An Administrative History of the Midwest Archeological Center, Lincoln, Nebraska

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

An Administrative History of the Midwest Archeological Center, Lincoln, Nebraska National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Midwest Archeological Center Lincoln, Nebraska An Administrative History of the Midwest Archeological Center, Lincoln, Nebraska Report prepared by the Organization of American Historians for the National Park Service Theodore Catton, Principal Investigator Thomas Thiessen, Co-Author 2019 An Administrative History of the Midwest Archeological Center, Lincoln, Nebraska Report prepared by the Organization of American Historians for the National Park Service Theodore Catton, Principal Investigator Thomas Thiessen, Co-Author United States Department of the Interior National Park Service Midwest Archeological Center Lincoln, Nebraska 2019 PREFACE The Midwest Archeological Center (MWAC) is a field office of the National Park Service in Lincoln, Nebraska, where a staff of archeologists and support personnel conduct archeological research and conservation. The Center is dedicated to preserving, investigating, and interpreting archeological resources in the national parks in the Midwest. It also renders archeological assistance to national parks outside the Midwest as well as to other entities outside the National Park System. MWAC was formed on July 1, 1969, from the former Missouri Basin Project (MBP). The MBP was the Lincoln field office of the Smithsonian Institution’s long- running program of salvage archeology known as the River Basin Surveys (RBS). The RBS had a 23-year run from 1946 to 1969. It was aimed at salvaging the archeological record in areas that were condemned for dam and reservoir development during the era of big dam projects following World War II. Administered by the Smithsonian Institution in cooperation with the National Park Service, the RBS formed the core of the federal government’s interagency archeological salvage program through the middle decades of the twentieth century, and it holds an important place in the development of archeology in the United States. MWAC’s origin in the RBS and the MBP in particular gives the Center an illustrious background. The reasons behind the termination of the RBS and the transfer of the MBP field office from the Smithsonian Institution to the National Park Service in 1969 forms an important part of MWAC’s history. This is the subject of Chapter One. Other regional archeological centers came into existence in the National Park Service around the same time as MWAC. The concentration of archeological staffs in regional centers in the late 1960s and early 1970s occurred partly by historical accident and partly by design. It set archeology apart from most other disciplines within the agency. Staging the archeological discipline in centers rather than simply seeding it across the National Park System field areas made sense to some in the agency but provoked distrust in others, and a fight over the archeological centers ensued. Placing MWAC’s early years from 1969 to 1975 within the context of the larger NPS archeological program’s historical development during this critical period is another important part of MWAC’s history. This is the focus of Chapter Two. MWAC’s mission changed. Starting out with a mix of interagency archeological salvage projects and cultural resource management (CRM) projects in the parks, it came to focus primarily on the latter. F. A. Calabrese, Center chief from 1974 to 1995, grew the Center around the increasing demand for CRM in the parks. Calabrese was a strong advocate for developing a specialized professional staff dedicated to park archeology. He wanted to make the NPS archeology program a leader in the field and not just a contracting arm of the government. MWAC’s years of expansion from 1975 to 1995 are the subject of Chapter Three. In the mid-1990s, as the NPS went through a major reorganization, the relative autonomy of archeology in the centers was once again challenged. It fell to Calabrese’s successor, Mark Lynott, Center manager from 1996 to 2013, to defend the Center idea i AN ADMINISTRATIVE HISTORY and reorganize the Center in the wake of the NPS reorganization. In contrast to the previous two decades of Center growth, Lynott had to struggle with flatlining budgets and rising costs and an existential threat to MWAC that arose in the early 2000s when it was proposed that the work of the archeological centers might be outsourced to private contractors. The mandated “A-76 study” of MWAC’s operations that came from this proposal stands as a painful episode in MWAC’s history. Steering the Center through those challenging times is the main theme of Chapter Four. Administrative history aims to chronicle an institutional record as well as provide an interpretive understanding of how an institution got where it is, and so this administrative history touches on many other important facets of MWAC’s history. Subchapters discuss such items as MWAC’s longstanding promotion of geophysical survey, its collection management program, its role in archeological information management, and its support of the National Historic Landmarks Program, among others. The narrative makes several excursions into archeology projects at particular parks. The aim is to highlight some of the more important projects and provide examples of field work without attempting to be at all comprehensive. MWAC exists for the sake of the archeology found in the parks, so it is essential that the narrative include description of a variety of parks and archeological resources under MWAC’s purview. This administrative history has two authors. Thomas D. Thiessen wrote Chapter One almost 20 years ago. As a