The Role of Mating Systems in Sexual Selection in Parasitoid Wasps
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Classical Biological Control of Arthropods in Australia
Classical Biological Contents Control of Arthropods Arthropod index in Australia General index List of targets D.F. Waterhouse D.P.A. Sands CSIRo Entomology Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research Canberra 2001 Back Forward Contents Arthropod index General index List of targets The Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) was established in June 1982 by an Act of the Australian Parliament. Its primary mandate is to help identify agricultural problems in developing countries and to commission collaborative research between Australian and developing country researchers in fields where Australia has special competence. Where trade names are used this constitutes neither endorsement of nor discrimination against any product by the Centre. ACIAR MONOGRAPH SERIES This peer-reviewed series contains the results of original research supported by ACIAR, or material deemed relevant to ACIAR’s research objectives. The series is distributed internationally, with an emphasis on the Third World. © Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research, GPO Box 1571, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia Waterhouse, D.F. and Sands, D.P.A. 2001. Classical biological control of arthropods in Australia. ACIAR Monograph No. 77, 560 pages. ISBN 0 642 45709 3 (print) ISBN 0 642 45710 7 (electronic) Published in association with CSIRO Entomology (Canberra) and CSIRO Publishing (Melbourne) Scientific editing by Dr Mary Webb, Arawang Editorial, Canberra Design and typesetting by ClarusDesign, Canberra Printed by Brown Prior Anderson, Melbourne Cover: An ichneumonid parasitoid Megarhyssa nortoni ovipositing on a larva of sirex wood wasp, Sirex noctilio. Back Forward Contents Arthropod index General index Foreword List of targets WHEN THE CSIR Division of Economic Entomology, now Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Entomology, was established in 1928, classical biological control was given as one of its core activities. -
Insecticides - Development of Safer and More Effective Technologies
INSECTICIDES - DEVELOPMENT OF SAFER AND MORE EFFECTIVE TECHNOLOGIES Edited by Stanislav Trdan Insecticides - Development of Safer and More Effective Technologies http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/3356 Edited by Stanislav Trdan Contributors Mahdi Banaee, Philip Koehler, Alexa Alexander, Francisco Sánchez-Bayo, Juliana Cristina Dos Santos, Ronald Zanetti Bonetti Filho, Denilson Ferrreira De Oliveira, Giovanna Gajo, Dejane Santos Alves, Stuart Reitz, Yulin Gao, Zhongren Lei, Christopher Fettig, Donald Grosman, A. Steven Munson, Nabil El-Wakeil, Nawal Gaafar, Ahmed Ahmed Sallam, Christa Volkmar, Elias Papadopoulos, Mauro Prato, Giuliana Giribaldi, Manuela Polimeni, Žiga Laznik, Stanislav Trdan, Shehata E. M. Shalaby, Gehan Abdou, Andreia Almeida, Francisco Amaral Villela, João Carlos Nunes, Geri Eduardo Meneghello, Adilson Jauer, Moacir Rossi Forim, Bruno Perlatti, Patrícia Luísa Bergo, Maria Fátima Da Silva, João Fernandes, Christian Nansen, Solange Maria De França, Mariana Breda, César Badji, José Vargas Oliveira, Gleberson Guillen Piccinin, Alan Augusto Donel, Alessandro Braccini, Gabriel Loli Bazo, Keila Regina Hossa Regina Hossa, Fernanda Brunetta Godinho Brunetta Godinho, Lilian Gomes De Moraes Dan, Maria Lourdes Aldana Madrid, Maria Isabel Silveira, Fabiola-Gabriela Zuno-Floriano, Guillermo Rodríguez-Olibarría, Patrick Kareru, Zachaeus Kipkorir Rotich, Esther Wamaitha Maina, Taema Imo Published by InTech Janeza Trdine 9, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia Copyright © 2013 InTech All chapters are Open Access distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license, which allows users to download, copy and build upon published articles even for commercial purposes, as long as the author and publisher are properly credited, which ensures maximum dissemination and a wider impact of our publications. After this work has been published by InTech, authors have the right to republish it, in whole or part, in any publication of which they are the author, and to make other personal use of the work. -
Present Or Past Herbivory: a Screening of Volatiles Released from Brassica Rapa Under Caterpillar Attacks As Attractants for the Solitary Parasitoid, Cotesia Vestalis
