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And Zigbee Protocol for Industrial Process Monitoring and Control © June 2015 | IJIRT | Volume 2 Issue 1 | ISSN: 2349-6002 Implementation of Controller Area Network (CAN) and ZigBee Protocol for Industrial process monitoring and control Syed Shafiullah1, Renuka Sagar2 1Student, Ballari Institute of Technology & Management, Bellary, Karnataka, India. 2Assistant Professor, Ballari Institute of Technology & Management, Bellary, Karnataka, India. Abstract - Automation is a set of technologies that results progression from existing sensor networks. It will in operation of machines and systems without significant prove itself efficient and economic media for human intervention and achieves performance superior communication. The CAN bus provides an ideal to manual operation. Embedded systems in general and platform for interconnecting nodes and allows each microcontrollers in particular are playing a key role in node to communicate with any other node. Controller today’s industrial automation and remote monitoring era for enhanced productivity and reduced cost. A Area Network (CAN) protocol can be used for the wireless remote controller in which providing a wireless communication between nodes and by using ZigBee sensing solution for industries to operate essential protocol we can transmit the data to the end user by industrial appliances, ranging from simple lightings to means of wireless. This technology is a cost effective sophisticated electronic devices. Various parameters in one and it can be used in various applications like the industries can be monitored and controlled using industries, automobiles, home etc. ZigBee Communication integrated with CAN bus network. The method has been implemented in order to II. OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT reduce the usage of wires used for communication The main objective of this project is implementation purpose. In this paper sensors are used to sense the of CAN and ZigBee communication for industrial variable parameters and the CAN protocols are used for the transmission and reception purpose along with process controlling and monitoring. We have two ZigBee. The data transmission rate will be higher than sections i.e. Transmitting section and Receiving other wireless systems. This application is user friendly section. In the receiving Section there are two nodes and can be achieved at a low cost. sensor node and master node as shown in the block diagram. In the sensor node, microcontroller I. INTRODUCTION (PIC18F458) is programmed in such a way that the When we consider an industry of large area, parameters are sensed periodically and transmitted to monitoring and controlling of each section involved in the mater node via CAN bus. Microcontroller the industry is a big task. It involves a large amount of (PIC18F458) contains inbuilt CAN controller man power and time consumption. To overcome these features. The CAN Transceiver Module i.e. MCP2551 above factors we developed this technology which is a high-speed CAN & mostly used as a voltage makes use of single person for monitoring and converter .It convert general voltage level to CAN controlling the entire network. This can be achieved voltage level at the transmitter & CAN voltage level with the combination of both wired and wireless to general voltage level at the receiver. At the technologies i.e. CAN bus network with the ZigBee receiving section the ZigBee module is used to technology, which is the main objective of our paper. receive the data. These various parameters can be A typical smart sensor node consist of both digital and monitored on the receiver side by connecting the analog components, which allow the sensor data to be receiver section with a PC and the received data is captured, transformed, analyzed, and transmitted to shown in form of graphs and/or in digital values in other nodes in the system, by applying the CAN PC. protocol to a smart sensor network is a natural IJIRT 102384 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN TECHNOLOGY 294 © June 2015 | IJIRT | Volume 2 Issue 1 | ISSN: 2349-6002 performance & reliability. It is half duplex system & Sensor Node has data rate up to 1Mbps. It provides high level of security. 3.1 CAN Protocol Structure Based on levels of abstraction, the structure of the CAN protocol can be described in three layers where each layer describes the part of this protocol. Higher layers like application layer are covered by other high-level protocols. The following three layers are: Object Layer Transfer Layer Physical Layer Physical Layer: At the bottom layers structure there is a physical layer. The scope of this layer is the actual transfer of the bits between the different nodes with Master Node respect to all electrical properties (voltage, current, number of conductors). Within one network the physical layer, of course, has to be the same for all nodes. There may be, however, much freedom in selecting a physical layer. Transfer Layer: The Transfer Layer represents the kernel of the CAN