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Download (4MB) 1046 iQÌ_r_21°_gìgrno=d|l_me||_lunare=delV"Ap r_Lavori_straordinari_per_la=frantumazione_e___ per la raccolta dei rottami ?ietallici=-; Prepa-= razioneefondazione=di "Roma^ a) - 21° giorno del mese lunare dell'Aprile - Di notte: X anta Kalendas maias = nona nottata utile per la visibilità not­ turna (Idus) - Di giorno: Nefastus Parentalis = giorna_ ta di.lavori non obbligatori di pre_ parazione e di riattamento. Note e qualifiche della giornata: - Parilia (Pasti precesarei anziati - Altri Pasti epigrafici - Fasti di Polemio Silvio) - Roma condita (Pasti precesarei anziati - Pasti ceretani) _ Feriae coronatis omnibus (Pasti cereta_ ni - Pasti esquilini) ._ Ignes transiliunt (Fasti prenestini) - Principi^Tanni pastoricii (Pasti pre_ nestini) - Natalis Urbis Romae (Pasti di Polemio Silvio) luì 7 - Natalia Urbis (Fasti filocaliani) - Cobsules ordinarii fasces deponunt (Pasti di Polemio Silvio) - Palilia - Feriae Palis (negli autori) - Initium anni (negli autori) Confronta : OVIDIO, Pasti, 4,721-862 C.I.L/, al giorno MANCINI, al giorno VACCAI : Palilia, 77,78,79,100,250,254 b) - Mentre gli autori sembrano incerti tra la forma wPalilian (da palari = distruggere, frantumare! e "Parilia" (da parare = preparare), pur sono concordi nel ritenere che da questo giorno prende l'avvio un nuovo ciclo annuo (initium anni) anzi,precisamente, l'anno destinato ai lavori di martellatura (initium - WALDB, anni pastoricii da pastinare = battere impa• "pala" (pastinimi) stando )= =, e che tutti vengono segnalati - PROPERZIO,5,4, 75 con premi (coronatis omnibus") perchè in quel giorno si commemora la nascita e la fondazione = C.I.L., del c-entro degli stabilimenti riuniti per le Pasti di Polemio fusioni a getto (Natalis Urbi~s~R~ómae) = Silvio,al giorno Infatti si riteneva che il fonditore a gatto (Rornnlum). preparando il comando del lavo• ro (imperii parentem). avesse incominciato lo impianto (inisse fnndamenfà) del centro degli stabilimenti riuniti (urbis auae) in un giorno - CICERONE, di Aprile, poco dopo il plenilunio (sub iugo De divin.,2 lunae) = = E da quel giorno si contavano gli anni di esercizio di "Roma" (quidem ex Palilibus = = CENSURINO, Unde anni Urbis numérantuT) = De die nat.,17 c) - Al 33° distico del brano, cioè circa a mezzo della trasfigurazione poetica sulle ori• gini di Roma, Ovidio canta: Omnia purgat edax ignis. vitiumque metalli = OVIDIO, Pasti,4,785-786 excoquit = = Cioè : Tutte le cose purifica il fuoco divoratore e spurga via dai metalli ciò che si deve evita_ re (vitiumque metallis excoquit) Evidentemente il poeta, per cantare le pri_ me origini di Roma, faceva centro sulla metal• lurgia e specialmente sulla perfetta spurgatura dei metalli, che si otteneva col cuocere molto (excoquere) e che era stata la grande conquista tecnica, da cui aveva avuto origine Roma. Infatti "Ronmlus" sul "Palatium" con dodi• ci successive lavorazioni (bis sex aves da avere, aperef adipisci) con dodici successive fusioni al crogiuolo (bis sex vultures da pul- tarius = crogiuolo) vinse, nella gara di con• correnza (duellum) "Remus" e la "Rejmria",che, sull'^Aventinus" non andavano oltre alle sei io Ì9 = OVIDIO, fusioni successive (sex aves, sex vnltures) Pasti, 4,813-818 • - PERALI, De fa_ brilibus.XLIII Il poeta, subito dopo aver cantato lo spurgo dei metalli, canta l'acqua e il fuoco, i due primi e