J Chem Ecol (2010) 36:620–628 DOI 10.1007/s10886-010-9802-6 Present or Past Herbivory: A Screening of Volatiles Released from Brassica rapa Under Caterpillar Attacks as Attractants for the Solitary Parasitoid, Cotesia vestalis Soichi Kugimiya & Takeshi Shimoda & Jun Tabata & Junji Takabayashi Received: 20 February 2010 /Revised: 7 April 2010 /Accepted: 11 May 2010 /Published online: 20 May 2010 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2010 Abstract Females of the solitary endoparasitoid Cotesia decreased after removal of the host larvae, whereas vestalis respond to a blend of volatile organic compounds terpenoids and their related compounds continued to be (VOCs) released from plants infested with larvae of their released at high levels. Benzyl cyanide and dimethyl host, the diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella), which is trisulfide attracted parasitoids in a dose-dependent manner, an important pest insect of cruciferous plants. We investi- whereas the other compounds were not attractive. These gated the flight response of female parasitoids to the results suggest that nitrile and sulfide compounds tempo- cruciferous plant Brassica rapa, using two-choice tests rarily released from plants under attack by host larvae are under laboratory conditions. The parasitoids were more potentially more effective attractants for this parasitoid than attracted to plants that had been infested for at least 6 hr by other VOCs that are continuously released by host- the host larvae compared to intact plants, but they did not damaged plants. distinguish between plants infested for only 3 hr and intact plants. Although parasitoids preferred plants 1 and 2 days Key Words Herbivore-induced plant volatiles . after herbivory (formerly infested plants) over intact plants Indirect defense . -
Genetically Modified Baculoviruses for Pest
INSECT CONTROL BIOLOGICAL AND SYNTHETIC AGENTS This page intentionally left blank INSECT CONTROL BIOLOGICAL AND SYNTHETIC AGENTS EDITED BY LAWRENCE I. GILBERT SARJEET S. GILL Amsterdam • Boston • Heidelberg • London • New York • Oxford Paris • San Diego • San Francisco • Singapore • Sydney • Tokyo Academic Press is an imprint of Elsevier Academic Press, 32 Jamestown Road, London, NW1 7BU, UK 30 Corporate Drive, Suite 400, Burlington, MA 01803, USA 525 B Street, Suite 1800, San Diego, CA 92101-4495, USA ª 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved The chapters first appeared in Comprehensive Molecular Insect Science, edited by Lawrence I. Gilbert, Kostas Iatrou, and Sarjeet S. Gill (Elsevier, B.V. 2005). All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. Permissions may be sought directly from Elsevier’s Rights Department in Oxford, UK: phone (þ44) 1865 843830, fax (þ44) 1865 853333, e-mail [email protected]. Requests may also be completed on-line via the homepage (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/permissions). Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Insect control : biological and synthetic agents / editors-in-chief: Lawrence I. Gilbert, Sarjeet S. Gill. – 1st ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-12-381449-4 (alk. paper) 1. Insect pests–Control. 2. Insecticides. I. Gilbert, Lawrence I. (Lawrence Irwin), 1929- II. Gill, Sarjeet S. SB931.I42 2010 632’.7–dc22 2010010547 A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 978-0-12-381449-4 Cover Images: (Top Left) Important pest insect targeted by neonicotinoid insecticides: Sweet-potato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci; (Top Right) Control (bottom) and tebufenozide intoxicated by ingestion (top) larvae of the white tussock moth, from Chapter 4; (Bottom) Mode of action of Cry1A toxins, from Addendum A7. -
Occurrence of Diamondback Moths Plutella Xylostella and Their Parasitoid Wasps
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/357814; this version posted June 28, 2018. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. 1 Occurrence of diamondback moths Plutella xylostella and their parasitoid wasps 2 Cotesia vestalis in mizuna greenhouses and their surrounding areas 3 4 Junichiro Abe1†, Masayoshi Uefune2†, Kinuyo Yoneya3, Kaori Shiojiri4 and Junji 5 Takabayashi5 6 7 1 National Agricultural Research Center for Western Region, Ayabe, Kyoto, 623-0035, 8 Japan 9 2 Department Agrobiological Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, Meijo University, 10 Nagoya, Aichi 468-8502, Japan 11 3 Entomological Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, 3327-204, 12 Nakamachi, Nara 631-8505, Japan 13 4 Department of Agriculture, Ryukoku University, 1-5 Ooe, Otsu, Shiga 520-2194, 14 Japan 15 5 Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2113, Japan 16 17 † Both are equally contributed to this paper 18 19 Correspondence: Junichiro Abe, National Agricultural Research Center for Western 20 Region, Ayabe, Kyoto, 623-0035, Japan; Tel: +81-84-923-4100 Fax: +81-84-924-7893 21 E-mail: [email protected] 22 23 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/357814; this version posted June 28, 2018. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. 24 Author Contribution 25 JA, MU and JT conceived research. A, MU, YK and KS conducted 26 experiments. JA and MU analysed field data and conducted statistical analyses. -
