DOCSLIB.ORG

Methodical Instruction for Lectures

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Methodical Instruction for Lectures Ministry of Public Health of Ukraine Ukrainian Medical Stomatological Academy Approved at the meeting of the department Infection diseases and epidemiology «28» August 2019 protocol № 1 from «28» August 2019 the Head of the Department _________ Koval T.I. Methodical Instruction for lectures Study discipline Infectious diseases and epidemiology Module № Infectious diseases and epidemiology Topic Acute respiratory viral infections. Clinical characteristics and prevention of influenza. Course 4 Faculty Stomatological Number of teaching hours: 2 Poltava -2019 1. Scientific and methodological substantiation of the topic. Infectious diseases today remain extremely relevant. In the past decades, previously unknown infections — HIV infection, Lyme disease, campylobacteriosis, SARS, and others — have spread, and the achieved reduction in the incidence of diphtheria and measles has not been maintained. There is an increase in the incidence of viral hepatitis, acute intestinal infectious diseases, tuberculosis among the population of Ukraine and other countries. The clinical manifestations of infectious diseases can be different, often atypical, can lead to hospitalization of the patient in a medical institution of any profile. The ability to recognize infectious pathology, correctly conduct differential diagnosis, prescribe appropriate treatment, ensure that the necessary preventive measures are taken that are necessary for a doctor of any specialty. In our country, the classification of infectious diseases, academician L.V. Gromashevsky, has become most widespread. The classification is based on the principle of the predominant localization of the pathogen in the body, which is due to a certain transmission mechanism. One of the most important components in the treatment of patients for infectious diseases is inpatient treatment. Infectious Diseases Hospital is a special medical institution, which has a number of structural and functional units in order to ensure effective treatment, examination and isolation of patients. The features of the infectious diseases hospital, which are related to the possibility of transmission of the infection from person to person, determine not only the special structure of the infection departments, but also the particularities of maintaining medical documentation - emergency messages to the epidemiological service institutions and related records, sanitary treatment of patients things, etc. Currently, influenza is the most common infection in the world and is registered on all continents. A feature of this infection is the incredible spread rate - a large place is covered by the disease in 1.5-2 weeks, a large country in 3-4 weeks. During epidemic outbreaks, up to 30-50 people in the affected region are affected, which leads to large epidemic losses. In the calmest years, nearly 30 million people are affected by the flu. Currently, the flu remains an uncontrolled and little controlled infection. The mortality rate of uncomplicated influenza is low and amounts to 0.01-0.2, but it increases sharply in the case of influenza in the elderly and weakened people, especially in those who have chronic heart disease, lungs, and young children. During an influenza epidemic, mortality from cardiovascular, pulmonary diseases always increases. It is estimated that uncomplicated influenza and other respiratory infections take a person’s life for at least 1 year. Annually (according to the WHO), 40 million people are infected with infectious diseases in the world, 90% of them account for ARVI. Each adult on average 2 times a year has the flu, or SARS, a schoolboy - 3 times, a preschooler - 6. In practical medicine, acute respiratory viral infections occupy a special place among other human diseases for another reason. As with other common diseases, an acute respiratory viral infection is often diagnosed without good reason. The error rate for the diagnosis of acute respiratory viral infections is 50%. At the same time, the diagnosis of acute respiratory viral infections can only take place if, during the examination of the patient, the doctor determines the signs of airway impression. However, it must be remembered that not only viruses can cause respiratory syndrome, but also bacteria, mycoplasmas, chlamydia, and rickettsia. 2. The educational goals of the lecture. To analyze the characteristics of infectious diseases, the patterns of the course of the infectious and epidemiological process of various infectious diseases, the principles of their diagnosis, treatment and prevention; types of infectious diseases hospitals, requirements for the territory of infectious diseases hospitals; structural subdivisions, purposes and tasks of the sanitary inspection room, the purpose and components of the boxes and semi-boxes, auxiliary sections, the principles of disinfection in an infectious diseases hospital; principles of preventing nosocomial infection, infection of medical personnel; rules for maintaining medical documentation in the infectious diseases ward; rules for discharge of patients from the infectious diseases hospital; features of infectious diseases, phases of the infectious process, factors that affect its course, the role of immunity in infectious diseases; principles for classifying infectious diseases ; general characteristics of different groups of infectious diseases - intestinal, respiratory, blood, wound infections, infectious diseases with multiple transmission mechanisms. Explain the etiology of influenza and SARS, pathogenicity factors of the pathogen; epidemiology of