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Art Nouveau - 110 Ani În România

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Art Nouveau - 110 Ani În România 1 ART NOUVEAU - 110 ANI ÎN ROMÂNIA Texte de Rodica Rotărescu, Mircea Hortopan, Liliana Manoliu, Cornelia Dumitrescu, Macrina Oproiu, Corina Dumitrache şi Izabela Török. Design grafic şi fotografii de Alexandru Duţă Traducere de Irina Voicu Septembrie 2013 - Muzeul Naţional Peleş Nicio parte a acestei publicaţii nu poate fi reprodusă fără acordul scris al deţinătorilor drepturilor de autor. Toate drepturile rezervate. Vas Atelier european, circa 1900 Vase European Workshop, Early 20th century 6 SUMAR CONTENTS 8 DUBLĂ ANIVERSARE LA CASTELUL PELIŞOR DOUBLE ANNIVERSARY AT THE PELISOR CASTLE ARTA 1900 12 1900 ART 16 ART NOUVEAU ÎN CASTELUL PELIŞOR ART NOUVEAU AT THE PELISOR CASTLE 22 CASTELUL PELIŞOR - KAREL LIMAN ŞI ARHITECTURA ART NOUVEAU THE PELISOR CASTLE - KAREL LIMAN AND THE ART NOUVEAU ARCHITECTURE 42 PICTORI EUROPENI LA CURTEA REGALĂ A ROMÂNIEI EUROPEAN PAINTERS AT THE ROMANIAN ROYAL COURT 52 SOCIETATEA ,,TINERIMEA ARTISTICĂ’’ THE “ARTISTIC YOUTH” SOCIETY 62 REGINA ARTISTĂ ŞI CREAŢIA SA PLASTICĂ, MANUSCRISUL PE PERGAMENT THE ARTISTIC QUEEN AND HER PAINTING, THE PARCHMENT MANUSCRIPT 76 AFIŞUL ART NOUVEAU THE ART NOUVEAU POSTER 80 COLECŢIA DE MOBILIER A REGINEI MARIA QUEEN MARIE’S FURNITURE COLLECTION COLECŢIA DE STICLĂ A REGINEI MARIA 90 QUEEN MARIE’S GLASSWARE COLLECTION 114 ARTA METALULUI ÎN PERIOADA ART NOUVEAU METALWORKING DURING THE ART NOUVEAU PERIOD 128 SCULPTURA ART NOUVEAU ART NOUVEAU SCULPTURE 136 CERAMICA ART NOUVEAU ART NOUVEAU CERAMICS 150 CATALOG SELECTIV 7 Dubla Aniversare la Castelul Pelisor Castelul Pelişor a fost construit între anii arhimandritul Nifon, ofiţeri superiori ai Rodica Rotărescu 1899-1902, de către arhitectul ceh Karel armatei române, personalităţi din lumea Director General Liman (1855-1929) la comanda regelui politică şi culturală, numeroşi localnici. Carol I, ca reşedinţă a principilor moştenitori, Ferdinand şi Maria. Anii 1900 au constituit pentru Europa artistică o transformare de mentalitate şi o cotitură Inaugurat un an mai târziu, la 24 mai 1903, importantă prin apariţia unei concepţii castelul păstrează amintirea pregnantă a stilistice novatoare, stilul Art Nouveau. celei care avea să devină regina tuturor Principesa Maria îşi asumă stilul, în esenţa românilor, regina Maria, a regelui Ferdinand sa nonconformistă şi spectaculoasă până la “întregitorul de neam” şi a copiilor acestora. a-şi crea aura unui personaj Art Nouveau; ea comandă arhitectului Liman şi decoratorului În Actul inaugural al castelului, pictat de vienez Bernhard Ludwig interioare luminoase, Maria pe pergament se consemnează: primitoare, decorate după gustul noului stil, cu elemente bizantine, motive celtice, “Noi, Carol I, rege al României, clădit-am motive tradiţionale româneşti şi o distribuţie această casă alăturea de falnicul castel a spaţiilor subordonată arhitecturii moderne. Peleş pentru iubiţii noştri nepoţi. Sfinţită de biserică spre a aduce binecuvântarea cerului, După anul 1948, castelul Pelişor este noi, Ferdinand, principe al României cu Maria, preluat de către statul român, devenind Casă principesă primit-am în această nouă clădire, de creaţie a scriitorilor, compozitorilor şi cu inima recunoscătoare şi plină de dragoste. artiştilor plastici din România. Intrat-am cu ai noştri copii, Carol, Elisaveta şi Maria, în anul mântuirii 1903, iar al domniei Urmare a unei îndelungate cercetări de regelui Carol al 37-lea, în ziua de 24 maiu. arhivă, după anul 1989, grupul de specialişti Dat-i-am nume, Pelişor.” ai M.N. Peleş a reuşit să reconstituie un spaţiu princiar şi regal, pe baza documentelor La sărbătoarea inaugurării au fost prezenţi fotografice de arhivă şi respectând în alături de monarhi şi principii moştenitori, bună măsură şi inventarul iniţial, redând 8 Double Anniversary at the Pelisor Castle In 2013 we celebrate 110 years since Peles The inauguration ceremony was attended Rodica Rotărescu Castle was inaugurated and 20 years since it by sovereigns and crown princes, the General Manager opened its doors to the public as a museum. archimandrite Nifon, officers of high rank Pelisor Castle was built between 1899-1902 of the Romanian army, personalities of the by the Czech architect Karel Liman (1855- political and cultural life and many local 1929) being ordered by King Carol I as a people. residence of Crown Prince Ferdinand and Crown Princess Marie. For the artistic Europe, the 1900s meant a change of menthality and an important turn Inaugurated a year later, on 24th May 1903, as a new stylistic concept was born: The Art the castle preserves the vivid memory of the Nouveau. The Princess Marie adopted this one who was to become the Queen of all the style, in her nonconformist and spectacular Romanians, Queen Marie, but also of King essence and thus, she created the aura of an Ferdinand “The one who brought unity to his Art Nouveau character; she ordered architect people” and their children. Liman and the Vinnese decorator Bernhard Ludwig to create bright, welcoming interiors, The Inaugural Act of the castle, painted by decorated according to the