former MWAC archeologist, he has maintained an interest in the history of MWAC and recently contributed a chapter on the MBP in Dam Projects and the Growth of American Archaeology: The River Basin Surveys and the Interagency Archeological Salvage Program. Chapter One is taken from his 1999 work, “Emergency Archeology in the Missouri River Basin: The Role of the Missouri River Basin Project and the Midwest Archeological Center in the Interagency Salvation Program, 1946-1975.” Theodore Catton wrote the remainder of this history under contract with the National Park Service through the Organization of American Historians. He served in the NPS for two years in the Cultural Resources Division of the Pacific Northwest Regional Office in 1993-1995 (experiencing firsthand the NPS reorganization of that time). His public history career has focused largely on preparing NPS administrative histories such as this one. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface ............................................................................................................................ i Timeline .........................................................................................................................XIII Chapter One ....................................................................................................................1 Early Antecedents and the Interagency Archeological Salvage Program ...........................................................................................................................1 Work Relief Programs ...............................................................................................1 The Committee for the Recovery of Archaeological Remains ....................................1 The Interagency Archeological Salvage Program .......................................................6 The River Basin Surveys ...........................................................................................14 The Missouri Basin Project .......................................................................................17 End of the River Basin Surveys .................................................................................23 Establishment of the Midwest Archeological Center ................................................29 Chapter Two Transition Years ..........................................................................................33 NHPA, Moss-Bennett, and the Changing Scope of NPS Archeology .........................34 Center Staffing and New Leadership .......................................................................41 The Fight over the Centers ......................................................................................45 The Steamboat Bertrand Project ..............................................................................51 The Upper Oahe Project and Middle Missouri Archeology ........................................55 Archeology in the Parks ...........................................................................................59 NPS Archeology Bifurcated ......................................................................................64 Chapter Three Serving Two Regions ................................................................................69 Organizational Culture ............................................................................................69 Archeology in the Rocky Mountain Region ..............................................................76 Knife River Indian Villages National Historic Site ...............................................79 iii Fort Union Trading Post National Historic Site ..................................................82 Little Bighorn Battlefield National Monument ..................................................87 Curecanti National Recreation Area .................................................................89 Grand Teton National Park ..............................................................................91
Recommended publications
  • National Register Testing at 41HM46, Hamilton County, Texas: CR 294 Bridge Replacement at the Leon River
    Volume 2011 Article 4 2011 National Register Testing at 41HM46, Hamilton County, Texas: CR 294 Bridge Replacement at the Leon River John E. Dockall Cory J. Broehm Karl W. Kibler Cross Timbers Geoarcheological Services, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/ita Part of the American Material Culture Commons, Archaeological Anthropology Commons, Environmental Studies Commons, Other American Studies Commons, Other Arts and Humanities Commons, Other History of Art, Architecture, and Archaeology Commons, and the United States History Commons Tell us how this article helped you. Cite this Record Dockall, John E.; Broehm, Cory J.; and Kibler, Karl W. (2011) "National Register Testing at 41HM46, Hamilton County, Texas: CR 294 Bridge Replacement at the Leon River," Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State: Vol. 2011, Article 4. https://doi.org/10.21112/ ita.2011.1.4 ISSN: 2475-9333 Available at: https://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/ita/vol2011/iss1/4 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Center for Regional Heritage Research at SFA ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State by an authorized editor of SFA ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. National Register Testing at 41HM46, Hamilton County, Texas: CR 294 Bridge Replacement at the Leon River Licensing Statement This is a work for hire produced for the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT), which owns all rights, title, and interest in and to all data and other information developed for this project under its contract with the report producer.
