Virginia Commonwealth University VCU Scholars Compass History Publications Dept. of History 1982 Gabriel's Challenge: Slaves and Crime in Late Eighteenth-Century Virginia Philip J. Schwarz Virginia Commonwealth University,
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[email protected]. OF HISTORY AND BIOGRAPHY VOL. 90 JULY 1982 GABRIEL'S CHALLENGE Slaves and Crime in Late Eighteenth-Century Virginia by PHILIP J. SCHWARZ* IN October 1799 a small but revealing fracas took place in Henrico County, Virginia. Gabriel, a slave who belonged to Thomas Henry Prosser, fought with Absalom Johnson, a white former overseer who had recently begun to rent part of Col. Nathaniel Wilkinson's plantation. The trouble began when Johnson caught Wilkinson's slave Jupiter stealing a hog from that farll).. Solomon, Gabriel's brother and another slave of Prosser's, threatened Johnson. Gabriel did far more. He struggled with Johnson and bit off ira considerable part" of his left ear. Johnson retaliated by bringing all three slaves before the Henrico County Court. 1 On 7 October 1799, five Henrico County justices of oyer and terminer tried Gabriel for the capital crime of maiming Johnson. Charles Copland, a young lawyer, defended Gabriel.