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The Languages of Vanuatu: Unity and Diversity Alexandre François, Sébastien Lacrampe, Michael Franjieh, Stefan Schnell

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The Languages of Vanuatu: Unity and Diversity Alexandre François, Sébastien Lacrampe, Michael Franjieh, Stefan Schnell To cite this version: Alexandre François, Sébastien Lacrampe, Michael Franjieh, Stefan Schnell. The Languages of Vanu- atu: Unity and Diversity. Alexandre François; Sébastien Lacrampe; Michael Franjieh; Stefan Schnell. France. 5, Asia Pacific Linguistics Open Access, 2015, Studies in the Languages of Island Melanesia, 9781922185235. halshs-01186004 HAL Id: halshs-01186004 https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-01186004 Submitted on 23 Aug 2015 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial - NoDerivatives| 4.0 International License THE LANGUAGES OF VANUATU UNITY AND DIVERSITY Edited by Alexandre François Sébastien Lacrampe Michael Franjieh Stefan Schnell uages o ang f Is L la e nd h t M in e l a Asia-Pacific Linguistics s e n i e ng ge of I d a u a s l L s and the M ni e l a s e s n i e d i u s t a S ~ ~ A s es ia- c P A c u acfi n i i c O pe L n s i g ius itc a t S ~ Open Access ~ A s s s i e a c -P c a A Studies in the Languages of Island Melanesia ci n fic pe Linguistics O SLIM 5 AP-L 21 7KHODQJXDJHVRI9DQXDWX8QLW\DQGGLYHUVLW\ edited by $OH[DQGUH)UDQ©RLV6«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he languages of Vanuatu: Unity and DiversitySURYLGHVQHZLQVLJKWVRQWRWKH VULFKOLQJXLVWLFODQGVFDSHڙPDQ\IDFHWVRI9DQXDWX Cover design: +DQQDK5¸GGH )ROORZLQJWKHSULQFLSOHVRIAsia–Pacific LinguisticsSXEOLFDWLRQVDOOWKHDUWLFOHVLQWKH SUHVHQWYROXPHKDYHIROORZHGDVWULFWSURFHVVRIGRXEOHEOLQGSHHUUHYLHZLQJ guages of an Isl L an he d t M $VLD3DFLILF/LQJXLVWLFV in e l s a e n i e guages of d an Isl L a e nd h t M in e l s a s e n i e d s u i t a S ~ ~ A s s s i e a c -P c u ac A i n fic pe i Linguistics O t a Open Access S ~ ~ Studies in the Languages of Island Melanesia (SLIM) A s s s i e a c - c &ROOHJHRI$VLDDQGWKH3DFLILF Pa A c n ific pe 7KH$XVWUDOLDQ1DWLRQDO8QLYHUVLW\ Ling ics O uist 7KHODQJXDJHVRI9DQXDWX 8QLW\DQGGLYHUVLW\ edited by $OH[DQGUH)UDQ©RLV 6«EDVWLHQ/DFUDPSH 0LFKDHO)UDQMLHK 6WHIDQ6FKQHOO 6/,0 $3/ Asia-Pacific Linguistics Open Access Studies in the Languages of Island Melanesia (SLIM) SLIM EDITORIAL BOARD: Isabelle Bril, Bethwyn Evans, Alexandre François, Bill Palmer. SLIM ADVISORY BOARD: Paul Geraghty, John Lynch, Andrew Pawley, Malcolm Ross, Nick Thieberger. A-PL EDITORIAL BOARD: I Wayan Arka, Mark Donohue, Bethwyn Evans, Nicholas Evans, Simon Greenhill, Gwendolyn Hyslop, David Nash, Bill Palmer, Andrew Pawley, Malcolm Ross, Paul Sidwell, Jane Simpson. Published by Asia-Pacific Linguistics College of Asia and the Pacific The Australian National University Canberra ACT 2600 Australia Copyright in this edition is vested with the author(s) Released under Creative Commons License (Attribution 4.0 International) First published: 2015 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1885/14819 National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry: Title: The languages of Vanuatu: Unity and diversity / Alexandre François, Sébastien Lacrampe, Michael Franjieh, Stefan Schnell, eds. Series Asia-Pacific linguistics / Studies in the Languages of Island Melanesia A-PL 021 / SLIM 005 ISBN: 9781922185235 (ebook) Subjects: Historical linguistics--Vanuatu. Linguistic analysis (Linguistics). Vanuatu--Languages. Dewey number 499.995 Other Creators/ François, Alexandre, editor. Contributors Lacrampe, Sébastien, editor. Franjieh, Michael, editor. Schnell, Stefan, editor. Australian National University. Asia-Pacific Linguistics, issuing body. 7DEOHRIFRQWHQWV 7KHH[FHSWLRQDOOLQJXLVWLFGHQVLW\RI9DQXDWX ,QWURGXFWLRQWRWKHYROXPH BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB Alexandre François, Michael Franjieh, Sébastien Lacrampe, Stefan Schnell &RPSOHWLQJDQGWHUPLQDWLQJ 2QDVSHFWPDUNLQJLQ8QXDBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB Elizabeth Pearce 0RYHWKHka 9DOHQF\DQG,QVWUXPHQWDOVKLIWLQ%LHUHERBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB Peter Budd 7KHLQLWLDOYRZHOFRS\LQWKH6DNDRGLDOHFWRI:DQRKH (VSLULWX6DQWR BBBBBBBBBB Benjamin Touati 7KHFRQVWUXFWVXIIL[LQ1RUWK$PEU\PBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB Michael Franjieh 1XPHUDOVLQ6DBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB Murray Garde 7KHLQVDQGRXWVRIupDQGdown 'LVHQWDQJOLQJWKHQLQHJHRFHQWULFVSDFHV\VWHPVRI7RUUHVDQG%DQNVODQJXDJHVBBBBBBB Alexandre François "ڝMXVWDGLDOHFWڜVLWZRUWKGRFXPHQWLQJ, 0DNLQJWKHFDVHIRU6XUX.DYLDQ 3HQWHFRVW,VODQG BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB Cynthia Schneider & Andrew Gray 1RWMXVWVWRULHV 7KHUXOHVDQGUROHVRIRUDOQDUUDWLYHVLQ7DPDPERBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB Dorothy Jauncey :DONLQJWR(UUR 6WRULHVRIWUDYHORULJLQVRUDIIHFWLRQBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB Nick Thieberger uages o ang f Is L la e nd h t M in e l s a e n i e guages of d an Isl L a e nd h t M in e l s a s e n i e d s u i t a S ~ ~ A s s s i e a c -P c u ac A i n fic pe i Linguistics O t a S ~ ~ A s s s i e a c -P c a A ci n fic pe 7KHH[FHSWLRQDO Linguistics O OLQJXLVWLFGHQVLW\RI9DQXDWX Introduction to the volume $18&DQEHUUD1563DULV&ړ/$&,72 OH[DQGUH)UDQ©RLV$ 0LFKDHO)UDQMLHK 8QLYHUVLW\RI1HZFDVWOH$XVWUDOLD 6«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in situ GLYHUVL ILFDWLRQIURPDVLQJOHDQFHVWRU3URWR2FHDQLF7KLVKLVWRULFDOSURFHVVWRRNWKHIRUPRI PXOWLSOHOLQJXLVWLFLQQRYDWLRQV WKDWVSUHDGDFURVVWKHGLDOHFWFRQWLQXXPLQHQWDQJOHG V OLQJXLVWLF GLYHUVLW\LVنSDWWHUQV EULQJLQJ DERXW WKH PRVDLF ZHNQRZ WRGD\ 9DQXDWX QRZ LQFUHDVLQJO\ WKUHDWHQHG E\ WKH VSUHDG RI WKH QDWLRQDO ODQJXDJH %LVODPD 7KH YDULRXV FKDSWHUV LQ WKLV YROXPH GHVFULEH DQG GLVFXVV VRPH RI WKH FXOWXUDO DQG OLQJXLVWLFIHDWXUHVWKDWPDNH9DQXDWXVXFKDGLYHUVHDUFKLSHODJR Citation François, Alexandre; Michael Franjieh; Sébastien Lacrampe; Stefan Schnell. 