influenza; pathogenesis, clinical manifestations of influenza, SARS; the period of occurrence and clinical manifestations of complications of influenza, SARS; diagnosis of influenza, SARS; principles of treatment and prevention; categories of people to whom vaccination is shown first; treatment of influenza, indications for the appointment of antibacterial drugs; indications for hospitalization of patients with influenza. Analyze the rules for staying in an infectious diseases hospital and, in particular, near the patient’s bed; collect an epidemiological history, separate the possible ways and factors of infection transmission; decide on the necessity and place of hospitalization of the patient for an infectious disease; draw up and submit the appropriate documentation to the SES; adhere to the rules for discharge of the patient with infection department. Explain the basic rules of work near the bed of a patient with influenza, SARS; to collect a medical history with an assessment of epidemiological data; examine the patient and detect the main symptoms and flu syndromes, substantiate the clinical diagnosis, determine the need for hospitalization in a hospital; conduct differential diagnosis of influenza, SARS; on the basis of a clinical examination, in a timely manner to identify possible complications of influenza, urgent conditions, draw up medical documentation on the fact of the establishment of a previous diagnosis of influenza (emergency report to the district epidemiological department); make a plan for laboratory and additional examination of the patient; interpret the results of a laboratory examination; to draw up an individual treatment plan taking into account the syndromes of the disease, the presence of complications, the severity of the condition, allergic history, concomitant pathology; provide emergency care at the prehospital stage; draw up a plan of anti-epidemic and preventive measures in the focus of infection; give recommendations regarding the regimen, diet, examination, supervision, during the period of convalescence. 3. The goals of the personality development of the future specialist (educational goals), relevant aspects: deontological, environmental, legal, professional responsibility, psychological, ethical, patriotic, etc. 4. Learning outcomes: Autonomy and No. Competence Awareness Skill Communication responsibility Integral Competency 1. Ability to solve typical and complex specialized tasks and practical problems in professional activities in the field of healthcare or in the learning process, which involves research and / or innovation and is characterized by the complexity and uncertainty of conditions and requirements. General competencies 1. Ability for abstract To know the To be able to To establish To be responsible thinking, analysis and methods of analyze appropriate for the timely synthesis. analysis, synthesis information, make links to achieve acquisition of and further informed goals. modern knowledge. modern learning decisions, be able to acquire modern knowledge 2. Ability to learn and master To know current To be able to To establish To be responsible modern knowledge. industry trends analyze appropriate for the timely and analyze them professional links to achieve acquisition of information, make goals. modern knowledge. informed decisions, acquire modern knowledge 3. Ability to apply knowledge To have To be able to solve Clear and Responsible for in practical situations specialized complex issues and unambiguous decision making in conceptual problems arising in reporting of difficult conditions knowledge professional their own acquired in the activities. conclusions, learning process. knowledge and explanations that substantiate them, to specialists and non-specialists. 4. Knowledge and To have deep To be able to carry The ability to To be responsible understanding of the knowledge of the out professional effectively for development, subject area and structure of activities that
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Eponyms in Digestive System Pathology
    Panacea Journal of Medical Sciences 2020;10(2):58–67 Content available at: https://www.ipinnovative.com/open-access-journals Panacea Journal of Medical Sciences Journal homepage: www.ipinnovative.com Review Article Eponyms in digestive system pathology Ahmad Al Malki1, Hassan Al Solami2, Khalid Al Aboud3,*, Wafa Al Joaid3, Saleha Al Asmary4 1Dept. of Surgery, King Faisal Hospital, Makkah, Saudi Arabia 2Dept. of Gastroenterology, King Faisal Hospital, Makkah, Saudi Arabia 3Dept. of Public Health, King Faisal Hospital, Makkah, Saudi Arabia 4Nursing College, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia ARTICLEINFO ABSTRACT Article history: Eponyms are known type of medical terminology. This mini-review provide highlights on some of the Received 04-05-2020 eponyms of the digestive system pathology. Accepted 06-05-2020 Available online 26-08-2020 © 2020 Published by Innovative Publication. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) Keywords: Diseases Eponyms Gastroenterology 1. Introduction An eponym is a person, place, or thing after whom or which someone or something is named. There are several anatomical and pathological eponyms in the digestive systems. 1–4 We have reviewed selected eponyms of the digestive system pathology, and present it in a tabulation form in table.1. 5–41 The remarks surrounding the terms and eponyms in the digestive system are no different from those encountered in medicine in general. We are not interested to mention these are remarks, as these have been discussed extentensively in the medical literature. However, we list few examples. Some of the eponyms are no longer in use.