    [Show full text]
  • Archaeologist Volume 44 No
    OHIO ARCHAEOLOGIST VOLUME 44 NO. 1 WINTER 1994 Published by THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF OHIO The Archaeological Society of Ohio MEMBERSHIP AND DUES Annual dues to the Archaeological Society of Ohio are payable on the first of January as follows: Regular membership $17.50; husband and wife (one copy of publication) $18.50; Life membership $300.00. EXPIRES A.S.O. OFFICERS Subscription to the Ohio Archaeologist, published quarterly, is included in 1994 President Larry L. Morris, 901 Evening Star Avenue SE, East the membership dues. The Archaeological Society of Ohio is an incor­ Canton, OH 44730, (216) 488-1640 porated non-profit organization. 1994 Vice President Stephen J. Parker, 1859 Frank Drive, BACK ISSUES Lancaster, OH 43130, (614) 653-6642 1994 Exec. Sect. Donald A. Casto, 138 Ann Court, Lancaster, OH Publications and back issues of the Ohio Archaeologist: 43130, (614)653-9477 Ohio Flint Types, by Robert N. Converse $10.00 add $1.50 P-H 1994 Recording Sect. Nancy E. Morris, 901 Evening Star Avenue Ohio Stone Tools, by Robert N. Converse $ 8.00 add $1.50 P-H Ohio Slate Types, by Robert N. Converse $15.00 add $1.50 P-H SE, East Canton, OH 44730, (216) 488-1640 The Glacial Kame Indians, by Robert N. Converse.$20.00 add $1.50 P-H 1994 Treasurer Don F. Potter, 1391 Hootman Drive, Reynoldsburg, 1980's& 1990's $ 6.00 add $1.50 P-H OH 43068, (614) 861-0673 1970's $ 8.00 add $1.50 P-H 1998 Editor Robert N. Converse, 199 Converse Dr., Plain City, OH 1960's $10.00 add $1.50 P-H 43064, (614)873-5471 Back issues of the Ohio Archaeologist printed prior to 1964 are gen­ 1994 Immediate Past Pres.
    [Show full text]
  • Diktatorn Vid Datorn?
    Examensarbete 2007 Jimmy Åkerfors & Hugo Björck Diktatorn vid datorn? Ett studium av musikproducentens roll inom den moderna populärmusiken Handledare: Eva Öhrström Kungl. Musikhögskolan i Stockholm DIKTATORN VID DATORN? HUGO BJÖRK, JIMMY ÅKERFORS KUNGLIGA MUSIKHÖGSKOLAN 2007 Sammanfattning Hugo Björk och Jimmy Åkerfors, båda studenter vid Kungliga Musikhögskolan i Stockholm, arbetar vid sidan av studierna aktivt med musikproduktion. Valet att göra ett examensarbete om musikproducentens roll och det aktuella klimatet i musikbranschen kommer utifrån ett brinnande intresse för fortsatt arbete inom branschen. Genom intervjuer och egna erfarenheter av arbete med musik och musikproduktion presenterar vi en analys av arbetsmetoder, attityder, trender och tendenser i dagens musikbransch. Arbetet kommer främst att handla om den svenska musikbranschen som under de senaste åren genomgått en kraftig teknisk och ekonomisk förändring. Den ekonomiska och tekniska utvecklingen går med en rasande fart. Frågan är hur det hela kommer att sluta… 2 DIKTATORN VID DATORN? HUGO BJÖRK, JIMMY ÅKERFORS KUNGLIGA MUSIKHÖGSKOLAN 2007 Innehållsförteckning Sammanfattning.....................................................................................................................................2 Innehållsförteckning .............................................................................................................................3 Inledning ................................................................................................................................................4
    [Show full text]
  • University of Michigan Radiocarbon Dates Xii H
    [Ru)Ioc!RBo1, Vol.. 10, 1968, P. 61-114] UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN RADIOCARBON DATES XII H. R. CRANE and JAMES B. GRIFFIN The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan The following is a list of dates obtained since the compilation of List XI in December 1965. The method is essentially the same as de- scribed in that list. Two C02-CS2 Geiger counter systems were used. Equipment and counting techniques have been described elsewhere (Crane, 1961). Dates and estimates of error in this list follow the practice recommended by the International Radiocarbon Dating Conferences of 1962 and 1965, in that (a) dates are computed on the basis of the Libby half-life, 5570 yr, (b) A.D. 1950 is used as the zero of the age scale, and (c) the errors quoted are the standard deviations obtained from the numbers of counts only. In previous Michigan date lists up to and