DOCSLIB.ORG

Constitution. Coord. 4 Fin.-1

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

- 1 - IJAMBO RY’IBANZE INTRODUCTION AVANT PROPOS Itegeko Nshinga rishya rya The new Constitution of the La nouvelle Constitution de la Repubulika y’u Rwanda ryasohotse Republic of Rwanda was published République du Rwanda a été publiée mu Igazeti ya Leta ya Repubulika in the Official Gazette of the au Journal Officiel de la République y’u Rwanda yo ku wa 04 Kamena Republic of Rwanda on 4 th June du Rwanda le 04 juin 2003. 2003. 2003. Kubera impamvu z’ingenzi, ubu iryo Due to important reasons, the Pour des raisons majeures, ladite Tegeko Nshinga rimaze mentioned Constitution has been Constitution vient de subir quatre kuvugururwa inshuro enye: amended four times: The first révisions respectivement le 02 Ivugururwa rya mbere ryabaye ku Amendment was published on 2 nd décembre 2003, le 08 décembre wa 02 Ukuboza 2003, irya kabiri ku December 2003, the second one on 2005, le 13 août 2008 et le 17 juin wa 08 Ukuboza 2005, irya gatatu ku 8th December 2005, the third one on 2010. wa 13 Kanama 2008 n’irya kane ku 13 th August 2008 and the fourth one wa 17 Kamena 2010. on 17 June 2010. Ivugururwa rya mbere n’irya kabiri The first and second amendments Les deux premières révisions ont byari bigamije cyane cyane kugaruka concerned essentially the review of porté essentiellement sur ku mitunganyirize y’Ubuyobozi the organization and the attributions l’organisation et les attributions des n’inshingano z’inzego za Leta cyane of State organs especially those in organes de l’Etat spécialement ceux cyane iz’Ubutabera n’urwego the Justice Sector and the Office of relatifs à la justice et à l’Office de rw’Umuvunyi hakurikijwe the Ombudsman following loopholes l’Ombudsman constatés dans la ibyagaragajwe mu gutangira which were noticed in the mise en application de la gushyira mu bikorwa Itegeko implementation of the Constitution Constitution et sur son adaptation Nshinga. Yibanze kandi no guhuza and its harmonization with the newly aux nouvelles entités administratives Itegeko Nshinga n’imitegekere created administrative entities of du territoire national. mishya y’Igihugu cy’ u Rwanda. Rwanda. Ivugururwa rya gatatu ryibanze The third amendment dealt La troisième révision a revu des cyane mu gutunganya bimwe mu especially with resolving issues that questions non résolues par les bibazo bitahise bikemurwa n’ayo were not immediately solved by the amendements constitutionnels mavugururwa yombi, cyane cyane previous amendments especially: précédents, notamment : le mandat ikibazo cya manda z’Abagize issues relating to the terms of office de certaines hautes autorités des Inzego Nkuru z’Igihugu zari zigejeje of some senior authorities in the organes de l’Etat ; la fléxibilité de la igihe cyo kurangira; gukemura main State organs whose terms had Constitution, et l’adaptation de ikibazo cyo gutuma Itegeko Nshinga reached their expiry date; Flexibility certaines dispositions transitoires au rigira ubwinyagamburiro n’ingingo of the Constitution; and other contexte du moment. z’inzibacyuho zari zigejeje igihe cyo transition provisions that needed to guhuzwa n’aho Igihugu kigeze. be updated to the current status of the country. Ivugururwa rya kane ryibanze cyane Finally, the fourth amendment Enfin, la quatrième révision a eu cyane gukemura ikibazo intended especially to avoid that the pour but de résoudre la question des cyerekeranye n’uko Itegeko Nshinga Constitution goes into details with détails contenus dans la Constitution ryatowe muri 2003 ryasobanuraga the consequence that any change in de 2003 qui exigeaient des ibintu mu buryo burambuye, bityo the organization of a given organ amendements chaque fois que uko hagize igihinduka nko mu would give rise to the amendment of survenaient des modifications kunoza imikorere y’Urwego runaka the Constitution. This amendment mineures, notamment dans bikaba ngombwa ko rivugururwa. Iri also changed procedures with regard l’organisation d’un tel ou tel autre vugururwa kandi ryibanze no to modalities of appointing senior Organe. La présente révision a guhindura uburyo abayobozi bakuru officials, to reduce the number of également revu la procédure de b’Igihugu bashyirwaho, kugabanya organic laws, to remove terms of nomination des hautes autorités du umubare w’amategeko ngenga, office for some judges and pays, le nombre de lois organiques, gukuraho manda za bamwe mu prosecutors and to rename some le mandat de certains juges et - 2 - bacamanza n’abashinjacyaha ndetse State organs. officiers de poursuite judiciaire ainsi no guhindura inyito za zimwe mu que l’appellation de certains organes nzego za Leta. de l’Etat. Mu rwego rwo korohereza In order to make it easy for the users Etant donné que la lecture des abakoresha Itegeko Nshinga rya of the Constitution of the Republic dispositions constitutionnelles Repubulika y’u Rwanda, Minisiteri of Rwanda, the Ministry of Justice éparses n’est pas aisée pour les y’Ubutabera yasanze