2015. The exceptional linguistic density of Vanuatu. In A. François, S. Lacrampe, M. Franjieh, S. Schnell (eds), The Languages of Vanuatu: Unity and Diversity. Studies in the Languages of Island Melanesia, 5. Canberra: Asia-Pacific Linguistics. Pp. 1-21. Acknowledgments This work was partially supported by a public grant overseen by the French National Research Agency (ANR) as part of the program “Investissements d’Avenir” (ref. ANR-10-LABX-0083). Copyright © 2015, the author(s), release under Creative Commons Attribution license 6WXG\LQJWKHODQJXDJHVRI9DQXDWX 7KH SUHVHQW SXEOLFDWLRQ FRQVWLWXWHV WKH ILUVW HGLWHG YROXPH VSHFLILFDOO\ GHGLFDWHG WR WKH ODQJXDJHVRI9DQXDWX:LWKDVPDQ\DVGLVWLQFWODQJXDJHV>i@WKLVDUFKLSHODJRRIWKH 6RXWK3DFLILFVWLOONHHSVPDQ\WUHDVXUHVKLGGHQ\HWWKHODVWWZRGHFDGHVKDYHVHHQDVWHDG\ LQFUHDVHLQWKHQXPEHURIVFKRODUVGHGLFDWHGWRWKHH[SORUDWLRQRIWKHVHODQJXDJHV 'XULQJWKHWZHQWLHWKFHQWXU\WKHODQJXDJHVRIZKDWZDVWKHQNQRZQDVWKH&RQGRPLQLXP RIWKH1HZ+HEULGHVZHUHLQLWLDOO\GRFXPHQWHGE\DKDQGIXORIPLVVLRQDULHVDQGHDUO\VFKRO \6LGQH\ 5D ړ DQLHO 0DF'RQDOG' ړ DUV LQFOXGLQJ 5REHUW &RGULQJWRQ François, Franjieh, Lacrampe, Schnell ړ V VDZ UHQHZHG VFKRODUVKLS LQ WKH GRPDLQ 7KH ړ UWKXU &DSHOO$ ړ VNew Hebrides LanguagesDFRPSHQGLXPRIڙRI'DUUHOO7U\RQZLWKWKHSXEOLFDWLRQLQ EDVLF YRFDEXODU\ OLVWV LQ GLVWLQFW OLQJXLVWLF YDULHWLHV ZKHWKHU ODQJXDJHV RU GLDOHFWV HJړERXWWKHVDPHSHULRGRWKHUVFKRODUVXQGHUWRRNWKHGHVFULSWLRQRIVHYHUDOODQJXDJHV$ -RKQ/\QFKLQ7DQQD-HDQ0LFKHO&KDUSHQWLHULQ6RXWK0DODNXOD7HUU\&URZOH\LQ3DDPD 5RVV&ODUNRQ3RO\QHVLDQRXWOLHUV$VWKH1HZ+HEULGHVEHFDPHLQGHSHQGHQWLQXQGHU WKH QDPH Vanuatu OLQJXLVWV ZRXOG DOVR LQFUHDVLQJO\ SD\ DWWHQWLRQ QRW RQO\ WR LWV PDQ\ @VQDWLRQDOODQJXDJH>iڙ\YHUQDFXODUODQJXDJHVEXWDOVRWR%LVODPDWKHQHZFRXQWU 7KHHDUO\\HDUVRILQGHSHQGHQFHZHUHIROORZHGE\DPRUDWRULXPRQUHVHDUFKIURPWR 7D\ORU 7KLHEHUJHU [[YLLL ,Q HQFRXUDJHG E\5DOSK 5HJHQYDQX WKH QHZ GLUHFWRURIWKH9DQXDWX&XOWXUDO&HQWUHWKHFRXQWU\RSHQHGXSWRIRUHLJQDFDGHPLFVDJDLQ 0DQ\SHRSOHZHUHWKHQDZDUHRIWKHXVHIXOUROHOLQJXLVWVFRXOGSOD\LQGRFXPHQWLQJWKHOLQ JXLVWLFZHDOWKRIWKHDUFKLSHODJRZKLOHLWVPDQ\ODQJXDJHVZHUHVWLOOEHLQJDFWLYHO\VSRNHQ 7KH IROORZLQJ WZR GHFDGHV
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    Where *R they all? The Geography and History of *R-loss in Southern Oceanic Languages Alexandre François To cite this version: Alexandre François. Where *R they all? The Geography and History of *R-loss in Southern Oceanic Languages. Oceanic Linguistics, University of Hawai’i Press, 2011, 50 (1), pp.140 - 197. 10.1353/ol.2011.0009. hal-01137686 HAL Id: hal-01137686 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01137686 Submitted on 17 Oct 2016 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Where *R they all? The Geography and History of *R-loss in Southern Oceanic Languages Alexandre François LANGUES ET CIVILISATIONS À TRADITION ORALE (CNRS), PARIS, AND AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY Some twenty years ago, Paul Geraghty offered a large-scale survey of the retention and loss of Proto-Oceanic *R across Eastern Oceanic languages, and concluded that *R was “lost in proportion to distance from Western Oceanic.” This paper aims at testing Geraghty’s hypothesis based on a larger body of data now available, with a primary focus on a tightly knit set of languages spoken in Vanuatu. By observing the dialectology of individual lexical items in this region, I show that the boundaries between languages retaining vs.
  • Léopold2016 Evaluating Harvest and Management Strategies for Sea