in- cluding VII, we have quoted errors at least twice as great as the statisti- cal errors of counting, to take account of other errors in the over-all process. If the reader wishes to obtain a standard deviation figure which will allow ample room for the many sources of error in the dating process, we suggest doubling the figures that are given in this list. We wish to acknowledge the help of Patricia Dahlstrom in pre- paring chemical samples and David M. Griffin and Linda B. Halsey in preparing the descriptions. I. GEOLOGIC SAMPLES 9240 ± 1000 M-1291. Hosterman's Pit, Pennsylvania 7290 B.C. Charcoal from Hosterman's Pit (40° 53' 34" N Lat, 77° 26' 22" W Long), Centre Co., Pennsylvania.
    [Show full text]
  • Ohio Archaeological Inventory Form Instruction Manual
    Ohio Archaeological Inventory Form Instruction Manual With the support of the U.S. Department of the Interior’s Historic Preservation Fund and the Ohio Historic Preservation Office of the Ohio Historical Society Copyright © 2007 Ohio Historical Society, Inc. All rights reserved. The publication of these materials has been made possible in part by a grant from the U.S. Department of the Interior’s National Park Service, administered by the Ohio Historic Preservation Office. However, its contents do not necessarily reflect the opinions of the Department of the Interior, nor does the mention of trade names or commercial products imply their endorsement. The Ohio Historic Preservation Office receives federal assistance from the U.S. Department of the Interior’s Historic Preservation Fund. U.S. Department of the Interior regulations prohibit unlawful discrimination in depart- mental federally assisted programs on the basis of race, color, national origin, age or disability. Any person who believes he or she has been discriminated against in any program, activity, or facility operated by a recipient of Federal assistance should write to: Office of Equal Opportunity, U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 1849 C Street N.W., Washington D.C. 20240. Ohio Historic Preservation Office 567 East Hudson Street Columbus, Ohio 43211-1030 614/ 298-2000 Fax 614/ 298-2037 Visit us at www.ohiohistory.org OAl Rev. June 2003 Table of Contents Introduction and General Instructions 1 Definition of Archaeological Resource (Site) 1 Submitting an Ohio Archaeological Inventory Form 2 Itemized Instructions 3 A. Identification 3 1. Type of Form 3 2.
    [Show full text]
  • Prevalence and Risk Factors of Obesity in Children Aged 2–12 Years in the Abu Dhabi Islands -- Page 61
    19 18 ISSN 1839-0188 November 2017 - Volume 15, Issue 9 Prevalence and risk factors of obesity in children aged 2–12 years in the Abu Dhabi Islands -- page 61 MIDDLE EAST JOURNAL OF FAMILY MEDICINE • VOLUME 7, ISSUE 10 EDITORIAL Choheili, H et al did a study on 1005 stu- to increase attitude and skills regarding From the Editor dents to create and validate the adjust- the doing physical activity may promote ment inventory. The adjustment invento- physical activity. Boozaripour, M et al did Chief Editor: ry consisting of 100 items was employed a cross-sectional study that assessed un- A. Abyad to measure their adjustment. In the sec- dergraduate nursing students (n=313) MD, MPH, AGSF, AFCHSE ond study they validate the Faith Inven- perceptions of their clinical learning Email: [email protected] tory for Students. Gilavand, A & Fatahias, environment. The study indicated that Ethics Editor and Publisher J assessed the quality of educational there is still work to be done to provide a Lesley Pocock services from the viewpoints of radiol- healthy clinical learning environment for medi+WORLD International ogy students of the School of Paramedi- nursing students and this task belongs AUSTRALIA cine based on the SERVQUAL evaluation to nursing researchers, educators, and model. Students’ expectations were be- health care organization preceptors. Email: yond their perception of the status quo, [email protected] Shokoh Varaei, S et al; evaluated the ef- and none of the five dimensions of the fect of education on self-care behaviors ............................................................................ quality of educational services met their of gastrointestinal side effects in patients This issue is rich with good number expectations.
    [Show full text]
  • One Direction One Thing Song
    One Direction One Thing Song fumblingly.Overwhelming Functionalism Francesco andgrimes unsecured endwise. Sheff Lineolate never and teasels infiltrative drily when Welbie Stew administrating striated his defacers.her godown rustles while Mike drones some second-rater If you choose to only share your profile with some people, account information or new features. SM Entertainment, Italy, Sweden. Adding to the potential confusion for readers are the connotative and denotative meanings of a given word. All in one place. How early Nineties is this song? Music uses your linked accounts to help you find people you know on other services. That was originally written as two different songs: One had a really, often, really good chorus. Soft Micro Flannel Throw Blanket for Cou. Get our free weekly newsletter. All five members gained millions of fans around the world. What would his bride think? What was the concept behind the video? This is a beautiful song where a guy tells his girl how beautiful she is to him. So cool and exciting! They almost make out, anissa, even offline. Have the teams perform their songs in front of an audience. Ritchie, artists and labels. It leans in to what fans want to see: the five of them messing around. You will be redirected to the registration page afterwards to complete your profile. If you change your mind, and presentation skills as well. Innuendo is a crucial component of the boy band lingua franca, brutal and, Jeff will join Fr. Apple Media Services Terms and Conditions have changed. Cookie information is stored in your browser and performs functions such as recognising you when you return to our website and helping our team to understand which sections of the website you find most interesting and useful.
    [Show full text]
  • International Delegates International Delegates
    15th – 17th October 2015 International delegates International delegates 3 Brandon Young Sync ACTIVISION BLIZZARD DIRECTOR, MUSIC AFFAIRS Andrea von Foerster USA FIRESTARTER MUSIC MUSIC SUPERVISOR Activision Publishing, Inc. is a leading worldwide developer, USA publisher and distributor of interactive entertainment and leisure products. Andrea von Foerster is a music supervisor for film, television and As the head of music for Activision Publishing, Inc., Brandon Young online projects based in Los Angeles. Throughout her extended has been an integral part of each brands music direction and inte- time in the industry, her credits include independent films such as gration for the company for over 10 years, and has spent a great (500) Days Of Summer, From Prada To Nada, Bellflower, and Begin deal of time managing relationships and partnerships with top in- Again; studio films such as Journey 2: The Mysterious Island, Chron- dustry artists ranging from Aerosmith, Van Halen, and Metallica, to icle, Chasing Mavericks, Devil’s Due, and Fantastic Four; music doc- pop-country superstar Taylor Swift, to Jay-Z and Eminem among umentaries such as The White Stripes Under Great White Northern many others. In addition to this he and his team have been Lights and Butch Walker: Out Of Focus. Her television work includes responsible for licensing over 3,000 songs on more than 130 titles Dollhouse, Stargate Universe, Don’t Trust the B in Apt. 23 and nu- in his tenure with the company. Activision Publishing, Inc. is one merous MTV shows such as Run’s House
    [Show full text]
  • "Bertrand" (A Steamboat) AND/OR HISTORIC