International Symposium on Biological Control of Arthropods 424 Poster Presentations ______
POSTER PRESENTATIONS ______________________________________________________________ Poster Presentations 423 IMPROVEMENT OF RELEASE METHOD FOR APHIDOLETES APHIDIMYZA (DIPTERA: CECIDOMYIIDAE) BASED ON ECOLOGICAL AND BEHAVIORAL STUDIES Junichiro Abe and Junichi Yukawa Entomological Laboratory, Kyushu University, Japan ABSTRACT. In many countries, Aphidoletes aphidimyza (Rondani) has been used effectively as a biological control agent against aphids, particularly in greenhouses. In Japan, A. aphidimyza was reg- istered as a biological control agent in April 1999, and mass-produced cocoons have been imported from The Netherlands and United Kingdom since mass-rearing methods have not yet been estab- lished. In recent years, the effect of imported A. aphidimyza on aphid populations was evaluated in greenhouses at some Agricultural Experiment Stations in Japan. However, no striking effect has been reported yet from Japan. The failure of its use in Japan seems to be caused chiefly by the lack of detailed ecological or behavioral information of A. aphidimyza. Therefore, we investigated its ecological and behavioral attributes as follows: (1) the survival of pupae in relation to the depth of pupation sites; (2) the time of adult emergence in response to photoperiod during the pupal stage; (3) the importance of a hanging substrate for successful mating; and (4) the influence of adult size and nutrient status on adult longev- ity and fecundity. (1) A commercial natural enemy importer in Japan suggests that users divide cocoons into groups and put each group into a plastic container filled with vermiculite to a depth of 100 mm. However, we believe this is too deep for A. aphidimyza pupae, since under natural conditions mature larvae spin their cocoons in the top few millimeters to a maxmum depth of 30 mm. -
Heteroptera: Gerromorpha) in Central Europe
Shortened web version University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice Faculty of Science Ecology of Veliidae and Mesoveliidae (Heteroptera: Gerromorpha) in Central Europe RNDr. Tomáš Ditrich Ph.D. Thesis Supervisor: Prof. RNDr. Miroslav Papáček, CSc. University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Education České Budějovice 2010 Shortened web version Ditrich, T., 2010: Ecology of Veliidae and Mesoveliidae (Heteroptera: Gerromorpha) in Central Europe. Ph.D. Thesis, in English. – 85 p., Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic. Annotation Ecology of Veliidae and Mesoveliidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Gerromorpha) was studied in selected European species. The research of these non-gerrid semiaquatic bugs was especially focused on voltinism, overwintering with physiological consequences and wing polymorphism with dispersal pattern. Hypotheses based on data from field surveys were tested by laboratory, mesocosm and field experiments. New data on life history traits and their ecophysiological consequences are discussed in seven original research papers (four papers published in peer-reviewed journals, one paper accepted to publication, one submitted paper and one communication in a conference proceedings), creating core of this thesis. Keywords Insects, semiaquatic bugs, life history, overwintering, voltinism, dispersion, wing polymorphism. Financial support This thesis was mainly supported by grant of The Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic No. MSM 6007665801, partially by grant of the Grant Agency of the University of South Bohemia No. GAJU 6/2007/P-PřF, by The Research Council of Norway: The YGGDRASIL mobility program No. 195759/V11 and by Czech Science Foundation grant No. 206/07/0269. Shortened web version Declaration I hereby declare that I worked out this Ph.D. -
Experimental Evolutionary Biology of Learning in Drosophila Melanogaster
CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by RERO DOC Digital Library Département de Biologie, Unité d’Ecologie et d’Evolution Université de Fribourg (Suisse) EXPERIMENTAL EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY OF LEARNING IN DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER THESE Présentée à la Faculté des Sciences de l’Université de Fribourg (Suisse) Pour l’obtention du grade de Doctor rerum naturalium Frederic MERY de Montpellier (France) These N° 1403 Imprimerie Copyphot SA (Fribourg) Acceptée par la Faculté des Sciences de l’Université de Fribourg (Suisse) sur la proposition de Tadeusz Kawecki, Victoria Braithwaite, Dieter Ebert et Dietrich Meyer (President du jury) Fribourg le 19 Fevrier 2003 Le Directeur de thèse le Doyen Tadeusz J. Kawecki Dionys Baeriswyl Table of contents Abstract ..............................................................................................................................................................3 Résumé ..............................................................................................................................................................4 Introduction.........................................................................................................................................................5 CHAPTER 1: Experimental Evolution of Learning Ability in Fruit Flies............................................................15 CHAPTER 2: A fitness cost of learning ability in Drosophila melanogaster ....................................................27 CHAPTER 3: An induced fitness -
Megarhyssa Spp., the Giant Ichneumons (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) Ilgoo Kang, Forest Huval, Chris Carlton and Gene Reagan
Megarhyssa spp., The Giant Ichneumons (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) Ilgoo Kang, Forest Huval, Chris Carlton and Gene Reagan Description Megarhyssa adults comprises combinations of bluish black, Giant ichneumons are members of the most diverse dark brown, reddish brown and/or bright yellow. Female family of wasps in the world (Ichneumonidae), and are members of the species M. atrata, possess distinct bright the largest ichneumonids in Louisiana. Female adults are yellow heads with nearly black bodies and black wings, 1.5 to 3 inches (35 to 75 mm), and male adults are 0.9 to easily distinguishing them from the other three species. In 1.6 inches (23 to 38 mm) in body length. Females can be the U.S. and Canada, four species of giant ichneumons can easily distinguished from males as they possess extremely be found, three of which are known from Louisiana, M. long, slender egg-laying organs called ovipositors that are atrata, M. macrurus and M. greenei. Species other than M. much longer than their bodies. When the ovipositors are atrata require identification by specialists because of their included in body length measurements, the total length similar yellow- and brown-striped color patterns. ranges from 2 to 4 inches (50 to 100 mm). The color of Male Megarhyssa macrurus. Louisiana State Arthropod Museum specimen. Female Megarhyssa atrata. Louisiana State Arthropod Museum specimen. Visit our website: www.lsuagcenter.com Life Cycle References During spring, starting around April in Louisiana, male Carlson, Robert W. Family Ichneumonidae. giant ichneumons emerge from tree holes and aggregate Stephanidae. 1979. In: Krombein K. V., P. -
Biology of the Bruchidae +6178
Ann. Rev. Entomol 1979. 24:449-73 Copyright @ 1979 by Annual Reviews Inc. All rights reserved BIOLOGY OF THE BRUCHIDAE +6178 B. J. Southgate Biology Department, Pest Infestation Control Laboratory, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries, and Food, Slough SL3 7HJ, Berks, England INTRODUCTION Species of Bruchidae breed in every continent except Antarctica. The larg est number of species live in the tropical regions of Asia, Africa, and Central and South America. Many species have obvious economic importance because they breed on grain legumes and consume valuable proteins that would otherwise be eaten by man. Other species, however, destroy seeds of an immense number of leguminous trees and shrubs, which, though they have no obvious economic value, stem the advance of the deserts into the marginal cultivated areas of the world. When this ecosystem is mismanaged by practices such as over grazing, then any organism that restricts the normal regeneration of seed lings will, in the long run, affect agriculture adversely. This has been demonstrated recently in some African and Middle Eastern semiarid zones (65). The present interest in the management of arid areas and in the introduc Annu. Rev. Entomol. 1979.24:449-473. Downloaded from www.annualreviews.org Access provided by Copyright Clearance Center on 11/01/20. For personal use only. tion of alternative tree species to provide timber, fodder, or shade has stimulated a detailed study of the ecology of some leguminous trees and shrubs that has revealed some deleterious effects of bruchid beetles on the seeds of these plants (42, 43, 59). It has also emphasized the inadequacy of our knowledge of the taxonomy and biology of these beetles. -