    [Show full text]
  • Special Activities
    59th Annual International Conference of the Wildlife Disease Association Abstracts & Program May 30 - June 4, 2010 Puerto Iguazú Misiones, Argentina Iguazú, Argentina. 59th Annual International Conference of the Wildlife Disease Association WDA 2010 OFFICERS AND COUNCIL MEMBERS OFFICERS President…………………………….…………………...………..………..Lynn Creekmore Vice-President………………………………...…………………..….Dolores Gavier-Widén Treasurer………………………………………..……..……….….……..…….Laurie Baeten Secretary……………………………………………..………..……………….…Pauline Nol Past President…………………………………………………..………Charles van Riper III COUNCIL MEMBERS AT LARGE Thierry Work Samantha Gibbs Wayne Boardman Christine Kreuder Johnson Kristin Mansfield Colin Gillin STUDENT COUNCIL MEMBER Terra Kelly SECTION CHAIRS Australasian Section…………………………..……………………….......Jenny McLelland European Section……………………..………………………………..……….….Paul Duff Nordic Section………………………..………………………………..………….Erik Ågren Wildlife Veterinarian Section……..…………………………………..…………Colin Gillin JOURNAL EDITOR Jim Mills NEWSLETTER EDITOR Jenny Powers WEBSITE EDITOR Bridget Schuler BUSINESS MANAGER Kay Rose EXECUTIVE MANAGER Ed Addison ii Iguazú, Argentina. 59th Annual International Conference of the Wildlife Disease Association ORGANIZING COMMITTEE Executive President and Press, media and On-site Volunteers Conference Chair publicity Judy Uhart Marcela Uhart Miguel Saggese Marcela Orozco Carlos Sanchez Maria Palamar General Secretary and Flavia Miranda Program Chair Registrations Elizabeth Chang Reissig Pablo Beldomenico Management Patricia Mendoza Hebe Ferreyra
    [Show full text]
  • A Novel Splice Site Indel Alteration in the EIF2AK3 Gene Is Responsible For
    Sümegi et al. BMC Medical Genetics (2020) 21:61 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12881-020-0985-6 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access A novel splice site indel alteration in the EIF2AK3 gene is responsible for the first cases of Wolcott-Rallison syndrome in Hungary Andrea Sümegi1, Zoltán Hendrik2, Tamás Gáll1, Enikő Felszeghy3, Katalin Szakszon3, Péter Antal-Szalmás4, Lívia Beke2, Ágnes Papp3, Gábor Méhes2, József Balla1,5 and György Balla1,3* Abstract Background: Wolcott-Rallison Syndrome (WRS) is a rare autosomal recessive disease that is the most common cause of neonatal diabetes in consanguineous families. WRS is caused by various genetic alterations of the Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 2-Alpha Kinase 3 (EIF2AK3) gene. Methods: Genetic analysis of a consanguineous family where two children were diagnosed with WRS was performed by Sanger sequencing. The altered protein was investigated by in vitro cloning, expression and immunohistochemistry. Results: The first cases in Hungary, − two patients in one family, where the parents were fourth-degree cousins - showed the typical clinical features of WRS: early onset diabetes mellitus with hyperglycemia, growth retardation, infection-induced multiple organ failure. The genetic background of the disease was a novel alteration in the EIF2AK3 gene involving the splice site of exon 11– intron 11–12 boundary: g.53051_53062delinsTG. According to cDNA sequencing this created a new splice site and resulted in a frameshift and the development of an early termination codon at amino acid position 633 (p.Pro627AspfsTer7). Based on in vitro cloning and expression studies, the truncated protein was functionally inactive. Immunohistochemistry revealed that the intact protein was absent in the islets of pancreas, furthermore insulin expressing cells were also dramatically diminished.
