: Averaged Maximum Temperature Profile (1997 to 2011) –Met station Palam

DATE JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC 1997 20.3 23.7 28.7 33.7 38.7 37.5 36.1 33.7 35.2 29.1 25.4 17.1 8 19.6 23.3 27.2 37.1 42.6 39.8 34.7 33.5 33.9 31.4 27.6 22.1 9 18.6 23.7 31.4 39.6 41.1 39.5 36.3 35.8 34.0 33.3 29.5 23.3 2000 20.2 21.6 29.9 39.2 40.8 37.6 33.6 34.5 34.8 35.2 29.4 24.1 1 19.1 25.2 30.8 36.3 39.6 35.6 34.9 35.5 37.3 34.7 29.7 23.4 2 20.4 24.0 31.3 39.6 41.8 39.7 40.5 35.2 32.3 34.0 28.9 24.6 3 17.0 23.2 30.0 38.3 40.8 41.1 34.1 33.6 32.7 33.1 28.1 20.5 4 18.4 25.2 33.7 38.8 39.5 38.3 38.5 33.5 35.7 30.9 28.6 22.7 5 19.5 22.8 30.8 37.1 40.6 40.9 34.2 35.8 33.7 32.8 28.9 22.0 6 21.8 29.6 29.7 38.1 40.3 38.5 35.2 35.4 34.7 34.0 28.9 22.9 7 21.5 24.5 28.1 38.8 39.7 38.6 36.2 35.0 34.8 33.8 29.0 22.1 8 20.0 22.5 33.3 36.9 37.7 34.7 34.8 33.4 33.6 34.1 28.7 23.8 9 21.1 25.6 31.7 37.4 41.0 42.6 38.0 36.0 34.3 33.7 27.8 23.8 2010 19.2 25.7 34.6 41.5 42.4 41.7 35.7 33.6 31.0 33.1 27.5 22.1 2011 19.2 24.5 30.6 36.3 41.3 38.9 35.4 34.4 33.8 33.5 29.6 23.5

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Source: India Meteorological Department (IMD), Regional Meteorological Centre, Lodhi Road, New Delhi – 110003

3.8.3 Precipitation Table 3.9 shows averaged monthly rainfall during last fifteen years in Delhi.The maximum mean monthly rainfall for year 2003 is 495.6 mm and occurs during July while the mean minimum monthly rainfall of 0.0 mm takes place in the month of October, November and December of 2008.

Table 3.9: Rainfall Data for Last Fifteen Years in Delhi (Palam)

DATE JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC 1997 6.3 1.4 13.4 28.6 43.1 80.3 70.2 295.3 23.9 52.8 15.7 51.4 8 1 23 16.7 4.4 6.1 107.1 166.6 186.6 131.8 49.4 9.5 0 9 65.7 2.5 6.3 0 9.3 36.4 143.5 24.5 73.1 8 0 0 2000 17.4 44.7 5.3 2.6 32.7 96.8 232.1 127.7 27.5 0 1.4 1.5 1 23 11.2 6.5 27.9 88.3 150.2 99 77.1 15.4 29.9 0.5 0.5 2 16.9 11.1 0 0 150.7 13.1 1.7 121.3 124.2 0 0.9 16.1 3 39.2 24 2.1 0 9.9 75.2 495.6 171.2 52.3 0 0.3 18.7 4 28.4 0 0 28.3 73 16.8 65.8 218.6 2.9 76.7 0 0 5 5 39.7 19.7 7.9 5.6 100.2 295.4 107.5 293.5 0 0 0 6 1.8 0 25.1 3.4 44.6 53.9 107 103.2 186.9 3.4 0.2 8.2 7 0.7 63.5 53 1 50.3 148.8 126.3 177.2 9.1 0 0 0.3 8 0.7 0.3 0 27.3 148.6 153.1 149.5 169.6 76.5 0 0 0 9 4.1 5.8 7.5 3.1 15.5 18.6 113.6 142.1 184.6 2.8 13.2 3.1 2010 0.7 11.2 0 7.5 12.8 9.2 203 362.3 344 1.3 27.2 3.7 2011 0.2 38.8 2.8 10 22.6 120.4 67.1 144.5 320.6 0 0 0 Source: India Meteorological Department (IMD), Regional Meteorological Centre, Lodhi Road, New Delhi – 110003

3.8.4 Cloud Cover The historical data of cloud cover have been obtained from the Indian Meteorological Department (IMD). Table 3.10 and Table 3.11 provide the details of cloud cover data of morning hours and evening hours of Safdarjung, New Delhi.

Table 3.10: Cloud Cover Data for Last Fifteen Years of Delhi (Safdarjung), Morning Hours (8.30 IST)

DATE JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC 1997 2 1 4 2 2 3 5 5 3 3 3 6 8 3 3 3 2 1 4 5 6 3 2 1 4 9 6 3 1 0 2 2 5 4 4 1 0 2 2000 4 2 1 1 1 3 6 4 3 0 1 1 1 4 1 2 2 3 4 6 4 1 1 0 2 2 3 2 2 1 3 6 4 4 0 1 1 1

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3 5 2 2 2 1 3 6 4 4 0 1 1 4 6 2 0 2 1 3 4 5 1 2 1 3 5 4 3 2 1 2 3 5 3 4 0 0 1 6 2 2 3 2 2 4 5 4 2 1 0 3 7 2 3 2 1 2 4 5 5 3 0 0 2 8 3 2 2 2 3 6 6 5 3 0 0 2 9 3 2 2 1 2 2 4 4 2 1 - - 2010 5 2 1 1 1 3 5 6 5 0 2 1 2011 5 2 2 1 1 4 6 5 4 0 1 1 Source: India Meteorological Department (IMD), Regional Meteorological Centre, Lodhi Road, New Delhi - 110003

Table 3.11: Cloud Cover Data for Last Fifteen Years of Delhi (Safdarjung), Evening Hours (17.30 IST)

DATE JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC 1997 2 2 4 3 3 4 6 5 4 4 4 4 8 3 3 4 3 2 4 5 6 3 2 1 0 9 4 3 2 0 2 3 5 5 4 1 1 1 2000 2 2 1 1 2 4 6 6 3 0 1 1 1 1 2 2 - 3 5 6 5 2 1 0 1 2 2 3 2 3 3 3 4 6 3 0 1 2 3 3 2 - 1 2 4 6 6 5 0 1 2 4 2 1 0 2 2 4 6 6 2 2 1 2 5 3 4 3 2 4 3 6 3 4 0 0 1 6 3 2 2 2 2 3 6 3 4 0 0 1 7 3 3 3 1 3 3 6 5 3 0 1 2 8 4 1 2 2 3 5 6 6 4 1 0 2 9 6 2 2 2 3 3 5 5 2 1 - - 2010 3 3 1 1 2 3 6 6 5 1 2 2 2011 0 3 1 1 2 3 6 6 5 1 2 2 Source: India Meteorological Department (IMD), Regional Meteorological Centre, Lodhi Road, New Delhi – 110003

3.8.5 Wind Speed Wind direction is reported as the direction from which the wind blows and is based on surface observations. Over the course of a year, wind usually blows in all directions with varying frequencies. Certain directions, which occur more frequently than others, are known as the prevailing wind directions. Pollutant concentrations typically decrease with increasing wind speed as a result of dispersion. However, when wind speeds are high, while there is good dispersion of gases and particles, there is more potential for re- suspending surface dusts. Wind speed near zero, indicating low turbulence and may lead to very high pollutant concentrations near the ground. Wind speed increases with height as surface friction reduces. Ground level pollutant concentration is inversely proportional to the wind speed. Hence, during the higher wind speed month, the ground level pollutant concentration would be less and vice.

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The wind data has been obtained from nearest IMD station for the period 1993-2002. The Analysis of wind records during 1993 – 2002 shows that the winds are generally light to moderate in this area. It can be seen that the annual mean wind speed varies from 3.9 to 9.4 Km/h. The strongest winds are observed during the months of May – June i.e. Summer Season and the weakest during October – November. The monthly mean values of the various meteorological parameters for the period 1993-2002 and Yearwise monthly mean value from year 2000 to 2005 are presented in Table 3.12

Table-3.12: Monthly Mean Wind Speed in KMPH (Year 1993 – 2005)

Year Jan. Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 1993-2002 6.7 7.2 8.02 7.9 9.4 8.9 7.6 8.0 6.6 3.9 4.2 5.19 2000 7.2 6.7 6.3 7.9 12.3 8.0 7.1 8.0 7.4 3.4 4.3 5.2 2001 7.6 7.7 7.5 8.0 9.5 7.0 8.0 9.8 5.0 0.8 1.9 3.6 2002 3.4 7.0 7.2 7.3 8.5 8.0 14.2 6.8 5.8 3.9 4.3 4.3 2003 5.7 7.3 7.9 8.4 8.5 8.6 6.2 6.2 5.1 4.1 5.4 5.7 2004 6.6 8.9 9.6 8.3 11.8 8.3 10.0 7.1 7.2 3.2 3.6 6.0 2005 6.9 8.0 6.7 8.7 7.2 9.1 7.1 10.8 5.3 4.1 5.6 5.3

Statistics mean monthly wind data for the Year 2009 – 2012 is shown below in Table- 3.13

Table-3.13: Monthly Mean Speed in KMPH (Year 2009 – 2012)

Month Ju Au De SU Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Sep Oct Nov of year l g c M Domina WN WN WN WN WN WN ES WN WN WN WN nt Wind E W W W W W W W E W W W W dir Wind probabil ity 1 5 10 10 12 13 19 9 8 4 2 2 8 > = 4 0 Beaufor t (%) Average Wind 6 7 8 8 8 9 7 7 7 6 5 5 6 speed (Knots) Source – http://www.windfinder.com/windstats/windstatistic_delhi_indira_gandhi_airport.htm#

3.8.6 Wind-rose

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The wind rose diagrams for the Year 1985-2002 at 08.30 Hrs. (Morning) and 17.30 Hrs. (Evening) is given in Figure-3.7 and Figure-3.8 respectively. Figure-3.7 shows that at 8.30 hrs. the predominant wind direction is west and Figure-3.8 shows North west to be the predominant wind direction at 7.30 hrs.

Figure-3.7: Wind Rose Diagrams for 8.30 Hrs. (Morning ) for the Year 1985-2002 Source: Indian Meteorological Department, GoI

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Figure 3.8: Wind Rose Diagrams for 17.30 Hrs. (Evening) for the Year 1985-2002 Source: Indian Meteorological Department, GoI

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The wind rose for the Year 2009 – 2014 for day time is given in Figure-3.9, which shows wind direction during the whole year, the predominant wind direction during the day time is West North West.

Source: http://www.windfinder.com/windstats/windstatistic_delhi_indira_gandhi_airport.htm#

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Source: http://www.windfinder.com/windstats/windstatistic_delhi_indira_gandhi_airport.htm#

Figure-3.9: Wind Rose Diagram for Year 2009 – 2014

3.8.7 Atmospheric stability

The amount of turbulence in the ambient air has a major effect upon the rise and dispersion of air pollutant plumes. The amount of turbulence can be categorized into defined increments or "stability classes". The most commonly used categories are the Pasquill stability classes A, B, C, D, E, and F. Class A denotes the most unstable or most turbulent conditions and Class F denotes the most stable or least turbulent conditions. The frequency of stability classes during the monitoring period is provided in Table 3.14.

TABLE-3.14: FREQUENCY OF STABILITY CLASSES

Stability Class Frequency (%)

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A – Extremely Unstable 18.6 B – Unstable 16.3 C – Slightly Unstable 5.8 D – Neutral 6.5 E – Slightly Stable 12.1 F – Stable to Extremely Stable 40.7 The data indicate that during the monitoring period, the site exhibited trends of primarily stable to extremely stable conditions. Stable conditions exhibit poor vertical mixing, and low levels of contaminant dispersion. Use of this stability data for modeling purposes will produce higher concentrations of pollutants at a given receptor (i.e. more conservative results).

3.8.8 Mixing height Mixing Height (MH) is the vertical extent through which the contaminant plume can be mixed. Forecasting of mixing height is done with the aid of the vertical temperature profile. The MH is a function of stability. In unstable air, the MH is higher and in stable air the MH is lower. With a lower MH, there is a smaller volume of air in which the pollutant can be dispersed, resulting in higher concentrations in the ambient environment. There is a seasonal variation of MH. During summer daylight hours, MH can be few thousand feet whereas for winter it can be a few hundred feet. It varies also in the course of a day. It is lowest at night and increases during the day. Secondary information has been used to determine the mixing height over Delhi district and it varies from 50-2500 meters (CPCB, 2002).

3.8.9 Averaged Meteorological Data

The meteorology of the area plays an important role in the air quality surveillance programmes. The micrometeorological parameters regulate the transport and diffusion of pollutants into the atmosphere. The Meteorological study has been carried at the project site for one season i.e. Dec 2018 to Feb 2019. The measurements of wind speed and direction, temperature, humidity and rainfall are important parameters used in the study of air quality monitoring results and to further understand the chemical reactions that occur in the atmosphere. Meteorological monitoring is used to predict air pollution events such as inversions, high pollutant concentration days.

3.8.10 Windrose Wind speed and wind direction data recorded during the study period (Dec 2018 to Feb 2019) is useful in identifying the influence of meteorology on the air quality of the area. Based on the collected meteorological data, relative percentage frequencies of different wind directions are calculated and plotted as wind roses of eight directions viz., N, NE, E, SE, S, SW, W and NW for eight hourly and twenty four hour duration respectively. Maximum and minimum temperatures including percentage relative humidity were recorded simultaneously. A windrose has been plotted for average of 24 hours for 3 successive months that shows the predominant wind direction and has been presented in Figure-3.10.

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Figure-3.10: Windrose of the project site

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 Wind direction is NW to SE and Wind speed was in the range of 3.6- 5.7 m/s.

During the construction and operation phase of proposed project, air pollution causing agents can be vehicular movement and occasional use of DG sets. Stacks for DG sets will be provided with proper height as per CPCB Guidelines and emissions from DG sets will meet the DG emission standards.

3.9 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY The prime objective of collecting baseline air quality data is to assess the ambient air quality of the project influenced area. Ambient air quality monitoring locations were selected based on the representation of population, material and ecosystem exposure monitoring for the pollutants emitted from the project and the compliance monitoring for compliance of National Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Standards. The baseline study of air quality within the project-influenced area of 10 km has been carried out by selecting the monitoring locations based on the following criteria:

 Meteorological condition on a synoptic scale  Topography of the project influenced area  Representation of the regional background levels  Representation of the site  Influence of the existing sources  Major human settlement in the project influenced area

3.9.1 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring

Ambient air quality monitoring (24 hrs –average result for monitoring period) has been carried out during one season i.e. December-2018 to February-2019 at six locations.The parameters for air quality were selected as per the stipulated National Ambient Air Quality standards, MoEF&CC&CC and these were Particulate Matter less than 2.5 µg/m3 3 (PM2.5), Particulate Matter less than 10 µg/m (PM10), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) and Carbon Monoxide (CO) etc. were monitored and average results are as tabulated in Table-3.15. Map showing the ambient air quality monitoring locations is shown in Figure-3.11 .