ari ngombwa put special emphasis on utilisateurs de ce texte, le Ministère guhuriza hamwe izi mpinduka zose consolidating different constitutional de la Justice a procédé à la zabaye ku Itegeko Nshinga ryo ku provisions into one instrument, coordination de cet important texte wa 04 Kamena 2003. which incorporated all changes made en un document unique, en to the Constitution of 4 th June 2003. incorporant les dernières révisions susmentionnées dans le texte initial de la Constitution du 04 juin 2003. Bityo, uku guhuriza hamwe Itegeko In that regard, this consolidation of Ainsi cette coordination de la Nshinga n’amavugurura the Constitution and its amendments Constitution et ses révisions aura le yarikozweho bikaba bifite inyungu shall have a clear benefit of having mérite certain de mettre à la yo kugira inyandiko y’Itegeko one consolidated instrument which is disposition des usagers un texte Nshinga ribumbiye hamwe yoroshye easier to use compared to having the unique d’usage facile au lieu et place gukoresha kurusha kwitabaza Constitution and its amendments in de cinq diffèrent Journaux Officiels Amagazeti ya Leta ya Repubulika five separate Official Gazettes of the de la République du Rwanda. y’u Rwanda uko ari atanu. Republic of Rwanda. Ako gatabo ni ako gukoresha umunsi The booklet serves for day to day Le livret est d’usage courant. Il ne ku wundi. Ntigasimbura Itegeko use. In any way, it shall not replace remplace pas la Constitution tel Nshinga nk’uko ryagiye ritanganzwa the Constitution as it has been qu’elle a été auparavant publiée au mu Igazeti ya Leta ya Repubulika previously published in Official Journal Officiel de la République du y’u Rwanda. Gazette of the Republic of Rwanda. Rwanda. Tharcisse KARUGARAMA Tharcisse KARUGARAMA Tharcisse KARUGARAMA Minisitiri w’Ubutabera / Intumwa Minister of Justice/Attorney Ministre de la Justice / Garde des Nkuru ya Leta General Sceaux - 3 - Itegeko Nshinga rya Repubulika Constitution of the Republic of Constitution de la République du y’u Rwanda ryo ku wa 04 Kamena Rwanda of 04 June 2003 ( O.G. Rwanda du 04 juin 2003 (J.O. n° 2003 ( Igazeti ya Leta n° idasanzwe special number of 4 June 2003) spécial du 04 juin 2003) yo ku wa 4 Kamena 2003) Ivugururwa ry’Itegeko Nshinga Constitutional Amendment n° 01 Révision Constitutionnelle n° 01 n° 01 ryo ku wa 02 Ukuboza 2003 of 2 December 2003 ( O.G. special du 02 décembre 2003 (J.O. n° (Igazeti ya Leta n° idasanzwe yo ku number of 2 December 2003) spécial du 02 décembre 2003) wa 2 Ukuboza 2003) Ivugururwa ry’Itegeko Nshinga Constitutional Amendment n° 02 Révision Constitutionnelle n° 02 n° 02 ryo ku wa 08 Ukuboza 2005 of 8 December 2005 (O. G special du 08 décembre 2005 (J.O. n° (Igazeti ya Leta n° idasanzwe yo ku number of 8 December 2005) spécial du 08 décembre 2005) wa 8 Ukuboza 2005) Ivugururwa ry’Itegeko Nshinga Constitutional Amendment n° 03 Révision Constitutionnelle n° 03 n° 03 ryo ku wa 13 Kanama 2008 of 13 August 2008 (O.G. special du 13 août 2008 (J.O. n° spécial du (Igazeti ya Leta n° idasanzwe yo number of 13 August 2008) 13 août 2008) ku wa 13 Kanama 2008) Ivugururwa ry’Itegeko Nshinga Constitutional Amendment n° 04 Révision constitutionnelle n° 04 du n° 04 ryo ku wa 17 Kamena 2010 of 17 June 2010 (O.G. special of 17 17 juin 2010 (J.O. n° spécial du 17 (Igazeti ya Leta n° idasanzwe yo June 2010) juin 2010) ku wa 17 Kamena 2010) IRANGASHINGIRO PREAMBLE PREAMBULE Twebwe, Abanyarwanda, We, the People of Rwanda, Nous, Peuple Rwandais , 1.Nyuma ya jenoside yakorewe 1. In the wake of the genocide 1. Au lendemain du génocide Abatutsi yateguwe ikanashyirishwa against the Tutsi that was organised perpétré contre les Tutsi, planifié et mu bikorwa n’abayobozi babi and supervised by unworthy leaders supervisé par des dirigeants indignes n'abandi bose bayigizemo uruhare, and other perpetrators and that et autres auteurs, et qui a décimé igahitana abana b’u Rwanda decimated more than a million sons plus d’un million de filles et fils du barenga miliyoni ; and daughters of Rwanda; Rwanda ; 2.Twiyemeje kurwanya 2.Resolved to fight the ideology of 2. Résolus à combattre l’idéologie du ingengabitekerezo ya jenoside genocide and all its manifestations génocide et toutes ses manifestations n’ibyo igaragariramo byose, ndetse and to eradicate ethnic, regional and ainsi qu’à éradiquer les divisions no kurandura burundu amacakubiri any other form of divisions; ethniques, régionales et de toute ashingiye ku moko, ku turere n'andi autre forme; macakubiri ayo ari yo yose; 3.Twiyemeje kurwanya ubutegetsi 3.Determined to fight dictatorship 3.Décidés à combattre la dictature en bw’igitugu dushyiraho inzego za by putting in place democratic mettant en place des institutions demokarasi n’abayobozi twihitiyemo institutions and leaders freely elected démocratiques et des autorités nta gahato ; by ourselves; librement choisies par nous-mêmes; 4.
Recommended publications
  • A Practical Guide to Constitution Building: Principles and Cross-Cutting Themes

