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Jüdisches Leben in Bayern JÜDISCHES LEBEN IN BAYERN MITTEILUNGSBLATT DES LANDESVERBANDES DER ISRAELITISCHEN KULTUSGEMEINDEN IN BAYERN 33. JAHRGANG / NR. 136 è“òùú äðùä ùàø 5. SEPTEMBER 2018 åáúëú äáåè äðùì Jüdisches Leben in Bayern · Nr. 136/2018 1 Der Landesverband der Israelitischen Kultusgemeinden in Bayern wünscht zum Neujahrsfest 5779 dem Staat Israel, seiner diplomatischen Vertretung in der Bundesrepublik, der jüdischen Gemeinschaft in Deutschland, den Rabbinern und allen Mitgliedern der Gemeinden ein gesundes Jahr voll Frieden und Segen! Dr. Josef Schuster Präsident Ilse Danzinger Anna Zisler Vizepräsidentin Vizepräsidentin Karin Offman Geschäftsführerin STOLPERSTEINE HEPPENHEIM, LEHRSTRASSE Aus: www.stolpersteine-heppenheim.de HIER WOHNTE LUDWIG SUNDHEIMER HIER WOHNTE HIER WOHNTE JG 1919 EVA SUNDHEIMER MAIER SUNDHEIMER SCHUTZHAFT 1938 JG 1923 JG 1881 DACHAU DEPORTIERT 1942 DEPORTIERT 1942 DEPORTIERT 1942 PIASKI PIASKI PIASKI ERMORDET ERMORDET 1942 MAJDANEK IN AUSCHWITZ ERMORDET Unser Titelbild: Die Klagemauer in Jerusalem. Foto: Renatus Schenkel. Bilder Rückseite: Nr. 1: Das Grab von David ben Gurion (Seite 13), Foto: Renatus Schenkel. Nr. 2: Der neue Museumsbau (Seite 9), Foto: Jüdisches Museum Franken/Annette Kradisch. Nr. 3: In der Negev-Wüste (Seite 13), Foto: Renatus Schenkel. Nr. 4: ZWST Israel-Reise (Seite 18), Foto: Robert Poticha. Nr. 5: Museum Franken (Seite 9), Foto: Jüdisches Museum Franken/Annette Kradisch. Nr. 6 und 7: Heppenheim (Seite 23), Foto: Höhn. 2 Jüdisches Leben in Bayern · Nr. 136/2018 EDITORIAL Liebe Leserinnen, liebe Leser, worden ist, weil die Zahl antijüdischer Vorfälle auch in Bayern gestiegen ist. in den nächsten vier Wochen werden unsere Synagogen wieder die höchsten Herr Spaenle wird jetzt ein niedrigschwel- Besucherzahlen des Jahres aufweisen. An liges Meldesystem für antisemitische Vor- manchen Gottesdiensten zu Rosch Ha- fälle im Freistaat entwickeln. Im Moment schana und Jom Kippur wird es in eini- ist es leider eher so, dass Juden entweder gen Städten auch überfüllte Synagogen einen Vorfall der Polizei nicht melden, geben. Die Jamim Noraim, die Tage der weil sie fürchten, nicht ernst genommen Ehrfurcht, Rosch Haschana, Jom Kippur zu werden, oder weil sie den Gang zu einer und die dazwischen liegenden sieben amtlichen Meldestelle scheuen. Bußtage sind Festtage, die viele auch nicht regelmäßigen Gottesdienstbesucher Wir brauchen aber valide Daten, damit mit eigenen Vorstellungen und Erinne- die Mehrheitsgesellschaft das Problem rungen verbinden. Dazu gehören der Be- überhaupt ernst nimmt. Und zwar so ginn des Jüdischen Jahres, das Fasten am ernst, dass sie sich nachhaltig damit be- Versöhnungstag und das Schofarblasen. schäftigt, und sich nicht bei einem Vorfall Aber auch der Gedanke an Umkehr, an kurzfristig empört, um dann im Alltag Teschuwa, die weiße Festtagsbekleidung genauso weiterzumachen wie bisher. und die traditionellen Speisen Apfel mit Honig gehören zu den Besonderheiten Wir brauchen zu den Vorfällen gesicherte der Jamim Noraim. Daten, denn nur dann werden wir ein Bild erhalten, das der Realität einiger- Unsere Autoren Rabbiner Berger und maßen entspricht. Und nur dann können Yizhak Ahren werden auf den nächsten verschiedenen Fronten und mit unter- wir auch gezielte Gegenmaßnahmen ent- Seiten einige inhaltliche Gedanken dazu schiedlichen Mitteln bekämpfen zu müs- wickeln. vorstellen. Für mich ist auch wichtig, das sen. Sukkot-Fest in diesen Feiertags-Zyklus Auch unsere Gemeinden will der Beauf- miteinzubeziehen. Denn auch auf die Zeit Es ist daher ein wichtiger Schritt, dass tragte in seine Arbeit miteinbeziehen. in einer reich geschmückten Laubhütte auf Bundesebene erstmals das Amt eines Einige hat er zu Gesprächen bereits be- freue ich mich. Die besondere „Mystik“ „Beauftragten für jüdisches Leben in sucht, alle anderen Besuche sollen bis unserer Feiertage kann man in den nächs- Deutschland und den Kampf gegen Anti- Ende des Jahres gemacht werden. ten Wochen auch in unseren Synagogen semitismus“ geschaffen wurde. Der Be- erleben. Und viele Gemeindemitglieder auftragte ist für uns ein wichtiger Partner Ich wünsche Herrn Spaenle bei seinen werden dabei sein. im Kampf gegen Antisemitismus. Gerade Bemühungen großen Erfolg und Ihnen, weil es darum geht, Antisemitismus zu liebe Leserinnen und Leser, wünsche ich Auch noch 73 Jahre nach der Befreiung beobachten unter Rechtsextremen, bei ein gutes und gesundes neues Jahr 5779. vom Nationalsozialismus erleben wir in Muslimen sowie im politisch häufig eher Deutschland und leider auch in sehr linken Spektrum in Form einer heftigen SCHANA TOWA vielen anderen europäischen Ländern Israel-Feindschaft. Antisemitismus. Es ist ein Antisemitismus Ihr in verschiedenen Erscheinungsformen Seit einigen Monaten ist der frühere baye- Dr. Josef Schuster und Gesellschaftsschichten. Und keinen rische Kultusminister Ludwig Spaenle der Präsident gilt es zu verharmlosen. Wir stehen vor Beauftragte Bayerns gegen Antisemitis- des Zentralrats der Juden in Deutschland und der Herausforderung, Antisemitismus an mus. Eine Position, die eigens geschaffen des Landesverbandes der IKG in Bayern Rosch Haschana 5779 Nachrichten aus Frankreich IMPRESSUM Von Landesrabbiner Dr. Joel Berger . 6 Von Gaby Pagener-Neu . 19 Umkehr – Gebet – Wohltätigkeit JÜDISCHES LEBEN IN BAYERN Jüdisch Reisen Von Yizhak Ahren . 7 erscheint im April zu Pessach, Zu Besuch bei Martin Buber im September zu Rosch Haschana und Kultur in Heppenheim im Dezember zu Chanukka. Klinkersteine erinnern an Jerusalem Von Bernd Sterzelmaier . 23 Von Verena Erbersdobler . 9 Was es heißt, ein Mensch zu sein Redaktion: Benno Reicher, [email protected]. Die Sukka in Zell am Main Von Angela Genger . 27 Von Israel Schwierz . 11 Bayern Herausgeber: Landesverband der Israeli- tischen Kul tusgemeinden in Bayern K.d.ö.R, Israel 70 Jahre Gedenken an Israel Offman sel. A. 34 Effnerstraße 68, 81925 München. Reiseziel Israel Aus den jüdischen Gemeinden Von Renatus Schenkel . 13 in Bayern . 36 Gesamtherstellung: Druckerei Höhn, 111 Orte in Tel Aviv Inh. Martin Höhn, Gottlieb-Daimler-Str. 14, Von Andrea Livnat . 16 Buchbesprechungen . 