    [Show full text]
  • Table I. Genodermatoses with Known Gene Defects 92 Pulkkinen
    92 Pulkkinen, Ringpfeil, and Uitto JAM ACAD DERMATOL JULY 2002 Table I. Genodermatoses with known gene defects Reference Disease Mutated gene* Affected protein/function No.† Epidermal fragility disorders DEB COL7A1 Type VII collagen 6 Junctional EB LAMA3, LAMB3, ␣3, ␤3, and ␥2 chains of laminin 5, 6 LAMC2, COL17A1 type XVII collagen EB with pyloric atresia ITGA6, ITGB4 ␣6␤4 Integrin 6 EB with muscular dystrophy PLEC1 Plectin 6 EB simplex KRT5, KRT14 Keratins 5 and 14 46 Ectodermal dysplasia with skin fragility PKP1 Plakophilin 1 47 Hailey-Hailey disease ATP2C1 ATP-dependent calcium transporter 13 Keratinization disorders Epidermolytic hyperkeratosis KRT1, KRT10 Keratins 1 and 10 46 Ichthyosis hystrix KRT1 Keratin 1 48 Epidermolytic PPK KRT9 Keratin 9 46 Nonepidermolytic PPK KRT1, KRT16 Keratins 1 and 16 46 Ichthyosis bullosa of Siemens KRT2e Keratin 2e 46 Pachyonychia congenita, types 1 and 2 KRT6a, KRT6b, KRT16, Keratins 6a, 6b, 16, and 17 46 KRT17 White sponge naevus KRT4, KRT13 Keratins 4 and 13 46 X-linked recessive ichthyosis STS Steroid sulfatase 49 Lamellar ichthyosis TGM1 Transglutaminase 1 50 Mutilating keratoderma with ichthyosis LOR Loricrin 10 Vohwinkel’s syndrome GJB2 Connexin 26 12 PPK with deafness GJB2 Connexin 26 12 Erythrokeratodermia variabilis GJB3, GJB4 Connexins 31 and 30.3 12 Darier disease ATP2A2 ATP-dependent calcium 14 transporter Striate PPK DSP, DSG1 Desmoplakin, desmoglein 1 51, 52 Conradi-Hu¨nermann-Happle syndrome EBP Delta 8-delta 7 sterol isomerase 53 (emopamil binding protein) Mal de Meleda ARS SLURP-1
    [Show full text]
  • Keyword Associations
    Bare Minimum Keyword Associations USMLE & COMLEX Review Northwestern Medical Review [email protected] Northwestern Medical Review PO Box 22174 Lansing, Michigan 48909 www.northwesternmedicalreview.com Copyright © 2015 Northwestern Medical Review eBookit.com and Northwestern Medical Review Second Edition ISBN 978-0-9960-9340-1 All rights reserved. Written, published, and printed in the United States of America. No part of this book may be used, reproduced, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical without written permission from its author or Northwestern Medical Review. All photos adapted from fotolia.com Northwestern Medical Review claims no rights to USMLE or COMLEX USMLE ® National Board of Medical Examiners COMLEX ® National Board of Osteopathic Medical Examiners This book is adapted from the first chapter of Primary Care for the USMLE and COMLEX by Northwestern Medical Review. The full book version is primarily intended to accompany online or live review courses from Northwestern Medical Review. How to use this book This book is adapted from the first chapter of Northwestern Medical Review’s Primary Care for the USMLE and COMLEX book. It contains exceptionally high-yield material found on board exams. The mini-chapters are divided into sections containing commonly tested concepts with keywords that should immediately come to mind while you’re taking your exam. In the back of the book are two additional sections: a Test Your Knowledge section containing questions and answers with explanations from our follow-along lecture workbooks and NMR Question Bank, and a Sample Mnemonics section containing examples of memorable mnemonics from our course material.