    A Practical Guide to Constitution Building: Principles and Cross-Cutting Themes

    A Practical Guide to Constitution Building: Principles and Cross-cutting Themes Nora Hedling This paper appears as chapter 2 of International IDEA’s publication A Practical Guide to Constitution Building. The full Guide is available in PDF and as an e-book at <http://www.idea.int> and includes an introductory chapter (chapter 1), and chapters on building a culture of human rights (chapter 3), constitution building and the design of the executive branch, the legislature and the judiciary (chapters 4, 5 and 6), and decentralized forms of government in relation to constitution building (chapter 7). International IDEA resources on Constitution Building A Practical Guide to Constitution Building: Principles and Cross-cutting Themes © International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance (International IDEA), 2011 This publication is independent of specific national or political interests. Views expressed in this publication do not necessarily represent the views of International IDEA, its Board or its Council of Member States, or those of the donors. Applications for permission to reproduce all or any part of this publication should be made to: International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance (International IDEA) Strömsborg SE -103 34 Stockholm Sweden Tel: +46-8-698 37 00 Fax: +46-8-20 24 22 Email: [email protected] Website: www.idea.int Design and layout by: Turbo Design, Ramallah Printed by: Bulls Graphics, Sweden Cover design by: Turbo Design, Ramallah Cover illustration by: Sharif Sarhan ISBN: 978-91-86565-29-9 This publication is produced as part of the Constitution Building Programme implemented by International IDEA with funding from the Royal Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
  • Policy Framework for Social Cohesion

