2019 Annual Report
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Regional Financial Disparity in India: Can It Be Measured?
Journal of Institutional Economics (2021), 17, 836–860 doi:10.1017/S1744137421000291 RESEARCH ARTICLE Regional financial disparity in India: can it be measured? Rashmi U. Arora* and P. B. Anand Faculty of Management, Law & Social Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK *Corresponding author. Email: [email protected] (Received 25 November 2019; revised 7 April 2021; accepted 8 April 2021) Abstract In this study, we examine disparities in financial development at the regional level in India. The major research questions of the study are: how do we measure the level of financial development at the sub- national level? How unequal is financial development across the states? Does it vary by ownership of financial institutions? To explore these research questions, our study develops a composite banking devel- opment index at the sub-national level for three different bank groups – public, private and foreign for 25 Indian states covering 1996–2015. Our findings suggest that despite reforms, banking development is sig- nificantly higher in the leading high income and more developed regions compared to lagging ones. Furthermore, we find that all bank groups including public banks are concentrated more in the developed regions. Overall, over the years the position of top three and bottom three states in the aggregate banking index have remained unchanged reflecting lop-sidedness of regional development. We also note improve- ment in the ranking of some north-eastern states during the period 2009–15. Key words: Banking development index; financial development; financial inclusion; India JEL codes: D63; G21; O16; O53 1. Introduction Recent discussions on inequality have focused on increasing global income and wealth inequality between individuals, inequality between countries and inequality among different population groups within a country (Atkinson, 2015; Pickety, 2014; Stiglitz, 2013, 2015). -
Digital Banking New Horizons in a Cash-Light India Financial Foresights Editorial Team Contents Jyoti Vij [email protected] 1
Financial Foresights April 2017 Digital Banking New horizons in a cash-light India Financial Foresights Editorial Team Contents Jyoti Vij [email protected] 1. PREFACE . 2 Anshuman Khanna 2. INDUSTRY INSIGHTS . 3 [email protected] n Digital Banking - Transforming India ? . 5 Bhaskar Som Supriya Bagrawat Country Head [email protected] India Ratings & Research Advisory Services n Digital Banking & Technologies of Tomorrow . 8 Amit Kumar Tripathi Rajiv Anand [email protected] Executive Director & Head – Retail Banking Axis Bank n Digital Banking - An Indian Perspective. 12 Raghavendra Bhat M. About FICCI General Manager Karnataka Bank FICCI is the voice of India's n Making Banking More Human . 15 business and industry. K P Sunny General Manager, Digital Banking, Strategic Initiative & Optimization Established in 1927, it is Federal Bank India's oldest and largest n Digital Banking in India . 18 apex business organization. Prasanna Lohar Head Technology – Innovation & Architecture FICCI is in the forefront in DCB Bank Limited articulating the views and n ‘SMART Digital Banking Platforms’ for Enriched Customer Experience and concerns of industry. It Growth . 24 services its members from the Murali Mahalingam Industry Director, Banking & FS Indian private and public SAP corporate sectors and n Digital Banking - New Horizons in a Cash-light India . 28 multinational companies, AKS Namboodiri General Manager IT & IRMD drawing its strength from Dhanlaxmi Bank Limited diverse regional chambers of n Smart Apps & Bots – The New Face of Indian Banking . 31 commerce and industry Shantanu Sengupta Managing Director & Head - Consumer Banking Group across states, reaching out to DBS Bank India over 2,50,0000 companies. -
What Is Merchant Banking?
