General Pathology Lectures
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Modelling of Red Blood Cell Morphological and Deformability Changes During In-Vitro Storage
applied sciences Article Modelling of Red Blood Cell Morphological and Deformability Changes during In-Vitro Storage Nadeeshani Geekiyanage 1 , Emilie Sauret 1,*, Suvash Saha 2 , Robert Flower 3 and YuanTong Gu 1 1 School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane City, QLD 4000, Australia; [email protected] (N.G.); [email protected] (Y.G.) 2 School of Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia; [email protected] 3 Research and Development, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 28 February 2020; Accepted: 27 April 2020; Published: 4 May 2020 Featured Application: Red blood cell (RBC) storage lesion is a critical issue facing transfusion treatments, and significant changes in RBC morphology and deformability are observed due to the storage lesion. RBCs require high deformability to sustain in-vivo circulation, and impaired deformability leads to several post-transfusion adverse outcomes. Therefore, improved understanding of the interrelation between the morphological and deformability changes and the quality and viability of the stored RBCs is essential to prevent or reduce the transfusion related adverse outcomes. To support this requisite, the influence on RBC deformability due to several aspects of the storage lesion, namely, the changes in cell morphology, surface area and volume, RBC membrane biomechanics, and cytoskeletal structural integrity are explored numerically in this study. Abstract: Storage lesion is a critical issue facing transfusion treatments, and it adversely affects the quality and viability of stored red blood cells (RBCs). -
Eponyms in Digestive System Pathology
Panacea Journal of Medical Sciences 2020;10(2):58–67 Content available at: https://www.ipinnovative.com/open-access-journals Panacea Journal of Medical Sciences Journal homepage: www.ipinnovative.com Review Article Eponyms in digestive system pathology Ahmad Al Malki1, Hassan Al Solami2, Khalid Al Aboud3,*, Wafa Al Joaid3, Saleha Al Asmary4 1Dept. of Surgery, King Faisal Hospital, Makkah, Saudi Arabia 2Dept. of Gastroenterology, King Faisal Hospital, Makkah, Saudi Arabia 3Dept. of Public Health, King Faisal Hospital, Makkah, Saudi Arabia 4Nursing College, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia ARTICLEINFO ABSTRACT Article history: Eponyms are known type of medical terminology. This mini-review provide highlights on some of the Received 04-05-2020 eponyms of the digestive system pathology. Accepted 06-05-2020 Available online 26-08-2020 © 2020 Published by Innovative Publication. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) Keywords: Diseases Eponyms Gastroenterology 1. Introduction An eponym is a person, place, or thing after whom or which someone or something is named. There are several anatomical and pathological eponyms in the digestive systems. 1–4 We have reviewed selected eponyms of the digestive system pathology, and present it in a tabulation form in table.1. 5–41 The remarks surrounding the terms and eponyms in the digestive system are no different from those encountered in medicine in general. We are not interested to mention these are remarks, as these have been discussed extentensively in the medical literature. However, we list few examples. Some of the eponyms are no longer in use. -
Special Activities
59th Annual International Conference of the Wildlife Disease Association Abstracts & Program May 30 - June 4, 2010 Puerto Iguazú Misiones, Argentina Iguazú, Argentina. 59th Annual International Conference of the Wildlife Disease Association WDA 2010 OFFICERS AND COUNCIL MEMBERS OFFICERS President…………………………….…………………...………..………..Lynn Creekmore Vice-President………………………………...…………………..….Dolores Gavier-Widén Treasurer………………………………………..……..……….….……..…….Laurie Baeten Secretary……………………………………………..………..……………….…Pauline Nol Past President…………………………………………………..………Charles van Riper III COUNCIL MEMBERS AT LARGE Thierry Work Samantha Gibbs Wayne Boardman Christine Kreuder Johnson Kristin Mansfield Colin Gillin STUDENT COUNCIL MEMBER Terra Kelly SECTION CHAIRS Australasian Section…………………………..