    [Show full text]
  • 1015 5 Jan 11 Coleman V2.Pages
    The Armed Forces Institute of Pathology Department of Veterinary Pathology Wednesday Slide Conference 2010-2011 Conference 15 5 January 2011 Conference Moderator: Gary D. Coleman, DVM, PhD, Diplomate ACVP, Diplomate ACVPM CASE I: 09A731 (AFIP 3165087). Signalment: 5.65-year-old, female, Indian macaque (Macaca mulatta). History: Found dead in an outside breeding corral without history of previous illness. Gross Pathology: The animal was dehydrated with evidence of fecal soiling around the anus. Small intestine and colon were distended with fluid and gas. Contents were blood-tinged and foul smelling. Mesenteric lymph nodes were severely enlarged. Laboratory Results: Colonic swab cultures contained Yersinia pseudotuberculosis and Campylobacter coli. Histopathologic Description: Small intestine: Small intestinal mucosa contains multiple to confluent areas of necrosis and hemorrhage that in some areas extend to the muscularis mucosa. Necrotic foci are filled with neutrophils forming microabscesses with dense microcolonies of extracellular bacteria. Scattered hyalinized eosinophilic deposits around crypts and vessels in the lamina propria demonstrate apple green birefringence when stained with Congo red and observed with polarized light. Contributor’s Morphologic Diagnosis: 1. Enteritis, necrohemorrhagic, suppurative, multifocal, severe, with intra- lesion bacterial colonies. Etiology: Yersinia pseudotuberculosis 2. Amyloidosis, secondary, small intestine and mesenteric lymph node (not submitted) Contributor’s Comment: Yersinia pseudotuberculosis is a disease of rodents and birds but has been reported in rabbits, deer, dogs, cats, swine, sheep, goats, chinchillas, horses, non-human primates, man and exotic mammals. In cases where multiple pathogens are isolated, it may be difficult to associate lesions with a specific pathogen. However, necrotizing lesions in the small intestine, obvious bacterial colonization, and severe neutrophilic response are hallmarks of Yersiniosis.1 Three species of Yersinia are pathogenic for humans and non-human primates: Y.
    [Show full text]
  • Kaplan-Pathology-2006.Pdf
    Pathology • US:MLEStep ·1 Pathology Lecture Notes. 2006-2007 Edition 'USMLE is a joint program of the Federation of State Medical Boards of the United States, Inc. and the National Board of Medical Examiners. ,~r-.,,·, " j. ;1 ',-: ~.'. ~" " " ©2006 Kaplan, Inc, - ":~ All tights r~seryed" No part <;>fthisbook may be reproduced in any form, by photostat, midofiliri, xe1=ographyor ariy othermeans, or incorporated into any information retrieval system, electronic or mechanical, without the written permission of Kaplan, Inc. Not for resale. Author John Barone, M.D. Anatomic and Clinical Pathologist Beverly Hills, CA Contributors Director of Curriculum ." Earl J. Brown, M.D. Sonia Reichert, M.D. Associate Professor Department of Pathology Editorial Director James H. Quillen College of Medicine Kathlyn McGreevy East Tennessee State University Chief of Hematopathology Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Service Production Artist/Manager James H. Quillen Veterans Affairs Medical Center Michael Wolff Mountain Home, TN Medical Illustrators William DePond, M.D. Christine Schaar Associate Professor, University of Missouri/Kansas City Lisa DiPetto Vice Chairman, Department of Pathology Truman Medical Center Kansas City, MO Production Editor William Ng Pier Luigi Di Patre, M.D., Ph.D. Neuropathologist Cover Design Institute of Neuropathology Joanna Myllo University Hospital of Zurich Zurich, Switzerland Cover Art Elissa Levy,M.D. Christine Schaar Kaplan Medical Michael S. Manley, M.D. Department of Neurosciences University of California, San Diego Director,
    [Show full text]
  • Pdf 10.1371/Journal.Pone.0006883 34
    Peer-Reviewed Journal Tracking and Analyzing Disease Trends Pages 1941–2136 EDITOR-IN-CHIEF D. Peter Drotman Associate Editors EDITORIAL BOARD Paul Arguin, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Timothy Barrett, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Charles Ben Beard, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA Barry J. Beaty, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA Ermias Belay, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Martin J. Blaser, New York, New York, USA David Bell, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Richard Bradbury, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Christopher Braden, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Sharon Bloom, Atlanta, GA, USA Arturo Casadevall, New