Rockefeller University Digital Commons @ RU

The Rockefeller Institute Quarterly The Rockefeller University Newsletters

12-1957 The Rockefeller Institute Quarterly 1957, vol.1, no. 4 The Rockefeller University

Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.rockefeller.edu/ rockefeller_institute_quarterly

Recommended Citation The Rockefeller University, "The Rockefeller Institute Quarterly 1957, vol.1, no. 4" (1957). The Rockefeller Institute Quarterly. Book 2. http://digitalcommons.rockefeller.edu/rockefeller_institute_quarterly/2

This Book is brought to you for free and open access by the The Rockefeller University Newsletters at Digital Commons @ RU. It has been accepted for inclusion in The Rockefeller Institute Quarterly by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ RU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE ROCKEFELLER

VOLUME 1 NUMBER 4 DECEMBER 1957

LIBRARY OF A SCHOLAR Die Alpen, one of the first works to present mountains to the public as objects of senti- ment and interest rather than of horror. BEQUEATHED TO THE INSTITUTE And before he was ten it is said that he had sketched out a Chaldean grammar! THEBOOKS which he had collected and names in the history of medical science, One of the delights of Dr. Cohn's old treasured throughout his life were be- often in first editions: Celsus, Thomas books, however, is that works from quite queathed by the late Dr. Alfred E. Cohn Bartholinus, G. Borelli, Malpighi, Leu- unexpected sides of well-known men are to the Rockefeller Institute where he spent wenhoek, Richard Lower, Mead, and occasionally included. D'Alembert, for ex- most of his scholarly career. This magnifi- many others. Vesalius and Harvey are rep- ample, the mathematician and philoso- cent collection, numbering about 6,000 resented only by facsimiles, but a magnifi- pher, whom most of us remember for his volumes spanning a wide range and depth cent double crown folio volume of the work on dynamic equilibrium, is repre- of human knowledge will occupy the drawings from Vesalius' work is included sented by a treatise published in I 779 on greater part of the library of Abby Aldrich that is almost as great a treasure as the the theory and practice of music based on Rockefeller Hall. Here they will be avail- 16th century first editions. This limited the style of Rameau. Perhaps it was M. able to our faculty and students and to edition of 430 copies was printed by the d'Alembertls opening sentences that took visiting scientists as a part of the social and New York Academy of Medicine and the Dr. Cohn's fancy, for they express the two- cultural center at the Institute which Abby Library of the University of Munich in fold interest in art and science that char- Aldrich Rockefeller Hall and Caspary Hall I 93 5 from the original woodblocks cut for acterized his own life: "One can consider provide. Vesalius in the early I 6th century by a music either as an Art which has for its The bibliophile in us would devote an student of Titian. They were recently dis- object one of the principle pleasures of the entire issue to the books of special interest covered in the Library of the University of senses or as a science by which that Art is in the library, but this is clearly out of the Munich. reduced to principles. It is the double point question. We will content ourselves with a Dr. Cohn's own interest in cardiovascu- of view from which it is proposed to treat few paragraphs that will to some extent lar research is evident among his rare vol- it in this book." characterize the collection as a whole, umes. Albrecht von Haller, for example, Another mathematician and philoso- mentioning only a few volumes of special the father of experimental physiology, is pher, RenC Descartes, is included, not interest. Roughly Dr. Cohn's books could represented in the collection by a volume only with a first edition of his Principia be divided into three classes : perhaps I 50 of two memoirs, Sur Le Movement du Sang Philosophiae (Amsterdam, I 644) and a old and rare volumes of scientific and med- et Sur les EfFets de la Saignke, published in I 658 edition of the Meditations, but with ical interest, published in the I 6th, I 7th I 756. It is here that we find the first mod- his Treatise on Man and the Formation of and 18th centuries; several times this ern statement that the beat of the heart is the Foetus in an edition of I 677. It was number of works in medical science from intrinsic to its own muscle and not derived here that the founder of analytical geome- the 19th and 20th centuries that were from an external nervous impulse. The try and the enunciator of the dictum more directly connected with his profes- title page and frontispiece of this interest- "cogito ergo sum" set forth his views on sional life; and finally, general works in ing little book are reproduced here. It is man as being an automaton : ". . .it is un- literature, philosophy, history, art, politics, likely that Cohn found Haller especially necessary to conceive in it [the body ma- and those many other subjects that reflect interesting for, like Cohn himself, he not chine] any soul-whether vegetative or the universal interests of that rare individ- only made distinguished contributions to sensitive-or any principle of motion, or ual, a truly cultured man. vascular studies but was something of a of life, than its blood and its spirits agi- Dr. Cohn's rare volumes include some literary figure as well. Mountaineers re- tated by the heat of the fire which burns of the major works of many of the great member Haller as the author of the poem, continually in its heart, and which is in no wise essentially different in nature from Chain of Philosophical Reflexions and .In- Coleman's Ice Ages, Recent and Modern. all the fires which are met with in inani- quiries Concerning the Virtues of Tar The third group of books, of general in- mate bodies." This "fire which burns per- Water, and divers other subjects connected terest, on the other hand contain many petually in the heart" was a topic of the together and arising one from another. surprises and delights. It begins with Dr. times, thanks in large part to the work of Right Rev. Dr. George Berkeley, Lord Cohn's school texts from nearly 60 years Descartes' contemporary in England, Rob- Bishop of Cloyne, London, 1744). Here, ago, his Hall and Knight Higher Algebra, ert Boyle, Several of Boyle's books are in- 90 years later, we find Berkeley still pon- his Ganot's Elements of Natural Philoso- cluded in the Cohn collection. One of dering Boyle's demonstrated connection phy, his Fraser and Squair French Gram- these (New Experiments, Touching the between flame and life but the book is mar, and Goodwin's Greek Grammar, text- Relation betwixt Flame and Air: And par- more noted today as the source of certain books of a scholar's education at the turn ticularly betwixt Air, and the Flamma Vi- important and clarifying modifications of of the century. However, we find that in talis of Animals) reminds us how much his subjective idealism. I 899 he also bought a copy of Ernest Seton three hundred years have added to our The more recent scientific works in the Thompson's Wild Animals I Have Known, knowledge of living phenomena and how Cohn library are neither surprising nar and his rare books include a Greek and little we understand today of Boyle's and bibliographically exceptional and we will Latin edition of Aesop's Fables published Descartes' Flamma Vitalis. not pause long to describe them. A medical in I 685. The thread of animal stories is It is difficult for us to imagine in this man of classical interests, Cohn none-the- still visible in a charming little volume, day of thermonuclear weapons and serious less was interested in thy less conventional The Book of the Bear, Being Twenty-one discussion of manned flights to the moon how bold the New Philosophy of experi- mental science seemed in the days of Fran- cis Bacon and the founders of the Royal DEUX Society. We can scarcely believe that the MEMOIRES men of the Royal Society were severely criticized as an undignified and, in a sense, SUR LE subversive lot. Another volume in Cohn's MOUVEMENT DU SANG, library, Bishop Thomas Spratt's History of ET SUR LES EFFETS DE LA SAIGNEE, the Royal Society published in 1667 in defense of the Society, gives us a glimpse FONDESSUR DES EXPERIENCES Faites rur des Animaux : into these tempestuous times. In his dedi- PAR MONSIEUR cation to Charles 11 (who had given the ALB. DE HALLER, Royal Society its Charter only five years Prqdent a2 In SocietC RoyaIe d.Sciences de earlier) Spratt, in justification of the G~TTINGUE,Membre de PAcadP- worth of the Society's aims and methods, mie Royale der Scimces de P A R I s , LON- DRES, BERLIN,STOKHOLM, gc. observed %@$+