TABLE-3.15: Air Quality Monitoring Locations S. Location Distance & Location Description No. Code Direction 1 AQ1 Project Site Centre Of Site 2 AQ2 Raj Nagar Extension Gali No. 16 4.7 Km Nw 3 AQ3 Pehladpur 3.6 Km Nw Govt. Boys Sr Secondary 4 AQ4 700 Meters Ne School, Mahipalpur 5 AQ5 MaandiMehrauli Govt. 750 Meters Ne 6 AQ6 VasantKunj 2.30 Km Se

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Figure-3.11: Ambient Air monitoring locations

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Table 3.16 : Ambient Air Quality Results S. No. Parameters AQ-1 AQ-2 AQ-3 AQ-4 AQ-5 AQ-6 NAAQS PM10 1. 237.04 244.54 236.96 240.31 245.15 239.04 100 (µg/m3) PM2.5 2. 128.23 135.27 128.23 130.42 132.27 131.08 60 (µg/m3) NO2 3. 34.73 36.61 34.73 32.46 31.81 34.54 80 (µg/m3) SO2 4. 21.30 22.77 21.31 20.42 21.31 23.27 80 (µg/m3) CO 5. 0.89 0.92 0.89 0.90 0.88 0.93 2 (mg/m3)

250

200 PM10 (µg/m3) 150 PM2.5 (µg/m3) NO2 (µg/m3) 100 SO2 (µg/m3) CO (mg/m3) 50

0 AQ-1 AQ-2 AQ-3 AQ-4 AQ-5 AQ-6

Table .3.16.1 : Ambient Air Quality Results (AAQ – Monitoring Station-1) PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NO2 CO Minimum 112 66 15 28 0.79 Maximum 384 215 28 41 1.06 98th Percentile 382 205 27.5 40 1.05 Average Values 237.04 128.23 21.31 34.73 0.89

Table .3.16.2: Ambient Air Quality Results (AAQ – Monitoring Station-2) PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NO2 CO Minimum 114 68 17 29 0.74 Maximum 383 219 27 41 1.07 98th Percentile 382 207.5 27 40.5 1.07

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Average Values 244.54 135.27 22.77 36.61 0.92

Table 3.16.3 : Ambient Air Quality Results (AAQ – Monitoring Station-3) PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NO2 CO Minimum 112 66 15 28 0.79 Maximum 382 215 28 41 1.06 98th Percentile 380 205 27.5 40 1.06 Average Values 236.96 128.23 21.31 34.73 0.89

Table.3.16.4 : Ambient Air Quality Results (AAQ – Monitoring Station-4) PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NO2 CO Minimum 115 68 16 28 0.71 Maximum 387 225 26 39 1.12 98th Percentile 240.23 208.5 25 38.5 1.05 Average Values 240.23 130.42 20.42 32.46 0.89

Table.3.16.5 : Ambient Air Quality Results (AAQ – Monitoring Station-5) PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NO2 CO Minimum 110 71 17 26 .75 Maximum 386 227 28 40 1.07 98th Percentile 383.5 210.5 27.5 40 1.02 Average Values 239 130 24 35.5 0.92

Table.3.16.6 : Ambient Air Quality Results (AAQ – Monitoring Station-6) PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NO2 CO Minimum 118 68 16 31 0.73 Maximum 387 219 27 39 1.08 98th Percentile 379 207.5 26.5 39 1.08 Average Values 237.38 130 22.26 35.15 0.91

3.9.2 Observations

It is observed that PM 10 and PM 2.5 exceed at all monitored locations and its continuous exposure to human being can have health impacts. Further impacts will be on nearby biodiversity where deposition of larger particle PM 10 and PM2.5 will result in retarded growth due to reduced photosynthesis. All other parameters like SO2, NO2 and CO were found well within the NAAQS limits as specified by CPCB.

Inference: PM 10 and PM 2.5 parameters of ambient air quality is higher in the entire region due to non-anthropogenic reasons like dust borne wind and due to anthropogenic reasons like some construction related activity and vehicle movement in

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the region.

3.10 Water Environment Water environment consists of water resources such as ground water, ponds, streams, rivers etc. Water quality assessment is one of the essential components of EIA study. Such assessment helps in evaluating the existing health of water body and suggesting appropriate mitigation measures to minimize the potential impact from development projects. Water quality of ground water has been studied in order to assess proposed water- drinking, and horticulture purpose. During the survey samples of water within the periphery of 10 km. radius were analyzed.

3.10.1 Water Quality Monitoring In order to assess the existing water quality, ground water sample was collected from near byproject site and analyzed as per standard methods for examination of water and wastewater published by American Public Health Association/ American Water Works Association and the Bureau of Indian Standards (APHA/ AWWA & BIS) and compared with permitted desirable standards set by BIS (IS 10500: 1991). The surface and ground water monitoring locations have been shown in Table-3.17. The important ground & surface water parameters were analyzed for one season i.e. Dec-2018 to Feb-2019 and the average results are produced in Table-3.18 A, Table-3.18 B

Table-3.17: Water Quality Monitoring Location S. No. Location Code Location Description Distance & Direction 1 SW 1 YAMUNA RIVER 14.2 KM NE 2 SW2 NAJAFGARH DRAIN 9.5 KM W

Table-3.18A: Surface Water Quality Monitoring Results (YAMUNA RIVER)

CPCB guideline for Surface Water(A/B/C/D/E) S.NO. Parameter Test Method Result Units Acceptable Permissible Limit( Max) limits(Max) 1. pH IS 3025 P-11 1983 7.6 - 6.5-8.5 No Relaxation 2. Conductivity IS 3025 P-14 1984 510.0 µs/cm - - 3. Turbidity IS 3025 P-10 (1984) 142.0 NTU 1 5 Free Residual 4. IS 3025 P-26 (1986) <0.1 mg/l 0.2 1 Chlorine 5. Total Hardness IS 3025 P-21 (2009) 135 mg/l 200 600 Total Dissolved Solids 6. IS 3025 P-16(1984) 218.0 mg/l 500 2000 (TDS) 7. Calcium as Ca IS 3025 P-40 (1991) 50.0 mg/l 75 200 8. Magnesium as Mg IS 3025 P-46 (1994) 48.0 mg/l 30 100 Total Alkalinity as 9. IS 3025 P-23 (1986) 242.0 mg/l 200 600 CaCO3

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10. Chloride as Cl IS 3025 P-32 (1988) 51.0 mg/l 250 1000 11. Barium as Ba Annex F of IS:13428 <0.05 mg/l 0.7 No Relaxation 12. Ammonia as N IS 3025 P-34 (1988) <0.1 mg/l 0.5 No Relaxation

13. Sulphate as SO4 IS 3025 P-24 (1986) 250.0 mg/l 200 400

14. Nitrate as NO3 IS 3025 P-34 (1988) 6.0 mg/l 45 No Relaxation 15. Fluoride as F APHA 4500F-(D) <0.1 mg/l 1 1.5 16. Iron as Fe IS 3025 P-53 (2003) <0.1 mg/l 0.3 No Relaxation Chemical Oxygen 17. IS 3025 P-58 2006 350.0 mg/l - - Demand(COD) Biochemical Oxygen 18. IS 3025 P-44 1993 200 mg/l - - Demand(BOD)at 27° C 19. Dissolve Oxygen IS 3025 P-38 1989 3.8 mg/l - - 20. Aluminium as Al IS 3025 P-55( 2003) <0.01 mg/l 0.03 0.2 21. Anionic Detergent Annex K oIS:13428 <0.05 mg/l 0.2 1 22. Phenolic Compounds IS 3025 P-43 (1992) <0.001 mg/l 0.001 0.002 23. Boron as B IS 3025 P-57 (2005) <0.1 mg/l 0.5 1 24. Chromium as Cr IS 3025 P-52 (2003) <0.01 mg/l 0.05 No Relaxation 25. Lead as Pb IS 3025 P47 (1994) <0.01 mg/l 0.01 No Relaxation 26. Copper as Cu IS 3025 P42 (1992) <0.01 mg/l 0.05 1.5 27. Mercury as Hg IS 3025 P-48 (1994) <0.001 mg/l 0.001 No Relaxation 28. Manganese as Mn IS 3025 P-59 (2006) <0.01 mg/l 0.1 0.3 29. Zinc as Zn IS 3025 P-49 (1994) <0.01 mg/l 5 15 30. Arsenic as As IS 3025 P-37 (1988) <0.01 mg/l 0.01 No Relaxation 31. Nickel as Ni IS 3025 P-54 (2003) <0.01 mg/l 0.02 No Relaxation 32. Cadmium as Cd IS 3025 P-41 (1992) <0.001 mg/l 0.003 No Relaxation

Table-3.18B: Surface Water Quality Monitoring Results (NAJAFGARH DRAIN)

Acceptable EPA S.NO. Parameter Test Method Result Units Limit( Max) as Discharge per Class F of standards CPCB standards 1. pH IS 3025 P-11 1983 7.8 - 6.5-8.5 5.5-9.0 2. Conductivity IS 3025 P-14 1984 575.0 µs/cm - - 3. Turbidity IS 3025 P-10 (1984) 256.0 NTU 1 <1 Free Residual 4. IS 3025 P-26 (1986) <0.1 mg/l 0.2 - Chlorine 5. Total Hardness IS 3025 P-21 (2009) 164 mg/l 200 - Total Dissolved 6. IS 3025 P-16(1984) 288.0 mg/l 500 - Solids (TDS) 7. Calcium as Ca IS 3025 P-40 (1991) 55.0 mg/l 75 - 8. Magnesium as Mg IS 3025 P-46 (1994) 50.0 mg/l 30 -

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Total Alkalinity as 9. IS 3025 P-23 (1986) 280.0 mg/l 200 - CaCO3 10. Chloride as Cl IS 3025 P-32 (1988) 55.0 mg/l 250 - 11. Barium as Ba Annex F of IS:13428 <0.05 mg/l 0.7 - 12. Ammonia as N IS 3025 P-34 (1988) 0.6 mg/l 0.5 -

13. Sulphate as SO4 IS 3025 P-24 (1986) 290.0 mg/l 200 -

14. Nitrate as NO3 IS 3025 P-34 (1988) 55.0 mg/l 45 10 15. Fluoride as F APHA 4500F-(D) 0.15 mg/l 1 2 16. Iron as Fe IS 3025 P-53 (2003) 0.11 mg/l 0.3 - Chemical Oxygen 17. IS 3025 P-58 2006 376.0 mg/l - 250 Demand(COD) Biochemical Oxygen 18. Demand (BOD) at IS 3025 P-44 1993 250 mg/l - 30 27° C 19. Dissolve Oxygen IS 3025 P-38 1989 2.1 mg/l - - 20. Aluminium as Al IS 3025 P-55( 2003) <0.01 mg/l 0.03 50 21. Anionic Detergent Annex K oIS:13428 <0.05 mg/l 0.2 - Phenolic 22. IS 3025 P-43 (1992) <0.001 mg/l 0.001 - Compounds 23. Boron as B IS 3025 P-57 (2005) <0.1 mg/l 0.5 - 24. Chromium as Cr IS 3025 P-52 (2003) <0.01 mg/l 0.05 - 25. Lead as Pb IS 3025 P47 (1994) <0.01 mg/l 0.01 - 26. Copper as Cu IS 3025 P42 (1992) <0.01 mg/l 0.05 - 27. Mercury as Hg IS 3025 P-48 (1994) <0.001 mg/l 0.001 - 28. Manganese as Mn IS 3025 P-59 (2006) <0.01 mg/l 0.1 - 29. Zinc as Zn IS 3025 P-49 (1994) <0.01 mg/l 5 30. Arsenic as As IS 3025 P-37 (1988) <0.01 mg/l 0.01 - 31. Nickel as Ni IS 3025 P-54 (2003) <0.01 mg/l 0.02 - 32. Cadmium as Cd IS 3025 P-41 (1992) <0.001 mg/l 0.003 -

3.10.2 Observations Surface Water Quality

 The analysis results indicate that the pH values are in the range of 7.6 which is well within the specified standard of 6.5 to 8.5;  Total Dissolved Solids was observed to be in the range of 218 mg/l;  Chlorides and sulphates were found to be in the range of 51 mg/l and 250 mg/l respectively. It is observed that chlorides and sulphates are well within the permissible limits;  Calcium & magnesium were found to be in the range of 50.0 mg/l and 48.0 mg/l respectively;  Metals: Iron is found to be <0.01 mg/l and zinc is found to be ranging between <0.01 mg/l

Inference: The tested parameters for sample collected from Yamuna River meets CPCB

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Guideline for "C" Class (Drinking Water Source after conventional treatment and disinfection.

The tested parameters for sample collected from Najafgarh drain are compared Class “F” surface water standards of CPCB and EPA discharge standards.

Table.-3.19: Ground Water Quality Monitoring Results (Near Project Site) Requirements as per IS 10500- 2012 S No. Parameter Test Protocol Results Unit Acceptable Permissible Limit ( Max) limits(Max) 1. pH IS 3025 P-11 1983 7.33 -- 6.5-8.5 No Relaxation 2. Turbidity IS 3025 P-10 (1984) <0.5 NTU 1 5 3. Total Hardness IS 3025 P-21 (2009) 372.0 mg/l 200 600 Total Dissolved 4. IS 3025 P-16(1984) 1022.0 mg/l 500 2000 Solids (TDS) 5. Calcium as Ca IS 3025 P-40 (1991) 70.4 mg/l 75 200 6. Magnesium as Mg IS 3025 P-46 (1994) 47.62 mg/l 30 100 Total Alkalinity as 7. IS 3025 P-23 (1986) 461.0 mg/l 200 600 CaCO3 8. Chloride as Cl IS 3025 P-32 (1988) 251.0 mg/l 250 1000 9. Barium as Ba Annex F of IS:13428 <0.05 mg/l 0.7 No Relaxation 10. Ammonia as N IS 3025 P-34 (1988) <0.1 mg/l 0.5 No Relaxation

11. Sulphate as SO4 IS 3025 P-24 (1986) 62.0 mg/l 200 400 12. Nitrate as NO3 IS 3025 P-34 (1988) 20.5 mg/l 45 No Relaxation 13. Fluoride as F APHA,22nd Edition 0.19 mg/l 1 1.5 14. Iron as Fe IS 3025 P-53 (2003) <0.1 mg/l 0.3 No Relaxation 15. Aluminium as Al IS 3025 P-55( 2003) <0.01 mg/l 0.03 0.2 16. Anionic Detergent Annex K of IS:13428 <0.05 mg/l 0.2 1 Phenolic 17. IS 3025 P-43 (1992) <0.001 mg/l 0.001 0.002 Compounds 18. Boron as B IS 3025 P-57 (2005) <0.1 mg/l 0.5 1 19. Chromium as Cr IS 3025 P-52 (2003) <0.01 mg/l 0.05 No Relaxation 20. Lead as Pb IS 3025 P47 (1994) <0.01 mg/l 0.01 No Relaxation 21. Copper as Cu IS 3025 P42 (1992) <0.01 mg/l 0.05 1.5 22. Mercury as Hg IS 3025 P-48 (1994) <0.001 mg/l 0.001 No Relaxation 23. Manganese as Mn IS 3025 P-59 (2006) <0.01 mg/l 0.1 0.3 24. Zinc as Zn IS 3025 P-49 (1994) <0.01 mg/l 5 15 25. Arsenic as As IS 3025 P-37 (1988) <0.01 mg/l 0.01 No Relaxation 26. Nickel as Ni IS 3025 P-54 (2003) <0.01 mg/l 0.02 No Relaxation 27. Cadmium as Cd IS 3025 P-41 (1992) <0.001 mg/l 0.003 No Relaxation

3.10.3 Observations (Ground water) Result show that metals such as Copper, Lead, Zinc, Arsenic, Mercury are well within both Acceptable and Permissible limit, similarly pH, Phenolic compound are well within

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limit as per BIS Specification IS 10500-2012. Total Hardness, Alkalinity and Total Dissolved Solid are found beyond Acceptable limit but found within permissible limit.

Inference: Though permissible limit is 2000 for TDS but for human consumption should not exceed 500 mg/lt. Such exceedance in the range 1100 and more are bound to have deteriorating health impacts. Fluoride is also in the higher range which may primarily produces effects on skeletal tissues (bones and teeth). Also this quality of water will impact soil quality and retarded vegetation growth.

Delhi region is restricted for extraction of ground water; hence ground water will not be extracted for any use.

3.11 Noise Environment The noise level prevailing at a particular location in the outdoor environment is contributed by all kinds of sources at various distances around that location. Continuous, temporal and spatial variations occur in ambient noise levels depending on the type of surrounding activities. The impact of noise on the health of individual depends on physical dose of noise viz. noise level, frequency, intermittency etc. and human factors viz. sex, age, health status, type of activity, occupational exposure etc. The intensity also depends on psychological and physiological state of individuals.

The impact due to noise does undergo seasonal variations except some directional changes depending upon the predominant wind direction. Noise levels have been measured for Six locations. The baseline study of noise levels in the study area of 10 km has been carried out by selecting the noise monitoring locations based on the following criteria:

 Source of noise  Proximity of the noise generating source to the human settlements  Exposure time  Time-scaled dose response ratio of individual receptor

Table-3.20 provides primary sources and effects of Noise Pollution at site during the construction and operation phases.

Table-3.20: Primary Effects of Noise Pollution from Construction & Operation Activities of the Site

Pollutant Source Primary Effects Noise . Construction . Annoyance activities . Interference with communication . Transport . NIHL . Human activities . Interference with sleep . Aural pain, nausea & reduced muscular control . Performance effects . Effects on social behavior

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Source: http://www.epa.nsw.gov.au/soe/97/ch1/15_3.htm

3.11.1 Noise Quality

Unwanted noise and unpleasant sounds are generally classified as noise pollution. Normally a person begins to identify sounds when a level of 10 to 15 dB is reached. The other end of the scale is known as the threshold of pain (140 dB), or the point at which the average person experiences pain. Noise is generally measured in frequency- weighted scales and noise quality measurements are generally represent in the ‘A’ level and reported as dB (A).

Methodology of Background Noise Quality Monitoring A site–specific background noise quality monitoring program was conducted for the existing project site. The basic considerations for designing noise quality surveillance programme include:  Vehicle Movement Within the Impact Zone  Activities in surrounding villages / settlements/nearby areas  Ecologically Sensitive Locations

Based on the above mentioned criteria, noise monitoring was conducted at 6 locations within the impact zone. Sound Pressure Level (SPL) measurements were automatically recorded to give the noise level for every hour, continuously for 24 hours in a day. Accordingly one full day (i.e. 24 hourly values) of data was collected at each of the locations.