protocol. The scope of the transfer layer mainly is the transfer protocol, i.e. controlling the framing, performing arbitration, error checking, error signaling and fault confinement. Within the transfer layer it is decided whether the bus is free for starting a new transmission or whether a reception is just starting. Also some general features of the bit timing and synchronization are regarded as part of the Fig 2: Block diagram transfer layer. It is in the nature of the transfer layer that there is no freedom for modifications. III. CONTROLLER AREA NETWORK CAN (Controller Area Network) is a vehicle bus Object Layer: The highest layer included in the CAN standard designed to allow microcontrollers and protocol is Object Layer. The object Layer is devices to communicate with each other within a concerned with message filtering as well as status and vehicle without a host computer. CAN bus is a message handling. There is much freedom in defining message-based protocol, designed specifically for object handling. automotive applications but now also used in other areas such as industrial automation and medical equipment. CAN bus was originally invented in 1983 by Robert Bosch GmbH. The protocol was officially released in 1986 at the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) congress in Detroit, Michigan. CAN bus is a simple two wire protocol. It is an asynchronous serial communication protocol. It is mostly used in automobile Industry due to its real time IJIRT 102384 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN TECHNOLOGY 295 © June 2015 | IJIRT | Volume 2 Issue 1 | ISSN: 2349-6002 it transmitted. Therefore, node B halts transmission while node C continues on with its message. Another attempt to transmit the message is made by node B once the bus is released by node C. Fig 3.2: Arbitration on a CAN Bus 3.3 FRAME FORMAT The four different types of frames that can be transmitted on a CAN bus are Data Frame Remote Frame Error Frame and Overload Frame Fig 3.1: CAN Protocol Structure Messages between units on the bus are distributed by frames. A CAN network can be configured to operate 3.2 ARBITRATION with different type of frames. First important type of frame is standard data frame (CAN 2.0 A. The second Each node is able to send and receive messages, but important type is extended data frame (CAN 2.0 B). not simultaneously. A message consists primarily of As you can see from the Fig 3.3(a) and Fig 3.3(b), the an id, which represents the priority of the message, only difference between these two types is that and up to eight data bytes. It is transmitted serially standard frame supports 11 bits for identifier and onto the bus. Bus access is event-driven and takes extended frame supports 29 bits for identifier. This place randomly. If bus is free and two or more units identifier is made of 11 bits in base and 18 bits in begin sending messages at same time, the message extension. The distraction between the two types of with the highest priority will overwrite other messages frames is made by using IDE bit. This bit is set as with lower priority. It means that only this highest dominant (zero) in case of 11 bits frame identifier and priority message remains and is received to all units in case of 29 bits frame identifier the bit is set as connected to the bus. Other messages have to wait recessive (one). until the bus is free again. This mechanism is referred to as priority based bus arbitration. The priority of each message is specified in part of frame called identifier. This identifier has got an 11 or 29 bits (it depends on format of frame). In identifier zero values are dominant and ones are recessive. It means that Fig 3.3(a): Standard Frame: 11-Bit Identifier identifier with higher number of zeros (smaller value) gives higher priority to given frame message. Note that a transmitting node constantly monitors each bit of its own transmission. Fig 3.2 displays the CAN arbitration process that is handled automatically by a CAN controller, as node B's recessive bit is Fig 3.3(b): Extended Frame: 29-Bit Identifier overwritten by node C’s higher priority dominant bit, B detects that the bus state does not match the bit that IJIRT 102384 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN TECHNOLOGY 296 © June 2015 | IJIRT | Volume 2 Issue 1 | ISSN: 2349-6002 IV. ZIGBEE PROTOCOL including security attributes to set up and a number of business data flow and other functions together. ZigBee is an IEEE 802.15.4 standard for data Application Layer objective is the realization of the communications with business and consumer devices. network communication between different devices, It is designed around low-power consumption applications and settings for access to information allowing batteries to essentially last forever. The services, calls for the application layer protocol to ZigBee standard provides network, security, and provide continuous and discrete control applications application support services operating on top of the and other support.
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