contrari germi di tutti gli af• fari (rerum) dell'industria metallurgica, le due forze di natura discordi tra loro (cuncta- rum contraria semina rerum sunt d'io discordes, = OVIDIO, Pasti,4,787-788 ignis et unda, dei) = E canta i padroni (patres), che seppero utilizzare insieme i due discordi elementi (iunxere dementa patres) e calcolarono (puta- runt) utile (optum) atto alla tempera il toccar volta a volta gli "oggetti (corpus) con le fiam• = OVIDIO, me e con l'acqua (aptumque putarunt ignlbus et Pasti,4,789-790 sr»arsa tangere~~cbr pus ' aqùa) = = d) _ Tutto il brano deve essere inteso così, alla luce di questo, che ne è il &u&sm centra• le. "Alma Pales" e "Palilia" significheranno o la distruzione (Pales da palar!) produttiva (alma da alerei o la gara d'appalto (Pales da = Confr. TTtlS% ) per la produzione (alma). = #152 b; 156 b. "Pastoria sacra" e "pastores" e "annus * WALDE, "pala","pastinum" pastoricius" (da pastfnàre) = = indicheran• no la industria delle battiture ricompattatrici ed il ciclo (annus) di quei lavori da farsi, con acqua e con fuoco (festa) per il servizio di pigliamento di ogni officina (officio pio = PERALI, Le origini d* da pi.jus, pijare, pigliare) = Roma, J 64 - OVIDIO Fasti,4,723-724 Si dovranno raccoglier con cura tanto i frantumi elei pezzi di metallo gittati via = Confr. f 101 b (elnerem de vitulo da vitare) = = quaneo i = , = Confr. $250 s contratti (stipulas da s+ipuiari)= =di lavoro = Confr. fabbrile (s t ip u1 as f ab ale 3) = =, perchè #64 c; 66 c gli uni come gli altri eran cose da raccoglie• = OVIDIO, re per alimentare i fuochi (februa casta)= Pasti,4,725-726 - Confr.è 57 a e) - Così le preparazioni (Pafilia da parare) = Confr. è 152 b saranno favorite dalla produttiva (alma)= = disgregazione (Pales) e frantumazione dei vec• chi rottami di metallo, oppure dalla produttiva = Confr. gara d'appalto (Pales da TratA^ )• = (Parilia £él54 b; 156 b poscor. Non poscor frustra si favet alma Pales) = OVIDIO, Pasti,4,721-722 Per tale via l'origine prima di Soma vien riportata nel piano realistico del lavoro me• tallurgico dei rottami metallici proprio da questo suo grande poeta, il quale cantava che l'antica società (civitasl per le fusioni a get• to (fìoma) aveva avuto principio da una fossa scavata nel sodo (fossa fit ad solidum) per met• tervi in deposito sociale (mundus = mons = so• cietà in p_arte cip azione j_ sia i rottami metalli• = Confr. § 40 c i ci = = sia i frutti del risparmio (fruges) sia i titoli di credito fondiario (terra petita = ripartizioni ottenute a ricjiiejta) dei fondi rustici (de solo), che sono sulle strade o bel• = OVIDIO, Pasti,4,821-822 le vicinanze (de vicino terra netita solo)= Così cominciarono a funzionare le nuove = OVIDIO, fucine (et novus accenso fungitur igne focus), Pasti, 4,824- Confr.£ 253 d (de. = con un contratto di società in parteci• functorum). pazione e con uno stanziamento simile a quello che, in antichissima età, stipularono tra loro = DEVOTO, Gli antichi itali_ due gruppi di industriali siderurgici (Osci = ci (Firenze,1931) opici = opifices = =) di Nola e di Avella, 116 - PERALI,Le o_ rigini di Roma, lasciandone il documento nella epigrafe osca £ 127 - Confr. § 86. della Tavola Abellana. f) Queste furono le iniziative (factis) del = Confr. fi 2 q r; 7 a; 83 b; metallurgo (magne da magnano = =) appaltato_ 111 a; 132 b; 139 re (Qui ri ne da quiris, curis = hasta = app_alto) c; 195 c; 