...That a higher degree of Reputation is $:HYWC* due to Discoverers, than to the Teachers *!$a of Speculative Doctrines, nay even to Con- A LAUSANNE, querers themselves. Nor has the true God himself omitted Chez MARGMIC.B o u s QU B T & Comp. Etjwndd PARIS, to show him his value of Vulgar Arts. In Cha D A v I D , Rue & vis-A-vis la Grille dm the whole History of the first monarchs of Mathurins. .> , . . .. the World, from Adam to Noah, there is rhc~MARC-MICl~tiI. BOUSQIXT MDCCLVL no mention of their Wars, or their Vic- tories: All that is recorded is this, They liv'd so many years, and taught their pos- 18th Century Experimental Anatomy-Huller's Memoirs on the Movement of the Blood terity to keep Sheep, to till the Ground, to plant Vineyards, to dwell in Tents, to build Cities, to play on the Harp and Organs, and to work in Brass and Iron. borderlands of theory and clinical practice Tales newly translated from the Russian, And if they deserv'd a sacred Remem- as we see from the substantial number of published in I 926 by the Nonesuch Press, brance for one Natural or Mechanical In- original works and commentaries in his and Beasts and Saints, a delightful collec- vention, Your Majesty will certainly obtain library from the realm of psychology and tion published in I 934 by Helen Waddell, Immortal Fame, for having establish'd a psychoanalysis: Freud, Jung, Adler, and, the mediaeval scholar, of translations of perpetual Succession of Inventors. more recently, Fromm-Reichmann, Clara "stories of the mutual charities between The collection also includes a rather Thompson, etc. We are impressed by the saints and beasts, from the end of the foolish sally into medicine by Bishop breadth of his scientific interests when we fourth to the end of the twelfth century." Berkeley who had become persuaded that see that his collection also includes such Surely La Fontaine is somewhere to be drinking an aqueous solution of tar was of works as Lyell's Principles of Geology, found in the collection but we have not yet great effect against smallpox (SIRIS: A Swinnerton's Outlines of Paleontology and discovered him. Greek art, science and thought are MAINTENANCE AN.D CONSTRUCTION abundantly included in the Cohn library, but so are Hindu and Buddhiit art and philosophy and John Addington Symond's OF OUR BUILDINGS AND GROUNDS Renaissance in Italy, if we may be per- mitted thus briefly to triangulate what EACHOF THE FIRST THREE ISSUES on their charcoal carpet for the Autumn seems to us a vast intellectual expanse. of the Rockefeller Institute Quarterly de- Meeting of the National Academy of Sci- Many volumes of art reproductions are in- scribed major new construction and re- ences in November. It was Barney who cluded, but beyond mere contemplation of construction projects undertaken or being struggled with the engineers designing a works of art Cohn sought to understand completed, and our campus still throbs mechanism to lift the auditorium's black- art and architecture through such works with construction progress today. We have board and projection screen out of the as Hambidge's provocative Dynamic Sym- many aspirations yet unrealized which will stage floor in 30 seconds, a feat not yet ac- metry, Hermann Weyl's more profound be described in future issues as they take complished at this writing. And it was Symmetry, and Ivins' Art and Geometry. form and become realities, but now we Barney himself who designed and super- Also present are the more conventional wish to pause to put current progress in vised the installation of the modern stain- commentors such as Berenson and Arthur historical perspective and to acknowledge less steel kitchen facilities for Abby Ald- Symonds. Works from the history of Art the skill and devotion of Mr. Bernard Lu- rich Rockefeller Hall. itself are included, such as Albrecht Dur- pinek, Superintendent of Buildings and The Institute's good fortune in having er's I 6th century-volume on the propor- Grounds, and his able staff. such a man and the devoted staff that have tions of the human body, one of the oldest For it was Barney Lupinek who saw to supported him during these extraordinar- and finest books in the library. it that the concepts of Mr. Wallace K. Har- ily busy years is not the result of chance, As he was a Jew, many volumes in rison, the architect for the new buildings, nor of a recent afterthought. Chance per- Cohn's library reflect his active concern and the exacting tastes and requirements haps, originally, but not afterthought, for over the political and religious history of of President Bronk and the Trustees of the it was 46 years ago, on March 27, 191 I, his people, from the works of Josephus to Institute were carried out in all their de- that the Institute sent a postcard inquiry Mein Kampf. But Creighton's six volume tails by the many contractors and sub-con- after the youngster who advertised in the History of the Papacy is included as well as tractors charged with responsibility for New York World that he wanted a position some of the writings from the inner life of construction. It was Barney, for example, as office boy. It was not a I 2 hour day nor Christianity such as St. Augustine's com- who arranged for fabrics to be spun and a six-day week that had led him to leave plete works, St. Teresa of Jesus' The In- dyed to our order on an impossible delivery the first position he found after he gradu- terior Castle, and Bernard of Clairvaux's schedule so that the striking crimson seats ated from P.S. NO. 82 at 70th Street and The Steps of Humility. Sociology, political in Caspary Auditorium should be in place First Avenue. It was that overtime often science and history are broadly and in made him late to his classes at evening some cases intensively represented with high school. Moreover, after expenses for such works as the lovely Nonesuch Press Dr. Cohn was not one to buy many sets food and carfare he was left with only go edition of Heroditus and Coulton's four of complete works, and one of the inter- cents a week for his trouble! The Insti- volume Life in the Middle Ages, but also esting aspects of his library is the evidence tute's salary of $4.50 a week seemed like The War History of American Railroads; it gives that each book was obtained be- wealth to him, but best of all he could a French edition of Pareto's General Soci- cause he wished to have it and to know it. leave work at 6: 00 p.m. (in those days he ology, Thompson's The Middle Ages, However, certain authors seem to have in- really did) and walk to his classes in ste- Gibbon's Decline and Fall, Trotsky's His- terested him especially, for we find the nography and bookkeeping. tory of the Russian Revolution, Spengler's complete works of a few, e.g. Edward Fitz- This was the beginning of a long and Decline of the West (English and German gerald, whom few of us know except for happy relationship between Barney Lupi- editions), and John Stuart Mill's Princi- his translations of Omar Khayyam, George nek and the Rockefeller Institute. Barney ples of Political Economy, to name a few. Meredith, Charles Dickens, and several made first-hand acquaintance with the The complete transcript of the Sacco- Americans: Hawthorne, Melville, Poe and tribulations of institutional administration Vanzetti Case is included as is the record Twain. even as an office boy in the years before of the Nuremburg Trials and Orwell's We have perhaps said enough to explain World War I. If the elevator operator were Animal Farm. the pride and satisfaction with which the missing, he became an elevator operator; In addition to all these, of course, are Rockefeller Institute received the library if an oiler were absent from the power works of the poets from Homer to e.e. of the late Dr. Cohn. It will serve as a house, he became an oiler; and when