    Policy Framework for Social Cohesion

    Rwanda Public Observatory Report Number 4 Policy Framework for Social Cohesion 1 Policy Framework for Social Cohesion Brian Corry July 2012 Kigali Rwanda Published By IPAR - Rwanda © Institute of Policy Analysis and Research, 2012 2 Table of Contents Acronyms and Abbreviations....................................................................................................... 5 List of Tables and Figures............................................................................................................. 6 Acknowledgements........................................................................................................................ 7 Introduction.................................................................................................................................... 8 1. International and Constitutional Framework............................................................................. 9 1.1 International Treaties and Conventions......................................................................... 9 1.2 Rwandan Constitution.................................................................................................... 10 2. National Policy Framework........................................................................................................ 11 2.1 Policies to Empower........................................................................................................ 11 2.1.1 Integrated Child Rights Policy......................................................................... 11 2.1.2
  • The Concept of Power Sharing in the Constitutions of Burundi and Rwanda

    The Concept of Power Sharing in the Constitutions of Burundi and Rwanda

    THE CONCEPT OF POWER SHARING IN THE CONSTITUTIONS OF BURUNDI AND RWANDA Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree LL.M. (Human Rights and Democratisation in Africa) By CHRISTIAN GARUKA NSABIMANA Prepared under the supervision of Professor Pierre De Vos Faculty of Law University of the Western Cape 31 October 2005. CENTRE FOR HUMAN RIGHTS FACULTY OF LAW UNIVERSITY OF PRETORIA Table of Contents Title page i Table of Contents ii Acknowledgement iiv List of abbreviations v Declaration v The concept of power sharing in the Constitutions of Burundi and Rwanda 1 Chapter I General introduction 1 1.1 Background of the study 1 1.2 Research question 1 1.3 Research methodology 1 1.4 Literature review 2 1.5 Relevance of the study 3 1.6 Limitation of the study 3 1.7 Overview of chapters 3 Chapter II Power sharing 5 2.1 Introduction 5 2.2 Concept of power sharing 7 2.3 Rwanda 8 2.4 Burundi 11 2.5 Conclusion 14 Chapter III Constitutionalism 16 3.1 Introduction 16 3.2 Constitutionalism 16 3.2.1 Assessment of the compliance of the Constitution of Rwanda with the requirements of constitutionalism. 19 3.2.1.1 Separation of powers. 19 3.2.1.2 The rule of law 20 3.2.1.3 The supremacy of the Constitution 20 3.2.2 Assessment of the compliance of the Constitution of Burundi with the requirements of constitutionalism 20 ii 3.2.2.1 Separation of Powers 21 3.2.2.2 The rule of law 21 3.2.2.3 The supremacy of the Constitution 22 3.3 Conclusion 22 Chapter IV Democracy 24 4.1 Introduction 24 4.2 Democracy 24 4.2.1 Rwanda 30 4.2.1.1 Multi-party system 30 4.2.1.2.
  • The Concept of Power Sharing in the Constitutions of Burundi and Rwanda