The standards of equivalent noise levels viz. Leq-day and Leq-night, have been prescribed by the CPCB as given in Table-3.22.

Table-3.21: Ambient Noise Standards as per CPCB

Area Category of Area/ Limits in dB(A) Leq* Code Zone Day Time Night Time (A) Industrial area 75 70 (B) Commercial area 65 55 (C) Residential area 55 45 (D) Silence Zone 50 40

1. Day time shall mean from 6.00 a.m. to 10.00 p.m. 2. Night-time shall mean from 10.00 p.m. to 6.00 a.m. 3. Silence zone is defined as an area comprising not less than 100 m around hospitals, educational institutions and courts. The silence zones are zones, which are declared as such by the competent authority. Noise levels were calculated using the following equation:

 n Li  L 10log1/ n 1010  eq,T     i1 

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Where Li = levels observed at n equally spaced times during interval T.

Sources of Noise Emissions Surrounding the Site The major source of noise in the site surrounding area is the vehicular movement along Southern peripheral road and construction activities in the vicinity of the site. The impacts from these sources are expected to be captured in the levels of noise measured in the site-specific background noise monitoring study.

Noise Level in the Project Influence Area The hourly noise levels were recorded for one season i.e. Dec-2018 to Feb-2019. Baseline monitoring of noise was carried out at Six selected monitoring locations for 24 hours considering. The monitoring average results have been summarized in the Table- 3.22. Map showing the noise quality monitoring locations with coordinate is shown in Figure-3.13. Table 3.22 –Noise Monitoring locations S. Location Distance & Location Description No. Code Direction 1 NQ1 Project Site Centre Of Site 2 NQ2 Raj Nagar Extension Gali No. 16 4.7 Km Nw 3 NQ3 Pehladpur 3.6 Km Nw Govt. Boys Sr Secondary School, 4 NQ4 700 Meters Ne Mahipalpur 5 NQ5 Maandi Mehrauli Govt. School 750 Meters Ne 6 NQ6 VasantKunj 2.30 Km Se

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Figure-3.12: Noise Monitoring Locations

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Table-3.23: Noise Monitoring Results LOCATION DAY TIME NIGHT TIME Leq dB(A) Limit dB(A) Leq dB(A) Limit dB(A) NQ-1 64.09 65 54.2 55 NQ-2 59.44 65 52.49 55 NQ-3 57.80 65 51.47 55 NQ-4 56.40 65 50.77 55 NQ-5 57.08 65 51.44 55 NQ-6 57.34 65 51.81 55

50 Day Time Leq dB(A) 40 Day Time Limit dB(A) 30 Night Time Leq dB(A)

20 Night Time Limit dB(A)

0 NQ-1 NQ-2 NQ-3 NQ-4 NQ-5 NQ-6

3.11.2 Observations It is observed that the noise quality of the area found within limit in day and night. Leq for day is lying between 56.40 to 64.09 dB(A) and Leq for Night is lying in between range of 50.77 to 54.2 dB(A).

3.12 BIOLOGICAL ENVIORNMENT 3.12.1 Flora

The biodiversity we see today is the fruit of billions of years of evolution, shaped by natural processes. The vast array of interactions among the various components of biodiversity makes the planet habitable for all Species, including humans. There is a growing recognition that, biological diversity is a global asset of tremendous value to present and future generations. At the same time, the threat to species and ecosystems has never been as great as it is today. Species extinction caused by human activities continues at an alarming rate. Protecting biodiversity is in our self-interest.

The biological study was under taken by Ecology & Biodiversity Expert, as a part of the EIA study report to understand the present status of ecosystem prevailing in the study area, to compare it with past condition with the help of available data, to predict changes in the

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A survey was conducted to study the flora around 10 km radius. Some of the information was gathered from the local habitants. All the collected data were classified to interpret the impact of pollution on the flora and fauna of that region. Survey of the mild plants as well as cultivated crop plants was made and all the available information was recorded. The primary data collected was compared with the Secondary data collected from Forest Department.

Objectives and Purpose of Study: The main objectives of the study are as follows:

1. To conduct the detailed study of plant and animal species around the nearby area and within the project site. 2. To identify location and features of ecological interest. 3. To assess and identify the rare, endangered, endemic and vulnerable species present in area if any. 4. To collect baseline data for study area. 5. To identify the impact of proposed project on the biological environment

Survey Methodology Detailed survey was conducted to evaluate floral and faunal composition of the study area. Primary data on floral and faunal composition was recorded during site visit and secondary data was collected from the Forest department and published relevant literature.

Field study period: The ecological survey has been conducted for one season. The details are given below:

Core zone: At the project site.

Buffer zone: Around the project site in 10 km radius.

Inventory of flora and fauna has been prepared on the basis of collected data. The mode of data and parameters considered during field investigations is given below:

Methodology for Terrestrial Ecology The primary objective of survey was to describe the floral and faunal communities within the study area. The sampling plots for floral inventory were selected randomly in the suitable habitats (Anderson, 1867; Jain and Rao, 1983). The methodology adopted for faunal survey involve random survey, opportunistic observations, diurnal bird observation, active search for reptiles, faunal habitat assessment, active search for scats and foot prints, animal call, and review of previous studies. The aim was to set baselines in order to monitor and identify trends after the commissioning of the mining activity. Emphasis has been placed on presence of endemic species, threatened species if any present in the study area. The villages covered for baseline study are given.

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Table 3.24: Selection of Ecological Survey Aspect Data Mode Of Data Collection Parameters Monitored Terrestrial Primary data By field survey Floral and Faunal Ecology collection diversity Secondary From authentic sources like Floral and Faunal data collection Forests/Wild Life department diversity and study available of vegetation, forest published literatures etc – type, importance Biodiversity and etc. Environment Management and available publishes papers of scholars

Floral diversity of the study area

The climatic, edaphic and biotic variations with their complex interrelationship and composition of species,which are adapted to these variations, have resulted in different vegetation cover, characteristic of each region(Ohasi, 1975). The tree species, herbs, shrubs, climbers and major crops, were documented during this baseline study

Trees: The dominant trees in and around the study area are Listed below in the table 3.25

S.No. Botanical Name Common Name Family 1 Azadirachta indica Neem Meliaceae 2 Ficus religiosa Pipal Moraceae 3 Aegle marmelos Bel Rutaceae 4 Syzygium cumini Jamun Myretaceae 5 Magnifera indica Aam Anacardiaceae 6 Terminalia arjuna Arjun Combretaceae 7 Tamarindus indicus Imli Fabaceae 8 Acacia nilotica Babool Fabaceae 9 Delbergia sisso Sisum Fabaceae 10 Pithecolobium dulce Jungle Jalebi Fabaceae 11 Tectona grandis Teak Verbenaceae 12 Thevitia peruviana Kaner Apocyanaceae 13 Bauhinia purpurea Kachnar Fabaceae 14 Eucalyptus camaldulensis Safeda Myrtaceae 15 Bombax ceiba Semur Malvaceae 16 Callistemon lanceolatus Bottle Brush Myrtaceae 17 Albizia lebbeck Siris Fabaceae 18 Cassia fistula Amaltas Caesalpiniaceae 19 Polyalthia longifolia Asoka Annonaceae 20 Ficus virens Pakad Moraceae Source: On the basis of primary site visit and in consultation with Local Peoples and concerned State forest department.

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Herbs Shrubs& Grasses:. The species observed in the study area are listed below in the in the table 3.26 Table 3.26: Herbs & Shurbs in Study area S.No. Botanical Name Common Name Family HERBS 1 Calatropis procera Madar Asclepiadaceae 2 Aloevera Ghrit Kumari Liliaceae 3 Dhatura inoxia Dhatura Solanaceae 4 Ocimum sanctum Tulsi Lamiaceae 5 Solanum nigrum Makoi Solanaceae 6 Achyranthus Chirchita Amaranthaceae 7 Amaranthus gracilis Cholai Amaranthaceae 8 Chenopodium albus Bathua Amaranthaceae SHRUBS 1 Riccinus Communis Arandi Euphorbiaceae 2 Mimosa Pudica Chui Mui Fabaceae 3 Sacchrum Munja Moonj Gramineae 4 Tridax Procumbens Baramasi Asteraceae 5 Cestrum Nocturnum Raat Rani Solanaceae 6 Vinca Rosea Sadabahar Apocyanaceae 7 Bougenvellia Glabra Bougenvellia Nyctaginaceae 8 Ipomea Besharam Convolvulaceae 9 Carrisa spinarum Karaunda Apocyanaceae 10 Nerium odonum Kaner Apocyanaceae 11 Citrus aurentifolia Lime Rutaceae GRASSES 1 Cyanodon dactylon Dub Poaceae 2 Sacchrum munja Moonj Poaceae 3 Parthenium Congress/Gajar Grass Asteraceae 4 Cymbopogan martini Lemon Grass Poaceae Source: On the basis of primary site visit and in consultation with Local Peoples and concerned State forest department. 3.12.2 Fauna Table 3.27: Faunal biodiversity of study area S.No Zoological Name Common Family Status In Status In IUCN . Name WPA 1972 Category MAMMALS 1. Felis catus Domestic Cat Felidae Schedule II Least Concern 2. Funambulus Gilhari Sciuridae Schedule IV Least Concern pennanti 3. Herpetes edwardsii Nevala Herpestidae Schedule II Least Concern 4. Lepus nigricollis Khargosh Leporideae Schedule IV Least Concern 5. Rattus rattus Chuha Murideae Schedule V Least Concern 6. Semnopithecus Langur Cercopethici Not Enlisted Least Concern

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entellus deae 7. Bos taurus Cow Bovidae - - 8. Bubalus bubalis Buffalo Bovidae - - 9. Canis lupus Dog Canideae - - 10. Capra aegagrus Goat Bovidae - - hircus 11. Sus scrofa Pig Suidae Schedule III Least Concern REPTILES 12. Hemidactylus Chipkali Gekkonideae Not Enlisted Not Evaluated brooki Gray 13. Chamaleo Chameleon Gekkonideae Not Enlisted Not Evaluated chamaleons 14. Hemidactylus Rock Gaeko Gekkonideae Not Enlisted Not Evaluated maculates AMPHIBIANS 14 Rana tigrina Common Frog Ranideae Schedule IV Least Concern 15 Bufo bufo Toad Bufonideae Not Enlisted Not Evaluated Source: On the basis of primary site visit and in consultation with Local Peoples and concerned State forest department.

Birds: The List of Avifauna present in and around the study area are listed below in the table: Table 3.28: List of Avifauna in study area S.No. ZOOLOGICAL NAME COMMON FAMILY STATUS IN STATUS IN NAME WPA 1972 IUCN CATEGORY 1 Achridotherus tristris Common Sturnideae Schedule IV Least Concern Myna 2. Columba libia Pigeon Columbideae Not Enlisted Least Concern 3. Corvus splendens Crow Corvideae Schedule IV Least Concern 4. Eudynamys Koel Cuculideae Schedule IV Least Concern scolopaceous 5. Passer domesticus Sparrow Passerideae Not Enlisted Least Concern 6. Pavo cristatus Common Phasianedeae Schedule I Least Concern Peacock 7. Psittacula krameri Parrot Psittaculadeae Schedule IV Least Concern 8. Pycnonotus cafer Bulbul Pycnonotideae Schedule IV Least Concern 9. Saxicoloides fulicata Robin Muscicapideae Schedule IV Least Concern 10. Ploceus philippinus Baya Plocideae Schedule IV Least Concern Weaver 11. Spilornis cheel Eagle Accipitridae Schedule I Least Concern 12. Coturnix Coturnix Bater Phasianideae Schedule IV Least Concern Source: On the basis of primary site visit and in consultation with Local Peoples and concerned State forest department.

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As per secondary source such as few literatures and news clippings, some species observed in buffer zone were of common occurrence are Black Kite and Black Winget Kite and Peaflow which are listed in Schedule-I species as per WPA 1972.

3.12.3 Conservation Plan for peacock An Indian Peafowl or Peacock (Pavo Cristatus) is a large pheasant justifiably declared as the National Bird of India in 1963 due to its flagship value founded on its glorious position in mythology and its widespread distribution and grandeur. In India, it is given the utmost protection by inclusion in Schedule I of Indian Wildlife Act, 1972 (2002). Being a wide spread species, apart from the various urban habitats, it is also found in agriculture field, along stream with good vegetation and close to human habitation in semi – feral conditions. In the present study area this species have been confirmed from various habitats located near the project periphery.

Since the buffer zone of the proposed project reported with Schedule 1 Species named as Pavo cristatus commonly known as peacock, a systematic study was conducted to assess their status in terms of movement and habitat use of the species. At first, a detailed biological survey of the core & buffer zone was carried out to understand the status distribution of the species in the study area.

Habitat improvement program will include plantation of various plant species like Bassia latifolia (Mahua), Mangifera Indica (Ambo), Lagerstroemia parviflora (Seja), Tamarindus Indica (Ambli) and other species reported from the study area should be taken into priority. In order to improve vegetation cover, it is suggested to carry out extensive afforestation program in different phases. These species will help to provide habitat for faunal diversity, and also increases the species diversity and maintain the naturalness of the surrounding area.

Presented survey of the peacock in the buffer zone of the project site shows that, peafowl is well adapted to the existing rural setting of the study area. However, the following points can give an insight on the overall status of peafowl in the study area and thereby plan for better management strategies related to proposed activities. . Local resident of the study area well aware of the movement pattern of peafowl in their surrounding habitats. . Peafowl uses agriculture and various rural habitats as a feeding ground during day time while during night time they take shelter on the trees as well as on the roof of the houses. It clearly indicates peafowl normally uses ecosystem or habitats adjacent to village.

From the above said facts, it can be inferred that, some villages of the buffer zone provide roosting and feeding ground for peafowl, while core zone do not have potential habitat for roosting or feeding ground for peafowl. Therefore, it has been visualized that, the proposed project will not have any significant impact on peacock in terms of their normal movements and other activities. However, it is necessity to take some management option like habitat improvement in the villages located in the immediate vicinity of the project site. So, habitat improvement programme (Plantation of recommended and local plant species) will be under taken in (in consultation of forest department) different villages located in the close

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3.13 Socio Economic Environment

Socio economic study provides necessary help to get an idea of change in social, economic and cultural status of study area. Baseline data for Occupation Status and Health amenities existing in the study area has been collected by personal interaction/ secondary sources such as census/ statistics data etc. with the villagers in the study area and are given in the following subsections.

Any development activity like project generally has positive impact on the socio-economic profile of the study area. As part of the project there shall be direct and indirect employment opportunities. This project mainly affects the population in the nearby areas and will have positive influence as it will provide employment to the people.

3.13.1 Demographic Profile of District

As per details from Census 2011, Delhi has population of 1.67 Crores, an increase from figure of 1.39 Crore in 2001 census. Total population of Delhi as per 2011 census is 16,787,941 of which male and female are 8,987,326 and 7,800,615 respectively. In 2001, total population was 13,850,507 in which males were 7,607,234 while females were 6,243,273. The total population growth in this decade (2001-2011) was 21.21 percent while in previous decade (1991-2001) it was 46.31 percent. The population of Delhi forms 1.39 percent of India in 2011. In 2001, the figure was 1.35 percent.

Table-3.29: Demographic Profile of the District Population of Delhi – As per Census 2011 1 Total Population Persons 1,67,87,941 Male 89,87,326 Female 78,00,615 2 SC Population Persons 28,12,309 Male 14,88,800 Female 13,23,509 3 0-6 age population Persons 20,12,454 Male 10,75,440 Female 9,37,014 Others 4 Density (Per Sq. K.M.) 11320 5 Area sq. K.M. 1483 6 Sex Ratio (per 1000 Males) 868 7 Literacy Rate (%) Persons 86.2

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8 Literacy Rate (%) Males 90.9 9 Literacy Rate (%) Female 80.8 Source: Delhi Census 2011

Table 3.30: Primary demographic data Name Area House Holds Total Population Total Male Total Female Kapas Hera Urban 21370 74073 50123 23950 Sambhalka Urban 3912 17076 9639 7437 Rajokri Urban 4430 19148 10640 8508 Nangli Sakrawati Urban 7410 37706 20454 17252 Mahipalpur Urban 10956 57217 30474 26743 Source: Field Survey

3.13.2 Amenities

Schools The study area has adequate facility of education; there are several primary and secondary schools located in the area. The educational facilities are provided in stages i.e. junior basic school, senior basic school, higher secondary school, degree colleges. Pre-primary and primary educations are mainly the responsibility of the local bodies.