re- cummings with beautiful volumes such graceful and distinguished part of the in- prints began to flow in from European re- as the Overbrook Press edition of the tellectual and cultural life of the Institute search centers interested in the new Insti- poems of Shakespeare scattered between and will inspire us to strive ever to accom- tute, it was Barney who produced a wheel them. Music is more sparsely represented pany the depth and intensity of our inter- barrow to bring the swelling loads back but over a great span from d'Alembert on est with the breadth and imagination from the Post Office. Rameau through Gilbert and Sullivan to which were so characteristic of Alfred A notable ubiquity has been character- Aaron Copland's Music and Imagination. Einstein Cohn. istic of Barney Lupinek's experience, and a restless quest for education has given to explode a few. One magnesium rotor, new construction has occupied a large part him a solid training for the wide variety of when it exploded, sheared heavy bolts em- of Barney Lupinek's time, but we discov- his undertakings. For more than I 5 years bedded in a concrete base and blasted steel ered that his secret love is the power house after coming to the Institute he pursued and lead out the window and through the of the Institute, which he calls its "heart". evening courses in stenography, bookkeep- ceiling. This experience provided Barney He loves to quote figures on its perform- ing, mathematics, commercial law, court- with new problems of maintenance and ance (it produced 193,940,840 pounds of reporting, business administration, phys- reconstruction as well as an unforgettable steam and 1,120,291 kwh of d.c. power ics, electrical engineering, architecture, respect for the safety requirements of such in I 956-1 957, one-third of the total elec- building construction and estimating, and machines. Barney will remind you to place tricity consumed by the Institute), and institutional management. As a result Bar- an air-driven centrifuge, with its shrill one of the high points of his professional ney was quite at home with his responsi- whine, in a remote part of your laboratory life was the conversion of two of its boilers bilities when he was appointed Superin- not only for safety, but for aural comfort as from coal to oil heat just before the out- tendent of Maintenance in 1927, the year well. A high-pressure sterilizer should also break of World War 11. This difficult and work on Welch Hall began. Two years be out of the way, not only for safety but exacting undertaking Barney planned in later construction of Theobald Smith Hall for convenience, as well as for comfort, a every detail, including estimates that the and the North Animal House began, and fact which most would forget in the chill $14,ooo conversion cost would be recov- Barney found himself not only in the midst of winter, but which Barney remembers ered in two years of more economical oper- of maintenance but deep in construction the year around. ation. The work was successfully accom- activities as well. One of Barney's improvements in lab- plished, though not without its melodra- oratory arrangements is the placement of matic incidents, and paid for itself in LABORATORY DESIGN corrosive or toxic reagents in lead-lined eleven months. No one has assessed the In the years following, the Institute cabinets under the ventilated hoods and cost of the wear and tear on Barney's changed rapidly as it grew into its mature connected to the exhaust stacks. Another nerves. It became evident that the four old form. Laboratory facilities were already is to replace or at least to supplement the boilers were inadequate to meet increasing becoming obsolete as rapid strides in re- pegged drying racks for glassware over demands for steam. Few persons knew that search were made and the Superintendent sinks with electrically heated drying cabi- during the past two and one-half years of Maintenance was responsible for modi- nets. Even if a laboratory considers this Barney was quietly removing the old boil- fying them to be as modern as possible. an unnecessary refinement they are apt to ers, one at a time, and, without any inter- Here began that aspect of his career for discover that Barney has placed electrical ruption of service, replacing them with which Mr. Lupinek is best known and wiring in a cabinet near a sink against a three new high-pressure boilers adequate most admired by the Institute faculty- future change of plans. Cold rooms have for the future. the layout and the design of laboratories. been a special interest of Barney's since Not long ago we heard a professor at the he consolidated three inadequate cubicles THE ULTIMATE IN ECONOMY Institute, whose laboratory was being ad- twenty years or so ago for Dr. Bergmann to Training, experience and interest have mired by a visiting colleague say: "It's that make one large area suitable not only for enabled Barney to use every possible cal- man Lupinek. You know he really has a storage of unstable materials but for carry- ory, erg and watt from his power-house. style!" Barney does have a style, and it has ing on experiments as well. The develop- For example, when air-conditioning was evolved out of years of experience. Of ment of thermopane windows has relieved planned for the new buildings it was Bar- course the plans and aims of the head of the prison-like effect of some of these ney who saw that the exhaust steam from the laboratory are of first importance, and rooms, and, especially in the summer, the generators (wasted in the summer) perhaps second is the knowledge of the some of Barney's cold rooms offer some of could be used for operating refrigeration characteristics of proposed equipment, the most agreeable laboratory space in the equipment. During the winter the same problems of service access, anticipated im- Institute. exhaust steam is also used to heat the provements and modifications, etc., which buildings and domestic hot water. his old friend Tony Campo in the Purchas- INSPECTIONS ABROAD It would be difficult for Barney to take ing Department brings to the problem. But In 1948, after over 20 years of design- his attention off his pet, the power plant, finally Barney adds the fruit of his own ing laboratories at the Institute, Barney were it not in such able hands. Fortu- experience as to what unforeseen opera- was sent by Dr. Gasser, then Director of nately, George Karda, Chief Engineer, has tional difficulties may result from this or the Institute, on a tour of European lab- grown up with it. Since he came to the In- that disposition of equipment, what serv- oratories. He found, as many of our faculty stitute as a boy in 1924 he has educated ices may be needed tomorrow that could already suspected, that the design of our himself in power-plant engineering, re- more easily be provided today, and what laboratories was in advance of most of frigeration systems, air compressors, vac- materials and equipment may be available those in Europe. Only in Sweden, where uum pumps, etc. Recently George has tomorrow that should be planned for to- he visited Uppsala University and the lab- added a thermometer to his standard col- day. Many years ago when the limits of oratories of The Svedberg, did he find uses lection of screw drivers, test-lamps and speed of centrifuge rotors were still uncer- of materials and equipment that paralleled friction tape as he learns air-conditioning tain one of the laboratories armed itself our own. engineering to keep us comfortable in Cas- with sandbags and proceeded methodically Designing laboratories and supervising (continued on page seven) formed, you are hearing that Richard Bolt DR. ROUS INAUGURATES FACULTY fulfilled his obligation to perfection. Of one other I would speak who is af- LECTURES IN NEW AUDITORIUM