    The Concept of Power Sharing in the Constitutions of Burundi and Rwanda

    THE CONCEPT OF POWER SHARING IN THE CONSTITUTIONS OF BURUNDI AND RWANDA Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree LL.M. (Human Rights and Democratisation in Africa) By CHRISTIAN GARUKA NSABIMANA Student No.25442016 Prepared under the supervision of Professor Pierre De Vos Faculty of Law University of the Western Cape 31 October 2005. CENTRE FOR HUMAN RIGHTS FACULTY OF LAW UNIVERSITY OF PRETORIA Table of Contents Title page i Table of Contents ii Acknowledgement iiv List of abbreviations v Declaration v The concept of power sharing in the Constitutions of Burundi and Rwanda 1 Chapter I General introduction 1 1.1 Background of the study 1 1.2 Research question 1 1.3 Research methodology 1 1.4 Literature review 2 1.5 Relevance of the study 3 1.6 Limitation of the study 3 1.7 Overview of chapters 3 Chapter II Power sharing 5 2.1 Introduction 5 2.2 Concept of power sharing 7 2.3 Rwanda 8 2.4 Burundi 11 2.5 Conclusion 14 Chapter III Constitutionalism 16 3.1 Introduction 16 3.2 Constitutionalism 16 3.2.1 Assessment of the compliance of the Constitution of Rwanda with the requirements of constitutionalism. 19 3.2.1.1 Separation of powers. 19 3.2.1.2 The rule of law 20 3.2.1.3 The supremacy of the Constitution 20 3.2.2 Assessment of the compliance of the Constitution of Burundi with the requirements of constitutionalism 20 ii 3.2.2.1 Separation of Powers 21 3.2.2.2 The rule of law 21 3.2.2.3 The supremacy of the Constitution 22 3.3 Conclusion 22 Chapter IV Democracy 24 4.1 Introduction 24 4.2 Democracy 24 4.2.1 Rwanda 30 4.2.1.1 Multi-party system 30 4.2.1.2.
  • Denying Genocide Or Denying Free Speech? a Case Study of the Application of Rwanda’S Genocide Denial Laws Yakaré-Oulé (Nani) Jansen

    Denying Genocide Or Denying Free Speech? a Case Study of the Application of Rwanda’S Genocide Denial Laws Yakaré-Oulé (Nani) Jansen

    Northwestern Journal of International Human Rights Volume 12 | Issue 2 Article 3 Spring 2014 Denying Genocide or Denying Free Speech? A Case Study of the Application of Rwanda’s Genocide Denial Laws Yakaré-Oulé (Nani) Jansen Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarlycommons.law.northwestern.edu/njihr Part of the Human Rights Law Commons, and the International Law Commons Recommended Citation Yakaré-Oulé (Nani) Jansen, Denying Genocide or Denying Free Speech? A Case Study of the Application of Rwanda’s Genocide Denial Laws, 12 Nw. J. Int'l Hum. Rts. 191 (2014). http://scholarlycommons.law.northwestern.edu/njihr/vol12/iss2/3 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Northwestern University School of Law Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Northwestern Journal of International Human Rights by an authorized administrator of Northwestern University School of Law Scholarly Commons. Vol. 12:2] Yakaré-Oulé Jansen Denying Genocide or Denying Free Speech? A Case Study of the Application of Rwanda’s Genocide Denial Laws Yakaré-Oulé (Nani) Jansen * I. INTRODUCTION ¶1 Rwanda is widely considered a poster child for post conflict development. Since the 1994 genocide, in which an estimated 800,000 people lost their lives, 1 the country has gone through a rapid process of socio-economic development. In the last 10 years, Rwanda’s GDP growth has averaged 7.4 %, nearly double the regional average. 2 Rwanda is the only country in Sub-Saharan Africa that is on track to meet its health related millennium development goals 3 and the only country in the world where women hold a majority of seats in the national legislature.
  • Thesis Law 2019 Lihiru Victoria.Pdf

    Thesis Law 2019 Lihiru Victoria.Pdf

    Participatory Constitutional Reforms vs. Realization of Equal Representation of Men and Women in the Parliaments: A Study of Kenya, Rwanda and Tanzania By Victoria Melkisedeck Lihiru- LHRVIC001/1555440 Thesis Submitted for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHYTown in the Department of Public Law, Faculty of Law of the UNIVERSITY OF CAPE TOWN. August 2019Cape of University Supervisor: Associate Professor Waheeda Amien The copyright of this thesis vests in the author. No quotation from it or information derived from it is to be published without full acknowledgementTown of the source. The thesis is to be used for private study or non- commercial research purposes only. Cape Published by the University ofof Cape Town (UCT) in terms of the non-exclusive license granted to UCT by the author. University COPYRIGHT The copyright of this thesis vests in the author. No quotation from it or information derived from it is to be published without full acknowledgement of the source. The thesis is to be used for private study or noncommercial research purposes only. Published by the University of Cape Town (UCT) in terms of the non-exclusive license granted to UCT by the author. i DECLARATION I, Victoria Melkisedeck Lihiru, hereby declare that the work on which this thesis is based is my original work (except where acknowledgments indicate otherwise) and that neither the whole work nor any part of it has been, is being, or is to be submitted for another degree in this or any other university. I authorise the university to reproduce for the purpose of research either the whole or any portion of the contents in any manner whatsoever.
  • Rwanda Switches to English: Conflict, Identity and Language-In-Education Policy

    Rwanda Switches to English: Conflict, Identity and Language-In-Education Policy

    Rwanda Switches to English: Conflict, Identity and Language-in-Education Policy Forthcoming in LANGUAGE POLICIES IN EDUCATION: CRITICAL ISSUES (2nd edition), Edited by James W. Tollefson. Routledge/Taylor and Francis Beth Lewis Samuelson Indiana University Rwanda seized the world’s attention in April of 1994, when genocidal violence broke out during a bitter guerilla insurgency war. According to official estimates, approximately 937,000 Rwandans died during the 100-day killing spree (Republic of Rwanda, 2008). The Francophone Hutu-led government that instigated the genocide organized a systematic campaign to purge the country of all members of the Tutsi ethnicity as well as any Hutu political opponents (Desforges, 1999). In July 1994, the Anglophone Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF), led by the descendents of longtime Rwandan Tutsi exiles who had fled social unrest in 1959 and onward, took control of the country and established the transitional Government of National Unity. At the onset of the civil war and genocide, Rwanda belonged to La Francophonie, as a former colony of Belgium; by the end of hostilities, Rwanda was under the control of an Anglophone government that in short order declared English to be an additional official language, alongside Kinyarwanda and French. Although it is argued that adopting English as the official language can promote better communication for business, foreign investment, development, and technology transfer, it can also jeopardize other languages, leading to language decline and greater linguistic 2 homogeneity, while giving an advantage to people who already speak the language and raising formidable barriers for those who do not have access to good language instruction (Tollefson, 2000).
  • Ibirimo/Summary/Sommaire Page/Urup