Table 3.31 List of Schools/ Colleges S. No. Schools/ Colleges Location 1 Bloom Public School 2.5 km East 2 Govt. Boys Sr Secondary School, Mahipalpur 700 Meters NE 3 MaandiMehrauli Govt. 750 Meters NE 4 Bhaskaracharya College 7.5 km NE

Tele-Communication Telecommunication facility in the study area is adequate; electronic telephone exchange is working in the study area, and mobile facility is also available.

Table 3.32 Tele-communication facilities S. No. Details Location 1 MTNL Exchange Sanchar Bhawan 6 km NE

Roads and Transportation System The project area is having high road density. It is connected by a network of roads to the entire region.

Table 3.33 Road accessibility S. No. Particulars Location 1. Nearest National Highway NH 8: 0.23 KM SE NH 2: 13.5 KM E

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NH 24: 13.8 KM NE NH 236: 6.6 KM SE NH 10: 13.4 KM N 2. Nearest Railway Station Delhi Cantonment 3.7km, N Shahbadmohammadpur 11.5 km, N New Delhi Railway Station 13.5 KM NE 3. Nearest Airport Indira Gandhi International Airport: Adjacent to Project site

Post-Office Postal cum telegraph facility is also available. Post office facility is available at town.

Table 3.34: List of Post-offices S. No. Particulars Details 1 India Post IGI T-3 Adjacent to Site 2 Mahipalpur Post Office 1.2 km E

Banks The Study Area is having branches and ATMs of all major nationalized as well as privatized banks. In addition to leading international banks, almost all nationalised and private sector banks have branches in Delhi, many with ATM centres.

Table 3.35: List of banks S. No. Particulars Details 1 Bank of India, Mahipalpur 1.2 km E 2 Punjab National Bank, VasantVihar 4.2 km NE 3 Axis Bank, IGI Airport Adjacent to site

Hospital Medical facilities abound with multi-speciality hospitals, nursing homes and other health- care centres are available in the area.

Table 3.36 List of Hospitals S. No. Particulars Details 1 Artimis Hospital, Dwarka 5.6 km NW 2 Singhal Hospital, Raj Nagar 5.0 km NW 3 Fortis Hospital 2.8 km SE

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4.0 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES

This chapter discusses identification and appraisal of various environmental impacts due to the proposed project. Generally, the environmental impacts can be categorized as either primary or secondary. The development, construction and functional phase of the proposed project comprise various activities, each of which may have some impact on environmental parameters. Various impacts during the development & construction and operation phase on the environmental parameters have been studied to estimate the impact on environment. In development phase, basic infrastructure facilities like internal roads, rainwater harvesting, storm water drainage, street lighting etc. will be developed. Major part of project will be sold in the form of Flats. For proper evaluation and assessment of the environmental impacts due to development and construction and functional phase of proposed project, understanding to the various activities associated with the proposed project is essential. Various activities related to the project would be different, in terms of nature during the development, construction and functional phase. The impact identification and prediction process aims to:  Identify potential source or cause of impact throughout the life of project.  Characterize the potential impacts affecting a target or receptor (physical, human and socioeconomic).  Assess the potential of changing the likely-hood of impact through Environmental Management Plan (EMP)

Prediction of the impacts due to the development, construction and functional activities encompass the development process to be undertaken during construction and functional phases. For each category of environmental receptor (such as, ambient air quality, water quality, soils, land, etc) the potential impacts of activities during development, construction and functional phases and magnitude of the impacts have been assessed and discussed in detail in following sub sections. In each case, cognizance has been taken to mitigation measures inherited in the development, construction and functional phase.

4.1 Pollution Sources Pollutants generated during the construction and operation phase of the proposed development either be liquid, solid and gaseous in nature. The generation of pollution may be periodic, continuous or accidental. Potential sources of pollutants and their characteristics during the construction and operation phase are given below in Table-4.1.

Table-4.1: Potential Pollutant Sources & Characteristics Pollutant S.No Activity / Area Pollutant Frequency Characteristics CONSTRUCTION PHASE

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Pollutant S.No Activity / Area Pollutant Frequency Characteristics 1. Ground excavation and leveling Air Dust from Temporary emissions: construction during PM10, PM2.5 activities and construction CO, NOx, excavation. phase only- SO2 Particulates, NOx bulk of the and CO from emissions are vehicle exhaust expected from ground working and leveling activities. Earth / solid Solid waste from Periodic. waste construction activity and excavation. Noise Noise generated Temporary from construction during initial equipment and construction machinery phase. 2. Labour Camps Sewage Sewage generated Temporary – from temporary during the labour camps on initial site construction phase Solid Waste Solid Waste Temporary – generated from during the temporary labour initial camps on site construction phase OPERATION PHASE 1. Vehicular movement Air Vehicle exhaust Continuous / emissions emissions Periodic and noise 2. Diesel power generators Air SO2, NOx, PM, CO Continuous emissions from fuel burning

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Pollutant S.No Activity / Area Pollutant Frequency Characteristics Noise Noise due to Continuous running of equipment Hazardous Used Oil Periodic, waste Generation during oil changes 3. Commercial/Industrial/Residential Wastewater Wastewater Continuous containing waste food matter Domestic Garbage / Food Continuous Solid waste waste 4. Project area including common Sewage Domestic Continuous toilets wastewater – BOD, S.S, Pathogens Domestic Bio-degradable Continuous – Solid and non- small Wastes biodegradable quantities wastes 5. Raw water treatment Wastewater Backwash water Continuous discharge Solid waste Sludge from Continuous coagulation process 6. Sewage treatment Plant Solid waste Settled and Continuous stabilized sludge Treated Treated sewage Continuous water used for horticulture 7. Diesel Storage Solid waste Settled sludge Occasional during tank cleaning Oil Oil spillage – Accidental / Accidental large Only due to spills due to pipe poor rupture housekeeping Oil Spillage - Small quantities due to small pipe leaks 8. Maintenance/ housekeeping Wastewater Floor washing Continuous

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Pollutant S.No Activity / Area Pollutant Frequency Characteristics Solid waste Used equipment parts and garden Continuous wastes 9. Vehicle Parking Area Oil Spills Minor oil leaks in Continuous – parking lot small quantities 10. Storm water drains Wastewater Contamination During rainy discharge from season site – Mainly suspended solids

4.2 Potential Impacts All the potentially significant environmental impacts from the project are grouped as below:

Air Environment  Impact on ambient air quality  Impact on ambient noise

Water Environment  Impacts on surface water quality  Impact on ground water quantity

Land Environment  Impacts on land use  Impacts on soil fertility  Impacts on agriculture

Ecological Impacts  Impact of tree / vegetation  Impacts on forests and wildlife

Socio-Economic Impacts  Impacts on other infrastructure  Impacts on employment  Impacts on public health and safety  Impacts on cultural resources  Impacts on aesthetics

Table-4.2 gives the overview of the potential impacts due to project location, construction and operation of the proposed project.

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Table-4.2: Overview of Potential Impacts due to the Proposed Project

S. Components Aspect Potential Impact No CONSTRUCTION PHASE Dust emissions from site Minor negative impact preparation, excavation, inside the premises. Ambient Air 1. material handling and other No negative impact Quality construction activities at outside PCM site. site. Short term Minor negative impact near noise generation sources inside Noise generated from premises. construction activities, 2. Noise No significant impact operation of construction on ambient noise equipment and traffic. levels at sensitive receptors. Short term 3. Water quality Surface runoff from project No significant negative site impact. Oil/fuel and waste spills. Short term Improper debris disposal Discharge of sewage from labour camp. 4. Landuse and Land development Minor positive impact Aesthetics 5. Topography & Site development No Significant Impacts Geology 6. Soil Construction activity leading Minor negative impact to topsoil removal and erosion. 7. Ecology Habitat disturbance during Minor negative impact Flora & Fauna construction activity Short term 8. Socio-economy Increased job opportunity Overall positive impact for locals. Economy related to commercial real estate development, material supply etc. expected to boom. 9. Traffic Pattern Haul Truck movement and Minor negative impact possibility of traffic congestion. OPERATION PHASE

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S. Components Aspect Potential Impact No Particulate and gaseous Ambient Air Minor Negative 1 emissions from DG sets and Quality impact vehicle movement Minor negative Noise from vehicle impact inside movement and operation of 2 Noise premises. diesel generator sets during No significant impact power failure. at sensitive receptors. 3 Water Quality Oil/ fuel and waste spills. No significant adverse Discharge of sewage. impact Discharge of contaminated storm water 4 Water usage Use of over 1102 KLD water Minor negative at peak demand (fresh water impact demand – 558KLD) 5 Soil Storage and disposal of solid No negative impact and hazardous wastes Discharge of sewage Fuel and material spills Pesticides use 6 Ecology . Land use change No negative impact Flora & Fauna . Discharge of wastewater to surface water bodies 7 Socio-economy Increased job opportunity in Overall positive the proposed project for the impact locals. 8 Traffic Pattern The proposed project is likely Moderate Negative to add significantly to the Impact predicted traffic during peak hours. As per provision a total number of 4024 ECS would be added

4.3 Impacts Due to Project Location

4.3.1 Displacement of People

Since, the project and its associated activities are limited to acquired and approved area of 32189 sq m and is free from encroachment, and ready for development of project in all respect, hence no displacement of any person is anticipated. Hence there is no rehabilitation and resettlement related issues are involved. The site falls under commercial use. No portion of the site comes under forest/ reserve forest or agricultural land.

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4.3.2 Change of Land use

The development in the entire project influenced area is as per the local development plan of DDA, hence there will be no change in designated land use. Land use change from barren land to Commercial purpose is directly associated with positive developments in human use environment and may be considered as a positive impact. The plot of project will be developed as per the local building by-laws.

4.3.3 Landscaping and Shelterbelt Development

The proposed site is earmarked for development of commercialcomplex. The site has no trees. Under landscaping and tree plantation3220sqmof Plot Areahas been provided for development of green area.

4.3.4 Shifting of Utilities

The proposed site is a vacant land proposed for development of commercial complex project; there shall not be any shifting of existing utilities such as water supply pipelines, sewers, electrical lines, etc. due to the proposed project.

4.3.5 Impact on Archaeological Property

There are no anthropological or archaeological sites or artefacts located near the project site. Since all the activities related to project during construction or operational stage shall be confined to the designated site, and the nature and magnitude of the activities is envisaged to be temporary and insignificant, hence no major or long term impact to any archaeological property is anticipated.

4.4 Impact Due To Project Construction

4.4.1 Pressure on Local Infrastructure

During the construction stage, demand for basic amenities, such as water, power etc., for the construction labour will take place. Thus, the proposed project is supposed to have beneficial impacts along with the requirement of construction activities, put pressure on the existing infrastructure. Considering the nature of the project, impact shall be short term and low in magnitude and are limited to construction phase only.

4.4.2 Impact on Soil

During construction phase there shall be import of material from outside specially the construction material like bricks, cement, murrum, lining material, insulation bricks, HDPE pipes, backfill material, sand, clay, etc, which may change the characteristic of the soil in the construction area. In addition to that, municipal wastes due to construction workers, domestic sewage & sullage from construction labour canteen and office at project site etc, may contribute to changing the soil characteristics. Environment

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management plan will be adopted to mitigate the soil contaminations. Quantities of earthwork involved in cutting, filling, etc. The soil will be collected separately and preserved in stacks with side slopes not exceeding 1:5. The topsoil (soil on the top 20 cm depth) will be collected & preserved separately in a stack covered by tarpaulin. Efforts will be made to reinstate the soil for backfilling purposes. Topsoil will be reused for horticultural areas.

The spillage of oil from the machinery or cement residue from concrete mixer plants might contaminate the soil if not properly collected and disposed off. Thus most stringent safety and construction management norm will be implemented at site. The dripping of oil from construction vehicles might cause soil contamination. In order to prevent soil contamination likely to result from the oil spill and dripping from vehicles, drip pans shall be placed at the parking places of vehicles and the dripped oil shall be collected and subsequently sent to the authorized recycling agencies.

Hazardous waste shall be managed as per Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemical Rules (MSHIC) and Hazardous Wastes Storage, Handling and Transportation Rules of MoEF&CC&CC.

Mitigation Measures

• No loose soil will be allowed to store at site to avoid runoff during rains. Proper compaction and stabilization will be ensured during filling and levelling. • Hazardous waste such as used oil of DG sets shall be collected and stored in leak proof containers and kept in isolated place and will be given to authorised recyclers of CPCB. • Colour coded dust bins will be placed at construction site so that segregation of waste shall be done at source. • All recycled material such as metal, paper, plastic wastes, shall be given to authorised recycler and construction waste (if any) shall be utilised with the site for levelling/ backfilling.

4.4.3 Impact on Water Quality

Following are the most susceptible locations for contamination of water during construction:

 Waterlogged areas during the period of construction and erosion - Landfill material may increase the turbidity of the water logged area and thereby may invite vector of disease.  Ground water resources close to construction material storage yard, concrete mixer plants and maintenance sites of construction vehicles; and Leakage of lubricant or spill may cause water pollution of surface and ground water body.

No bore-well exists within the site and within the vicinity of project site no designated perennial water body are present. Since all construction related activities will be confined to the enclosed construction area, no major impacts on the water bodies present in project influenced area are anticipated. Whatever impact due to accidental

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spills or due to bad construction practice, will be short term and low in magnitude and confined to the construction period only.

Construction & development of site Development of the proposed site could lead to stockpiling and excavation activity on site, thereby causing erosion of base soil. The runoff from the site may contain high quantity of suspended solids (SS). The impact of runoff may not be very significant except during rainy season. Further construction of garland drains will reduce the runoff from the stockpiles.

Bored piling may be carried out for building structures. Bore piling, if used, requires the use of chemical lubricants, which generates a wastewater stream requiring treatment before discharge.

Site workshop The repair and maintenance of equipments/ vehicles on site would generate waste containing oil and grease. The wastewater stream would also be generated from vehicle washing. The impact can be mitigated to a great extent by installing oil and grease traps during construction phase.

Construction of roads & parking areas The impact from the road construction depends on both the construction practices and the type of material used. Construction waste of electrical installation, DG sets, painting and flooring is likely to create significant impact. This type of waste would be stock piled and disposed properly.

Labour Colony During construction phase, wastewater shall be generated from labour colony. High levels of BOD, SS, Nitrogen and E. Coli would characterize wastewater generated. Significant water quality impact will occur. The sewage generated from mobile toilets will be treated in mobile STP and treated water will be used for sprinkling on roads for dust suppression.

Mitigation Measures

Following measures to be taken for water quality during construction phase: . Appropriate sanitation facilities to be provided for the construction workers to reduce impact on surface water quality. . Entire waste water will be treated and reused for landscaping & horticulture, flushing, HVAC activities and construction sites, where ever possible.

. Control of spillage of fuel oil and storage of oil barrels on cemented floor. . Waste oil generated during maintenance of construction equipment will be collected and disposed to approved waste oil recyclers for recycling and reuse. . Runoff from fueling area, vehicle parking areas, etc. will be passed through oil interceptor.

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. A sediment trap will be provided to prevent the discharge of excessive suspended solids . Municipal and other wastes generated at the proposed project will be collected and disposed suitability as per standards practices and regulatory requirement. . Rain Water Harvesting (RWH) pits shall be provided to recharge the ground water. . Suitable drainage network would be made to ensure proper draining of wastewater from the construction sites, so that such water do not form stagnant pools nor aggravate soil erosion.

4.4.4 Impact on Air Quality

Potential impacts on the air quality during the construction stage will be due to the fugitive dust and the exhaust gases generated in and around the construction site due to DG set operation, vehicular movement, earthworks, foundation, drilling, grading and other construction related activities.

Dust is major component of air pollution, generated mainly from the following construction activities:  Site clearance and use of heavy vehicles and machinery / equipment etc. at construction site;  Storage & Handling of construction materials such as sand, cement, etc. at the construction site;

Mitigation Measures It is a better way to plant more trees to avoid air pollution along with proper maintenance of vehicles, DG sets, sprinkling of water on construction areas. In addition of this, following measures shall be adopted:  Batching plant shall be covered to avoid dust.  Regular sprinkling of water on construction site to suppress dust emissions.  Adequate stack height shall be provided with the DG set for natural dispersion of pollutants.  Only PUC holding vehicles are allowed to the project site to check proper maintenance to avoid air pollution.  No use of asbestos.

4.4.5 Impact on Noise Quality

Noise is perceived as one of the most undesirable consequences of construction activity. Though the level of discomfort caused by noise is subjective, the most commonly reported impacts of increased noise levels are interference in verbal communication and disturbance in sleep.

Due to the various construction activities, there will be short-term adverse noise impacts in the immediate vicinity of the project corridor. The construction activities include:

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 Operation of DG sets, concreting and mixing  Excavation for foundations with excavator (if used);  Construction plant and heavy vehicle movement.  Piling and hammering activities

The areas affected are those close to the project site. At the peak of construction, marginal increase in the noise level is expected to occur.

Table-4.3: Typical Noise Levels from Construction Equipment Description Typical Noise Level Reference Distance, m Range , dB (A) Front loaders 72-84 1.0 Backhoes 72-93 1.0 Tractors 76-96 1.0 Scrapers, Graders 80-93 1.0 Pavers 86-88 1.0 Trucks (>1200 cc) 82-94 1.0 Concrete mixers 75-88 1.0 Concrete pumps 81-88 1.0 Crane (moveable) 75-86 1.0 Crane (derrick) 86-88 1.0 Pumps 69-71 1.0 Compressors 74-86 1.0 Overall, the impact of noise on the environment will be insignificant, reversible and mainly confined to the day hours. Noisy construction activities will be carried during the day time only and this will effectively reduce the night time ambient noise level.

As per best practice all the noise generating activities shall be undertaken during day hours and enclosure shall be provided wherever applicable to further minimize noise pollution.

These impacts will be short term during construction phase, with provision of proper enclosures for high noise generation sources and use of proper personal protective devices i.e. ear plug and ear muff will marginalize the impact.

Mathematical modeling is carried out for DG sets. These DG sets are assumed to be operating for four hours in day during peak loads i.e. two hours in morning and two hours in evening.

Mitigation Measures

• Ear plugs and Ear muffs shall be provided to the workers at construction site • All the construction sites will be provided with barricades; • Big foliage trees shall be planted around the periphery of the construction site. • Provision of silencers at the exit of noise source on the machinery;

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• Vehicles shall be properly maintained and serviced. • Regular maintenance of construction equipment; • Inlet and outlet mufflers will be provided which are easy to design; and

4.4.6 Socio-economic Impacts

The social impacts during the construction stage could result due to influx of some migrant workers and associated induced development etc. This will ensure a rise in the consumption of consumer goods in the local area, which will tend to boost up the local economy.

As local labours will be hired from the villages in vicinity of the project site, initial conflict is not envisaged. As far as possible local labour within the project influenced area shall be utilized for the construction purpose and all the activities related to construction worker shall be confined to the project site only, hence no adverse social impacts are envisaged due to the proposed project. Children below 14 will not be appointed for construction.

4.5 Impacts Due To Project Operation

During the Operation phase, there might be impacts on the air, water and land environment and socio-economic aspects. The subsequent sections present the adverse, beneficial, short term and long term impacts due to the operation of the proposed project.

4.5.1 Air Environment

Air pollution can cause significant effects on the ambient environment, and subsequently on humans, animals, vegetation and materials. It primarily affects the respiratory (e.g. by fine dust), circulatory (e.g. by carbon monoxide) and olfactory (e.g. by odors) systems in humans. In most cases, air pollution aggravates pre-existing diseases or degrades health status, making people more susceptible to other infections or the development of chronic respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. Environmental impacts from air pollution can include acidic deposition and reduction in visibility.

Assessment of prevailing ambient air quality status in the vicinity of proposed project site is an important part of environmental impact assessment study. The tropical climatic conditions, especially winds prevailing in India mainly control the dispersion of air pollutants during different seasons. According to the Indian climatology, for all practical purposes in air pollution studies, there are three seasons in a year, viz. winter, pre- monsoon and post-monsoon. For the quantitative assessment of the environmental impact on the ambient air environment during these seasons, atmospheric dispersion modelling is required.

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Atmospheric dispersion modelling is the mathematical simulation of how air pollutants disperse in the ambient atmosphere. It is performed with computer programs that solve the mathematical equations and algorithms which simulate the pollutant dispersion. The dispersion models are used to estimate or to predict the concentration of air pollutants emitted from sources on the desired area. Such models are important to governmental agencies tasked with protecting and managing the ambient air quality. The models are typically employed to determine whether the ambient air quality level due to proposed project will compliance with the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) or not. Over and above models also serve to assist in the design of effective control strategies to reduce emissions of harmful air pollutants.

Methodology For the proposed atmospheric dispersion modelling study, United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) approved and also recommended by the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF&CC&CC), Government of India, regulatory air quality model Airmode is applied to predict ground level incremental concentrations (GLCs) of concerned critical pollutants. Prior to air quality modelling exercise, meteorological condition during one season over project site is extensively studied. Concentrations are estimated for the critical pollutants assessed over appropriate averaging times (i.e. 8 hours and 24 hours) based on the applicability of the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS).

Meteorology Meteorology is the fluid mechanics applied to the atmosphere. Meteorological conditions play an important role in determining existing air quality and environmental conditions. The essential relationship between meteorology and atmospheric dispersion involves the wind in the broadest sense of the term. Wind fluctuations over a very wide range of time and space scales accomplish dispersion and strongly influence other processes associated with them. The characterization of the existing meteorological conditions near a source of pollutants is, therefore, a critical aspect for assessing air quality in the ambient environment. For the rapid air quality impact assessment meteorological data for the desired season/period over the project region are used for air quality modelling. The following subsections describe the prime meteorological parameters during the observation period which govern the dispersion of pollutants.

Atmospheric stability A measure of the tendency of air to move upward or downward within the atmosphere generates turbulence. The atmosphere may be more or less turbulent at any given time, depending on the amount of incoming solar radiation as well as other factors. There are six defined Pasquill atmospheric stability classes, from A to F, each representing a different degree of turbulence in the atmosphere. When moderate to strong incoming solar radiation heats air near the ground, causing it to rise and generating large eddies, the atmosphere is considered unstable. Unstable conditions are associated with atmospheric stability classes A, B and C. In this stability class air has strong tendency to move up or down, and the atmosphere is more turbulent. When solar radiation is relatively weak or absent, air near the surface has reduced tendency to rise and less turbulence develops. In

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this case, the atmosphere is considered stable, the wind is weak, and the stability class would be E or F. Stability classes D represents conditions of neutral stability (moderately turbulent). Neutral conditions are associated with relatively strong wind speeds and moderate solar radiation. The frequency of stability classes during the study period is provided in Table-4.4.

Table-4.4: Frequency of Stability Classes Stability Class Frequency (%) A – Extremely Unstable 5.5 B – Unstable 23.6 C – Slightly Unstable 12.9 D – Neutral 9.0 E – Slightly Stable 15.1 F – Stable 33.9

This data indicates that over the monitoring period, the site exhibits trends of stable atmospheric conditions with 33.9% time during monitoring period. Stable conditions exhibit poor vertical mixing, and low levels of contaminant dispersion. Use of this stability data for modeling purposes will produce higher concentrations of pollutants at a given receptor (i.e. more conservative results).

Mixing height Mixing Height (MH) is the vertical extent through which the contaminant plume can be mixed. Forecasting of mixing height is done with the aid of the vertical temperature profile. The MH is a function of stability. In unstable air the MH is higher and in stable air the MH is lower. With a lower MH, there is a smaller volume of air in which the pollutant can be dispersed, resulting in higher concentrations in the ambient environment. There is a seasonal variation of MH. During summer daylight hours, MH can be few thousand feet whereas for winter it can be a few hundred feet. It varies also in the course of a day. It is lowest at night and increases during the day. Secondary information has been used to determine the mixing height over the study region for the study period (Dec-2018 to Feb- 2019) and it varies from 50-2500 meters (IMD).

Potential Air Environment Impact Assessment During operation phase of project DG capacity provided of 3000 KVA will be expected as the main air pollution sources during. DG sets will be expected to run as back-up power supply during power failure. Thus, for air quality modeling study, it is assumed that the DG sets will be operated as on average four hours (0900-1200 Hrs) during daytime and four hours (1900-2200 Hrs) in the evening time per day. PM, SO2, NOx and CO will be expected as prime criteria air pollutants during the operation phase of the project. The isopleths showing the concentration of PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOx and CO are shown in Figure-4.2 through Figure-4.6 respectively. Modeling result envisages that incremental ground level concentrations of modeled pollutants during operation phase of proposed project during the operation phase are negligible. The resultant concentration level of SO2, NOx and CO pollutants are expected to be well within the NAAQS.

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Figure 4.2: Spatial distribution of 24-hour average PM10 Conc. (g/m3)

Figure 4.3: Spatial distribution of 24-hour average PM2.5 Conc. (g/m3)

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3 Figure 4.4: Spatial distribution of 24-hour average SO2 Conc. (g/m )

Figure 4.5: Spatial distribution of 24-hour average NOx Conc. (g/m3)

3 FIGURE 4.6: SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF 8-HOUR AVERAGE CO CONC. (µG/M )

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Table-4.5: Resultant Concentration Level of Pollutants Background Max. Incremental Max. Resultant Sr. No. Pollutant Unit GLCs GLCs GLCs 3 1. PM10 µg/m 237.04 0.169 237.20 3 2. PM2.5 µg/m 128.23 0.120 128.35 3 3. SO2 µg/m 21.30 1.84 23.14 3 4. NOx µg/m 34.73 10.34 45.07 5. CO mg/m3 0.89 2.88 3.77

4.5.2 Noise Environment

Any unpleasant sound is classified as noise pollution. Sound possesses three definite properties: intensity, frequency and duration. Intensity is the loudness of a sound, or the pressure it exerts through the ear. It is measured in decibels (dB). In assessing noise, a special measurement empirical parameter called "dB (A)" is used to assess the impacts on the human ear. The higher the dB (A) number, the greater is the risk of damage to hearing.

Loud noise may adversely affect people in many ways. For example noise may interfere with sleep, speech, communication and can cause annoyance and other physiological problems. Occupational noise exposure, is also the most common cause of Noise-Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL), threatens the hearing loss among the individuals exposed to noise pollution for longer periods of time, at a less intense level.

Noise Impact Assessment

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The assessment of the impacts of noise on the surrounding community depends upon:  Characteristics of noise source (instantaneous, intermittent, or continuous in nature)  Time of day at which noise occurs  Location of noise source with respect to noise receptor For an approximate estimation of propagation of noise in the ambient air from the area or point source, a standard mathematical model for sound wave propagation used is as follows:

Noise (Receptor) = Noise (Source) - 20 Log [distance (Receptor) / distance (Source)]

For the modeling purposes, terrain is considered flat and there are no sound absorptive materials are present in the direction of the sound wave propagation so as to formulate the worst-case scenario. For the modeling purposes, terrain is considered flat and there are no sound absorptive materials are present in the direction of the sound wave propagation so as to formulate the worst-case scenario. For predicting noise emissions impacts due to proposed project, the noise emission sources are examined during both construction and operational phases. The noise levels during both distinct phases are predicted using the CPCB approved noise model DHAWANI applicable for stationary point sources.

Construction Phase

The project is expected to have large scale construction activities. Sources of noise emissions are expected from various construction equipments. The major noise generating sources envisaged during construction phase and their typical noise level value are given in Table-4.6.

Table-4.6: Noise Levels Generated from Construction Equipment Name of Source Noise Level at 1 m from source (calculated) in dB (A) Air Compressor 111 Back Hoe/Loader 105 Concrete Mixer Truck 109 Concrete Pumper 94 Concrete Vibrators 101 Cranes - mobile 105 Dump Truck 107 Generator 75 Hammering 110 Jackhammer 112 Pile Driver 124 Radial Arm Saw 104

4.5.3 Traffic Congestion/ Increase

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Parking Provisions: Parking for 4024 ECS will be provided. Adequate parking space is provided within the project site on surface and in basements.

Internal Road: Adequate parking space is provided within the project site in basements and surface.  All internal roads are 6 meter wide for smooth traffic flow.  Service lane also provided with the project site to avoid traffic congestion at outside of project site.  One way traffic movement shall be followed to avoid traffic congestion.

4.5.4 WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT AND DISPOSAL

Mitigation Measures

The estimated wastewater generation during the operation phase will be 605KLD, which shall be treated in onsite sewage treatment plant (STP) of capacity 725 KLD. The STP will be provided with primary, secondary and tertiary treatment facilities and is based on MBBR technology. Table-4.7 below shows the expected wastewater as well as treated wastewater characteristics. The schematic flow diagram of the STP is shown as Figure- 4.7.

Table-4.7: Characteristics of Wastewater and Treated Water

Parameters Raw Sewage (Incoming) Treated effluent from STP pH 6.5-8.5 6.5 to 9.0 BOD @20C 250-300 mg/l Less than 20 mg/l Suspended 200-400 mg/l Less than 50 mg/l solid

About 545 KLD of treated effluent will be generated, which shall be used in flushing purposes. This will reduce the domestic water demand efficiently. Regular maintenance check shall be carried out by the project proponent staff. Hence no major adverse impact on the water environment is envisaged. Sludge generated from the STP will be domestic in nature. The digested sludge will be stored in a room with RCC bottom and will be disposed off later on as manure in horticulture.

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Figure-4.7: Schematic flow diagram of STP proposed 4.5.5 Solid Waste

Mitigation Measures

 As per the Central Public Health and Environmental Engineering Organization (CPHEEO) Manual on municipal solid waste.  The solid waste will comprise of biodegradable waste e.g. domestic waste, food waste, horticultural waste etc. and recyclable waste, like plastic, paper, tin, glass etc.  Different colored bins will be used for collection of biodegradable and non biodegradable waste as per MSW rules, 2016.  Private sweepers and MSW handlers will be appointed by the RWA for door to door collection.  Bio-degradable wastes will be composted in onsite organic waste converter.  Non-biodegradable fraction like plastic, tin, glass etc. will be sold to local recyclers  Horticultural waste shall be collected and disposed off with biodegradable waste.  Rest inert Hazardous Waste Generation (DG Waste Oil) will be handed over to municipal corporation for final disposal  Used oil generated from DG sets will be stored in HDPE drums and sold to authorized vendors.

4.5.6 Socio Economic Impacts

Induced Development

This section discusses the project activities and the extent of the potential impacts anticipated from these. Based on the nature and type of impacts, the assessment has been divided into three category i.e. positive, negative and negligible impacts. For example the positive impacts are: job creation for men and women, better utilization of land, preservation of environment, and infrastructure development. Long term impacts have taken into account i.e. relocation, demography, aesthetics, accessing utilities, and impact on

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Positive Impacts on Infrastructure

The operation of the project, provide value addition to the existing infrastructure facility such as, office spaces, public transport, water supply, telecommunications, etc.

Job opportunity: During the social impact assessment process, meetings were held with the neighboring local settlements to listen to their specific concerns. The key question raised by the local community was the employment opportunities that would be generated in the area.

The occupational profile of the region is such that the villagers can be a good source of labor during construction phase. This community can look forward to benefit due to more jobs and also better access to utilities. The benefit relate to the direct employment associated with the construction.

Considering the increasing emphasis of employment and education in the village, the locals would have the opportunities for administrative or other supervisory jobs, closer to their place of stay. Expenditure incurred by those employed at the project will boost local economy in the village. Jobs would be created for unskilled, semi skilled as well as skilled labor category, for which locals would be given preference and there by the overall development of the region is envisaged.

Benefits to women: The proposed project would generate jobs for the women laborers during construction. Women are also likely to get job during construction phase. This will considerably reduce their travel time and therefore enable them to attend to their children and also other household chores.

Increase in Land Value: The prices of the land are likely to increase with the coming up of the project. Hence the proposed project will have beneficial impact.

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5.0 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES (TECHNOLOGY & SITE)

5.1 Use of Environment Friendly Materials

Eco friendly building materials and construction technology will be used for the Project. a. Use of Ferro Cement: Reducing material use by use of ferro-cement wherever possible. These are energy efficient and also help reduce the dead load of a building. b. Use of Fly Ash Bricks: Emphasis has been given on using eco friendly materials like fly ash bricks in this project. There are lot of advantages which fly ash brick and fly ash lime brick enjoys over conventional bricks and are enlisted below:

 Cost less to produce – at least 10% less than concrete bricks and 20% less than clay bricks.

 Save construction cost – Due to the uniform shape and size of the fly ash brick, it saves labor in laying bricks by about 15%.

 Use less energy – High amount of energy is consumed in heating clay bricks in kilns. By using fly ash bricks instead of clay bricks, energy is saved in brick manufacturing.

 Reduce air pollution – Fossil fuel is used in heating clay bricks in kilns. Burning such fuel generates air pollution and greenhouse gas (CO2), contributing to global warming. By manufacturing fly ash bricks (at room temperature) instead of clay bricks (at over 2,000 oF), emission of air pollutants and greenhouse gas is avoided at brick plants, which helps to reduce air pollution and global warming.

 Cleans indoor air – Recent research has shown that by using fly ash bricks indoors, the bricks adsorb mercury from the indoor air, causing the indoor air to be cleaner than the outdoor air. c. Use of low VOC emissions such as cement and use of materials that prevent leaching. d. Material that are exceptionally durable, or require low maintenance e.g. PVC pipes will be used.

5.2 Building Materials

Use of alternative technologies for each component of the buildings of envelope, superstructure, finishes and the road and surrounding areas will follow National Building Code 2016 (N B C - 2016). Some of these are given below:

 Brick and block products with waste and recycled contents such as fly ash (waste from coal burning plants), blast furnaces lag, sewage sludge, waste wood fiber etc.  Fly ash based light weight aerated concrete blocks will be used for walls.

