Hurricane Ike: Do We Need to Change Our Thinking?
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Texas Hurricane History
Texas Hurricane History David Roth National Weather Service Camp Springs, MD Table of Contents Preface 3 Climatology of Texas Tropical Cyclones 4 List of Texas Hurricanes 8 Tropical Cyclone Records in Texas 11 Hurricanes of the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries 12 Hurricanes of the Eighteenth and Early Nineteenth Centuries 13 Hurricanes of the Late Nineteenth Century 16 The First Indianola Hurricane - 1875 21 Last Indianola Hurricane (1886)- The Storm That Doomed Texas’ Major Port 24 The Great Galveston Hurricane (1900) 29 Hurricanes of the Early Twentieth Century 31 Corpus Christi’s Devastating Hurricane (1919) 38 San Antonio’s Great Flood – 1921 39 Hurricanes of the Late Twentieth Century 48 Hurricanes of the Early Twenty-First Century 68 Acknowledgments 74 Bibliography 75 Preface Every year, about one hundred tropical disturbances roam the open Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea, and Gulf of Mexico. About fifteen of these become tropical depressions, areas of low pressure with closed wind patterns. Of the fifteen, ten become tropical storms, and six become hurricanes. Every five years, one of the hurricanes will become reach category five status, normally in the western Atlantic or western Caribbean. About every fifty years, one of these extremely intense hurricanes will strike the United States, with disastrous consequences. Texas has seen its share of hurricane activity over the many years it has been inhabited. Nearly five hundred years ago, unlucky Spanish explorers learned firsthand what storms along the coast of the Lone Star State were capable of. Despite these setbacks, Spaniards set down roots across Mexico and Texas and started colonies. Galleons filled with gold and other treasures sank to the bottom of the Gulf, off such locations as Padre and Galveston Islands. -
Federal Disaster Assistance After Hurricanes Katrina, Rita, Wilma, Gustav, and Ike
Federal Disaster Assistance After Hurricanes Katrina, Rita, Wilma, Gustav, and Ike Updated February 26, 2019 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R43139 Federal Disaster Assistance After Hurricanes Katrina, Rita, Wilma, Gustav, and Ike Summary This report provides information on federal financial assistance provided to the Gulf States after major disasters were declared in Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Texas in response to the widespread destruction that resulted from Hurricanes Katrina, Rita, and Wilma in 2005 and Hurricanes Gustav and Ike in 2008. Though the storms happened over a decade ago, Congress has remained interested in the types and amounts of federal assistance that were provided to the Gulf Coast for several reasons. This includes how the money has been spent, what resources have been provided to the region, and whether the money has reached the intended people and entities. The financial information is also useful for congressional oversight of the federal programs provided in response to the storms. It gives Congress a general idea of the federal assets that are needed and can be brought to bear when catastrophic disasters take place in the United States. Finally, the financial information from the storms can help frame the congressional debate concerning federal assistance for current and future disasters. The financial information for the 2005 and 2008 Gulf Coast storms is provided in two sections of this report: 1. Table 1 of Section I summarizes disaster assistance supplemental appropriations enacted into public law primarily for the needs associated with the five hurricanes, with the information categorized by federal department and agency; and 2. -
Differential Social Vulnerability and Response to Hurricane Dolly Across
Differential social vulnerability and response to Hurricane Dolly across the US-Mexico border Isabelle Ruin (NCAR), Cedar League (UCCS), Mary Hayden (NCAR), Barry Goldsmith (NWS), and Jeral Estupiñán (NWS) Introduction Loss reduction of life and property from flooding in the aftermath of hurricanes is dependent not only on adequate preparation and lead time, but also on effective warning dissemination and, more importantly, public response to the warning. Previous research notes that warnings are geared toward the cultural majority and are less likely to reach those who are most vulnerable – the poor, the elderly, and cultural minorities (Burton et al. 1978, Mileti 1999; Perry and Mushkatel, 1986; Lindell and Perry, 2004, Hayden et al. 2007). Mileti et al. (1975) found that appropriate response to warnings was more likely to occur if the warning could be confirmed by a variety of sources including various agencies, government entities, media, family or friends, thereby assuring those in the warning area of the accuracy of the message. Other factors that may influence an individual’s response to warnings include age, education, gender, previous experience with a hazard, environmental cues, perceived risk, source credibility, and message specificity within the warning (Gruntfest 1987; Tobin and Montz 1997; Lindell and Perry 1992). Hayden et al. (2007) found most people continue to receive warning information from home via television, while the internet also plays a small role. Successful warnings are those that are taken seriously and responded to in a timely and effective manner. Recent studies show that public reliance on “official” warnings from traditional sources may be shifting to more private and informal sources such as The Weather Channel and the internet (Baker, l995; Dow and Cutter, 1998; Drabek, 2001). -