MERCHANT BANKING DEFINITION WHAT IS MERCHANT BANKING? A bank that specializes not in lending out its own funds, but in providing various financial services such as accepting bills arising out of trade, underwriting new issues, and providing advice on acquisitions, mergers, foreign exchange, portfolio management, etc. Known as ³accepting and issuing houses´ in the U.K. and ³investment banks´ in the U.S. EVOLUTION IN WORLD Italian states, Middle Ages Later, the center for merchant banking shifted from the Italian states to Amsterdam London, eighteenth century By the end of the eighteenth century, however, the British merchant houses had increased in size and sophistication and began specializing in trade, marketing, or finance. IN INDIA In India the merchant banking business started in 1967, when Grindlays bank established their merchant banking division 1970, Citibank 1972, State Bank of India Many other banks like Central bank, Syndicate bank, Bank of Baroda followed after it. Among development banks: - ICICI, 1973 - IFCI, 1986 - IDBI,1991 FUNCTIONS MANAGEMENT OF DEBT & EQUITY OFFERINGS UNDERWRITING DE IDING T E APITAL STRU TURE ORPORATE ADVISORY PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT LOAN SYNDI ATION OFF S ORE FINAN ING MANAGEMENT OF DEBT & EQUITY OFFERINGS Assists the companies in raising funds from the market Instrument designing Pricing the issue Registration of the offer document Underwriting support Marketing of the issue Listing on stock exchanges. UNDERWRITING The procedure by which an underwriter brings a new security issue to the investing public in an offering. In such a case, the underwriter will guarantee a certain price for a certain number of securities to the party that is issuing the security (in exchange for a fee). -
Opinion and Order Mufg Union Bank, N.A
Case 1:19-cv-10023-KPF Document 215 Filed 10/16/20 Page 1 of 68 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF NEW YORK PETROLEOS DE VENEZUELA S.A.; PDVSA PETROLEO S.A.; and PDV HOLDING, INC., Plaintiffs, 19 Civ. 10023 (KPF) -v.- OPINION AND ORDER MUFG UNION BANK, N.A. and GLAS AMERICAS LLC, Defendants. KATHERINE POLK FAILLA, District Judge: Before the Court is a weighty question with a convoluted answer: Can Venezuela’s state oil company unburden itself of its contractual obligations, pursuant to a transaction consummated four years ago, by dint of foreign law or sovereign act? The question arises from a bond swap transaction (the “Exchange Offer”) that occurred in October 2016. Plaintiff Petróleos de Venezuela, S.A. (“PDVSA”), with the guaranty of Plaintiff PDVSA Petróleo, S.A. (“PDVSA Petróleo”), had previously issued two sets of bonds that were scheduled to come due in April and November of 2017 (the “2017 Notes”), with an aggregate principal amount of $9,150,000,000. However, in the years following the issuance of the 2017 Notes, the Venezuelan oil market had become volatile, and by September 2016 it seemed unlikely that PDVSA would be able to pay the significant obligations that would be due the following year. In an effort to forestall a potential default on the 2017 Notes, PDVSA engineered the Exchange Offer, by which it would swap the 2017 Notes for bonds scheduled to come due in 2020 (the “2020 Notes”). Controversially, the Case 1:19-cv-10023-KPF Document 215 Filed 10/16/20 Page 2 of 68 2020 Notes were secured by a pledge of 50.1% of the equity in CITGO Holding (“CITGO”), which was pledged by PDV Holding, Inc. -
International Capital Market Offerings Status As on : 31/08/2021
INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL MARKET OFFERINGS STATUS AS ON : 31/08/2021 OFFERS COMPLETED (1.4.1992 ONWARDS) SL. COMPANY INSTR. ISSUE AMOUNT AMOUNT BOOK-RUNNING LEAD MANAGERS LISTING AT NO. DATE US$M (Rs.lacs) EQUITY 1 RELIANCE INDUSTRIES LTD. GDS 27/05/1992 150.42 43351.04 MORGAN STANLEY INTERNATIONAL LUXEMBOURG, NASDAQ LEHMAN BROS.INTERNATIONAL (EUROPE) LTD. 2 GRASIM INDUSTRIES LTD. GDS 25/11/1992 90.00 25650.00 CITICORP INVESTMENT BANK LTD. LUXEMBOURG, NASDAQ 3 HINDALCO INDUSTRIES LTD. GDR-W 22/07/1993 72.02 22758.32 ROBERT FLEMING & CO. LUXEMBOURG 4 SOUTHERN PETROCHEMICAL INDUSTRIES CORP.LTD. GDR 29/09/1993 74.75 23568.68 JAMES CAPEL & CO. LUXEMBOURG 5 ITC LTD. GDR-W 14/10/1993 68.85 21708.40 MERRILL LYNCH INTERNATIONAL LTD. LUXEMBOURG 6 BOMBAY DYEING & MANUFACTURING CO.LTD.,THE GDR-W 16/11/1993 50.00 15686.85 CREDIT SUISSE FIRST BOSTON LUXEMBOURG 7 MAHINDRA & MAHINDRA LTD. GDR 30/11/1993 74.75 23452.81 PARIBAS CAPITAL MARKETS LUXEMBOURG 8 INDO GULF FERTILISERS & CHEMICALS CORP.LTD. GDR 18/01/1994 100.00 31440.00 BARCLAYS DE ZOETE WEDD SECURITIES LTD. LUXEMBOURG 9 INDIAN RAYON & INDUSTRIES LTD. GDR 25/01/1994 125.00 39300.00 KLEINWORT BENSON SECURITIES LTD. LUXEMBOURG 10 VIDEOCON INTERNATIONAL LTD. GDR 26/01/1994 90.00 28296.00 JARDINE FLEMING INTERNATIONAL LTD. LUXEMBOURG MERRILL LYNCH INTERNATIONAL LTD. 11 ARVIND MILLS LTD.,THE GDR 03/02/1994 125.00 39300.00 GOLDMAN SACHS (ASIA) LTD. LUXEMBOURG 12 RELIANCE INDUSTRIES LTD. GDS 15/02/1994 300.00 94320.00 MORGAN STANLEY & CO. LUXEMBOURG 13 GREAT EASTERN SHIPPING CO.LTD.,THE GDR 17/02/1994 100.00 31370.00 JARDINE FLEMING INTERNATIONAL LTD. -
Australian Securities Exchange Limited Exchange Centre Level 4 20 Bridge Street SYDNEY NSW 2000
Australian Securities Exchange Limited Exchange Centre Level 4 20 Bridge Street SYDNEY NSW 2000 5 January 2010 Notice of change in interest of substantial holder - Mercury Brands Limited We refer to the notice of ceasing to be a substantial holder in respect of Mercury Brands Limited (MCB) given by Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited (ANZ) on 31 December 2009 (the Notice). We advise that the Notice contains incorrect details regarding ANZ's voting power in MCB, and that ANZ's voting power in MCB has not changed by more than 1% since the date of its previous notice of change in interests of substantial holder in respect of MCB dated 2 July 2009, a copy of which is attached. Yours faithfully Sharyn Page Deputy Company Secretary Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited Company Secretary’s Office Level 14, 100 Queen Street, Melbourne Vic 3000 GPO Box 537E, MELBOURNE VIC 3001 AUSTRALIA www.anz.com Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited ABN 11 005 357 522 2 July 2009 Company Announcements Australian Securities Exchange Level 4 20 Bridge Street SYDNEY NSW 2000 Company Secretary Mercury Brands Limited Fax: (03) 9676 9557 Notice of change in interest of substantial holder - Mercury Brands Limited Reference is made to the announcement made by Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited (ANZ) on 12 May 2008 regarding its interests in various ASX listed entities arising under transactions entered into pursuant to Australian Master Securities Lending Agreements. As indicated in that announcement, although there is some uncertainty as to whether ANZ is under a legal obligation to do so, ANZ intends to lodge substantial holding notices in relation to relevant listed entities. -
A Study on Merchant Banking
ADALYA JOURNAL ISSN NO: 1301-2746 A STUDY ON MERCHANT BANKING S. RAJA. I A A S, M.Com., MBA, BL, PGDPM, Director of Audit and part time research scholar, Department of Commerce, University of Madras. Introduction Merchant Banking is an essential service provided by financial institutions and the services help the growth of corporate sector that ultimately, help for the overall growth of the economic development of the country. Hence, it is a still oriented, purely, professional service provided to their clients, concerning their financial needs for adequate consideration in the form of fee. Commercial Banking and Investment Banking are often confused with Merchant Banking. In many ways, there may be similarities in their functions. However, in certain ways, Merchant Banking is distinctly, different from commercial Banking and Investment Banking. In different Countries the term Merchant Banking used differently. Merchant Bankers A Merchant Banker means any person who is engaged in the business of Issue Management either by making arrangements regarding selling, buying or subscribing to Securities as Manager, Consultant, Adviser of rendering Corporate Advisory Service in relation to such Issue Management. Hence, the Merchant Bankers have pre and post issue obligations. In the case of pre issue of shares, the Merchant Bankers have to make arrangements for filling the prospectus & other relevant records before the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) and in the case of part issue of shares, they have to make arrangements for getting the shares allotted and send within the specified period to the applicants. Objectives of the study (a) Merchant Banking and it’s functions (b) Role of Merchant Banking as financial intermediaries (c) Describing issue management in Merchant Banking. -