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 Perforated bricks will be used for wall structures.  Brick panel with joists, fillers lab roofing, brick funicular shell roofing, RCC channel units, micro-concrete roofing tiles are some of the alternative techniques for roofing.

 Some of the alternate materials for openings in construction are:-

 Use of precast thin lintels, use of ferro-cement, sun shade cum lintel etc.  Use of renewable timber for doors and windows.  Use of steel manufactured from recycled content.  Aluminum from verified recycled content.  Saw dust based doors and window frames.  Ferro-cement shutters, PVC doors and windows, Rice husk boards, Natural fiber reinforced polymer composite door panels.  Bamboo based products, bamboo strips boards.  Alternatives for finishes include Fly ash, Ceramic tiles, Terrazzo floors.

5.3 Green Buildings

Green building concepts will be encouraged to develop environmental friendly concepts in construction activity. This approach will result in reduction in operating costs like energy and water, besides several intangible benefits. Some of the salient features of the project are:

 Minimal disturbance to landscapes and site condition. Conservation of existing vegetation and tree plantation has been proposed,  Use of Recycled and Environmental Friendly Building Materials,  Use of Non-Toxic and recycled / recyclable Materials,  Efficient use of Water and Water Recycling. Treated waste water will be recycled within the project site. No ground water extraction has been proposed,  Use of Energy Efficient and Eco-Friendly Equipment, Use of Renewable Energy. Solar lights will be used for lighting common areas. Indoor Air Quality for Human Safety and Comfort will be maintained. Effective Controls and Building Management Systems will be implemented.

 Issues in Green Building Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy

 Building orientation to take advantage of solar access, shading, and natural lighting

 Effects of micro-climate on building

 Thermal efficiency of building envelope and fenestration  Properly sized and efficient heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning (HVAC)system

 Alternative energy sources.

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 Minimization of electric loads from lighting, appliances, and equipment.

 Utility incentives to off- set costs.

During operational Phase, appropriate energy conservation measures & management plan will be adopted and detailed ECBC compliance report is attached.

5.4 Resource Conservation and Recycling

 Use of recyclable products and those with recycled material content,  Reuse of building components, equipment, and furnishings,  Minimization of construction waste and demolition debris through reuse and recycling,  Easy access to recycling facilities for building occupants,  Minimization of sanitary waste through reuse of gray water after treatment,  Use of rain water for recharging of ground water,  Water conservation in building operations by using water-saving devices,

5.5 Indoor Environmental Quality  Volatile organic compound content of building materials will minimize due to use of water based paints,  Minimization of opportunity for microbial growth by using herbal based pesticides and fungicides,  Adequate fresh air supply due to building design approach.

5.6 Community Issues to Be Kept In View At The Time Of Designing  Local incentives, policies, regulations that promote green design under CER activities will be implemented,  Construction waste will be reused within site.  Regional availability of environmental products and expertise will be used to maximum extent.

5.7 Energy Conservation  The proposed project is Commercial.  The total power requirement of the project is 8000 KVA.  In order to cater the same the fuel used for producing this energy are proposed to use following renewable source of energy.  To install solar panels on the roof of Commercial buildings and public amenity buildings wherever it is feasible  To install solar based street lights. 5.7.1 Other Energy Conservation Measures

 To use LED Lamps in place of high pressure discharge lamps for the street lights.  To use time based circuits for street light to switch off part of the lights during night hours.

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 To use dimmer to reduce the illumination level to reduce the energy consumption.  To use automation for all the mechanical plants like STP, WTP, Transmission Lines, etc.  To use star rated high efficiency motors for all the plants. 5.8 Awareness Programme To bring a strict discipline in the end user, an awareness programme will be conducted to educate all type of end users to use.  LED Lights wherever possible.  To use dimmers and automation for all the lights.  To use thermal insulation for building envelope to reduce the heat input.  To activate lights, A/C or any other equipment on occupancy basis.

5.9 Conclusion Based on the environmental assessment, all possible environment aspects have been adequately assessed and addressed. Necessary control measures have been formulated to meet with statutory requirements, in the preparation of the EIA-EMP.

The project will provide impetus to further future growth of the surrounding areas. Implementing this project will have significant positive impacts, thereby encouraging acceptance in terms of regional development.

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6.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME

6.1 Preamble The purpose of environmental monitoring is to evaluate the effectiveness of implementation of Environmental Management Plan (EMP) by periodically monitoring the important environmental parameters within the impact area, so that any adverse affects are detected and timely action can be taken.

As per the directive of SEAC, MoEF&CC, CPCB and SPCB, the project administration will monitor ambient air quality, water quality, noise levels, soil quality and solid waste management both during the construction and operation period of the project in accordance with the approved monitoring schedule. A suggested monitoring programme, based on the predicted impacts, is given in Table-6.1 below:

Table-6.1: Suggested Monitoring Program for Proposed Project

Potential Parameters for S.N. Action Timing Impact Monitoring I. Construction Phase All equipments are Random checks of operated within Construction equipment logs/ specified design activities manuals parameters. Site Clearance Vehicle trips to be and minimized to the Vehicle logs Construction extent possible activities Any dry, dusty materials stored in Absence of covered area/ stockpiles or open Construction 1. Air Emissions containers or containers of dusty activities prevented from materials. blowing. Compaction of soil during various Construction Construction logs construction activities activities Ambient air quality General parameters within the project as per NAAQS Half Yearly site to be notification 2009. monitored.

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Potential Parameters for S.N. Action Timing Impact Monitoring Prepare list of all onsite noise generating machineries along During Equipment logs, with age. construction noise reading Equipments to be phase. maintained in good working order. Night time work to Working hour Construction be minimized. records activities Implement good working practices (equipment selection and siting) to minimize noise and also Site working During reduce its impacts practices records, construction on human health noise reading phase. (ear muffs, safe 2. Noise distances and enclosures). No machinery running when not required. Acoustic mufflers / enclosures to be Mufflers / Prior to use of provided in large enclosures in place. equipment. engines Ambient noise level to be monitored within Noise reading Half Yearly the project premises. All equipments Random checks of During operated within equipment logs/ construction specified design manuals phase. parameters. Vehicle trips to be During minimized to the Vehicle logs construction extent possible phase.

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Potential Parameters for S.N. Action Timing Impact Monitoring No untreated discharge to be No discharge hoses During made to surface in vicinity of construction water, watercourses. phase. groundwater or soil. Wastewater Take care in 3. Discharge disposal of wastewater Check frequency of During generated so that sewage disposal in construction soil and case of mobile phase. groundwater toilets used. resources are protected. Protect topsoil During stockpile where Effective cover in 4. Soil Erosion construction possible at edge of place. phase site. Ensure drainage system and Drainage and Visual inspection of During specific design 5. effluent drainage and construction measures are Management records thereof phase. working effectively. Implement waste management plan that identifies and Comprehensive characterizes Waste Management every waste arising Prepare plan Plan in place and from project prior to site available for activities including clearance and Waste inspection on-site. 6. hazardous wastes implementation Management Strict compliance and which during with the plan identifies the construction regarding collection, procedures for phase. storage and collection, disposal. handling & disposal of each waste.

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Potential Parameters for S.N. Action Timing Impact Monitoring Plan to be drawn up, considering Non-routine likely emergencies During events and Mock drills and 7. and steps required construction accidental records of the same to prevent/ limit phase. releases consequences.

II. Operational Phase Stack emissions During from DG set to be Parameters as per operation optimized and CPCB standard. phase (Half monitored Yearly) 9. Air Emissions Ambient air quality During General parameters within the project operation as per NAAQS site to be phase (Half notification, 2009 monitored. Yearly) Noise generated from operation of DG set to be optimized and During monitored. Ambient and DG operation 10. Noise DG sets to be noise Monitoring phase (Half provided with Yearly) acoustic enclosure and stack of height as per norms No untreated discharge to be No discharge hoses During made to surface in vicinity of operation water, watercourses. phase. groundwater or soil. Wastewater Take care in 11. Discharge disposal of Parameters as per wastewater CPCB standard Quarterly generated such depending on the throughout the that soil and final disposal of project life. groundwater treated effluent resources are from onsite STP. protected

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Potential Parameters for S.N. Action Timing Impact Monitoring Ensure drainage system and Visual inspection of Drainage and During specific design drainage and 12. effluent operation measures are records of Management phase working maintenance. effectively. Fire protection and safety measures to Emergency Mock drill records, take care of fire During preparedness, on site emergency 13. hazards, to be operation such as fire plan, evacuation assessed and steps phase fighting plan taken for their prevention. The Environment Management A formal letter from Cell/Unit to be set During Environment the management up to ensure operation 14. Management indicating formation implementation phase Cell/Unit of Environment and monitoring of Management Cell environmental safeguards.

6.1 Water Quality Monitoring Since water contamination leads to various water related diseases, the project proponent shall establish a procedure for water quality surveillance and ensure safe water for the consumers. Drinking water quality shall be monitored as per IS: 10500:2012 parameters and construction water quality to be monitored as per standards applicable for use in construction activity. During the operation phase, no ground water shall be abstracted onsite and water supply from the DJB shall be availed. Therefore, during the operation phase, water quality monitoring shall be limited to the STP treated effluent as per the CPCB standards.

6.2 Air And Noise Quality Monitoring

The attributes to be monitored as a part of the mitigation measures are Air Quality, Noise Levels; the monitoring programme for the construction and operation stage is presented in Table-6.2.

Table-6.2: Monitoring Programme during Construction and Operation Stage

Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Particulate Matter, Size less than 10µm (PM ) Parameters to 10 1 Particulate Matter, Size less than 2.5µm (PM ) be monitored 2.5 Sulphur Dioxide (SO2)

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Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) Carbon Monoxide (CO)

2 No. of locations One at the project site Frequency of 3 Half Yearly @ two days monitoring [24 hourlysample] Monitoring The monitoring results should be compared with the 4 Compliance Revised National Ambient Air Quality Standards, 2009. Noise Quality Monitoring Parameters to 1 Hourly equivalent noise levels for 24 hours be monitored 2 No. of locations Four locations near boundary. Frequency of 3 Half Yearly Monitoring The monitoring results should be compared with the 4 Compliance National Ambient Noise Quality Standards. STP Outlet Water Quality Monitoring Parameters to 1 pH, Total suspended solids (TSS), BOD, COD, O & G be monitored 2 Location One at outlet of STP Frequency of 3 Quarterly Monitoring The monitoring results should be compared with the 4 Compliance CPCB standard for discharge.

6.3 Compilation And Analysis of Data and Reporting System

Record keeping and reporting of performance is an important management tool for ensuring sustainable operation of the project. The monitoring shall be carried out through MoEF&CC/ NABL approved laboratory. All records shall be maintained for regulatory, monitoring and operational issues. Typical record keeping requirements for the proposed project is summarized in Table-6.3.

Table-6.3: Record Keeping Requirements

Parameter Particulars Solid Waste  Daily quantity of waste collected Handling & Disposal  Daily quantity treated and recycled  Daily quantity sent for disposal through agency Hazardous Wastes  Quantity of waste generated [Used Oil]  Quantity of wastes sold to authorized recyclers  Waste manifests and record keeping as per rules Sewage Treatment  Daily quantity of raw and treated sewage  Quantity and point of usage of treated wastewater

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Parameter Particulars  Treated wastewater quality

Regulatory Licenses  Consents from State Pollution Control Board (Environmental)  Copy of Waste manifests as per requirement Monitoring &  Records of all monitoring carried out as per the finalized Survey monitoring protocol. Accident reporting  Date and time of the accident  Sequence of events leading to accident  Name of hazardous waste/fuel/chemical involved in the accident  Emergency measure taken  Step to prevent recurrence of such events Other  Log book of maintenance and compliance  Equipment inspection and calibration records, where applicable

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7.0 ADDITIONAL STUDIES

7.1 RISK ASSESSMENT

A disaster is a catastrophic situation in which suddenly, people are plunged into helplessness and suffering and as a result, need protection, clothing, shelter, medical, social care and other necessities of life.

Disasters can be divided into two main heads. In the first head, the disasters result from natural phenomena like earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, storm surges, cyclones, tropical storms, floods, avalanches, landslides, forest fires.

The second head includes disastrous events occasioned by man, or by man's impact upon the environment. Examples are armed conflict, industrial accidents, radiation accidents, factory fires, explosions and escape of toxic gases or chemical substances, river pollution, mining or other structural collapses, air, sea, rail and road transport accidents and can reach catastrophic dimensions in terms of human loss.

There is no set criteria for assessing the gravity of a disaster in the abstract since this depends to a large extent on the physical, economic and social environment in which it occurs. However, all disasters bring in their wake similar consequences that call for immediate action, whether at the local, national or international level, for the rescue and relief of the victims.

7.2 Disaster Management Plan (DMP)

The project encompasses the lives of a large number of people. It also involves installation of various structures and machineries that meet the comfort and need of its population but may also pose serious threat to the occupants in case of an accident. It is thus considered necessary to carry out a risk assessment and disaster management plan for the project.

The Disaster Management Plan is aimed to ensure safety of life, protection of environment, protection of installation, restoration of production and salvage operations in this same order of priorities. For effective implementation of the Disaster Management Plan, it should be widely circulated and personnel training through rehearsals/drills.

To tackle the consequences of a major emergency inside the site or immediate vicinity of the site, a Disaster Management Plan has to be formulated and this planned emergency document is called "Disaster Management Plan". The objective of the Disaster Management Plan is to make use of the combined resources of the project site and the outside services to achieve the following:-

 Effect the rescue and medical treatment of casualties;  Safeguard other people;

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 Minimize damage to property and the environment;  Initially contain and ultimately bring the incident under control;  Identify any dead;  Provide for the needs of relatives;  Provide authoritative information to the news media;  Secure the safe rehabilitation of affected area;  Preserve relevant records and equipment for the subsequent inquiry into the cause and circumstances of the Emergency.

7.3 Risk Hazard & its control measures

It is attempted to plan and construct the buildings following all safety norms. However, it is not always possible to totally eliminate such eventualities and random failures of equipment or human errors. An essential part of major hazard control has therefore, to be concerned with mitigating the effects of such emergency and restoration of normalcy at the earliest. A detailed Table showing activity during construction and operation phase along with mitigation measures are given in Table-7.1.

Table-7.1: Activities during construction and operation along with mitigation measures

HAZARDS ASSOCIATED WITH ACTIVITIES CONTROL/MITIGATION MEASURES (During Construction & Operation)  Manual Handling Exercise/warm up - get help when needed Strains and sprains - incorrect lifting - too -control loads - rest breaks/no exhaustion heavy loads -twisting - bending - -no rapid movement/ repetitive movement - body vibration. twisting/bending/repetitive movement – good housekeeping.  Falls - Slips - Trips Falls on same level - falls to surfaces Housekeeping - tidy workplace - below - poor housekeeping - slippery guardrails, safety net, handholds,warning surfaces, uneven surfaces - poor access line and barriers, clear & safe access to to work areas -unloading materials into work areas - egress from work areas and excavations wind - falling objects. constant supervision of the worker from ground level.  Fire Flammable liquids/Gases like LPG, Diesel Combustible/flammable materials Storage area and combustible building properly stored / used - good materials - poor housekeeping - grinding housekeeping - fire extinguishers made sparks - open flames, absence of Fire available & Fire hydrant Network as per hydrant net work. approval - Emergency Plan in case of Fire or collapse of structure.  Absence of Personal Protective Equipment Use of personal protective equipment and Lack of adequate footwear, gloves - awareness training.

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goggles - head protection -hearing / eye protection - respiratory protection.  Defective or wrong Hand Tools /machines Right tool for the job - used properly - Wrong tool - defective tool - struck by good condition/ using safety devices over flying debris or missing safety devices the equipments and machines - eye/face over the equipment/machines strains and protection. sprains - dust and carbon monoxide emission.  Electricity Electrocution - overhead/underground Leads good condition and earthed - no services - any leads damaged or poorly temporary repairs - no exposed wires - insulated - temporary repairs -no testing good insulation - no overloading - use of and tagging - circuits overloaded - non use protective devices - testing and tagging - of protective devices. no overhead/ underground services  Scarffolding Poor foundation - lack of ladder access All scaffolds correctly braced and insufficient planking - lack of guardrails stabilized - 3:1 height to base ratio - firm and toe boards - insufficient ties or other foundation, plumb and level - ladder means - all scaffolds incorrectly braced or access provided and used - proper stabilized to prevent overturning. platform (3 planks/675 mm) - planks secured - guardrails and toe boards.  Ladders Carrying loads - not secured against Secured against movement or footed - dislodgement -defective ladders - ladders in good condition - regularly insufficient length - wrong positions - inspected – sufficient length - use for incorrectly placed angles in access way. access only, not working platforms.  Excavations Soil stability known - no water Trench collapse - material falling in accumulation - existing services known - undetected underground services - falls - clear of suspended loads – hardhats / PPE hazardous atmosphere struck by traffic - ladders - public protection – and mobile plant. atmospheric testing - traffic controls - Emergency Plan.  Gas Cutting and Welding Fire - welding flash, burns, fumes, Recognition of symptoms of harmful electrocution in wet conditions - exposure, limiting occupational exposure, flashback in oxygen set, leaking cylinders, substituting less hazardous flux materials, acetylene cylinders lying down - poorly wearing respiratory protection/ PPE, maintained leads. ventilation in the working area, training to operators.  Noise Levels below 85 decibels - proper Unknown noise levels - known noise protection. levels exceeding the limits applicable.  Falling Material Materials to be secured – kept away from Fall during carrying/Lifting materials- edge - toe boards –Use of hard hats.

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dislodged tools and materials from overhead work areas.  Crane & Lifts Display of carrying capacity i.e., load (no. Periodic testing by competent authority - of person), incorrectly slung, defective correctly slung /secured loads, lifting lifting equipment, unsecured loads, equipment good condition - use of proper craning in close proximity to building hand signals - falls while unloading people and plant - falls - falling materials. controlled.

 Visitors Presence at site Sufficient hoarding - fencing and Falls - struck by - dropped materials - road barricades - safe pedestrian access past accidents -insufficient warning signage, site traffic management for loading and fencing - pedestrian access. delivery-construction separated from occupied areas of projects.

7.4 Earthquake 7.4.1 Response Procedures for Occupants

If indoors: 1) Take cover under a piece of heavy furniture or against an inside wall and hold on. Stay inside: The most dangerous thing to do during the shaking of an earthquake is to try to leave the building because objects can fall on you.

If outdoors: Move into the open, away from buildings, streetlights, and utility wires. Once in the open, stay there until the shaking stops.

If in a moving vehicle: Stop quickly and stay in the vehicle. Move to a clear area away from buildings, trees, overpasses, or utility wires. Once the shaking has stopped, proceed with caution. Avoid bridges or ramps that might have been damaged by the quake.

After the quake 1) After the quake be prepared for aftershocks.

2) Although smaller than the main shock, aftershocks cause additional damage and may bring weakened structures down. Aftershocks can occur in the first hours, days, weeks, or even months after the quake.

Help injured or trapped persons. 1) Provide first aid where appropriate and not to move seriously injured persons unless they are in immediate danger of further injury. Call for help.

2) Remember to help those first who may require special assistance--infants, the elderly, and people with disabilities.

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3) Stay out of damaged buildings.

4) Use the telephone only for emergency calls.

7.4.2 Response Procedure for Emergency Team 1) Formulate an Emergency Response Team for earthquake response.

2) Using the public address system, inform occupants of response procedures discussed above.

3) Inform the necessary authorities for aid.

4) Ensure no person is stuck beneath any debris, in case of a structural failure. 5) Ensure that all occupants standing outside near the buildings are taken to open areas.

6) Ensure that the first aid ambulance and fire tender vehicles are summoned if necessary.

7) Inform the nearby hospitals if there are any injuries.

8) Check the utilities and storage tanks for any damage.

7.5 Seismicity Based on the tectonic features and records of earthquake, a Seismic Zoning map has been developed for the country by Bureau of Indian Standard (BIS). The area under study falls under seismic Zone-IV (refer Figure-7.1) and thereby almost stable in nature. However suitable seismic coefficients in horizontal and vertical directions will be adopted while designing the structures.

Seismicity of the proposed site will be taken into consideration during designing of the structural components of the development in the construction phase. The depth of the foundation, footing of the structural components, the bending moment calculations shall adhere to the criteria of seismic load. Necessary seismic factors, suggested by Indian Meteorology Department (IMD IS1893-Part I, 2002) shall be incorporated suitably, while designing the structures to safeguard against earthquake risks

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Figure-7.1: Seismic Zone map

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Table 7.2: History of Earth Quake in NCR Region from April `1980 to March 2013

Location Dates Magnitude Latitude (°N) Longitude (°E) 12-May-15 27.794 85.974 7.3 26-Apr-15 27.794 85.974 6.7 25-Apr-15 28.193 84.865 6.6 25-April-15 28.147 84.708 7.8 21-May-14 - - 5.6 12-Nov-13 - - 3.1 16-Apr-13 28.87 95.12 5.3 5-Mar-12 28.808 76.772 4.9 7-Sep-12 28.38 77.12 4.2 16-Nov-94 28.5 76.95 2.9 15-Oct-94 28.59 79.92 2.8 28-Jul-94 28.51 77.25 2.8 3-Dec-93 28.6 77.4 3.5 6-Aug-93 28.64 77.14 2.5 27-Mar-93 28.63 77.2 3.6 16-Feb-93 28.63 76.35 2.6 6-Jun-92 28.65 76.69 2.8 27-Aug-90 76.35 28.58 4.0 15-May-90 76.43 29.12 4.1 27-April-80 77.38 28.37 4.7

7.6 Flood Flooding occurs when an extreme volume of water is carried by rivers, creeks and many other geographical features into areas where the water cannot be drained adequately. Often during times of heavy rainfall, drainage systems in residential areas are not adequate, or unchecked civil development severely impedes the functionality of an otherwise acceptable drainage system. Floods cause extremely large numbers of fatalities in every country, but due to India's extremely high population density and often under development standards, a large amount of damages and many deaths occurred. India witnesses flood due to excessive rain which then results in overflow of rivers, lakes and dams, which adds to cause large amounts of damage to people's lives and property. In the past, India has witnessed many of the largest, most catastrophic floods, causing irreparable damage to people's livelihood, property, and crucial infrastructure.

7.6.1 Flood in Delhi-NCR As per Flood Map of India (Fig:7.3), Delhi does not falls under flood prone area. Hence flood possibilities are very minimal. Figure showing Flood Prone map of India.

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Figure 7.3: Flood Zone Map of India

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7.6.2 History of Flood in Yamuna River, Delhi

7.7 Fire

 Required response during in the event of a fire should be described in signs located in the lobby.

 On sighting a fire, it should be immediately informed to the facility manager giving the exact location and type of fire in detail.

 Initiate the Emergency Response Team for fires.

 If the fire is small, engage in extinguishing the fire using the nearest fire extinguisher.

 Guide the Emergency Response Team staff to the emergency assembly point.

 The Emergency Response Team should immediately inform the nearest dispensary and security force. If required a fire tender should be summoned.

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 The response team should immediately move to the point of fire and take all necessary steps to stop the fire. If the fire is not controllable and spreads then the manager in charge should inform the district authorities and call for external help.

 The Emergency Response Team will provide immediate relief to the injured occupants at the scene of incident. Any injured persons should be evacuated on priority to the dispensary or one of the nearest hospitals based on their condition.

7.7.1 Instructions for occupants 1) Get out of buildings as quickly and as safely as possible. 2) Use the stairs to escape. When evacuating, stay low to the ground.

3) If possible, cover mouth with a cloth to avoid inhaling smoke and gases.

4) Close doors in each room after escaping to delay the spread of the fire.

5) If in a room with a closed door.

6) If smoke is pouring in around the bottom of the door or if it feels hot, keep the door closed.

7) Open a window to escape or for fresh air while awaiting rescue.

8) If there is no smoke at the bottom or top and the door is not hot, then open the door slowly.

9) If there is too much smoke or fire in the hall, slam the door shut.

10) Stay out of damaged buildings.

Adequate fire fighting system is proposed for the project as per norms to prevent and control fire outbreaks. The fire fighting system will consist of portable fire extinguishers, hose reel, wet riser, yard hydrant, automatic sprinkler system for the project, and manual fire alarm system.

7.8 Emergency Response Plan (ERP)

Despite all efforts, it is within the realm of possibility that emergencies and accidents could take place. It is the objective of emergency management to prevent the accidents and to minimize losses that occur due to such accidents by technical and organizational measures. It is also a responsibility of effective management to be able to restore normalcy as quickly as possible. In preparation of the ERP, the following elements have been considered to make it effective.

 Leadership and administration for emergency management.  Prompt activation of Emergency Management Plan to minimize loss

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 Communication arrangements for warning/notification and requesting external help  Lighting and stand-by power for various combat operations  Setting up of an Emergency Control Center to act as a command and control point during an emergency  Defining escape routes and deciding upon methods that will be employed for evacuation of people  Provision for Medical care to the injured and response personnel  Protection of vital records  Formulation of public relations/functions including interaction with media, press, officials and neighboring population  Preparation and use of checklists for various emergency management functions for pre-, post and in emergency activities.  Conducting regular training programs for all level of employees, and  Conducting Mock Drills for assessment of the level of preparedness of men and material at the site.

Main hazards identified for the project include hazards pertaining to fires in buildings and fire in diesel storage areas, earthquake and LPG leakage at residences and an ERP pertaining to these is described in the following section.

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8.0 PROJECT BENEFITS

8.1 General The project site is Development of Commercial Building as LP-1B-03 at Gateway District of Aerocity, IGI Airport, New Delhi.

8.2 Improvement in Physical Infrastructure Proposed project will help in meeting the growing commercial needs of people; it also provides state-of-the-art apartments and modern terms of comfort and safety of its commercial buildings along with commercial space, nursing homes and educational institute. Care has been taken to provide the occupants and visitors with necessary facilities as power, water supply, parking spaces and wide roads. Commercial project will provide encouragement to other commercial projects. Adjoining roads will be widened and strengthened and linked to local market. Market will be developed to meet the daily needs of people of the living units. This will certainly improve the status of the people in the areas.

8.3 Improvement in Social Infrastructure Building construction project requires a large number of manpower in the form of labors. Though the surrounding area is urbanized, there are still plenty of unemployed persons who can be engaged as local labours.

In addition, local people may be engaged during construction and operation as security personal and maintenance staffs for this project which will have economical and social impact on the unemployed youths.

The community can look forward to benefit due to more jobs and also better access to utilities. The benefit relate to the direct employment associated with the construction.

8.4 Employment Potential Considering the increasing emphasis of employment and education in the village, the locals would have the opportunities for jobs, closer to their place of stay. Expenditure incurred by those employed at the project will boost local economy in the village. Jobs would be created for unskilled, semi skilled as well as skilled labour category, for which locals would be given preference and there by the overall development of the region is envisaged.

8.5 Corporate Environment Responsibility Following points will be covered under CER  Promotion of Education  Gender equity and women empowerment  Contribution to the Prime Minister’s relief fund  Employment enhancing vocational skills  Eradication of extreme hunger and poverty  Reducing child mortality

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 Environment Sustainability

8.6 Benefits To Women During the construction phase, the proposed project will provide opportunity of employment related to construction activities. During the operation phase there will be considerable opportunities of employment due to demand of help and other such requirements in the project. The proximity of the project site to nearby village will benefit such women, as their travel time will considerable reduce.

Increase In Land Value The prices of the land are likely to increase with the coming up of the project. Hence the proposed project will have beneficial impact.

Wider Economic Growth The proposed project will increase the economic activities around the area, creating avenues for direct/indirect employment in the post project period. There would be a wider positive economic impact in terms of generating opportunities for other business too.

8.7 Environmental Benefits Project will help to enhance the development of green area in the locality which will help to improve air and noise environment. Waste Management will be better and reduce load of waste generation and disposal to the government landfill sites. Wastewater discharge from the project will be nill hence help to prevent water pollution. Project will impose rain water harvesting to recharge the ground water to increase ground water level.

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9.0 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN

9.1 Preamble The Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is a site specific plan developed to ensure that the project is implemented in an environmental sustainable manner where all contractors and subcontractors, including consultants, understand the potential environmental risks arising from the proposed project and take appropriate actions to properly manage that risk. EMP also ensures that the project implementation is carried out in accordance with the design by taking appropriate mitigation actions to reduce adverse environmental impacts during its life cycle. The plan outlines existing and potential problems that may adversely impact the environment and recommends corrective measures where required. Also, the plan outlines roles and responsibility of the key personnel and contractors who are charged with the responsibility to manage the project site. The EMP is generally:

 Prepared in accordance with rules and regulations of the MOEF&CC and State Pollution Control Board;  To ensure that the component of facility are operated in accordance with the design;  A process that confirms proper operation through supervision and monitoring;  A system that addresses public complaints during construction and operation of the facility; and  A plan that ensures remedial measures is implemented immediately.

The key benefits of the EMP are that it provides the organization with means of managing its environmental performance thereby allowing it to contribute to improved environmental quality. The other benefits include cost control and improved relations with the stake holders.

 Commitment & Policy: The proposed project management will strive to provide and implement the Environmental Management Plan that incorporates all issues related to air, noise, land, and water.  Planning: This includes identification of environmental impacts, legal requirements and setting environmental objectives.  Implementation: This comprises of resources available to the developers, accountability of contractors, training of operational staff associated with environmental control facilities and documentation of measures to be taken.  Measurement & Evaluation: This includes monitoring, corrective actions, and record keeping.

9.2 Environmental Management Cell The Environmental Management Cell constitutes provision of an Environmental Division, which should be supervised by the Project In-charge of the site and assisted by environmental professionals and external consultancy organization. The task assigned should include compliances to all statutory guidelines, conditions put forth under Environmental Clearance, Compliance to Consent to Establish and Consent to Operate

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from SPCB, co-ordination of studies, monitoring and implementation of environmental mitigation measures and any other conditions as requires to be maintained under Environmental Norms & Guidelines. The Environment Management Plan shall be implemented in phases, so that optimum benefit could be achieved and it should be synchronized with the construction schedules.

Management

Project In-charge

Environmental Professional

External Consultant

Table 9.1 : EMP Budget during operational phase Environment Budget (operational phase) Component Capital Cost (in Recurring Cost (Rs in lacs) Lacs/ Annum) Sewage Treatment Plant (725 50 10 KLD) Rain Water Harvesting Tank (10 15.0 3.0 Nos.) Solid waste Management (OWC) 15.0 8 Horticulture Development 13 0.20 Roof Top SPV Plant 30 0.10 Environment Monitoring 1.5 Total 123 22.8

Table 9.2: EMP Budget during construction phase Environment Budget (Construction phase) Component Unit Recurring Cost (Rs in Lacs/ Annum) Water for Dust Suppression 10 Site Sanitation (Mobile Toilets etc) 13 Mobile STP Disinfection 2.5 Labour Health Check UP 15 Labour Welfare 25 Wheel Washing 1.0 Waste Storage Bins- Labour 5.0

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Camp/Site office Environment Monitoring 2.0 Total 73.5

Table-9.3: Environmental Management Plan

Controls Sr. Potential Impact Environmenta Potential Through Remedial No Source Of Evaluatio l Components Impacts EMP & Measures . Impact n Design 1. Groundwater Ground Construction Mobile STP Minor Wherever Quality water Phase negative possible care contaminati Waste water impact will be taken on generated inside to prevent from Labor project water from tents premises. entering Accumulatio No excavations n of water negative during impact excavations. outside project site. Short term. Operation Sewage No In an unlikely Phase sludge will be negative event of soil Sewage used as impact and ground treatment manure on water sludge ground contaminatio disposal on water n, land quality remediation envisage measures d. Not shall be significan implemente t d. 2. Groundwater Ground Construction No No - Quantity Water Phase groundwater impact Depletion Use of shall be used on treated ground wastewater water from nearby quantity STP through tankers Operation Rain Water No direct - Phase Harvesting impact DJBFresh Scheme. on

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water Supply Black /Grey ground and partly water water as from onsite treatment shown in treated and reuse. the water wastewater Awareness balance with dual Campaign study. pipeline among system. occupantsfor water conservation. 3. Surface Water Surface Construction Silt traps and No off Quality water Phase other site contaminati Surface measures impact on runoff from such as, envisage site during additional d as no construction on-site surface activity. diversion water ditches will receiving be made to body in control impact surface run- zone. off during site development . Operation STP will be No off In case of Phase installed to site any unlikely Discharge of treat the impact event of domestic wastewater envisage discharge wastewater for reuse in d from the to surface flushing, site, the water body. gardening discharge etc. quality will be maintained as per CPCB standard. 3. Air Quality Dust Construction 10 m Height Minor Provision of Emissions Phase for negative spraying Dust and air barricading impact water to emission inside reduce dust particularly project emission on due to the premises. roads. excavation No

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activities, negative Excavated movement impact topsoil to be of vehicles outside preserved resulting in project and reused air pollution. site. for Short landscaping. term. The amount of exposed ground and stockpiles will be minimized so that re- suspension due to wind and subsequent dust fall is prevented. Ensuring all vehicles, generators and compressors are well maintained and regularly serviced. Emissions of Construction Rapid on site Minor Regular PM10, PM2.5 Phase construction Negative Monitoring SO2, NOx Dust and and impact of emissions and CO other improved inside the and control exhaust maintenance premises. measures to atmospheric of equipment No check the emissions impact emission generated by outside levels. vehicle the movement, premises. Construction concrete Short workers will mixing term be provided machinery, with concrete appropriate conveyers, protective

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bucket equipments conveyers, wherever air blowers, high pneumatic particulate vibrators, emission is mechanical expected. vibrators and water It is also tankers recommend ed that the workers will not be allowed to work over a long exposure period. Operation Fuel efficient No Maintain Phase vehicles will significan record of Vehicular be used and t vehicles. movement proper negative within the record of impact. project site vehicles will be maintained. 4. Noise Noise Construction Use of well- Minor Use of Environment emissions Phase maintained negative Personal Construction equipment impact Protective noise mainly fitted with near Equipment due to silencers. noise (PPE) like ear excavation, Construction generatio muffs and plying of activity will n sources ear plug vehicles, be limited to inside during operations daytime premises. construction of cranes etc hours only. activities.