    Ibirimo/Summary/Sommaire Page/Urup

    Official Gazette n° Special of 24/12/2015 Ibirimo/Summary/Sommaire page/urup ITEGEKO NSHINGA RYA REPUBULIKA Y’U RWANDA RYO MU 2003 RYAVUGURUWE MU 2015 THE CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF RWANDA OF 2003 REVISED IN 2015 LA CONSTITUTION DE LA REPUBLIQUE DU RWANDA DE 2003 RÉVISÉE EN 2015 1 Official Gazette n° Special of 24/12/2015 ITEGEKO NSHINGA RYA THE CONSTITUTION OF THE LA CONSTITUTION DE LA REPUBULIKA Y’U RWANDA RYO MU REPUBLIC OF RWANDA OF 2003 REPUBLIQUE DU RWANDA DE 2003 2003 RYAVUGURUWE MU 2015 REVISED IN 2015 RÉVISÉE EN 2015 ISHAKIRO TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE DES MATIERES IRANGASHINGIRO PREAMBLE PREAMBULE UMUTWE WA MBERE: UBWIGENGE CHAPTER ONE: SOVEREIGNTY OF CHAPITRE PREMIER: BW’ABANYARWANDA MU GUFATA RWANDANS AND THE SUPREMACY OF SOUVERAINETE DU PEUPLE IBYEMEZO NO GUSUMBA ANDI THE CONSTITUTION RWANDAIS ET SUPREMATIE DE LA MATEGEKO KW’ITEGEKO NSHINGA CONSTITUTION Ingingo ya mbere: Inkomoko y’ubutegetsi Article One: Source of National sovereignty Article premier: Source de la souveraineté bw’Igihugu nationale Ingingo ya 2: Itora Article 2: Suffrage Article 2: Suffrage Ingingo ya 3: Ugusumba andi mategeko Article 3: Supremacy of the Constitution Article 3: Suprématie de la Constitution kw’Itegeko Nshinga UMUTWE WA II: REPUBULIKA Y’U CHAPTER II: REPUBLIC OF RWANDA CHAPITRE II: REPUBLIQUE DU RWANDA RWANDA Ingingo ya 4: Repubulika Article 4: The Republic Article 4: La République 2 Official Gazette n° Special of 24/12/2015 Ingingo ya 5: Igihugu cy’u Rwanda Article 5: Territory of Rwanda and Article 5: Territoire du Rwanda et entités n’inzego
  • ACHP 03 Décembre 2009

    ACHP 03 Décembre 2009

    REPUBLIC OF RWANDA MINISTRY OF JUSTICE THE 9th & 10th PERIODIC REPORT OF THE REPUBLIC OF RWANDA UNDER THE AFRICAN CHARTER ON HUMAN AND PEOPLES’ RIGHTS PERIOD COVERED BY THE REPORT 2005 – JULY 2009 JULY 2009 TABLE OF CONTENTS Acronyms………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2 Introduction……………………………………………………………………………………………….3 I. Information concerning the general framework within which civil and political human rights that are recognized by the African Charter are protected………………………………………. 4 Part I: General…………………………………………………………………………………………… 4 (i) Legal and institutional framework…………………………………………..…………................ 4 (ii) Invocation of the African Charter before the Courts of law or other administrative authorities…………………………………………………………………………………………….. 8 (iii) Which judicial, administrative or other authorities have jurisdiction affecting human rights…………………………………………………………………………………………................. 9 (iv) What remedies are available to an individual whose rights are violated…………………… 10 (v) What other measures have been taken to implement the provisions of the Charter……….. 10 Part II: Information concerning each of the rights, duties and freedoms in relation to appropriate individual articles of the Charter……………………………………………………………………… 13 (i) Information as to measures taking into account questions raised in the commission on the examination of the previous report…………………………………………………………………… 13 (ii) Information taking into account general comments made by the Commission…………… 23 (iii) Information on changes made or proposed to be made ……………….………………….
  • Report of the African Commission's Working

    Report of the African Commission's Working

    REPORT OF THE AFRICAN for Indigenous Affairs Indigenous for International Work Group Group Work International COMMISSION’S WORKING GROUP ON INDIGENOUS POPULATIONS/COMMUNITIES et des Peuples des et des Droits de l’Homme l’Homme de Droits des MISSION TO THE REPUBLIC OF RWANDA Commission Africaine Africaine Commission 1-5 December 2008 REPUBLIC OF RWANDA REPUBLIQUE DU RWANDA 1–5 décembre 2008 décembre 1–5 MISSION EN REPUBLIQUE DU RWANDA DU REPUBLIQUE EN MISSION African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights COMMUNAUTÉS AUTOCHTONES COMMUNAUTÉS SUR LES POPULATIONS / / POPULATIONS LES SUR International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs DE LA COMMISSION AFRICAINE AFRICAINE COMMISSION LA DE RAPPORT DU GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE GROUPE DU RAPPORT REPORT OF THE AFRICAN COMMISSION’S WORKING GROUP ON INDIGENOUS POPULATIONS/COMMUNITIES MISSION TO THE REPUBLIC OF RWANDA 1 – 5 DECEMBER 2008 The African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights adopted this report at its 47th Ordinary Session, 12-26 May 2010 African Commission on Human International Work Group and Peoples’ Rights for Indigenous Affairs (ACHPR) 2010 REPORT OF THE AFRICAN COMMISSION’S WORKING GROUP ON INDIGENOUS POPULATIONS/COMMUNITIES MISSION TO THE REPUBLIC OF RWANDA 1 – 5 DECEMBER 2008 © Copyright: ACHPR and IWGIA - 2010 Typesetting and Layout: Jorge Monrás Prepress and Print: Eks-Skolens Trykkeri, Copenhagen, Denmark ISBN: 978-87-91563-89-8 Distribution in North America: Transaction Publishers 390 Campus Drive / Somerset, New Jersey 08873 www.transactionpub.com AFRICAN COMMISSION ON HUMAN
  • Post-Conflict Democritization: Rwanda's Illiberal Democracy