……………………….......Jenny McLelland European Section……………………..………………………………..……….….Paul Duff Nordic Section………………………..………………………………..………….Erik Ågren Wildlife Veterinarian Section……..…………………………………..…………Colin Gillin JOURNAL EDITOR Jim Mills NEWSLETTER EDITOR Jenny Powers WEBSITE EDITOR Bridget Schuler BUSINESS MANAGER Kay Rose EXECUTIVE MANAGER Ed Addison ii Iguazú, Argentina. 59th Annual International Conference of the Wildlife Disease Association ORGANIZING COMMITTEE Executive President and Press, media and On-site Volunteers Conference Chair publicity Judy Uhart Marcela Uhart Miguel Saggese Marcela Orozco Carlos Sanchez Maria Palamar General Secretary and Flavia Miranda Program Chair Registrations Elizabeth Chang Reissig Pablo Beldomenico Management Patricia Mendoza Hebe Ferreyra -
Morphological Study of Human Blood for Different Diseases
Research Article ISSN: 2574 -1241 DOI: 10.26717/BJSTR.2020.30.004893 Morphological Study of Human Blood for Different Diseases Muzafar Shah1*, Haseena1, Kainat1, Noor Shaba1, Sania1, Sadia1, Akhtar Rasool2, Fazal Akbar2 and Muhammad Israr3 1Centre for Animal Sciences & Fisheries, University of Swat, Pakistan 2Centre for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Pakistan 3Department of Forensic Sciences, University of Swat, Pakistan *Corresponding author: Muzafar Shah, Centre for Animal Sciences & Fisheries, University of Swat, Pakistan ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Received: August 25, 2020 The aim of our study was the screening of blood cells on the basis of morphology for different diseased with Morphogenetic characters I e. ear lobe attachment, clinodactyly Published: September 07, 2020 and tongue rolling. For this purpose, 318 blood samples were collected randomly. Samples were examined under the compound microscopic by using 100x with standard Citation: Muzafar Shah, Haseena, method. The results show 63 samples were found normal while in 255 samples, different Kainat, Noor Shaba, Sania, Sadia, et al. types of morphological changes were observed which was 68.5%, in which Bite cell 36%, Morphological Study of Human Blood for Elliptocyte 34%, Tear drop cell 30%, Schistocyte 26%, Hypochromic cell 22.5%, Irregular Different Diseases. Biomed J Sci & Tech Res contracted cell 16%, Echinocytes 15.5%, Roleaux 8%, Boat shape 6.5%, Sickle cell 5%, Keratocyte 4% and Acanthocytes 1.5%. During the screening of slides, bite cell, elliptocyte, tear drop cell, schistocytes, hypochromic cell, irregular contracted cells were found 30(1)-2020.Keywords: BJSTR.Human MS.ID.004893. blood; Diseases; frequently while echinocytes, boat shape cell, acanthocytes, sickle cells and keratocytes Morphological; Acanthocytes; Keratocyte were found rarely. -
Complete Blood Count in Primary Care
Complete Blood Count in Primary Care bpac nz better medicine Editorial Team bpacnz Tony Fraser 10 George Street Professor Murray Tilyard PO Box 6032, Dunedin Clinical Advisory Group phone 03 477 5418 Dr Dave Colquhoun Michele Cray free fax 0800 bpac nz Dr Rosemary Ikram www.bpac.org.nz Dr Peter Jensen Dr Cam Kyle Dr Chris Leathart Dr Lynn McBain Associate Professor Jim Reid Dr David Reith Professor Murray Tilyard Programme Development Team Noni Allison Rachael Clarke Rebecca Didham Terry Ehau Peter Ellison Dr Malcolm Kendall-Smith Dr Anne Marie Tangney Dr Trevor Walker Dr Sharyn Willis Dave Woods Report Development Team Justine Broadley Todd Gillies Lana Johnson Web Gordon Smith Design Michael Crawford Management and Administration Kaye Baldwin Tony Fraser Kyla Letman Professor Murray Tilyard Distribution Zane Lindon Lyn Thomlinson Colleen Witchall All information is intended for use by competent health care professionals and should be utilised in conjunction with © May 2008 pertinent clinical data. Contents Key points/purpose 2 Introduction 2 Background ▪ Haematopoiesis - Cell development 3 ▪ Limitations of reference ranges for the CBC 4 ▪ Borderline abnormal results must be interpreted in clinical context 4 ▪ History and clinical examination 4 White Cells ▪ Neutrophils 5 ▪ Lymphocytes 9 ▪ Monocytes 11 ▪ Basophils 12 ▪ Eosinophils 12 ▪ Platelets 13 Haemoglobin and red cell indices ▪ Low haemoglobin 15 ▪ Microcytic anaemia 15 ▪ Normocytic anaemia 16 ▪ Macrocytic anaemia 17 ▪ High haemoglobin 17 ▪ Other red cell indices 18 Summary Table 19 Glossary 20 This resource is a consensus document, developed with haematology and general practice input. We would like to thank: Dr Liam Fernyhough, Haematologist, Canterbury Health Laboratories Dr Chris Leathart, GP, Christchurch Dr Edward Theakston, Haematologist, Diagnostic Medlab Ltd We would like to acknowledge their advice, expertise and valuable feedback on this document. -
Distribution of Bronchial Gland Measurements in a Jamaican Population
Thorax: first published as 10.1136/thx.24.5.619 on 1 September 1969. Downloaded from Thorax (1969), 24, 619. Distribution of bronchial gland measurements in a Jamaican population J. A. HAYES1 From the Pathology Department, University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica Measurements of the gland thickness and Reid index have been made on bronchi obtained at necropsy on 53 male and 52 female Jamaicans. The mean values for the Reid index and mucous gland thickness obtained were 0-314 and 0O192 mm. for males, and 0-302 and 0l170 mm. for females respectively. No significant increase in value was seen with age, although the data suggest this trend. The results have been compared with data published from Montreal and the same overall Gaussian distribution is seen. This supports the suggestion that the gland measurements in non-bronchitic and bronchitic subjects do- not fall into two distinct groups but are part of a continuous distribution. The similarity of the two studies is also of interest as the populations are drawn from two distinct environments, one from a non-industrialized tropical island, the other from a large city in the northern hemisphere. Bronchial mucous gland enlargement is usually The existing evidence, therefore, indicates that associated with the consistent production of atmospheric pollution is connected with enlarge- copyright. mucoid sputum in chronic bronchitis (Reid, 1958). ment of bronchial mucous glands. It was suggested that this mucosal change could Clinical chronic bronchitis is encountered in be recognized by an increase in the ratio of Jamaica, apparently in the absence of atmospheric mucous gland thickness to thickness of the pollution (Walshe and Hayes, 1967). -
A Novel Splice Site Indel Alteration in the EIF2AK3 Gene Is Responsible For
Sümegi et al. BMC Medical Genetics (2020) 21:61 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12881-020-0985-6 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access A novel splice site indel alteration in the EIF2AK3 gene is responsible for the first cases of Wolcott-Rallison syndrome in Hungary Andrea Sümegi1, Zoltán Hendrik2, Tamás Gáll1, Enikő Felszeghy3, Katalin Szakszon3, Péter Antal-Szalmás4, Lívia Beke2, Ágnes Papp3, Gábor Méhes2, József Balla1,5 and György Balla1,3* Abstract Background: Wolcott-Rallison Syndrome (WRS) is a rare autosomal recessive disease that is the most common cause of neonatal diabetes in consanguineous families. WRS is caused by various genetic alterations of the Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 2-Alpha Kinase 3 (EIF2AK3) gene. Methods: Genetic analysis of a consanguineous family where two children were diagnosed with WRS was performed by Sanger sequencing. The altered protein was investigated by in vitro cloning, expression and immunohistochemistry. Results: The first cases in Hungary, − two patients in one family, where the parents were fourth-degree cousins - showed the typical clinical features of WRS: early onset diabetes mellitus with hyperglycemia, growth retardation, infection-induced multiple organ failure. The genetic background of the disease was a novel alteration in the EIF2AK3 gene involving the splice site of exon 11– intron 11–12 boundary: g.53051_53062delinsTG. According to cDNA sequencing this created a new splice site and resulted in a frameshift and the development of an early termination codon at amino acid position 633 (p.Pro627AspfsTer7). Based on in vitro cloning and expression studies, the truncated protein was functionally inactive. Immunohistochemistry revealed that the intact protein was absent in the islets of pancreas, furthermore insulin expressing cells were also dramatically diminished. -
The Influence of Magnetic Fields on Selected Physiological Parameters
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/497990; this version posted December 17, 2018. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 1 The Influence of Magnetic Fields on Selected Physiological 2 Parameters of Blood and Tissues in Mice 3 Hani M. Abdelsalama and Mohammed Elywab 4 a Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University 5 b Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University 6 Running title: Effect of magnetic fields on antioxidants and enzymes 7 Manuscript pages: 19, Figures: 7, Tables: 7. 8 *Corresponding author: 9 Hani M. Abdelsalam 10 Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University Tel.:0020552303252 11 Tel.: +201008051012 E-mail:[email protected] 12 Co-author: 13 Mohammed Elywa E-mail: [email protected] 14 15 Abstract 16 This study aimed to highlight the influence of exposure to different applied magnetic fields (MFs) on 17 SOD, MDA and GSH levels in the liver, LDH and CPK activities in the muscle and γ-aminobutyric acid levels 18 in the brain, as well as some haematological parameters. Adult male albino Swiss mice were divided into 5 19 equal groups (n = 6), the control group (untreated) and four exposure groups that were exposed to MFs of 20, 20 40, 60 and 80 Gauss for 5 min/day for 5 days.: Exposure to MFs induced significant decreases in total GSH 21 levels and SOD activity but a significant increase in MDA levels in the liver. -
Methodical Instruction for Lectures
Ministry of Public Health of Ukraine Ukrainian Medical Stomatological Academy Approved at the meeting of the department Infection diseases and epidemiology «28» August 2019 protocol № 1 from «28» August 2019 the Head of the Department _________ Koval T.I. Methodical Instruction for lectures Study discipline Infectious diseases and epidemiology Module № Infectious diseases and epidemiology Topic Acute respiratory viral infections. Clinical characteristics and prevention of influenza. Course 4 Faculty Stomatological Number of teaching hours: 2 Poltava -2019 1. Scientific and methodological substantiation of the topic. Infectious diseases today remain extremely relevant. In the past decades, previously unknown infections — HIV infection, Lyme disease, campylobacteriosis, SARS, and others — have spread, and the achieved reduction in the incidence of diphtheria and measles has not been maintained. There is an increase in the incidence of viral hepatitis, acute intestinal infectious diseases, tuberculosis among the population of Ukraine and other countries. The clinical manifestations of infectious diseases can be different, often atypical, can lead to hospitalization of the patient in a medical institution of any profile. The ability to recognize infectious pathology, correctly conduct differential diagnosis, prescribe appropriate treatment, ensure that the necessary preventive measures are taken that are necessary for a doctor of any specialty. In our country, the classification of infectious diseases, academician L.V. Gromashevsky, has become most widespread. The classification is based on the principle of the predominant localization of the pathogen in the body, which is due to a certain transmission mechanism. One of the most important components in the treatment of patients for infectious diseases is inpatient treatment. Infectious Diseases Hospital is a special medical institution, which has a number of structural and functional units in order to ensure effective treatment, examination and isolation of patients. -
TOPIC 5 Lab – B: Diagnostic Tools & Therapies – Blood & Lymphatic
TOPIC 5 Lab – B: Diagnostic Tools & Therapies – Blood & Lymphatic Disorders Refer to chapter 17 and selected online sources. Refer to the front cover of Gould & Dyer for normal blood test values. Complete and internet search for videos from reliable sources on blood donations and blood tests. Topic 5 Lab - A: Blood and Lymphatic Disorders You’ll need to refer to an anatomy & physiology textbook or lab manual to complete many of these objectives. Blood Lab Materials Prepared slides of normal blood Prepared slides of specific blood pathologies Models of formed elements Plaque models of formed elements Blood typing model kits Blood Lab Objectives – by the end of this lab, students should be able to: 1. Describe the physical characteristics of blood. 2. Differentiate between the plasma and serum. 3. Identify the formed elements on prepared slides, diagrams and models and state their main functions. You may wish to draw what you see in the space provided. Formed Element Description / Function Drawing Erythrocyte Neutrophil s e t y c Eosinophils o l u n a r Basophils Leukocytes G e Monocytes t y c o l u n Lymphocytes a r g A Thrombocytes 4. Define differential white blood cell count. State the major function and expected range (percentage) of each type of white blood cell in normal blood. WBC Type Function Expected % Neutrophils Eosinophils Basophils Monocytes Lymphocytes 5. Calculation of the differential count? 6. Define and use in proper context: 1. achlorhydria 5. amyloidosis 2. acute leukemia 6. anemia 3. agnogenic myeloid metaplasia 7. autosplenectomy 4. aleukemic leukemia 8. basophilic stippling 9. -
Obstructive Lung Diseases
Obstructive Lung Diseases @pathology434 Objectives: ● Understand that this group of disorders is characterized by an increase in resistance to airflow, owing to partial or complete obstruction at any level of the bronchial/ bronchiolar. ● Know that the major obstructive disorders are chronic bronchitis, emphysema, asthma and bronchiectasis. ● Is aware that the symptom common to all these disorders is "dyspnea" (difficulty in breathing) Chronic bronchitis and emphysema almost always coexists. Important note: During the previous blocks, we noticed some mistakes just before the exam and we didn’t have the time to edit the files. To make sure that all students are aware of any changes, please check out this link before viewing the file to know if there are any additions or changes. The same link will be used for all of our work: Pathology Edit 1 Introduction. There are four disorders in this group: emphysema, chronic bronchitis, asthma, and bronchiectasis. - Emphysema and chronic bronchitis often are clinically grouped together under the name of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). COPD affects more than 10% of the U.S. adult population and is the fourth leading cause of death in this country. What’s the difference between Asthma & COPD? Asthma is reversible, while COPD is irreversible. Before we start with specific diseases we would like to start by talking about amyloidosis, a complication of chronic diseases. (For full information: Robbins p153) Amyloidosis: is a condition in which extracellular deposits of misfolded proteins lead to tissue damage. There are several forms of amyloidosis. Two of them are of interest in our lesson: AA & AL ● AA: This is the one that is increased in chronic inflammation. -
Table I. Genodermatoses with Known Gene Defects 92 Pulkkinen
92 Pulkkinen, Ringpfeil, and Uitto JAM ACAD DERMATOL JULY 2002 Table I. Genodermatoses with known gene defects Reference Disease Mutated gene* Affected protein/function No.† Epidermal fragility disorders DEB COL7A1 Type VII collagen 6 Junctional EB LAMA3, LAMB3, ␣3, 3, and ␥2 chains of laminin 5, 6 LAMC2, COL17A1 type XVII collagen EB with pyloric atresia ITGA6, ITGB4 ␣64 Integrin 6 EB with muscular dystrophy PLEC1 Plectin 6 EB simplex KRT5, KRT14 Keratins 5 and 14 46 Ectodermal dysplasia with skin fragility PKP1 Plakophilin 1 47 Hailey-Hailey disease ATP2C1 ATP-dependent calcium transporter 13 Keratinization disorders Epidermolytic hyperkeratosis KRT1, KRT10 Keratins 1 and 10 46 Ichthyosis hystrix KRT1 Keratin 1 48 Epidermolytic PPK KRT9 Keratin 9 46 Nonepidermolytic PPK KRT1, KRT16 Keratins 1 and 16 46 Ichthyosis bullosa of Siemens KRT2e Keratin 2e 46 Pachyonychia congenita, types 1 and 2 KRT6a, KRT6b, KRT16, Keratins 6a, 6b, 16, and 17 46 KRT17 White sponge naevus KRT4, KRT13 Keratins 4 and 13 46 X-linked recessive ichthyosis STS Steroid sulfatase 49 Lamellar ichthyosis TGM1 Transglutaminase 1 50 Mutilating keratoderma with ichthyosis LOR Loricrin 10 Vohwinkel’s syndrome GJB2 Connexin 26 12 PPK with deafness GJB2 Connexin 26 12 Erythrokeratodermia variabilis GJB3, GJB4 Connexins 31 and 30.3 12 Darier disease ATP2A2 ATP-dependent calcium 14 transporter Striate PPK DSP, DSG1 Desmoplakin, desmoglein 1 51, 52 Conradi-Hu¨nermann-Happle syndrome EBP Delta 8-delta 7 sterol isomerase 53 (emopamil binding protein) Mal de Meleda ARS SLURP-1