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The American University in Cairo Government and Politics in Egypt

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The American University in Cairo Government and Politics in Egypt The American University in Cairo Government and Politics in Egypt Fall-2016 Instructor: Ashraf El Sherif Monday-Thursday 3:35-4:55 pm WALEED C148 Office hours: Monday-Thursday 12:30-2:00 pm Office: HUSS 2027 Email: [email protected] Course Objective This course offers a historical and thematic analysis of the nature and dynamics of modern Egyptian politics including the state institutions, civil-military relations, parliaments and political parties, ideology and political economy. The objective of this course is to study the evolution of Egypt's political institutions, processes and dynamics highlighting its elements of continuity and change. The first part of the course will be chronological, intended to give students a basic knowledge of the history and evolution of Egyptian political institutions. The course will start by searching state origins in Mohammed Ali's time and the regime's origins in Nasser's time. We will then proceed to Sadat's period that constituted the backdrop of the Mubarak's periods that will form the second part of the course.. The second part will be thematic, in which we will deepen our knowledge of some key political issues facing Egypt today that have led Egypt to the 2011 revolution and shape its post 2011 political arena till the reconsolidation of authoritarianism in the post- 2013 era. Such themes will include but are not limited to the following:, the rise of the second republic, civil participation, social movements, civil society, ideological actors, the role of the military, parliamentary elections, presidential elections and the evolving legal structure. The last part of the course will highlight the 2011 revolution and its political impacts including the counter-revolution and re- consolidation of state authoritarianism under General Abdel-Fattah al-Sisi and the military rule.. Course Requirement In view of the fact that lectures and presentations will complement rather than reiterate the assigned readings, it is expected that you attend all class meetings. You will be held responsible for all the material we cover in readings, lectures and films. Attendance is also mandatory for all exams, and make-ups will be given only for bona fide emergencies (i.e., severe illness documented by a physician). Participation: In addition to being physically present, I expect you to be mentally present as well! As such, you should complete all assigned readings before each class meeting, so that you are familiar with the concepts, facts, theories, and controversies with which we are dealing. A midterm exam will be held in class and students will be expected to answer short answer questions, identification terms and a long essay question. The same applies to the final exam which will be held according to the university final exam schedule. A research paper of between 2500 to 3000 words is to be submitted on the last day of class, the topic of the paper must be relevant to the course subject matter Grade Distribution Class Attendance and Participation: 20% Research paper 25 % Midterm exam: 30 % Final exam: 35% Course Grading: Please note that the course is based on the following grading system: A Category (A, A-) 100-90% B Category (B+, B, B-) 89-80% C Category (C+, C, C-) 79-70% D Category 69-60% F Category 59 and Below Course Outline September 1st Introduction: Part I- Rise of the modern Egyptian state authoritarianism September 5th Out of the Ottoman Order: the 19th Century • A Marsot. A short history of modern Egypt. Chap. 4: the beginning of the state system. • Vatikiotis: A history of modern Egypt. Chap. 4. Recommended: • Robert Tignor, Egypt: A Short History, Chapter 9, 10. • Khaled Fahmi, “The Era of Muhammad Ali Pasha, 1805-1848,” Cambridge History of Egypt Vol. II, pp. 139-180. September 8th Nationalism and the Spirit of 1919 • M. W, Daly, “The British Occupation, 1882-1922,” Cambridge History of Egypt Vol. II, pp. 239-251. • James Jankowski, Israel Gershoni, Egypt, Islam and the Arabs: The Search for Egyptian Nationhood, 1900-1930 (Oxford, 1986), pp. 40-55, 77-104. • Novels: Naguib Mahfouz, Bayn al-Qasrein (Cairo Trilogy Part :I) and Tawfiq al-Hakim, ‘Awdet al-Roh (Return of the Soul) September 15th-19th Questioning the myth: Liberalism without Democracy and story of rise and fall • Selma Botman, “The Liberal Age, 1923-1952,” Cambridge History of Egypt, Vol. II, pp. 285-308. • Robert Tignor, Egypt: A Short History, Chapter 10. • Afaf Marsot, A short history of modern Egypt, chap. 5. • Joel Gordon, Nasser's blessed movement, chap 1, A country of failure. • Joel Beinin, “Egypt: Society and Economy, 1923-1952,” Cambridge History of Egypt, Vol. II, pp. 309-333. • James Jankowski and Israel Gershoni, Redefining the Egyptian Nation, 1930- 1945 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995), pp. 1-31. • Hamied Ansari, Egypt: The Stalled Society (New York: SUNY, 1986), pp. 57- 78. • Films: The man who lost his shadow (al-Ragol allazi faqad Zhelo), Cairo 1930 (al- Qahera 30), Al-Ard (The Land) and Ghoroub wa Shorouk (Sunset and Sunrise) • Novels: Naguib Mahfouz : Qasr al-Shoq and al-Sukariiya (Cairo Trilogy: Parts II and III) Fathy Ghanem : Those days(Telq al-Ayam), Ibrahim Abdel-Meguid : No one sleeps in Alexandria and Louis Awad: History of Hassan Moftah(Tareekh Hassan Moftah) • Recommended: • Robert Tignor, “Bank Misr and Foreign Capitalism,” International Journal of Middle East Studies Vol. 8, No. 2 (Apr. 1977), pp. 161-181. • Eric Davis, Challenging Colonialism: Bank Misr and Egyptian Industrialization, 1920-1941 (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1983), pp. 108- 133. • Robert Vitalis, “On the Theory and Practice of Compradors: The Role of Abbud Pasha in the Egyptian Political Economy” International Journal of Middle East Studies, Vol. 22, No. 3 (Aug., 1990), pp. 291-315. • Lia Brynjar, The Society of The Muslim Brothers in Egypt: The Rise of An Islamic Mass Movement, 1928-1942 (Reading, England: Ithaca, 1998), pp. 1- 49. September 22nd- 26th The foundation of the July authoritarian regime and its dilemmas . • R. Baker. Egypt's uncertain revolution. Chaps 2,3 and 4 Building a political-economic order • Joel Gordon, Nasser’s Blessed Movement: Egypt’s Free Officers and the July Revolution (New York: Columbia University Press) 1997. (SELECTIONS) • Kirk J. Beattie, Egypt During the Nasser Years: Ideology, Politics and Civil Society (Boulder: Westview) 1994, Ch. 5 – “Nasser’s Pursuit of National and Social Revolutions: 1954-1960” (pp. 111-153) • Anour Abdel-Malek, Egypt Military Society: the Army Regime, the Left, and Social Change under Nasser (New York: Vintage) 1968. SELECTIONS • Ashraf El-Sherif, Kamal al-Din Hussein and the Conservative faces of July state. Mada Masr, January 1st, 2015. http://www.madamasr.com/ar/opinion/politics/%D9%83%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%8 4-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86- %D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86- %D9%88%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%87- %D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A9- %D9%8A%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%88- %D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B8%D8%A9 • Novels: Naguib Mahfouz, Thief and the dogs, al-Siman wa al-Khareef and Miramar, Latifa Al Zayat, The Open Door, Sonallah Ibrahim, The Smell of It (Telk al-Ra’eha), Fathy Ghanem: Zainab and the throne (Zeinab wa al-‘Rsh) and The story of To ( Hekayet To), Gamal al-Gheitani: Stories of the institution (Hekayat al-Mo’sasa) • Films: The Open Door (al-Bab al-Maftouh), al-Haram (The Sin), al-Karnak, Case 1968 (al- Qadeya 68) and Some Fear (Shei’ men al-Khof) Recommended: • Gamal Abdul Nasser, Egypt’s Liberation: The Philosophy of the Revolution, (Washington DC: Public Affairs Press) 1955. • Egypt Under Nasser by Johnson, Peter Middle East Research and Information Project 10 (1972) • http://nasser.bibalex.org/main.aspx (Highly Recommended) Project of the Bibliotheca Alexandrina in cooperation with the Nasser Foundation (in Arabic). This site includes hundreds of speeches, photographs, and historical documents related to Gamal Abdel Nasser and is, in my opinion, the best internet sources on this topic. • Malcolm Kerr, “The Emergence of a Socialist Ideology in Egypt,” Middle East Journal, Vol. 16, No. 2 (November 1962). • Malcolm Kerr, The Arab Cold War: Gamal Abdel Nasser and His Rivals 1958-1970 (Oxford University Press, 3rd edition) 1971. • Anouar Abdel-Malek, “Nasserism and Socialism” (from the Socialist Register) http://socialistregister.com/socialistregister.com/files/SR_1964_Abdel-Malek.pdf • Kirk J. Beattie, Egypt During the Nasser Years: Ideology, Politics and Civil Society (Boulder: Westview) 1994. –ch. 2 ‘The Major Competitors for Hegemony’ (about politics and cleavages in the immediate pre-revolutionary period) (pp. 17-35); ch. 5 – ‘Nasser’s Pursuit of National and Social Revolutions: 1954-1960’ (pp. 111-153). • M. Abdel-Fadil, The Political Economy of Nasserism (Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press) 1980. September 29th Sadat and the restoration of the July regime • Baker, Egypt's uncertain revolution… Chap. 6, • Raymond A. Hinnebusch Jr., Egyptian Politics under Sadat: The post-populist development of an authoritarian-modernizing state (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press) 1985, chapters 3, 8 and 9 • R. Hinnebusch. Egypt under Sadat: Social Problems, Vol. 28, No. 4, Apr., 1981), pp. 442- 464. • Sonallah Ibrahim, Zaat (Cairo: AUC press), 344 pages, translated by Anthony Calderbank. And Naguib Mahfouz , Yawm Qotal al-Za’eem (The day the Boss was killed) • Films: Al-Mowaten Masry (Citizen Masry), The return of the prodigal Son (‘Awdet al-Ibn al- Dal), the Bus Driver (Sawa’ al-Autobees), People on Top (Ahl al-Qemma), ‘la man Notleq al-Rosas(On whom we should shoot?), al-‘wama 70, The guilty people (al-Mozneboun) and the Trumps (al-Sa’leek) Recommended: • John Waterbury, The Egypt of Nasser and Sadat: the political economy of two regimes (Princeton: PUP), 1983 chapter 7 • Kirk Beattie, Egypt During the Sadat Years (Palgrave), paperback July 2001.
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