Hurricane Ike Prepared by the U.S
Impact Report SPECIAL NEEDS POPULATIONS IMPACT ASSESSMENT SOURCE DOCUMENT Emergency Support Function #14 Long Term Community Recovery Hurricane Ike Prepared by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security Office for Civil Rights and Civil Liberties October 2008 About This Impact Assessment The following Impact Assessment examines the long term community recovery needs facing special needs populations affected by Hurricane Ike. It was prepared by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security's Office for Civil Rights and Civil Liberties, utilizing the insights of state, local, and nongovernmental organizations representing special needs populations in East Texas. The Impact Assessment was submitted to FEMA's Long Term Community Recovery Branch (Emergency Support Function 14) in October 2008. This Impact Assessment served as the source document for considerations related to special needs populations contained within "Hurricane Ike Impact Report," issued in December 2008. The document may be accessed at http://www.disabilitypreparedness.gov. For questions related to this Impact Assessment, contact Brian Parsons at [email protected]. Table of Contents I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................ 4 II. DEFINITION OF SPECIAL NEEDS POPULATIONS .................................................... 5 III. PROFILE OF SPECIAL NEEDS POPULATIONS WITHIN THE HURRICANE IKE IMPACT AREA............................................................................................................... -
Hurricane Season Just Getting Started
Contact For Immediate Release Mark Hanna August 1, 2013 (512) 326-7616 Hurricane Season Just Getting Started Just four named storms make up the 2013 hurricane season thus far. Despite projections of a higher than average number of storms and hurricanes this summer, no hurricanes have formed and short term forecasts don’t call for any tropical storm formations. But a spokesman for the National Weather Service says the hurricane season has actually been more active this year than average and the season is just getting started. “We are still a long way from our peak season for hurricanes which is late August and September, so a lot can happen between now and then,” said Dan Reilly, warning coordination meteorologist with the National Weather Service Office in League City. “On average, we usually have had only two named storms by this time, so we are actually above normal by that measure. We'd expect the hurricane activity to start picking up as we go through August and September.” The tropical storms that have formed this year have been Andrea, Barry, Chantal and Dorian. Tropical Storm Andrea drenched the entire east coast once it made landfall June 6. Tropical Storm Barry plowed into Mexico’s gulf coast on June 20, while Tropical Storms Chantal and Dorian fizzled out in the Caribbean in July. It’s been almost five years since a hurricane has struck Texas. Hurricanes Ike and Dolly along with Tropical Storm Edouard all struck Texas in 2008. Hurricane Ike was the costliest storm in Texas history with $12 billion in insured losses. -
Consolidated Report
Sources: ✓ Big Storms Leave Small Marks on the U.S. Economy - Studies show business slows during and after hurricanes hit, but rebuilding leads to a boost in economic activity. ✓ We Looked Into The Effects Of Hurricane Harvey And Here's What We Found - The Effects Of Hurricane Harvey. ✓ Hurricane Harvey could be the costliest natural disaster in US history: here's how we'll know the true cost. – Cost of Harvey. ✓ Hurricane Harvey Facts, Damage and Costs What Made Harvey So Devastating – Facts and damages that made Harvey devastating. ✓ What Harvey taught us: lessons from the energy industry – Harvey’s effect on energy industry. ✓ House Committee on Energy and Commerce: The 2017 Hurricane Season: A Review of Emergency Response and Energy Infrastructure Recovery Efforts. ✓ American Oil Chemist Society: Lessons Learned from Hurricane Harvey. ✓ Eye of the Storm: Rebuild Texas. ✓ Houston and Hurricane Harvey: A call to Action. ✓ Hurricane Harvey Event Recap Report. ✓ North American Electric Reliability Corporation: Hurricane Harvey Event Analysis Report. ✓ Texas Comptroller of Public Accounts: Hurricane Harvey and the Texas Economy. Title: The 2017 Hurricane Season: A Review of Emergency Response and Energy Infrastructure Recovery Efforts Author: American Fuel & Petrochemical Manufacturers Significant Report Findings (include page number): ● Harvey forced 24 refineries representing 25% of U.S. refining capacity to shut down or run at reduced rates. Just two weeks later, refiners were almost fully operational and those still down or in the process of restarting were working to resume operations. (p. 1) ● The impact on the U.S. petrochemical industry was even more pronounced- -at its height the hurricane impacted nearly 60% of U.S. -
A Sure Presence