York, New York, USA Mary Brandt, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Kenneth C. Castro, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Corrie Brown, Athens, Georgia, USA Benjamin J. Cowling, Hong Kong, China Charles Calisher, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA Vincent Deubel, Shanghai, China Michel Drancourt, Marseille, France Isaac Chun-Hai Fung, Statesboro, Georgia, USA Paul V. Effler, Perth, Australia Kathleen Gensheimer, College Park, Maryland, USA Anthony Fiore, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Duane J. Gubler, Singapore David Freedman, Birmingham, Alabama, USA Richard L. Guerrant, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA Peter Gerner-Smidt, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Scott Halstead, Arlington, Virginia, USA Stephen Hadler, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Katrina Hedberg, Portland, Oregon, USA Matthew Kuehnert, Atlanta, Georgia, USA David L. Heymann, London, UK Keith Klugman, Seattle, Washington, USA Nina Marano, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Takeshi Kurata, Tokyo, Japan Martin I. Meltzer, Atlanta, Georgia, USA S.K. Lam, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia David Morens, Bethesda, Maryland, USA Stuart Levy, Boston, Massachusetts, USA J. Glenn Morris, Gainesville, Florida, USA John S. MacKenzie, Perth, Australia Patrice Nordmann, Fribourg, Switzerland John E. McGowan, Jr., Atlanta, Georgia, USA Didier Raoult, Marseille, France Jennifer H. McQuiston, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Pierre Rollin, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Tom Marrie, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada Frank Sorvillo, Los Angeles, California, USA Nkuchia M.
    [Show full text]
  • Pathology.Pre-Test.Pdf
    Pathology PreTestTMSelf-Assessment and Review Notice Medicine is an ever-changing science. As new research and clinical experience broaden our knowledge, changes in treatment and drug therapy are required. The authors and the publisher of this work have checked with sources believed to be reliable in their efforts to provide information that is complete and generally in accord with the standards accepted at the time of publication. However, in view of the possibility of human error or changes in medical sciences, neither the authors nor the publisher nor any other party who has been involved in the preparation or publication of this work warrants that the information contained herein is in every respect accurate or complete, and they disclaim all responsibility for any errors or omissions or for the results obtained from use of the information contained in this work. Readers are encouraged to confirm the information contained herein with other sources. For example, and in particular, readers are advised to check the product information sheet included in the package of each drug they plan to administer to be certain that the information contained in this work is accurate and that changes have not been made in the recommended dose or in the contraindications for administration. This recommendation is of particular importance in connection with new or infrequently used drugs. Pathology PreTestTMSelf-Assessment and Review Twelfth Edition Earl J. Brown, MD Associate Professor Department of Pathology Quillen College of Medicine Johnson City, Tennessee New York Chicago San Francisco Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan New Delhi San Juan Seoul Singapore Sydney Toronto Copyright © 2007 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
    [Show full text]
  • Fundamental Liver Pathology Part 1
    Fundamental Liver Pathology Part 1 Diana Cardona, MD June 15, 2011 Course Objectives • 1. Recall normal liver anatomy and histology. • 2. Understand basic terminology/definitions. • Apoptosis, cholestasis, limiting plate, interface hepatitis, micro- versus macro-vesicular steatosis, steatohepatitis, balloon cell, Mallory body, lobular hepatitis, bridging fibrosis, nodular transformation, ground glass hepatocytes, iron accumulation, PASD resistant globules, portal tract, portal hepatitis, jaundice • 3. Understand the general patterns of injury, repair and fibrosis. • Acute versus Chronic • Hepatocellular, Biliary, Vascular • 4. Exposure to common liver tumors. • Benign and malignant Normal Liver Anatomy Adult weight: 1400-1600 g Lobes: Right Left Caudate Quadrate Normal Liver Anatomy Blood Supply: Portal Vein Hepatic Artery - Along with the Common Bile Duct, they enter through the hilum - Branches of these structures travel within portal tracts Portal Tract Constituents: • Bile duct • Portal vein • Hepatic artery • Limiting plate • (Interface) Microscopic Liver Anatomy Blood Bile Portal Tract Lobular Architecture • Hepatocytes arranged in thin plates/cords (1-2 PT cells thick). • Sinusoidal spaces lined by endothelial cells and filled with blood, Kupffer cells and stellate cells. • Bile is excreted from hepatocytes into bile canaliculi canals of Hering bile ducts CV Definitions Portal Hepatitis Interface Hepatitis Definitions Macrovesicular Microvesicular Steatosis Steatosis Definitions Balloon Cells with Acidophil Body Mallory Bodies