48 69514 Laudenbach. Jüdisches Leben in Bayern · Nr. 136/2018 3 GRUSSWORTE ZU ROSCH HASCHANA 5779 Zum jüdischen Neu- schmerzt es, wenn der Antisemitismus heute der Selbstbesinnung und inneren Einkehr. jahrsfest geht mein wieder vermehrt in Erscheinung tritt. Die Sie ziehen eine persönliche Zwischenbilanz herzlicher Gruß an Bayerische Staatsregierung stellt sich die- und erneuern für das anstehende Jahr ihren die jüdischen Bürge- sem Ausdruck von Menschenverachtung Bund mit Gott. Ganz in diesem Sinne ein rinnen und Bürger entschlossen entgegen. Mit der Schaffung gesundes, glückliches und erfolgreiches unsers Landes. des Amtes eines Antisemitismusbeauftrag- Jahr 5779! Ihre Gemeinden neh- ten setzt sie ein Zeichen für religiöse Tole- men einen festen Platz ranz. Wir werden den notwendigen Debat- in unserer Gesell- ten nicht ausweichen und klar auf der Seite schaft und in unse- der Menschenwürde stehen. Dr. Markus Söder rem religiösen Leben ein. Umso mehr Rosch Haschana ist für die Juden ein Fest Bayerischer Ministerpräsident Die Ankunft eines rüber, dass jüdisches Leben in unserem das gelingt, kann daraus mehr als Toleranz neuen Jahres kann Land wieder so stark Fuß gefasst hat. Das entstehen, nämlich echtes Interesse fürein- man gut miteinander jüdische Gemeindezentrum am Münchner ander und aufrichtiger Respekt voreinander. feiern; es geht aber Jakobsplatz ist in gewisser Weise der Be- Das ist im Kleinen nicht anders als im grö- auch sehr gut neben- weis dafür, was heute überall im Land mög- ßeren politischen Rahmen. 70 Jahre nach einander. Denn jüdi- lich ist. Immer wieder engagieren sich Bür- der Staatsgründung Israels sind die deutsch- sche und christliche gerinnen und Bürger oder ganze Gemein- israelischen Beziehungen sehr eng. Manche Traditionen lassen den, um die Erinnerung an jüdisches Leben Kommentatoren sprechen von einem „klei- sich in entspannter vergangener Zeiten wachzuhalten oder es nen Wunder“. Und das ist es wohl auch. Wir Weise leben. Und so in die Gegenwart hereinzuholen. Ein Bei- sollten es bewahren und aus ihm eine wun- möchte ich den Mit- spiel dafür ist Memmelsdorf in meiner frän- derbare Normalität machen. Das wünsche gliedern der Jüdischen Gemeinden in Bayern kischen Heimat. Dort hat eine örtliche Initia- ich uns und Ihnen, liebe Mitglieder der Jü- namens des Bayerischen Landtags und per- tive die Synagoge der früheren Landjuden- dischen Gemeinden in Bayern, am „Tag der sönlich zum Fest Rosch Haschana ganz herz- gemeinde zu einer Begegnungsstätte umge- Erinnerung“ von ganzem Herzen. lich gratulieren und alles Gute wünschen. staltet. So etwas zu tun, ist ganz wichtig. Natürlich müssen wir auch weiterhin wach- Denn letztlich kommt es beim friedlichen sam sein, was Antisemitismus betrifft, ganz Zusammenleben der Menschen immer auf gleich, von wem er kommt. Aber bei mir die persönliche Begegnung, auf die Bereit- Barbara Stamm, Präsidentin persönlich überwiegt doch die Freude da- schaft, aufeinander zuzugehen, an. Wenn des Bayerischen Landtags Mehr als 10 Jahre liegt gen überhaupt abreißen ließ. Abscheu vor jeglichem Antisemitismus und die Eröffnung der Noch ein anderes Ereignis hat das vergan- ihr tiefes Verbundensein mit der Jüdischen Ohel-Jakob-Sy n agoge gene Jüdische Jahr 5778 geprägt: die Staats- Gemeinde mit einer Großdemonstration auf auf dem Jakobsplatz gründung Israels vor 70 Jahren. Auch in dem St.-Jakobs-Platz entschlossen zum Aus- nun schon zurück und München gab es zum Jubiläum
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