    Post-Conflict Democritization: Rwanda's Illiberal Democracy

    Proceedings of GREAT Day Volume 2010 Article 11 2011 Post-Conflict Democritization: Rwanda’s Illiberal Democracy Alexander Berberich SUNY Geneseo Follow this and additional works at: https://knightscholar.geneseo.edu/proceedings-of-great-day Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. Recommended Citation Berberich, Alexander (2011) "Post-Conflict Democritization: Rwanda’s Illiberal Democracy," Proceedings of GREAT Day: Vol. 2010 , Article 11. Available at: https://knightscholar.geneseo.edu/proceedings-of-great-day/vol2010/iss1/11 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the GREAT Day at KnightScholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in Proceedings of GREAT Day by an authorized editor of KnightScholar. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Berberich: Post-Conflict Democritization Post-Conflict Democritization: Rwanda’s Illiberal Democracy Submitted by: Alexander Berberich Introduction some 5.5% in 2009, the 18th fastest in the viii Rwanda, despite successful post-conflict world. Aid money is flowing smoothly into economic growth, is an illiberal shell of a Rwanda, NGOs in part contributing to the democracy as a result of unsuccessful post- continuation of authoritarianism while working conflict democratization and liberalization. The in a difficult political environment. Between 2003 constitution calls for the “eradication of 2005 and 2006, overseas developmental ethnic, regional and other divisions and assistance (ODA) averaged “just over 14 promotion of national unity.”vii Peaceful percent of GDP,” while FDI accounted for .23% elections have been held, but they merely and average savings accounted for -1.4% of ix provide the illusion of democracy.
  • Rule of Law Quick Scan Rwanda

    Rule of Law Quick Scan Rwanda

    Rule of Law Quick Scan Rwanda The Rule of Law in Rwanda: Prospects and Challenges Rule of Law Quick Scan Rwanda Prospects and Challenges HiiL Rule of Law Quick Scan Series This document is part of HiiL’s Rule of Law Quick Scan Series. Each Quick Scan provides a brief overview of the status of rule of law in a country. April 2012 The main text of the Quick Scan was finalized 1 November 2011 HiiL Quick Scans | The Rule of Law in Rwanda 2 Foreword This document is part of HiiL’s Rule of Law Quick Scan Series. Each Quick Scan provides a brief overview of the status of rule of law in a country. The Quick Scan Series is primarily meant for busy practitioners and academics who want to have a snapshot of the rule of law in a country, particularly with a view to understanding what the main trends and challenges regarding the rule of law are and where local and international stakeholders can possibly make a positive difference. Each Quick Scan is written by a reputable rule of law expert from academia and/ or practice, who is either from the concerned country or has spent many years living and working there. The Quick Scan Series aims to be neutral and balanced. To achieve this aim, the authors have consulted sources from a wide range of stakeholders, including the government, (inter)national NGOs, academia, and international organizations. They present differences of opinion or analysis, but do not pronounce judgment on which view is correct. In the context of their work on the Quick Scan they have visited the country and talked to different stakeholders, presented drafts and revised in view of the comments they received.