fectionately known to us as Barney Lupinek. Not many of you know how many of his weekends had no day of rest nor how two THEINAUGURAL FACULTY LECTURE ideals, but is educable to the requirements of summers had no holiday in order that this in ~lf~~dH. caspary ~~di~~~i~~ was function. He has been my true colleague in and other buildings could be completed. If I the fulfillment of our objectives. have overburdened him with duties, I would given Dr. Pe~tonROus, Member Emeri- Among his many associates 1 would speak now say that he has always loyally met them tus of the Rockefeller Institute, on Friday, of Warren Draper. A modest simple man with as though the challenge were a joy. December I 3, I g 5 7. Dr. Rous' lecture was a fine sense of beauty, he had the kindly As I contemplated this hst lecture in this titled u~h~K~~~~ ~~l~ti~~~hi~~ of vi- patience to be the one who translated Wallace Hall I always thought of one who should be Harrison's bold visions and our desires into the speaker. I thought of the one who has ruses to Cancer." We will not attempt to the ultimate achievement. worked the longest in this Institute-for al- report here his remarkable address in what T-,, desien- of the ~~11was one we - most half a century with loyalty to the Insti- would have to be too abbreviated a form. had beauty and satisfied our needs. But those tute and devotion to excellence and the broad, President BronPs remarks with which he of YOU who have studied acoustics know that high ideals of science. I thought of him for a hemisphere such as this is basically the other, personal reasons too. In the often lone- introduced Dr. Rous to his audience and worst in which to speak and How to some days of dreaming and planning for the the Auditorium to all were as follows: combine beauty, simplicity of construction Institute's future, I found Peyton Rous a con- and the proper functions of ah auditory was stant source of encouragement and enthusi- On the occasion of the first faculty lecture in a problem we posed to Richard Bolt of our asm for the new. I vividly remember the noon this new setting I would speak briefly of some sister Massachusetts Institute of Technology. day when I met Peyton as he came with en- who had significant roles in the creation of As we started our construction, he asked me thusiastic approval from first seeing this Hall this building. to deliver the inaugural address at the Inter- where we are gathered now. And so it is to One is the man for whom the is national Congress of Acoustics. I said I would me a source of especial satisfaction that you named. I think no one of us knew Alfred if he would enable Wallace Harrison to create agree with me that Peyton Rous give this first Caspary as a person. But all should know that the acoustically perfect auditorium. Because lecture. The significance of his concepts, pre- he was a good and modest man whose great the building was delayed, I was required to sented with clarity and beauty of expression, did not overcome his discharge my obligation before we could test will set high standards for all future speakers and his unostentatious concern for the wel- his promise. Without knowing how I per- in this hall. fare of others. When im~endinr!- death denied him the opportunity personally to further human welfare he bequeathed his material possessions so that others might translate his humane ideals into action. The furtherance of science is enabled by SOVIET BIOLOGISTS terests and high level of competence will many. Trustees of universities play a vital be evident from their titles: E. A. Vasyu- role. They give guidance and encouragement INSTITUTE GUESTS kova, head of the delegation-Director of and are defenders in the world at large of the the Institute of Experimental Endocri- mission of the scholar. Our trustees have had A DELEGATION of six distinguished nology of the Ministry of Health of the bold vision, and to me have given courage and supporting faith for the creation of the Insti- women who are medical scientists in the u. s. s. R.; A. E. Shubladze-head of a lab- tute of the future. Soviet Union were guests of the Rockefel- oratory of the Ivanov Institute of Virology One of the boldest and most heartening ler Institute on November 7, 1957. The of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the was a friend of Alfred Caspary. To George Russian scientists, escorted by Dr. Frank u. s. s. R.; M. N. Fateyva-head of the Murnane, Alfred Caspary entrusted all of his L. Horsfall, Jr., made visits to laboratories Radiology Clinic of the Institute of Labor estate to be used as George Murnane thought Alfred Caspary would wish to have it used. at the Institute where work of interest to Hygiene and Occupational Disease of the And so it was that George Murnane became them is in progress. Academy of Medical Sciences; N. A. he instrument of Alfred Caspary in creating The visit of the Soviet delegation to the Dzhavakhishvili-head of the Department the auditory which we have named for him. United States was arranged by the Depart- of Experimental Anatomy of the Institute As a friend of George Murnane I know how ment of State in cooperation with the of Experimental Anatomy of the Academy wisely Caspary chose his most trusted friend. As our plans for the future of the Institute National Academy of Sciences and the of Sciences of the Georgian s. s. R., Tbilisi; developed and the physical needs for its main- Rockefeller Foundation. It is planned that N. I. Perevokchikova-senior scientific tenance became apparent I fortunately found a similar delegation of American women worker of the Institute of Experimental the friendship of a great architect of vision. will visit medical research centers in the Pathology and Cancer Therapy of the He grasped the significance of our purpose Soviet Union sometime in the future. Academy of Medical Sciences; and A. M. and envisioned the means of housing our en- deavors in buildings that would be both ade- As it has become possible for American Shishova-faculty assistant in therapy of quate and esthetically symbolic of our high scientists to meet and discuss their work the First Moscow Medical Institute. purpose. I have worked with many architects with Soviet scientists it has become evident Visits such as these cannot fail to en- on many occasions and in many places, but that American workers and their research courage mutual respect and understand- I have never known one who has the quality are much better known in the Soviet ing, and they may strengthen international of Wallace Harrison who created this build- ing. He is bold in concept but always amen- Union than is Soviet work known here. cooperation in the understanding and con- able to suggestion and humble in the expres- Even the names of our visitors will be quest of disease, an aim that knows no sion of his own desires. He has integrity of strange to most of our readers but their in- barrier of ideology or tongue. ago, with her parents, was Dr. Penfield's NATIONAL SCIENCES ' guest at the lecture-as he said "to bear witness to the veracity of this extraordi- AUTUMN MEETING AT INSTITUTE nary report." Following Dr. Penfield's lec- ture, President and Mrs. Bronk were hosts THEROCKEFELLER INSTITUTE and Bureau of Standards described her experi- to members of the Academy and their the New York Botanical Garden were mental work with beta decay which gave guests at a reception in the newly com- pleased to be hosts in November to what an experimental basis for Lee and Yang's pleted President's House. proved to be the largest Autumn Meeting conclusion that parity is not conserved, at A formal banquet for members of the the National Academy of Sciences has held least in this part of the universe. Professor Academy and their guests was given in the in its 94 years. More than one hundred Leon M. Lederman