Wherever noise level cannot be achieved, the area will be earmarked as high noise

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level area requiring use of ear protection gadget and rotation of workers. Operation Green Belt Not - Phase Development significan Noise from and t as DG vehicles development sets will movement of silence be zones for acoustica traffic lly movement. enclosed

5. Land Soil Construction Construction Minor The Environment contaminati Phase debris will be negative contaminatio on Disposal of collected and impact n of soil will construction suitably used inside be avoided debris on site to the project by suitable extent premises. managemen Contaminati possible as No t of oil and on of soil per waste negative fuel. due to management impact leakage of oil plan. outside Care will be from project taken to vehicles site. compact the Short soil after term. refilling so that, soil erosion and consequent soil import is avoided. Operation Proposed Since Solid waste Phase solid waste solid generated Dumping of management waste is daily during municipal system for handled the solid waste waste on the operation on land. collection, site, phase will be segregation waste segregated and disposal. dumping into would biodegradabl

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not be e waste and allowed. recyclable Not waste. Significan Organic t wastes will be decomposed at site. Inert wastes will be disposed off through agency. 6. Ecological Displaceme Construction Trees in the The Environment nt of Flora Phase project site proposed (Flora and and Fauna Site will be site is Fauna) on site Developmen identified devoid of t during and marked. any construction. Effort shall vegetatio be made to n. minimize the Surround cutting of ing areas trees. have sparse vegetatio n. Operation A peripheral Beneficial Phase dense green impact Increase of belt of native Green Cover species will be developed as per landscaping plan, besides parks, gardens and avenue plantation. It will enhance the ecology. 7. Socio- No Construction There is no No _ Economic displacemen Phase displacement negative Environment t Construction of Impact Activities village/abadi leading to area.

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relocation. Operation Local mass Beneficial -- Phase will get direct Impact Site employment operation opportunities . 8. Traffic Pattern Increase of Construction Vehicular No Maintain Vehicular Phase movement significan record of traffic Vehicular will be t vehicles movement restricted to negative during day time only impact. construction and adequate parking facility will be provided. Operation Vehicular Moderat Restricting Phase movement e entry of Traffic due will be negative polluting to staffs/ regulated Impact vehicles. visiting the inside the proposed site with project internal roads of adequate width and sufficient parking space.

9.3 Sewage Treatment Plant Sanitation infrastructure shall comprise of following:- • Wastewater collection & conveyance system. • Wastewater treatment & disposal arrangement.

Wastewater collection and conveyance system shall be an underground drainage network that will be designed to collect wastewater from each and every household and convey it to one point for treatment.

Treated wastewater shall be used for landscaping and flushing purposes. The sludge generated would be sent for disposal along with municipal solid wastes after drying.

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STP is proposed for the project of capacity 725 KLD will cater this commercial project. Since the treated waste water will be used for flushing, entire sewage will be treated up to tertiary treatment level.

9.4 Emission From DG Sets

There will beof diesel generator sets with total capacity of 3000 KVA as back up during power failure. The stack height of the DG sets will be 6m from the highest building block as specified under CPCB guideline.

9.5 Hazardous Waste Management As per the Hazardous Waste (Management and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016, the only hazardous waste generated during the operation phase of the project is used oil from diesel generators during maintenance. The same will be collected in drums/containers, stored separately in a closed area and disposed through authorized agency.

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10.0 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION

M/s Delhi International Airport Ltd. intends for Proposed Development of Commercial Building as LP-1B-03 at Gateway District of Aerocity, IGI Airport, New Delhi.

The plot area will be 32189 sq m. The project, as planned, will have a total built up area of 327428 sq m. The REIA report has been prepared as per the proposed commercial project.

For this study, the impact zone shall confine within the radius of 10 km from the project boundary. For the purpose of certain environmental components, the radius has extended up to 10 km as well. The EIA is conducted using the baseline monitoring data collected from Dec-2018 to Feb-2019, assessing the potential impacts on different environmental components, designing the mitigation measures so as to keep impacts within acceptable limits and strengthening the positive impacts. The project will create an environment for commercial. The project would ensure sustainable development.

It can be concluded from the assessment of impacts that the proposed project would have an overall positive impact. The project will not have any significant negative environmental impacts. The associated potential adverse environmental impacts can be mitigated to an acceptable level by adequate implementation of the measures as stated in the Environmental Management Plan. After incorporation of environmental management plans, the environmental sustainability will be improved.

Hence, the proposed project is a welcome development and may be accorded environmental clearance.

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11.0 DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT

IND TECH HOUSE CONSULT

EIA consultancy organization: Ind Tech House Consult, G-8/6, Sector-11, Ground Floor, Rohini, Delhi – 110 089, has been appointed as EIA consultant to carry out environmental impact assessment study and obtaining environmental clearance Development of Commercial Building as LP-1B-03 at Gateway District of Aerocity, IGI Airport, New Delhi.

Accreditation to NABET Status: M/s Ind Tech House Consult has accredited the Consultancy organization in Ind Tech House Consult was assessed by the NABET and has accredited the Consultancy organization in 1) Building and Construction Projects 2) Common Municipal Solid Waste Management Facilities 3) Mining of minerals including Open cast/ Underground mining 4) Offshore and onshore oil and gas exploration, development & production 5) River Valley projects 6) Industrial estates/ parks/ complexes/Areas, export processing zones(EPZs),Special economic zones (SEZs),Biotech parks, Leather complexes 7) Townships and Area development projects 8) Petro- Chemical complexes (Industries based on processing of petroleum fractions & natural gas and/ or reforming to aromatics 9) Oil & gas transportation pipeline (crude and refinery/ petrochemical products), passing through national parks/ sanctuaries/ coral reefs/ ecologically sensitive areas including LNG terminal 10) Isolated storage & handling of Hazardous chemicals (As per threshold planning quantity indicated in column 3 of schedule 2 & 3 of MSIHC Rules 1989 amended 2000 11) Ports, harbours, break waters and dredging and our organization is present at Sr. No. 83 in NABET accredited consultants list.

INTELLECTUAL STRENGTH OF IND TECH HOUSE CONSULT

I Name : Mr. Arvind Narayan Devikar 1 Status in the : Vice President & EIA Coordinator Organization 2 Educational : Bachelor of Architecture (Visvesvaraya Regional Qualification College of Engineering – Nagpur (1973) 3 Work Experience : 44 Years 4 Work Experience : 12 years related to EIA More than 100 successful EIA projects in Building Construction Sector 5 Previous : Senior Architect, CPWD, Directorate General, Organizations CPWD NirmanBhawan (1976 – 2007) Served 6 Specialization : Planning and Designing, Energy Efficient Buildings, Climate Responsive Architectural

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Design, Passive Energy in Buildings, Energy Conservation, Landscape and Environmental Impact Assessment 7 Additional : Evaluator and Trainer for GRIHA - Green Rating Qualification for Integrated Habitat Assessment; Panel member for National Building Code 2005 in Landscaping, CED 46:p18; Architecture, Energy and Environment – Lund University Sweden Planning and Design of Energy Efficient Building – CPWD Ghaziabad; Post Graduate Diploma in Public Administration (IIPA)

II Name : Mr. Suman Banerjee 1 Status in the : Managing Partner & EIA Coordinator Organization 2 Educational : B.E. Environmental Engineering Qualification 3 Work Experience : 15 Years 4 Work Experience : 12 Years related to EIA More than 50 successful EIA projects 5 Previous : Common - Hazardous Waste Management Organizations Facility at Taloja, Mumbai; Served Common - Biomedical Waste Management Facility at Taloja, Mumbai; Consultant for JBIC for Environment and Social Guideline Frame Work for Steel and Thermal Power Projects in India; Consultant for JICA for Dedicated Freight Corridor for DFCCL - Ministry of Railways, projects; EIA Consultant and Environmental Trainer for JBIC funded Kerala water supply project for Thiruvananthapuram, Meenad, Cherthala, Kozhikode&Pattuvam. 6 Specialization : Air Pollution, Water Pollution, Noise and Vibration, Green Building, Municipal Solid Waste, Hazardous Waste and Biomedical Waste; Environmental Impact Assessment for Building and Construction Projects, Highway Projects, Area Development Projects, Industrial Estate/ Park/ Leather Park Projects, SEZ, Oil and Natural Gas Exploration Projects, Mineral Beneficiation

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Projects, Highway and Solid and Hazardous Waste Management Projects; Noise and Vibration assessment and analysis expert 7 Additional : GRIHA – Green Rating for Integrated Habitat Qualification Assessment ECBC – Energy Conservation Building Code EIA Trainer for CPWD Officials at CPWD Training Institute, Ghaziabad

III Name : Mr. Anand Kumar Dubey 1 Status in the : Partner Organization 2 Educational : M. Sc. Environment and Ecology Qualification 3 Work Experience : 11 years 4 Work Experience : 11 years related to EIA More than 50 successful EIA projects 5 Previous : - Organizations Served 6 Specialization : Environmental Impact Assessment for Building Construction, Industrial Estates/ Parks, Solid Waste Management, Area Development Projects, Oil and Natural Gas Exploration, Highway Projects, Air Quality, Water Quality, Solid Waste and Ecology and Biodiversity Expert

V Name : Dr. Debasish Bhattacharya 1 Status in the : Social Expert Organization 2 Educational : Ph.D. – IIT Kharagpur (Tribal Development/ Qualification Social Science) MRP Regional Planning – IIT Kharagpur 3 Work Experience : 28 years 4 Work Experience : 23 years related to EIA More than 70 successful EIA projects 5 Previous : IIT Kharagpur – Senior Project Manager; Organizations LEA Associates; Served SMEC India Pvt. Ltd.; Feedback Ventures Pvt. Ltd.; Nippon Koei; External Funding Agency Projects for World

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Bank, ADB, JICA. 6 Specialization : Tribal Development, Socio economic Development, Social Study in Forest Management, Preparation of RAP, SIA, SE Framework Development, Rehabilitation and Resettlement (R&R)

IV Name : Dr. ChandrashekharAnantraoMoghe 1 Status in the : EIA Coordinator; Organization Water Pollution, Soil Conservation Expert 2 Educational : M.Sc. Environmental Science (Nagpur Qualification University) Ph.D. 3 Work Experience : 36 years 4 Work Experience : 28 years related to EIA 5 Previous : NEERI - Nagpur Organizations Served 6 Specialization : EIA 7 Specialized Study : Senior Executive Program on Environmental Management for Selected Asian Countries by APO Japan at Singapore; Initial Environmental Legislation and Internal Audit for EMS (ISO 14001); SIDA Financed Advanced International Training Program on EIA/SEA at Stockholm and Malmo (Sweden); Training on "Certified Measurement Uncertainty Analyst" Chemical Parameters - Centre for Electronics Test Engineering, Bangalore

V Name : Dr. Srikant Mishra 1 Status in the : Soil Expert Organization 2 Educational : Bachelor's Degree in Agricultural Science; Qualification LLB; M.Sc. Agriculture; Ph.D. 3 Work Experience : 51 years 4 Work Experience : 6 Years related to EIA 5 Previous : Government Agricultural College Kanpur /

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Organizations Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture Served and Technology, Kanpur 6 Specialization : Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry

VI Name : Mr. B. KulaalaAnandan 1 Status in the : General Manager - Corporate Relations Organization 2 Educational : Bachelor of Engineering - Mechanical Qualification Engineering 3 Work Experience : 15 Years 4 Work Experience : - - related to EIA 5 Previous : RamkyEnviro Engineers Ltd. Organizations Garware Wall Ropes Ltd. Served 6 Specialization : Customer Relations 7 Specialized : NEBOSH - International General Certification in Courses Occupational Health & Safety; IOSH - Institution of Occupational Safety & Health

VII Name : Mr. Sameer VilasraoDeshpande 1 Status in the : Ecology and Biodiversity Expert Organization 2 Educational : M.Sc. Botany Qualification 3 Work Experience : 11 years 4 Work Experience : 11 years related to EIA 5 Previous : National Environmental Engineering Research Organizations Institute - NEERI Nagpur Served 6 Specialization : Biological Monitoring, preparation of Biodiversity report, conservation plan for scheduled plant and animals, green belt development plan

VIII Name : Mr. UmeshPratap Singh Chauhan 1 Status in the : General Manager -Projects Organization 2 Educational : M.Sc. Geology Qualification 3 Work Experience : 32 years

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4 Work Experience : 10 years related to EIA 5 Previous : Uttar Pradesh State Mineral Development Organizations Corporation Ltd.; Served Directorate of Geology and Mining 6 Specialization : Senior Geologist; Mining Plan; R&D project for Mining and Quality Control; Exploration, Surveying and Mapping.

IX Name : Dr. Manoj Kumar Mishra 1 Status in the : Air Pollution, Meterology, Modeling and Noise Organization and Vibration Expert 2 Educational : M.Tech. Atmospheric Sciences – University of Qualification Pune Ph.D. Atmospheric Sciences (Air Quality Modelling and Micrometeorology – IIT Delhi) 3 Work Experience : 19 years 4 Work Experience : 19 years related to EIA 5 Previous : IIT Delhi – Research Associate Organizations SENES Consultants India Pvt. Ltd. Served 6 Specialization : Air and Noise Impact Assessment Studies; Air Quality and Noise Modeling by ISCST3, AERMOD, CALPUFF, OCD, CALINE, INM, DHAWANI, TNM, etc.; Air and Noise Modeling for Coal and Gas fired industries, landfill, helipads, airports, wind farms, highways & SEZ Projects; 7. Specialized Study : Coastal Atmospheric Boundary Layer (CABL) field experiment at Kalpakkam in collaboration with Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research (IGCAR) Kalpakkam, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC) Mumbai and Institute of Meteorology and Physics, University of Agriculture, Forestry and Renewable Resources – Vienna, Austria

X Name : Dr. BidehShukla 1 Status in the : Project Incharge Organization 2 Educational : Ph.D. Botany

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Qualification 3 Work Experience : 15 years 4 Work Experience : 5 years related to EIA 5 Previous : B.H.U., I-Service India (Pvt. Ltd.), Dimension Organizations India Network (Pvt.) Ltd. Served 6 Specialization : GIS, Water Pollution, Ecology

XI Name : Mr. SatishVerma 1 Status in the : Project Coordinator Organization 2 Educational : M.Tech. – Energy & Environment Management Qualification 3 Work Experience : 04 Years 4 Work Experience : 03 Years related to EIA 5 Previous : United Spirits Limited, Shahjahanpur Organizations Served 6 Specialization : EIA

XII Name : Mr. SoumyaDwivedi 1 Status in the : Risk and Hazard Expert Organization 2 Educational : B.E. Chemical Qualification 3 Work Experience : 07 years 4 Work Experience : 07 years related to EIA 5 Previous : Mantec Consultants Pvt. Ltd. Organizations Served 6 Specialization : Risk and Hazard Study for Oil & Gas Pipeline and Depots, Ports, Harbors& Jetties and Thermal Power Plant

XII Name : Mr. Manish Kumar Shukla 1 Status in the : FAE (Geology, Hydro-Geology, Landuse) Organization 2 Educational : M.Sc (Applied Geology), Diploma( GIS & Remote Qualification Sensing), Geological Survey of India 3 Work Experience : 05 Years

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4 Work Experience : 03 Years related to EIA 5 Previous : None Organizations Served 6 Specialization : EIA

XIII Name : Indra Kumar 1 Status in the : Project Executive Organization 2 Educational : B.Tech. – Electronics and Commutations Qualification 3 Work Experience : 02 year 4 Work Experience : 02 Year related to EIA 5 Previous : None Organizations Served 6 Specialization : Mapping

XIV Name : Saurabh Bhardwaj 1 Status in the : Project Executive Organization 2 Educational : Bachelor in Computer Application Qualification 3 Work Experience : 2 Years 4 Work Experience : 2 Year related to EIA 5 Previous : Haryana State Pollution Control Board Organizations Served 6 Specialization : Consent Management

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