A Examination of Size Efficiency in Indian Banking Subhash C
University of Connecticut OpenCommons@UConn Economics Working Papers Department of Economics September 2004 Are Some Indian Bank Too Large? A Examination of Size Efficiency in Indian Banking Subhash C. Ray University of Connecticut Follow this and additional works at: https://opencommons.uconn.edu/econ_wpapers Recommended Citation Ray, Subhash C., "Are Some Indian Bank Too Large? A Examination of Size Efficiency in Indian Banking" (2004). Economics Working Papers. 200428. https://opencommons.uconn.edu/econ_wpapers/200428 Department of Economics Working Paper Series Are Some Indian Bank Too Large? A Examination of Size Effi- ciency in Indian Banking Subhash Ray University of Connecticut Working Paper 2004-28 September 2004 341 Mansfield Road, Unit 1063 Storrs, CT 06269–1063 Phone: (860) 486–3022 Fax: (860) 486–4463 http://www.econ.uconn.edu/ Abstract In this paper we use data from the years 1997 through 2003 to evaluate the size efficiency of Indian banks. Following Maindiratta (1990) we consider a bank to be too large if breaking it up into a number of smaller units would result in a larger output bundle than what could be produced from the same input by a single bank. When this is the case, the bank is not size efficient. Our analysis shows that many of the banks are, in deed, too large in various years. We also find that often a bank is operating in the region of diminishing returns to scale but is not a candidate for break up. The author thanks Abhiman Das of Reserve Bank of India for providing the data. ARE SOME INDIAN BANKS TOO LARGE? AN EXAMINATION OF SIZE EFFICIENCY IN INDIAN BANKING Despite the presence of over seventy banks of public, private, and foreign ownership, the Indian banking industry is dominated by only a handful of them. -
Profile of Speakers
Profile of Speakers 1 Mr. Jaspal Bindra Chairman, FICCI Maharashtra State Council and Executive Chairman, Centrum Capital Ltd. Mr. Jaspal Singh Bindra has been an Executive Chairman and Director of Centrum Capital Limited since April 21, 2016. Mr. Bindra served as the Chief Executive of Asia at Standard Chartered PLC. Mr. Bindra served as StanChart Asia Group Executive Director at Standard Chartered Bank (Singapore) Limited. He served as the Chief Executive Officer and Group Executive Director of Standard Chartered Saadiq Malaysia Berhad. He served as the Global Head of Client Relationships for Standard Chartered Bank (Singapore) Limited. He served as the General Manager at Standard Chartered Bank India. He served as Group Head of Client Relationships and Wholesale Banking of Standard Chartered Bank Australia Ltd. until March 2005. Before moving to Singapore in January 2003, he served as a Regional General Manager of India for Standard Chartered Bank. He served as the Chief Executive Officer and General Manager at Standard Chartered Bank, India and served as Regional General Manager of South Asia at Standard Chartered PLC until March 2005, where he successfully led the acquisition of ANZ Grindlays to make SCB the largest international bank in India. He served as the Chief of Asia at Standard Chartered Bank. Mr. Bindra served as General Manager of South East & South Asia at Standard Chartered PLC since March 2005. He joined Standard Chartered in 1998, after four years with UBS Investment Banking. He began his career with Bank of America in 1984, where he worked across Treasury, Capital Markets and Consumer Banking in India and Singapore. -
2010 Annual Report