And Cephalonomia Tarsalis (Ashmead) (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) in Biological Control of Stored Grain Pests
Plant Protect. Sci. Vol. 39, No. 1: 29–34 Compatibility of Cheyletus eruditus (Schrank) (Acari: Cheyletidae) and Cephalonomia tarsalis (Ashmead) (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) in Biological Control of Stored Grain Pests E�� ŽĎÁRKOVÁ, J�� LUKÁŠ and P���� HORÁK Department of Stored-Product Pest Control, Research Institute of Crop Production, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Abstract Ž������� E., L���� J., H���� P. (2003): Compatibility of Cheyletus eruditus (Schrank) (Acari: Cheyletidae) and Ce- phalonomia tarsalis (Ashmead) (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) in biological control of stored grain pests. Plant Protect. Sci., 38: 29–34. A laboratory experiment was carried out on stored wheat infested by the stored product mite Acarus siro and beetle Oryzaephilus surinamensis. The initial infestation was 150 mites of A. siro and 15 beetles of O. surinamensis per 1 kg of wheat. The predatory mite Cheyletus eruditus and parasitoid Cephalonomia tarsalis were added in the ratio 1:20 and 1:12, repectively. Three combinations were tested: (1) mites and (2) beetles separately, and (3) mites and beetles together. The experiment ran for three months at 22°C and 75% RH. The pests were suppressed by their antagonists in all combinations. Synchronous application of both natural enemies resulted in better control of O. surinamensis through an enhanced effect of both antagonists. Keywords: Acarus siro; Oryzaephilus surinamensis; Cheyletus eruditus; Cephalonomia tarsalis; stored wheat; biological control Increasing demand by consumers on food quality The biological control of stored product mites and safety is reflected in changes of the protection by the predatory mite Cheyletus eruditus Schrank measures used on stored products. The use of pes- is well known and it is used in practice preven- ticides is minimised to an essential level, while that tively and repressively (Ž������� 1998; Ž������� of alternative protective methods is maximised. -
Diptera): a Life History, Molecular, Morphological
The evolutionary biotogy of Conopidae (Diptera): A life history, molecular, morphological, systematic, and taxonomic approach Joel Francis Gibson B.ScHon., University of Guelph, 1999 M.Sc, Iowa State University, 2002 B.Ed., Ontario Institute for Studies in Education/University of Toronto, 2003 A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate and Postdoctoral Affairs in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Biology Carleton University Ottawa, Ontario © 2011 Joel Francis Gibson Library and Archives Bibliotheque et 1*1 Canada Archives Canada Published Heritage Direction du Branch Patrimoine de Pedition 395 Wellington Street 395, rue Wellington Ottawa ON K1A 0N4 Ottawa ON K1A 0N4 Canada Canada Your Tile Votre r&ference ISBN: 978-0-494-83217-2 Our file Notre reference ISBN: 978-0-494-83217-2 NOTICE: AVIS: The author has granted a non L'auteur a accorde une licence non exclusive exclusive license allowing Library and permettant a la Bibliotheque et Archives Archives Canada to reproduce, Canada de reproduire, publier, archiver, publish, archive, preserve, conserve, sauvegarder, conserver, transmettre au public communicate to the public by par telecommunication ou par I'lnternet, preter, telecommunication or on the Internet, distribuer et vendre des theses partout dans le loan, distribute and sell theses monde, a des fins commerciales ou autres, sur worldwide, for commercial or non support microforme, papier, electronique et/ou commercial purposes, in microform, autres formats. paper, electronic and/or any other formats. The author retains copyright L'auteur conserve la propriete du droit d'auteur ownership and moral rights in this et des droits moraux qui protege cette these.