A Sure Presence The American Red Cross Response to Hurricanes in 2008 A Message From the President and CEO The 2008 hurricane season was one of the most destructive and costliest seasons in history. Eight named storms struck the U.S. coast, with powerful winds and surging floodwaters forcing millions of residents to abandon their homes and cherished possessions. Your generosity enabled the American Red Cross to help them with shelter, food and other essentials. As we prepare for the 2009 hurricane season, which begins June 1, we want to acknowledge the generous individuals, corporations and foundations that supported our emergency response this past year. We have prepared this report to let you know how your dollars made a difference. Not long after the back-to-back onslaughts of Hurricanes Gustav and Ike last September, I traveled to Texas to witness the amazing work of the Red Cross. In response to the eight named storms, more than 26,000 Red Cross employees and volunteers deployed to help those affected by the storms. Thanks to your support, the Red Cross provided relief and replenished spirits by— Opening more than 1,000 shelters and providing more than 497,000 overnight stays. Serving more than 16 million meals and snacks to first responders and affected residents. Offering more than 54,000 mental health contacts. Distributing more than 232,000 clean-up and comfort kits. Partnering with the more than 100 government representatives stationed in various local, state and federal emergency operation centers. A humanitarian relief effort of this magnitude was a beautiful thing to behold, and it would not have been possible without you. -
Hurricane Ike—A Powerful and Costly Storm Hits Texas [Insurance
GLOBAL INSURANCE GROUP News Concerning ALERT Recent Insurance Coverage Issues SEPTEMBER 15, 2008 HURRICANE IKE—A POWERFUL AND COSTLY STORM HITS TEXAS Joseph A. Ziemianski, Esquire • 832.214.3920 • [email protected] Alicia G. Curran, Esquire • 214.462.3021 • [email protected] lose on the heels of Hurricanes Gustav and Hannah, inundated some intersections and highways. Recently, news Hurricane Ike made landfall as a Category 2 storm at sources report that Houston’s police chief announced a C Galveston, Texas, on September 13 at 2:10 a.m. CST. A weeklong, citywide curfew from 9 p.m. until 6 a.m. through large storm, Ike reportedly was 550 miles wide, slamming a Saturday, September 20. wide stretch of coastline along Texas and Louisiana with winds Preliminary reports indicated that the Texas refineries did not exceeding 110 mph and 15 foot maximum storm surge at sustain significant flooding or other damage. However, it has Port Arthur, before it weakened to a tropical storm as it made also been reported that flooding may have damaged three its way over eastern Texas to western Arkansas. By Monday Louisiana refineries. Flyover inspections indicate that the morning, September 15th, the remnants of the storm had hurricane destroyed at least ten off-shore production platforms moved across the eastern Great Lakes, resulting in damaging and damaged several pipelines in the Gulf. In addition, many winds and flooding as far north as Chicago, Illinois and oil production sites and refineries in both Texas and Louisiana, Cleveland, Ohio. shuttered in anticipation of Ike, remain off-line due to power At this early stage, emergency crews are mobilizing and adjusters outages and flooding. -
The TCEQ's Response to Hurricane
Kelly Cook, Homeland Security Coordinator Texas Commission on Environmental Quality Discussion on Agency progress for hurricane preparedness, lessons learned, and a look back on Hurricane Ike PROGRESS FOR HURRICANE PREPAREDNESS Texas Division of Emergency Management (TDEM): Texas Homeland Security Strategic Plan/Emergency Management Plan New Hurricane Response Plan PROGRESS FOR HURRICANE PREPAREDNESS New TDEM Rapid Response Force TDEM created a 4-pronged State Rapid Response Task Force to support multiple impacted areas. TCEQ is a participating state agency on all 4 teams. The Rapid Response Task Force will include (1 “Heavy” and 3 “Light” Teams) to support different areas impacted. The teams are staged as follows: Heavy Team Team Texas: Largest Team, staged from San Antonio Light Teams Team Dallas: staged from Dallas/Fort Worth area Team Waco: staged from Waco Team Austin: staged from Austin PROGRESS FOR HURRICANE PREPAREDNESS TM-TEXAS (HEAVY TEAM) TM-DALLAS LIGHT TEAM TM-WACO LIGHT TEAM TM-AUSTIN Impact LIGHT TEAM Area PRE-LAND FALL RALLY POINTS POST LANDFALL MOVEMENT PROGRESS FOR HURRICANE PREPAREDNESS Texas Commission on Environmental Quality: New Hurricane Continuity of Operations Plan “Hurricane Plan” New Debris Management Plan PROGRESS FOR HURRICANE PREPAREDNESS New TCEQ Incident Support (IS) Teams Once the State Rapid Response Task Force Teams have entered the impacted area and established an operational area under Area/Unified Command, TCEQ Incident Support (IS) Teams may be deployed to support the task force. The make-up of the TCEQ Regional IS teams is as follows: Houston IS Team Dallas IS Team Beaumont IS Team Austin IS Team Corpus Christi IS Team San Antonio IS Team Harlingen IS Team Laredo IS Team Tyler IS Team El Paso IS Team LESSONS LEARNED Texas Commission on Environmental Quality: After Action Review for Hurricanes Dolly and Ike LESSONS LEARNED Incident After Action Review and Lessons learned Carried Forward The TCEQ carried lessons learned from Hurricanes Katrina and Rita into the agency’s response to Hurricanes Dolly and Ike. -