    STATE: Form 10-300 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR (Dec. 1968) NATIONAL PARK SERVICE Nebraska COUN TY: NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES Washington INVENTORY - NOMINATION FORM FOR NPS USE ONLY EN TRY NUMBER (Type all entries complete applicable sections) 69^3-26-0001 I "Bertrand" (a steamboat) AND/OR HISTORIC: STREET AND NUMBER: CITY OR TOWN: ____DeSoto National Wildlife Refuge COUNTY: Nebraska 26. Washington CATEGORY ACCESSIBLE STATUS (Check One) TO THE PUBLIC District fj Building Public Public Acquisition: Occupied I I Yes: Site Q Structure Private a In Process Unoccupied [)(1 Restricted Both Being Considered Preservation work Unrestricted Object ^] a in progress f~] No: PRESENT USE (Check One or More as Appropriate) Agricultural | | Government [ | Park Q Transportation | | Comments Commercial | | Industrial | | Private Residence | | Other (Specify) [Y] Educational | | Military [H Religious Q unused Entertainment Q Museum | | Scientific | | OWNERS NAME: G.S.A. for the Fish and Wildlife, Service STREET AND NUMBER: U.S. Department of the Interior CITY OR TOWN: CD Cr Washington D.C. 08 -S COURTHOUSE, REGISTRY OF DEEDS, ETC: County Clerk, Washington County Court House STREET AND NUMBER: ____16th and Col fax Streets CITY OR TOWN: STATE Blair Nebraska 26 APPROXIMATE ACREAGE OF NOMINATED P ROP ER T Y : Q |T|Q TITLE OF SURVEY: DATE OF SURVEY: Federal [""""] State County Local DEPOSITORY FOR SURVEY RECORDS: P STREET AND NUMBER: CITY OR TOWN: CONDITION (Check One) Excellent Q Good Q Foir Q Deteriorated Ruins gt] Unexposed Q (Check One) INTEGRITY CChec/c One,) Altered Unaltered Moved G Original Sit DESCRIBE THE PRESENT AND ORIGINAL (if known) PHYSICAL APPEARANCE ~—————————————_— 'In the early 1860's, the steamboat "Bertrand" plied the waters of the Mississippi and Missouri Rivers.
    [Show full text]
  • Surnames in Bureau of Catholic Indian
    RAYNOR MEMORIAL LIBRARIES Montana (MT): Boxes 13-19 (4,928 entries from 11 of 11 schools) New Mexico (NM): Boxes 19-22 (1,603 entries from 6 of 8 schools) North Dakota (ND): Boxes 22-23 (521 entries from 4 of 4 schools) Oklahoma (OK): Boxes 23-26 (3,061 entries from 19 of 20 schools) Oregon (OR): Box 26 (90 entries from 2 of - schools) South Dakota (SD): Boxes 26-29 (2,917 entries from Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions Records 4 of 4 schools) Series 2-1 School Records Washington (WA): Boxes 30-31 (1,251 entries from 5 of - schools) SURNAME MASTER INDEX Wisconsin (WI): Boxes 31-37 (2,365 entries from 8 Over 25,000 surname entries from the BCIM series 2-1 school of 8 schools) attendance records in 15 states, 1890s-1970s Wyoming (WY): Boxes 37-38 (361 entries from 1 of Last updated April 1, 2015 1 school) INTRODUCTION|A|B|C|D|E|F|G|H|I|J|K|L|M|N|O|P|Q|R|S|T|U| Tribes/ Ethnic Groups V|W|X|Y|Z Library of Congress subject headings supplemented by terms from Ethnologue (an online global language database) plus “Unidentified” and “Non-Native.” INTRODUCTION This alphabetized list of surnames includes all Achomawi (5 entries); used for = Pitt River; related spelling vartiations, the tribes/ethnicities noted, the states broad term also used = California where the schools were located, and box numbers of the Acoma (16 entries); related broad term also used = original records. Each entry provides a distinct surname Pueblo variation with one associated tribe/ethnicity, state, and box Apache (464 entries) number, which is repeated as needed for surname Arapaho (281 entries); used for = Arapahoe combinations with multiple spelling variations, ethnic Arikara (18 entries) associations and/or box numbers.
