Nano-computed Tomography (nano-CT) • Nano-computed Tomography (nano-CT) • • Nano-computed Tomography (nano-CT) • • • Nano-computed Tomography (nano-CT) • • • • • • • Tiger moth – Melese Iso-surface rendering Tiger moth – Melese Iso-surface rendering Diagnostic structures in situ Accurate measurements Type specimens Really small specimens Diagnostic structures in situ Accurate measurements Type specimens Really small specimens Peach fruit moth - Carposina sasakii 1.0 mm • • • DoodleBug Biology (@DoodleBugBio) Evolution of defensive ultrasound production in moths Kawahara & Breinholt (2014) Evolution of defensive ultrasound production in moths • Evolution of defensive ultrasound production in moths • • 0.5 mm Pyralidae/Crambidae– dorsal thoracic scales Axel Hausmann, SNSB (2010) Barber et al. (in prep.) Pyralidae/Crambidae– dorsal thoracic scales Barber et al. (in prep.) Erebidae: Calpinae – ventral abdominal scales 0.5 mm 50 μm • • • • • • MAYBE!!! Marthula (Noctuoidea: Notodontidae) Abdomen moves during ultrasound production, but no correlated structures observed with regular microscopy or SEM Dan Janzen (2008) Notodontidae – Marthula Iso-surface rendering Ommatidia Flight muscles Gut contents Notodontidae – Marthula Volumetric rendering Search for less dense cuticle – possible evidence of ultrasound production Search for less dense cuticle – possible evidence of ultrasound production Nano-CT offers new avenues for exploring insect biodiversity and morphological variation Useful tool for developing new hypotheses Dan Janzen (2008) Kawahara & Breinholt (2014) Kawahara & Breinholt (2014) Acknowledgments The Kawahara Lab FLMNH Jesse Breinholt David Blackburn Geena Hill Andrei Sourakov Nicholas Homziak Lary Reeves https://www.floridamuseum.ufl.edu/mcguire/kawahara/ The Barber Lab UF Nanoscale Research Facility Brian Leavell Gary Scheiffele Krystie Miner Edward Stanley Florida Department of Agriculture – Division of Plant Industry Dalceridae photograph by Ken-Ichi Ueda (2013) - https://www.flickr.com/photos/ken- This research was funded by NSF grants CSBR- ichi/10769397635/in/photolist-hpDYHz- 1349345, IOS-1121739, and IOS -1121807 ciJHT5-qusukF-qF42Bd-EHjKeu Creative Commons license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/.