of Columbia Univer- Faculty Dining Room of Welch Hall. On members registered for the meetings on sity discussed further experiments with this occasion the Academy's Public Wel- November I 8, I g, and 20 and at least an meson decay bearing on parity. fare Medal for eminence in the application equal number of scientists from the New of science to the public welfare was pre- York area attended the scientific sessions, AMINO ACID ACTIVATION sented by President Bronk to Dr. Warren all of which were open to the public. A symposium on amino acid activation Weaver, Vice-President for the Natural Nearly 50 scientific papers were contrib- was arranged by Fritz Lipmann of the In- and Medical Sciences of the Rockefeller uted by Academy members and their col- stitute faculty. This tww and important Foundation. The first recipients of the leagues. Quite naturally the biological area of modern biochemical research was medal were G. W. Goethals and W. C. sciences were heavily represented, but a discussed by Paul Zamecnik of the Har- Gorgas for their work in sanitation and number of papers of outstanding interest vard Medical School, P. D. Boyer of the public health in the Panama Canal Zone, in the physical sciences were presented. University of Minnesota, Daniel E. Kosh- and other distinguished recipients have in- Keith Bullen, for example, from the Uni- land, Jr., of Brookhaven National Labora- cluded President Herbert Hoover and Mr. versity of Sydney, Australia, discussed tory, Paul Berg of Washington University, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. evidence, some of which has been obtained and G. David Novelli of the Oak Ridge On one afternoon during the meeting from nuclear explosions, regarding the National Laboratory. eleven of the laboratories arranged for the solidity of the earth's inner core. Joseph A symposium on plant tumors was members of the Academy to see demonstra- Kaplan, Professor at the University of Cali- arranged by A. J. Riker of the University tions and exhibits of scientific work cur- fornia at Los Angeles and Chairman of the of Wisconsin. The symposium commem- rently in progress. Hosts to the Academy U.S. National Committee for the Interna- orated the 50th anniversary of the identi- on this occasion were Drs. Porter and tional Geophysical Year, described chemi- fication of the organism responsible for the Palade, Hartline, Brink and Bronk, Zwory- cal reactions occurring in the earth's upper tumor known as crown gall. It served to kin, Mirsky, Corner, Weiss, Braun, Kun- atmosphere, a field which he has termed underline the unity of biological science in kel, Craig and Moore and Stein. chemical aeronomy; and Richard W. Por- that it bore closely on the larger problems ter of the General Electric Company, who of normal and abnormal growth. The LADIES' PROGRAM is Chairman of the Technical Panel on the participants included Philip R. White of The lady guests of the Academy enjoyed Earth Satellite Program of the U.S. Na- the Roscoe B. Jackson Memorial Labora- visits to the Botanical Garden on Monday tional Committee on the IGY discussed the tory; Armin C. Braun, Rockefeller Insti- where they dined with their husbands and scientific aspects of that program. An in- tute; Richard M. Klein, New York Botani- afterwards enjoyed the gardens during the triguing demonstration of considerable sci- cal Garden; A. C. Hildebrandt, Depart- scientific sessions. On Tuesday they had entific as well as practical significance was ment of Plant Pathology, University of luncheon at the Metropolitan Museum and shown by Edwin H. Land, President of the Wisconsin; and L. M. Black, Department spent the afternoon viewing the collection. Polaroid Corporation, who has found that of Botany, University of Illinois. Luncheon on Wednesday was at the Cos- with the use of appropriate color filters, Dr. Wilder Penfield, o.M., F.R.s., Di- mopolitan Club. During the afternoon the both in photographing and projecting, two rector of the Montreal Neurological Insti- ladies visited The Cloisters, a mediaeval superimposed black and white slides can tute, gave the first public lecture in the monastery that has been moved to Fort be made to give the appearance of full Institute's newly completed Caspary Audi- Tryon Park where it houses a collection of range natural color. torium to an audience that nearly exceeded ' mediaeval art and is itself a museum piece. Three invited symposia were arranged its 500-seat capacity. The title of Dr. Pen- It afforded us much satisfaction to be in addition to the contributed papers. Pro- field's lecture was: Some Mechanisms of able to open our new facilities to this dis- fessor I. I. Rabi of Columbia University Consciousness Discovered During Electri- tinguished group on the first occasion of presided at a symposium on the parity prin- cal Stimulation of the Human Brain. He its kind to be held at the ~ockefellerInsti- ciple which included a theoretical pres- described evidence that he has accumu- tute. The meeting of the Academy was an entation by T. D. Lee of the Institute for lated regarding the nature of memory dur- auspicious beginning for what we hope Advanced Study at Princeton who, to- ing stimulation of the brain in connection will be a continuing series of events that gether with C. N. Yang at the Institute, with surgical treatment of focal epilepsy. will enrich the professional lives of our was awarded the Nobel prize in physics The first patient to experience electrically faculty and students and promote the prog- for 1957. Mrs. C. S. Wu of the National stimulated memories during surgery years ress of science. THE SOCIETY OF ous endowment of the Rockefeller Institute FIFTY YEARS AGOATTHE forMedicalResearch. THE XI Without waiting for the meeting and for- SIGMA ROCKEFELLERINSTITUTE ma~actionoftheBoardofDirectors,Iwish to express to you our grateful appreciation for THEFACULTY AND STUDENTS of the this munificent manifestation of your con- Rockefeller Institute have been accus- The First Permanent Endowment tinued interest in the work of the Institute. tomed to regard themselves as "companions Although I have not doubted its permanence, in zealous research" though they might not it is most gratifying to have the future of the IN NOVEMBER,1907, Mr. John D. Institute made thus secure at this time. have used these words translated from the Rockefeller created a permanent endow- I believe that you may feel assured that the Greek motto of the Society of the Sigma ment of $2,600,000 for the Rockefeller enlightened principle which has so largely Xi to express the fact. But, on December Institute. Since I 901, when the Institute and wisely guided your splendid benefactions 27, 1957, the Sigma Xi acknowledged was founded, current expenses and build- -the promotion of the welfare of mankind that, however we may express it, our faculty by increase of knowledge-will be signally ing costs had been met by direct gifts from illustrated by the work of the Institute which are indeed ZTOU~GVZLI~GVCS and their petition Mr. Rockefeller. Dr. William H. Welch, ;nites so conspicuously the scientific with hu- for the establishment of a chapter of the then President of the Board of Directors, manitarian aims. Society of the Sigma Xi at the Rockefeller sent the following letter of thanks: Your gift and your words are a great en- Institute was approved. couragement to all connected with the Insti- Our association with the Sigma Xi is in tute, and you may be assured that our best Saint Street' efforts will be directed toward making the a sense no new thing. President Bronk, November 28th' Igo7 best possible use of the great opportunities whose membership dates from his days as which you have provided. a graduate student at the University of John D. Rockefeller, Esq., Believe me to be with high ,and most cor- 