ANZ 2010 ANZ AnnualReport 2010 YOUR ANZ YOUR WORLD ANNUAL REPORT 2010 We live in your world Cover: James Riley, Relationship Manager and Jenny Fan, Assistant Manager, Business Banking, Melbourne, Australia BUILDING A BANK OF GLOBAL QUALITY WITH A REGIONAL FOCUS Almost three years ago ANZ took a decision to change. We set an aspiration to become a super regional bank – a bank of global quality with clear strategy to focus on growth in Asia Pacifi c, one of the world’s fastest growing regions. We had strong franchise in retail, commercial and institutional banking Together, our franchise, our clear strategy and the actions we have in our home markets of Australia and New Zealand and an existing but taken to change have uniquely positioned us to ride the wave of under developed presence in Asia dating back more than 30 years. growth in the region and to create value for our customers and for Our aspiration and the foundation we had to build on played perfectly our shareholders. into the growing economic, trade, educational and cultural linkages Today, ANZ is the only Australian bank with a clearly articulated between Australia, New Zealand and Asia Pacifi c. strategy to take advantage of Australia and New Zealand’s With our roadmap for change, ANZ remained well capitalised and geographic, business and cultural linkages with Asia, the fastest profi table through a time of great turmoil in global markets. This has growing region in the world. enabled us to take advantage of opportunities to grow and to make tangible progress toward becoming a leading bank in the region. -
Right Place Right Time 2012 Annual Report
2012 ANNUAL REPORT RIGHT PLACE RIGHT TIME OUR SUPER REGIONAL STRATEGY PUTS ANZ IN THE RIGHT PLACE AT THE RIGHT TIME OUR PEOPLE AND UNIQUE STRATEGY ARE THE KEYS TO OUR SUCCESS ANZ IS EXECUTING A FOCUSED STRATEGY TO BUILD THE BEST CONNECTED, MOST RESPECTED BANK ACROSS THE ASIA PACIFIC REGION. WHO WE ARE AND HOW WE OPERATE ANZ’s history of expansion and growth stretches over 175 years. We have a strong franchise in Retail, Commercial and Institutional banking in our home markets of Australia and New Zealand and we have been operating in Asia Paci c for more than 30 years. Today, ANZ operates in 32 markets globally. We are the third largest bank in Australia, the largest banking group in New Zealand and the Paci c, and among the top 20 banks in the world. Res pon P nd for si u OUR SUPER a ou bl r n ed k r c e p o t an pe u gr i ec b op st o o REGIONAL STRATEGY s n d n le om w i n te io a th s o c eg n e V c e r d rs a e t p r c , n s s u o sh d » Strengthening our business in e e o m b r s a p t s m r r e s o e o Australia, New Zealand and the r u h s h o n T c o p m a i t ld e Paci c, while establishing a signi cant ie r e i s r t s y presence in key markets in Asia. -
2017 Annual Report Anz 2017 Annual Report
2017 ANNUAL REPORT ANZ 2017 ANNUAL REPORT WE WANT OUR CUSTOMERS TO VALUE US AND THE COMMUNITY TO TRUST US. FOR THIS TO HAPPEN WE KNOW THAT THINGS NEED TO CHANGE AT ANZ. Cover story — Latrobe Valley Bus Lines Rhonda Renwick and her dedicated team at Latrobe Valley Bus Lines are rolling out new buses that are at the leading edge of transport technology in Australia. Since 2015 Latrobe Valley Bus Lines has been investing in low emission technologies which improve the efficiency and environmental impact of its buses. The newest vehicles in the fleet have been designed to dramatically reduce particulate emissions in the atmosphere. Latrobe Valley Bus Lines has been trialling new hybrid technology and will introduce eight new hybrid vehicles into the fleet over Rhonda Renwick, Managing Director the next three years. As the company focuses on its mission of helping the community, and providing the highest quality and safest service for its We are proud to be supporting a business like Latrobe Valley customers and employees, it has benefitted from its long-term Bus Lines — a Certified B Corporation — which shares our relationship with ANZ. commitment to helping communities thrive. It supports local manufacturing, is dedicated to fostering an inclusive “ANZ’s proactive team has a genuine understanding of our and safe workplace and promotes a number of grassroots business goals, providing flexibility along with competitive community organisations. banking options,” Rhonda explains. CONTENTS Our 2017 Reporting Suite 3 Our Approach to Risk Management 34 2017 Highlights 4 Remuneration Report 36 Chairman's Message 6 Directors' Report 62 CEO's Message 8 Auditor’s Independence Declaration 64 About our Business 10 Financial Report 65 Our Strategy 12 Shareholder Information 161 Our Performance 14 Glossary 169 Governance 24 Contacts 171 2 OUR 2017 REPORTING SUITE OUR 2017 REPORTING SUITE Stakeholder expectations of corporate reporting are changing and Our Corporate Governance Statement which discloses the we need to respond.