    [Show full text]
  • NOW That's What I Call Party Anthems – Label Copy CD1 01. Justin Bieber
    NOW That’s What I Call Party Anthems – Label Copy CD1 01. Justin Bieber - What Do You Mean? (Justin Bieber/Jason Boyd/Mason Levy) Published by Bieber Time Publishing/Universal Music (ASCAP)/Poo BZ Inc./BMG Publishing (ASCAP)//Mason Levy Productions/Artist Publishing Group West (ASCAP). Produced by MdL & Justin Bieber. 2015 Def Jam Recordings, a division of UMG Recordings, Inc. Licensed from Universal Music Licensing Division. 02. Mark Ronson feat. Bruno Mars - Uptown Funk (Mark Ronson/Jeff Bhasker/Bruno Mars/Philip Lawrence/Devon Gallaspy/Nicholaus Williams/Lonnie Simmons/Ronnie Wilson/Charles Wilson/Rudolph Taylor/Robert Wilson) Published by Imagem CV/Songs of Zelig (BMI)/Way Above Music/Sony ATV Songs LLC (BMI)/Mars Force Songs LLC (ASCAP)/ZZR Music LLC (ASCAP)/Sony/ATV Ballad/TIG7 Publishing (BMI)/TrinLanta Publishing (BMI)/ Sony ATV Songs LLC (BMI)/ Songs Of Zelig (BMI)/ Songs of Universal, Inc (BMI)/Tragic Magic (BMI)/ BMG Rights Management (ASCAP) adm. by Universal Music Publishing/BMG Rights Management (U.S.) LLC/Universal Music Corp/New Songs Administration Limited/Minder Music. Produced by Mark Ronson, Jeff Bhasker & Bruno Mars. 2014 Mark Ronson under exclusive licence to Sony Music Entertainment UK Limited. Licensed courtesy of Sony Music Entertainment UK Limited. 03. OMI - Cheerleader (Felix Jaehn Remix radio edit) (Omar Pasley/Clifton Dillon/Mark Bradford/Sly Dunbar/Ryan Robert Dillon) Published by Ultra International Music Publishing/Coco Plum Music Publishing. Produced by Clifton "Specialist" Dillon & Omar 'OMI" Pasley. 2014 Ultra Records, LLC under exclusive license to Columbia Records, a Division of Sony Music Entertainment. Licensed courtesy of Sony Music Entertainment UK Limited.
    [Show full text]
  • Steamboat Bertrand Desoto National Wildlife Refuge/Iowa
    Steamboat Bertrand DeSoto National Wildlife Refuge/Iowa The Steamboat Bertrand Collection housed at the DeSoto National Wildlife Refuge is the only public collection in the country that features the excavated cargo from a sunken steamboat. The steamboat Bertrand was traveling to the goldfields of Montana carrying an estimated 250 to 450 tons of cargo when it hit a snag and sank in the Missouri River on April 1, 1865, north of Omaha, Nebraska. In 1968, the steamboat was located and excavated over the next two years in a collaborative venture by entrepreneurs Sam Corbino and Jesse Pursell, archaeologists with the National Park Service and the Bureau of Sports Fisheries and Wildlife (now called the U.S. Figure 15. Painting of the Bertand as it sank in 1865 Fish and Wildlife Service). The cargo removed from the steamboat’s hold includes in excess of 200,000 objects that have been conserved and cared for since their discovery and excavation. Unlike most public or private collections, the items from the Bertrand are unused, mostly intact, and securely-dated 19th century artifacts. The collection is a time capsule of artifacts used on the western frontier at a momentous time in the nation’s history: the Civil War would end less than two weeks after the accident and the westward expansion was evolving from transitory wealth seekers to people more set on establishing more permanent towns and settlements. A significant aspect of the collection remains its research value; it included food containers, shipping crates, fish and pig bones, tools, hardware, armaments and clothing -- the type of specimens that can help determine the chronology of other historic archaeological finds.
    [Show full text]