26 Broadway, New York Michigan, is serving his second term as a dial regards to yourself and to your son, who has aided so effectively, member of the Executive Committee, and MY DEAR SIR, Very Respectfully and Truly Yours, about half of the more than 200 faculty I have received from Dr. Holt, our Secre- tary, your letter announcing your most gener- William H. Welch and students are members or associate members of chapters at other universities, or at large. It is fitting that they should now become members of a new chapter OUR BUILDINGS AND GROUNDS continued from page four here as the Institute enters its fourth year as a graduate university. The aim of the pary Auditorium. by the experienced services of Mr. Sergio Sigma Xi we could take as ours: "to en- A large and varied organization stands Garcia. Another indication of the status of courage original investigation in science, behind Barney and his extraordinary serv- Mr. Lupinek's office is the fact that after pure and applied.. ." to quote Article I of ices. Paul Penndorf, Assistant Superin- many years he has reluctantly concluded its present Constitution. But to the society tendent of Buildings and Grounds, he that he can no longer depend upon another of companions in zealous research goes purloined in I 955 from a general contrac- office for secretarial assistance, even credit for priority, for they espoused this tor who had been in charge of construction though provided by one so devoted and ideal in their first constitution in 1887, at the Institute several years before. It is experienced as Mrs. Martha Riley. He is fourteen years before we were incorpo- characteristic of Barney Lupinek that he now assisted by a most competent full-time rated under our own motto pro bono hu- had been watching Paul Penndorf since secretary, Miss Barbara Bivin. mani generis. 1949 and had patiently waited until the Mr. Lupinek's able assistants would Not only do the aims of the Sigma Xi auspicious moment to secure his careful make interesting tales in themselves. Mr. parallel our own, but its means of promot- skill for our own staff. We understand that Joseph Tekverk, for example, who is in ing them are among ours. According to its he is stalking another assistant but, he charge of the Cabinet Maker's Shop, is an 191 r Constitution, it will seek to achieve says, "better for us all to work a little artisan whohasbeen with theInstitute since them ". . .by meeting for the discussion of harder than be in a hurry and make mis- I g I 6. He has worked shoulder to shoulder scientific subjects; by the publication of takes". Anotherpf his assistants, Kenneth with Barney since 1939 when he became such scientific matter as may be deemed Schmitt, is a young man he has trained on head of the shop which produces the fine desirable; by establishing fraternal rela- the job. Schmitt came to the Institute in wood structures that grace many of our tions among investigators in the scientific I 94 I as a clerk and stenographer, but he laboratories and offices. Finishing Joe Tek- centers; and in granting the privilege of has become a specialist in plant operation verk's beautiful cabinet work as well as membership to such students as during details, freeing Mr. Lupinek from many of brightening the rest of the Institute's sur- their college course have given special the essential but minor items that are un- faces is the responsibility of Mr. Herman promise of future achievement." important only if they are cared for com- Richter's Paint Shop, a job that in past It is with pride that we join this fellow- petently and at once. The construction years was done in the summer months but ship of scholars. When our new chapter is enterprises that have been undertaken which is now a year-round activity. Heav- organized and begins activities we shall in- since the arrival of President Bronk very ier work, but if anything even more neces- form our readers of its progress in encour- soon created a pressing need for a full-time sary, is supervised by Mr. William Duthie, aging companionship in zealous research. draftsman, a position now adequately filled Machine Shop foreman, and his assistant Mr. John Gerbracht. Mr. Chris Murray, office boy, Barney Lupinek, arrived, 'a of the institutions we visited, I would have Head Groundsman, is a veteran of many, handful of men and $I I ,492 a year were no hesitation in selecting the Rockefeller many years at the Institute who loves its sufficient to operate the Institute's build- Institute. Mr. Lupinek has spared no pain hedges and gardens as his own. We were ings. Today Barney and his regiment of in his efforts to alter, adapt and equip each alarmed recently by the report of his im- assistants and helpers are hard-pressed to laboratory unit to meet the wishes, and pending retirement, but President Bronk, keep abreast of building maintenance oper- even the whims, of the user. Despite the who knows a green thumb when he sees ations that now total nearly $~OO,OOOan- limitations imposed by relatively old build- it, persuaded Chris to stay a few more nually. With construction of the new lab- ings, he has admirably succeeded with the seasons with us. We suspect this was not oratory building and the graduate student result that the units are well (and this hard to do for the new landscaping on the residence well under way, Barney is now does not imply lavishly) equipped, they Institute's grounds and the promise of looking forward to laying out and furnish- are spacious and not excessively encum- many Springs must have been almost ir- ing the nearly 60,000 square feet of new bered with apparatus and they are pleasant resistible attractions. Finally we have to laboratory space that will soon become places in which to work. . . Apart from mention that most important of daily available. Those who work in the new what we saw in the Rockefeller Institute, maintenance jobs, Janitorial Services, un- building will find themselves in as well- our- visits to it were of particular value der supervision of Mr. Joseph Klecar and appointed laboratories as can be provided. owing to our contact there with Mr. Lu- his assistant, Mr. Larry Holzman. One who Our own faculty would expect this, but we pinek. Indeed to meet him was almost knows the great variety of activities to would like to close with aaribute to Barney enough in itself to make our visit to which Joe and Larry turn their hands, Lupinek's skill by a visitor from abroad. America worth while as he is a mine ,of would ask us what lexicon we use to de- About ten years ago Dr. J. W. Bigger of information as regards the materials and fine the word "janitorial." Joe Klecar re- Trinity College in Dublin visited this equipment required in laboratories, their sides at the Institute and the nights and country to collect ideas and information good and bad qualities and where they may weekends that Larry is seen here have for the design of Moyne Institute to house be obtained." probably led many to suppose that he, too, the Department of Bacteriology. He had Dr. Bigger had encountered only one of lives here. These two men are our first line visited laboratories in England and Scan- the facets of Barney Lupinek's character. of defense in any emergency and we have dinavia as well as in Los Angeles, San If he could have known him as some of us come to depend on their willing and cheer- Francisco, Ann Arbor and New York. We do, and if he could see what Barney and ful help, not only to deal with difficulties were fortunate enough to secure a copy of his team of assistants have done in the as they arise, but to help us avoid them. his report and delighted to find in it these past ten years, he would join us in an Forty-six years ago, when the ambitious words of praise: "If I were to work in any attempt to surpass even this high praise.