    Léopold2016 Evaluating Harvest and Management Strategies for Sea

    Evaluating harvest and management strategies for sea cucumber fisheries in Vanuatu Executive report August 2016 Marc Léopold BICH2MER Project No 4860A1 BICHLAMAR 4 Project No CS14-3007-101 Evaluating harvest and management strategies for sea cucumber fisheries in Vanuatu Marc Léopold August 2016 BICH2MER Project No 4860A1 BICHLAMAR 4 Project No CS14-3007-101 Harvest and management strategies in Vanuatu – Executive report – M. Léopold 2016 / 2 This executive report was produced specifically for consideration by the Department of Fisheries of the Government of Vanuatu following the closure of sea cucumber fisheries on December, 31 st 2015. It contains key findings and advice based the author’s research activities in Vanuatu between 2010 and 2016, relevant scientific literature, most recent catch and export monitoring records and interviews with managers of the Department of Fisheries of Vanuatu, community members, and members of the industry in Vanuatu conducted by the authors in March 2016. FUNDING The project was funded by the Government of New Caledonia, the Northern Province of New Caledonia and the IRD as part of the Memorandum of Understanding No 4860A1 (BICH2MER project) and as part of the contract No CS14-3007-101 between the Department of Fisheries of Vanuatu and the Government of New Caledonia (BICHLAMAR 4 project). ACKNOWLEGMENTS The author would like to thank the fishers, entitlement holders, processors, and managers of the Department of Fisheries of Vanuatu who contributed in a spirit of achieving the best outcomes for the sea cucumber fishery in Vanuatu. Particular thanks to Rocky Kaku and Jayven Ham of the Department of Fisheries of Vanuatu for organizing meetings and providing fishery data.
  • TORBA Provincial Disaster & Climate Response Plan

    TORBA Provincial Disaster & Climate Response Plan

    PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT COUNCIL PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT OFFICE NATIONAL TORBA ADVISORY BOARD Provincial Disaster & Climate ON CC & DRR Response Plan 2016 Province of TORBA – 2016 PLAN AUTHORIZATION This Plan has been prepared by TORBA Provincial Government Councils in pursuance of Section 11(1) of the National Disaster Act of 2000 and the National Climate Change & Disaster Risk Reduction Policy. ENDORSED BY: _______________________ Date: / / 2016 Mr. Judas Silas Chairperson Provincial Disaster & Climate Change Committee This Plan is approved in accordance with Section 11(2) of the National Disaster Act 2000 and is in-line with the National Climate Change & Disaster Risk Reduction Policy 2015-2030. APPROVED BY: ___________________ Date: / / 2016 Mr. Shadrack Welegtabit Director National Disaster Management Office Ministry Of Climate Change and Disasters ___________________ Date: / / 2016 Mr. David Gibson Director VMGD Office Ministry Of Climate Change and Disasters ___________________ Date: / / 2016 Ms Anna Bule Secretariat National Advisory Board on Climate Change & Disaster Risk Reduction ___________________ Date: / / 2016 Ms Ketty Napwatt Secretary General TORBA Provincial Government i | Province of TORBA – 2016 PREFACE Disaster Risk Management (DRM) Provincial level is a dynamic process. In order to adequately respond to disasters, there must be a comprehensive and coordinated approach between national, provincial and community levels. This plan has been developed to provide guidelines on how to manage different risks in the province, taking into account the effects of the climate change that increase the strength of the hazard and potential impacts of future disasters. This Provincial Disaster & Climate Response Plan provides directive to all agencies on the conduct of Disaster Preparedness and Emergency operations.
  • The Paamese Language of Vanuatu

    The Paamese Language of Vanuatu

    PACIFIC LINGUISTICS Series B - No. 87 THE PAAMESE LANGUAGE OF VANUATU by Terry Crowley Department of Linguistics Research School of Pacific Studies THE AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY Crowley, T. The Paamese language of Vanuatu. B-87, xii + 280 pages. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1982. DOI:10.15144/PL-B87.cover ©1982 Pacific Linguistics and/or the author(s). Online edition licensed 2015 CC BY-SA 4.0, with permission of PL. A sealang.net/CRCL initiative. PACIFIC LINGUISTICS is issued through the Linguistic Circle of Canberra and consists of four series: SERIES A - Occasional Papers SERIES B - Monographs SERIES C - Books SERIES D - Special Publications EDITOR: S.A. