Nano-computed Tomography (nano-CT)

• Nano-computed Tomography (nano-CT)

• Nano-computed Tomography (nano-CT)

• Nano-computed Tomography (nano-CT)

• •

Tiger – Melese

Iso-surface rendering Tiger moth – Melese

Iso-surface rendering Diagnostic structures in situ

Accurate measurements

Type specimens

Really small specimens Diagnostic structures in situ

Accurate measurements

Type specimens

Really small specimens

Peach fruit moth - Carposina sasakii

1.0 mm • •

DoodleBug Biology (@DoodleBugBio) Evolution of defensive ultrasound production in

Kawahara & Breinholt (2014) Evolution of defensive ultrasound production in moths

• Evolution of defensive ultrasound production in moths

0.5 mm Pyralidae/Crambidae– dorsal thoracic scales

Axel Hausmann, SNSB (2010)

Barber et al. (in prep.) Pyralidae/Crambidae– dorsal thoracic scales

Barber et al. (in prep.) : Calpinae – ventral abdominal scales

0.5 mm

50 μm • •

• • •

MAYBE!!! Marthula (: Notodontidae)

Abdomen moves during ultrasound production, but no correlated structures observed with regular microscopy or SEM

Dan Janzen (2008) Notodontidae – Marthula

Iso-surface rendering

Ommatidia Flight muscles

Gut contents

Notodontidae – Marthula

Volumetric rendering Search for less dense cuticle – possible evidence of ultrasound production Search for less dense cuticle – possible evidence of ultrasound production Nano-CT offers new avenues for exploring biodiversity and morphological variation

Useful tool for developing new hypotheses

Dan Janzen (2008) Kawahara & Breinholt (2014) Kawahara & Breinholt (2014)

Acknowledgments

The Kawahara Lab FLMNH Jesse Breinholt David Blackburn Geena Hill Andrei Sourakov Nicholas Homziak Lary Reeves https://www.floridamuseum.ufl.edu/mcguire/kawahara/

The Barber Lab UF Nanoscale Research Facility Brian Leavell Gary Scheiffele Krystie Miner Edward Stanley

Florida Department of Agriculture – Division of Plant Industry Dalceridae photograph by Ken-Ichi Ueda (2013) - https://www.flickr.com/photos/ken- This research was funded by NSF grants CSBR- ichi/10769397635/in/photolist-hpDYHz- 1349345, IOS-1121739, and IOS -1121807 ciJHT5-qusukF-qF42Bd-EHjKeu Creative Commons license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/