VERNON BROOKS National Institutes of Health. FACULTY ACTIVITIES New York State University Medical Center, Brooklyn. MERRILL W. CHASE Symposium on Experimental "Allergic" Encephalomyelitis, National Institutes of Health. Academic Appointments LYMAN C. CRAIG Symposium on Proteins, IUPAC. KARL MARAMOROSCH Abel Centennial, American Society for Pharmacology and Ex- Visiting Professor of Plant Pathology, Cornell University, Ithaca. perimental Therapeutics.

DOMINIC DZIEWIATKOWSKI Lectures, Conferences and Symposia School of Medicine, Temple University.

A. G. BEARN New York Pathological Society. Honors Program, New York University College of Medicine. GABRIEL C. GODMAN Symposium on Blood Proteins, New York Academy of Medicine. Albert Einstein Medical College.

ARMIN C. BRAWN American Rheumatism Association, Bethesda, Md. University of Illinois. Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Society. I g 5 7 Autumn Meeting, National Academy of Sciences. ROLLIN D. HOTCHKISS

DETLEV W. BRONK Symposium on Biological Replication of Macromolecules, Soci- Dedication of New Science Building, Hood College. ety for Experimental Biology, London. Address on Josiah Willard Gibbs, New York University Hall Visiting Lecturer, University of Florida Medical Center. of Fame Ceremony. JOHANNA M. LEE Opening Address, New York University In-Service Institute Symposium on Experimental "Allergic" Encephalomyelitis, for Biology, Chemistry and Physics Teachers. National Institutes of Health. Neurological Society of New York State University College of Society Electiois Medicine. MERRILL W. CHASE KARL MARAMOROSCH Jugatae Lecture, Cornell University. Fellow, New York Academy of Sciences. Biology Colloquium, Cornell University. GABRIEL C. GODMAN Annual Meeting, Northeastern Division American Phyto- Member, Association of University Pathologists. pathological Society. FRANK L. HORSFALL, JR. University of Pennsylvania. Honorary Member, Harveian Society of London. Scarsdale Science Club. MONTROSE J. MOSES Other Appointments and Distinctions New York State Society of Electron Microscopists, New York. DETLEV W. BRONK ULRICH NAF President's Science Advisory Committee. Princeton University. Chairman, National Science Board. JOHN B. NELSON MERRILL W. CHASE Armed Forces Institute of Pathology. - Council, Metropolitan New York Branch, Animal Care Panel. LEE D. PEACHEY LYMAN C. CRAIG Deutsche Gesellschaft fiir Elektronenmikroskopie, Darmstadt, Trustee, Gordon Research Conferences. Germany. MAURICE S. FOX GERTRUDE E. P-ERLMANN Nuffield Scholar, Department of Genetics, University of Glas- Mount Holyoke College. gow. S. WILLIAM PELLETIER FRANCIS 0. HOLMES New York University. Consultant on Virus Diseases of Sugar Cane and Other Plants, on Steroids and Related Natural Gordon Research Conference Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Puerto Rico. Products.- FRANK L. HORSFALL, JR. MURIEL ROGER Member, National Academy of Sciences-National Research Seminar on Microbial Genetics, Columbia University. Council Committee Advisory to the Chemical Corps. HOWARD A. SCHNEIDER Chairman, Research Council, Public Health Research Institute Annual Conference, National Multiple Sclerosis Society, St. of the City of New York, Inc. Louis. Member, Board of Trustees, Public Health Research Institute Tenth Annual Scientific Meeting, Detroit Institute of Cancer of the City of New York, Inc. Research. Co-Editor, Journal of Experimental Medicine, The Rockefeller Scientific Staff Address, Upjohn Company. Institute. National Institutes of Health. JOHN B. NELSON RICHARD E. SHOPE Consultant, U. S. Army Biological Warfare Laboratories, Fort Merck Scientific Club, Merck Institute for Therapeutic Re- Detrick. search. PEYTONROUS Purdue Short Course, Purdue University. Award for Distinguished Service, American Cancer Society. Illinois Annual Conference for Veterinarians, University of Illinois. RICHARD E. SHOPE Albert Lasker Award. Eastman Memorial Lecture, University of Rochester. Dyer Lecture, National ~nstitutesof ~ealth. DOUGLAS WHITAKER Dedication Ceremony, state University of ~~di~~lR~- Member, Board of Trustees and Executive Committee, Ber- search Center. muda Biological Station. National Academy of Sciences I g 5 7 Autumn Meeting. Brookhaven National Laboratory. University of Pennsylvania. NORMAN R. STOLL Symposium on Resistance and Immunity in Parasitic Infections, INSTITUTE MENTION Rice Institute. IGOR TAMM Brookhaven National Laboratory. New York City Branch of the Society of American Bacteriolo- JVkw Appointments to the Faculty gists. DR. HOWARD G. DAVIE S, who has been with Biophysics Re- PAUL WEISS search Unit, King's College, London, England, has been Washington State College. appointed Assistant Professor in Dr. Porter's laboratory. University of Washington Medical School. DR. LAWRENCE S. FRISHKOPF, who has been a staff mem- University of Colorado Medical School. ber of the Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachu- VICTOR J. WILSON setts Institute of Technology, has been appointed Guest Merck Institute for Therapeutic Research. Investigator in Dr. Hartline's laboratory, beginning October Medical School, Dartmouth College. 17 1957. Guest Seminars in Medicine INSTITUTE MENTION David Rogers, Associate Professor of Medicine, New York Hospital, October 23, I g 5 7. (continued from page nine) Samuel Vaisman, Associate Professor of Medicine, Univer- sity of Chile, November 2 I, I g 57. L. E. Hinkle, Associate Professor of Clinical Medicine in Psychiatry, Cornell Medical Center, November 27, 1957.