227 g; 240 g. Cantava Ovidio: Urbis origo = OVIDIO, venit! Ades factis. magne Quirine. tuisl = Fasti,4,806-807 Cioè: secondo la comune secondo la nuova interpretazione : interpretazione : lei un autre sujet Viene l'origine del se présente au poete: centro degli stabili• la fondation de Rome. menti riuniti (origo Je t'invoque, grand Urbis): Quirinus, car je vais 0 metallurgo appalta• chanter tes exploits. tore (magne quirine), = Trad.BU_ RETTE-PESSONEAUX sii presente alla tua (Paris,1893) grande impresa ! Il metallurgo appaltatore, nell'assumere la direzione (regis) dell'impresa, nel fondare = Confr JÌ il nuovo centro di stabilimenti riuniti (conden• 2 c; 87 c; 93 c; ti urbem), invoca che si dirigano là, tutte in• 151 a; 254 d. sieme e concordi (advertite cuncti = =), le industrie&utilizzanti le forze & toccate* (dei) : l'industria del fuoco puro (Iuppiter), e quella del martello od ariete produttore (genitor Mavors) e quella del fuoco riscaldatore e distributore di energie (Vestaque mater) e con esse tutte le = PBRALI,Le altre industrie esercitanti forze che origini di Roma, j> 64 devono pigliarsi (pium est = =) per adoperar• = OVIDIO, le (quosque pium est adhibere deos) = Fasti,4,827-829 - Confr. $ 254 d La nuova lavorazione (hoc opus) si erigerà potente (surgat) perchè, come esaminatori dei lavori da farsi (aùspicibus da spectio), ci sa• ranno proprio tutte quelle imprese utilizzanti = OVIDIO, forze naturali (aùspicibus vobia hoc inihi surgat Fasti, 4,830 opus) = = Esse - accettando di trasferirsi nel nuovo centro di stabilimenti riuniti (cum condita Roma est) - ordinarono (mssos) che verso/<fil tiOfeo. = Confr.£ 32 Vili /\venissero indirizzati gli acquedotti (lares) = = Cum condita Roma est = OVIDIO, Fasti,4,801-802 transferri iussos in nova tecta lares = Cioè: secondo la comune secondo la nuova interpretazione : interpretazione : Quand Rome fut bàtie Quando s'impiantò il l'ordre fut donné de centro per le fusioni porter les dieux La• a getto (Roma) si die• = Trad. BU- res à leurs nouveaux de l'ordine di condot• RETTB-PESSONNBAUX foyers = tare le acque (tran• (Paris,1893) sferri lares) verso le nuove tettoie da 1053 lavoro (in nova tecta) g) - Se dunque si accetta il significato di "gara_di appalto" per "PaliUa" (daTTQfA^ ) = ConfrJ 105 d e; 156 b = ben si comprenderà il passo di Censori- no sopra.riferito, che dal giorno di quelle ga• re d'appalto (ex Palilibus) si cominciarono a contare gli anni d'esercizio di quel centro di = CENS0RI_ NO,De die nat.,17 stabilimenti riuniti (anni Urbis numerantur) = E risulta ovvio che quel giorno (hic dies), per quel centro di stabilimenti riuniti (Urbi), = WAI.DE, sia stato il primo (primus esse coepit)in cui "moenia","munia", incominciarono gli "obblighi_contrattuali" "munis","munus... (moenibus da munia = moenia) = = come canta• obliegende Lei- stung" - Confr.^ va Properzio: 234 a; 236 b. = PROPERZIO, Urbi festus erat.dixere Palilia patres, OVIDIO^Meta^ll" hic primus coepit moenibus esse dies = 773-775. Cioè: Per il centro degli stabilimenti riuniti (Urbi) quel giorno - poiché i padroni (patres) avevan detto (dixere) alle gare d'appalto (Palilia) - fu giorno di gran lavoro con l'acqua e col fuo• = Confr. £j 12-15 co (festus = =) e cominciò ad essere il pri• mo (coepit esse primus) per le esecuzioni degli obblighi contrattuali (moenibus da moenia = mu• nia) .
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