    [Show full text]
  • Association of Autoimmune Hepatitis and Systemic Lupus Erythematous
    Open Journal of Clinical & Medical Volume 4 (2018) Issue 20 Case Reports ISSN 2379-1039 Association of autoimmune hepatitis and systemic lupus erythematous: A case report and review of the literature Charelle Salem; Elie Makhoul; Tony El Murr* *Tony El Murr Department of Internal Medicine, Middle east institute of health, Lebanese University, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese university, Hadath, Lebanon Phone: (961) 334-7473; Email: [email protected] Abstract Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a autoimmune disease of the liver causing an necroinlammatory processus with an unknown etiology. Systemic lupus erythematous (SLE) is a autoimmune disease of unknown etiology, with chroinic inlammation affecting multiple organs including the liver, kidney, and CNS [1]. AIH has been considered to occur infrequently in SLE. We report a 42 year old female patient with an overlap syndrome involving Autoimmune Hepatitis (AIH) and Systemic Lupus Erythematous (SLE). The patient presented with jaundice, arthralgias, fatigue, jaundice, mild fever, and abdominal disconfort. Laboratory tests revealed severe liver dysfunction, a positive ANA/anti-dsDNA test. A liver biopsy showed acute hepatitis with severe inlammatory activity that goes with autoimmune hepatitis. The patient satisied the international criteria for both SLE and AIH. Clinical symptoms and laboratory indings of SLE improved with appropriate treatment by corticosteroids and azathioprine, and remission of the liver disease was achieved as well. Keywords hepatitis; liver; kidney; jaundice; mild fever Introduction Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune inlammatory disorder that involves multiple systems such as kidneys, skin and the central nervous system. Liver involvement is seen in up to 60% of SLE patients [2] Autoimmune Hepatitis (AIH) is also an autoimmune disease causing a necroinlammatory liver disease.
    [Show full text]
  • At Pathological Anatomy Department with Sectional Course Protocol № 1 27.08.2020 Y
    UKRAINE MINISTRY OF HEALTHCARE UKRAINIAN MEDICAL STOMATOLOGICAL ACADEMY “CONCORDATED“ at pathological anatomy department with sectional course Protocol № 1 27.08.2020 y. Head of the department, prof.Starchenko I.I. Methodical recommendations for 2nd level (a master's degree) specialist’s independent work during practical class preparing Сlassroom discipline Pathomorphology Module 2 Systemic pathological anatomy Тheme Diseases of the liver and pancreas: hepatitis, hepatosis, pancreatitis. Course 3 Department Foreign student’s training department Dentistry Poltava 2020 0 1. Relevance of the topic: Liver diseases are common. Due to the widespread prevalence of hepatosis and hepatitis, knowledge of the pathomorphology of these diseases is important for dentists. Knowledge of the pathomorphology of these diseases, together with clinical signs, allows a more differentiated approach to the diagnosis of the disease, to be determined in treatment tactics and to anticipate complications and consequences. 2. Specific goals: • Define the concept of "hepatosis", "hepatitis". • Classification of hepatosis. • Know the name and etiology of acute hepatosis. • Describe the macroscopic signs of acute hepatosis at different stages. • Describe the macroscopic changes in the liver in acute hepatosis in different stages. • Describe the macroscopic changes in the liver in acute hepatosis at different stages. • Know the consequences of acute hepatosis. • Know the etiological factors of chronic hepatosis. • Know the macro- and microscopic manifestations of fatty liver. • Determine the consequences of chronic hepatosis. • Give a definition of the concept of "hepatitis". • Etiology of hepatitis. • Know the features of the pathomorphology of viral hepatitis A. • Know the features of the pathomorphology of viral hepatitis B. • Know the complications and consequences of hepatitis.
    [Show full text]