ANNUAL SUMMARY Atlantic Hurricane Season of 2008*
MAY 2010 A N N U A L S U M M A R Y 1975 ANNUAL SUMMARY Atlantic Hurricane Season of 2008* DANIEL P. BROWN,JOHN L. BEVEN,JAMES L. FRANKLIN, AND ERIC S. BLAKE NOAA/NWS/NCEP, National Hurricane Center, Miami, Florida (Manuscript received 27 July 2009, in final form 17 September 2009) ABSTRACT The 2008 Atlantic hurricane season is summarized and the year’s tropical cyclones are described. Sixteen named storms formed in 2008. Of these, eight became hurricanes with five of them strengthening into major hurricanes (category 3 or higher on the Saffir–Simpson hurricane scale). There was also one tropical de- pression that did not attain tropical storm strength. These totals are above the long-term means of 11 named storms, 6 hurricanes, and 2 major hurricanes. The 2008 Atlantic basin tropical cyclones produced significant impacts from the Greater Antilles to the Turks and Caicos Islands as well as along portions of the U.S. Gulf Coast. Hurricanes Gustav, Ike, and Paloma hit Cuba, as did Tropical Storm Fay. Haiti was hit by Gustav and adversely affected by heavy rains from Fay, Ike, and Hanna. Paloma struck the Cayman Islands as a major hurricane, while Omar was a major hurricane when it passed near the northern Leeward Islands. Six con- secutive cyclones hit the United States, including Hurricanes Dolly, Gustav, and Ike. The death toll from the Atlantic tropical cyclones is approximately 750. A verification of National Hurricane Center official forecasts during 2008 is also presented. Official track forecasts set records for accuracy at all lead times from 12 to 120 h, and forecast skill was also at record levels for all lead times. -
Texas Hurricane History
Texas Hurricane History David Roth National Weather Service Camp Springs, MD Table of Contents Preface 3 Climatology of Texas Tropical Cyclones 4 List of Texas Hurricanes 8 Tropical Cyclone Records in Texas 11 Hurricanes of the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries 12 Hurricanes of the Eighteenth and Early Nineteenth Centuries 13 Hurricanes of the Late Nineteenth Century 16 The First Indianola Hurricane - 1875 19 Last Indianola Hurricane (1886)- The Storm That Doomed Texas’ Major Port 22 The Great Galveston Hurricane (1900) 27 Hurricanes of the Early Twentieth Century 29 Corpus Christi’s Devastating Hurricane (1919) 35 San Antonio’s Great Flood – 1921 37 Hurricanes of the Late Twentieth Century 45 Hurricanes of the Early Twenty-First Century 65 Acknowledgments 71 Bibliography 72 Preface Every year, about one hundred tropical disturbances roam the open Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea, and Gulf of Mexico. About fifteen of these become tropical depressions, areas of low pressure with closed wind patterns. Of the fifteen, ten become tropical storms, and six become hurricanes. Every five years, one of the hurricanes will become reach category five status, normally in the western Atlantic or western Caribbean. About every fifty years, one of these extremely intense hurricanes will strike the United States, with disastrous consequences. Texas has seen its share of hurricane activity over the many years it has been inhabited. Nearly five hundred years ago, unlucky Spanish explorers learned firsthand what storms along the coast of the Lone Star State were capable of. Despite these setbacks, Spaniards set down roots across Mexico and Texas and started colonies. Galleons filled with gold and other treasures sank to the bottom of the Gulf, off such locations as Padre and Galveston Islands. -
State of Texas Plan for Disaster Recovery: Hurricane Harvey Amendment No
State of Texas Plan for Disaster Recovery: Hurricane Harvey Amendment No. 4 Published: March 26, 2021 PREPARED BY Public Comment Period: THE TEXAS GENERAL LAND OFFICE March 26 - April 9, 2021 COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT & REVITALIZATION PROGRAM HUD Acknowledge: Section 421 of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2017 (Pub. L. 115-31, approved May 5, 2017) Table of Contents Amendment No. 4 ........................................................................................................................... 4 I. Executive Summary ..................................................................................................................... 5 II. Needs Assessment ...................................................................................................................... 9 A. Cumulative Impact of Prior Disasters .................................................................................... 9 B. Impact of Hurricane Harvey ................................................................................................. 10 C. Resiliency Solutions and Mitigation Needs.......................................................................... 14 D. Demographic Profile of Impacted Counties ......................................................................... 16 E. Low to Moderate Income Analysis ....................................................................................... 18 F. Housing Impact ..................................................................................................................... 18