DR. HERMANN-JOSEF HAAS, who has been a Scientific Joseph H. Burchenal, Professor of Medicine, Cornell Uni- Assistant at the Max Planck Institute, Wilhelmshaven, versity, December I I, I 957. Germany, has been appointed Research Associate in Dr. H. Sherwood Lawrence, Associate Professor of Medicine, Paul Weiss' laboratory. New York University College of Medicine, December I 8, I 957. DR. BARBARA PETRACK, who has been a graduate student with the Public Health Research Institute of the City of Visiting Professors in Residence New York has been appointed Guest Investigator in Dr. DR. DAVID R. G ODDARD, Professor of Botany, University of Lipmann's laboratory, beginning January I, I g 58. Pennsylvania, October 9-1 5, 1957. MI s s ROSE RAS KIN of the Columbia University Russian DR. WILLIAM J. ROBBINS, Director, New York Botanical Institute, has been appointed Affiliate and Lecturer in Garden and Professor, Columbia University, October 21- Russian. ' 25,1957- DR. NORM AN s u TI N of the Brookhaven National Laboratory, DR. KAJ U. LINDERSTR~M-LANG, Director, Department Department of Chemistry, has been appointed Affiliate and of Chemistry, Carlsberg Laboratory, Copenhagen, Decem- Lecturer in Physical Chemistry. ber 16-21, 1957. Faculty Promotions New Grants and Contracts

MR. CARL BERKLEY,who has been a visiting Investigator From the United States Public Health Service in support of in Dr. Zworykin's laboratory, has been appointed a Research the following work: Associate. Dr. Dubos' and Dr. Williams' work on the fractionation of DR. PER E. S. ENGER, who has been a Visiting Investigator tubercle bacilli $10,225 in Dr. Hartline's laboratory, has been appointed a Research Dr. Porter's high resolution microscopy of cell fine structure Associate, beginning January I, I g 5 8. $12,250 Dr. Porter's studies of the response of cells in terms of their Faculty Terminations fine structure to common carcinogens $9,775 Dr. Craig's and Dr. Rasmussen's work on the isolation and DR. DEREK HOB s ON, who has been a Visiting Investigator characterization of parathyroid hormone $8,452 with Dr. Schneider's laboratory, returned to his position as Senior Lecturer in Bacteriology at St. Mary's Hospital Dr. Schneider's studies of nutrition and heredity in experi- Medical School, London, England, October 8, I 957. mental acute disseminated encephalomyelitis $26,864 DR. JOHAN J. THERON, who has been a Visiting Investigator From the National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis for Dr. in Dr. Porter's laboratory, terminated his appointment on Kunkel's studies of nucleic acids and antigens $2,000 December I, I 957. He has returned to Pretoria, South From the United States Veterans Administration for Dr. Africa, to continue his work at the National Nutrition Re- Zworykin's development of an improved pressure sensitive search Institute. radio-transmitting capsule $IO,OOO From the Muscular Dystrophy Association of America for Dr. Guest Speakers Csapo's studies on excitation-contraction coupling in muscle $8,792 Hugh E. Huxley, Medical Research Council, Department of Grants may be made for more than one year but funds for the current year Biophysics, University College, London, September 24, 1957. only are shown. Frank Fenner, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, October I 6, I 957. 0jvind Winge, Professor and sometime Director of the Physiological Department, Carlsberg Laboratory, Copenhagen, THE ROCKEFELLER INSTITUTE October 22, 1957. William J. Robbins, Director, New York Botanical Garden, E+ November I, 1957. Kaj U. Linderstrgm-Lang, Director of the Carlsberg Labora- is published for the quarters ending in March, June, September tory, Copenhagen, December I 7, I 957. and December of each year. Inquiries, comments and sugges- Robert W. Berliner, Associate Director (In Charge of Re- tions should be addressed to Mr. Charles I. Campbell, Editor, search), National Heart Institute, December I 8, 1957. Walter Kauzmann, Associate Professor, Department of THE ROCKEFELLER INSTITUTE QUARTERLY Chemistry, Princeton University, December I g, I g 5 7. 66~~STREET AND YORK AVENUE NEW YORK 21