taste of the Queen Marie on parchment says: “We, Carol new style, with Byzantine elements, Celtic I, King of Romania built this residence beside motifs, traditional Romanian motifs and a the towering Peles Castle for our beloved distribution of the spaces submitted to the grandchildren. Holy by the church to bring modern architecture. the blessings of heaven, we, Ferdinand, Prince of Romania and Princess Marie have received After 1948, Pelisor Castle was taken over by this place with a loving and grateful heart. the Romanian state and became a “House of We entered it, together with our children creation” for writers, composers and plastic Carol, Elisabeth and Marie on the 24th May, artists from Romania. in the blessed year 1903, the 37th reigning year of King Carol And we called it Pelisor”. As a result of a long archive research, after 1989, the specialists of the Peles National 9 patrimoniului cultural naţional o reşedinţă Lampă, detaliu de importanţă istorică. Astfel, spaţiul muzeal Auguste Moreau, românesc s-a îmbogăţit cu un monument circa 1900 de artă unic în România prin interioarele sale, decorate în stilul specific reginei Maria. Lamp, detail Muzeul a fost inaugurat în luna februarie Auguste Moreau, 1993. Early 20th century De două decenii, Pelişorul justifică pe deplin speranţele publicului şi încrederea pe care amatorii de artă i-au acordat-o: aici s-au organizat expoziţii temporare, un parteneriat cultural expoziţional cu Muzeul de Artă din Liège - Belgia, manifestări ştiinţifice care au îmbogăţit prin valoarea lor datele istorice despre perechea regală Ferdinand şi Maria şi au valorificat colecţia de artă, subliniind astfel menirea muzeului. Douăzeci de ani reprezintă doar un început, adevărat foarte promiţător, concludent însă pentru un muzeu care s-a creat şi s-a afirmat, dovedindu-şi din plin rolul său în educarea şi renaşterea spirituală a vizitatorilor. Cu prilejul acestei aniversări, Muzeul Naţional Peleş organizează expoziţia “Art Nouveau - 110 ani în România”, o sărbătoare a acestui curent artistic. Expoziţia îşi propune să reunească cele mai reprezentative piese ce se înscriu în stilistica Art Nouveau, prezente în colecţiile muzeului, multe dintre ele fiind ilustrative pentru gustul artistic al reginei Maria. Ideile acesteia privind decoraţia de interior au fost puse în operă de Karel Liman, un arhitect puţin cunoscut în România, dar care este creatorul unuia dintre cele mai importante ansambluri monumentale din ţară, reşedinţa regală de la Sinaia. Stilul Art Nouveau a definit deopotrivă sfârşitul şi începutul unui secol, conferind personalitate unei epoci şi cuprinzând toate genurile artistice legate de ambientul exterior sau interior. 10 Daphné, detaliu Isidore de Rudder, circa 1900 Daphné, detail Isidore de Rudder, Early 20th century Museum managed to reconstitute a princely proved its role in the education and the and royal space by taking into account the spritual revival of its visitors. photographic archive documents and, as far as possible, the initial inventory and In order to celebrate this occasion, Peles thus, they returned a residence of historical National Museum organizes the exhibition importance to the national cultural heritage. “Art Nouveau – 110 Years in Romania“, a In this way, the Romanian museal space celebration of this artistic movement. was enriched with a monument of art which is unique in Romania due to its interiors, The exhibition sets to bring together the most decorated in Queen Marie’s specific style. representative pieces of Art Nouveau, which The museum was inaugurated in February are part of the collections of the museum, 1993. many of them being illustrative for Queen Marie’s taste. These ideas concerning the For two decades, Pelisor has fully answered interior decoration were included in the work to public’s expectations and the trust the art by Karel Liman, an architect who was hardly lovers showed it: there were organized here known in Romania but who created one of temporary exhibitions, a cultural partnership the most important monumental ensemble with the Museum of Art from Liege-Belgium, in our country – the royal residence from scientific events which enriched, by their Sinaia. value, the historical data about the royal couple Ferdinand and Marie and focused on The Art Nouveau defined both the end and the art collection and thus, highlighted the the beginning of a century, gave personality main purpose of the museum. Twenty years to an age and included all the artistic styles mean only a beginning, a promising one related to interior and exterior environment. indeed, but a conclusive one for a museum which opened its doors, developed and 11 Arta 1900 Arta 1900 a înflorit la răscruce de veacuri, de pătrundere, astfel că în Franţa el are Cornelia Dumitrescu situându-se între istorismul secolului al XIX- mai multe denumiri: Art Nouveau, Style Muzeograf lea şi revoluţia artistică a secolului al XX-lea. A Guimard, Style Métro, Style Jules Verne, fost o mişcare autonomă, atotcuprinzătoare, Ècole de Nancy etc; în Belgia: Coup de Fouet, de o putere şi o amploare rar întâlnite în Style Horta, Style Belge etc; în Germania: istorie.
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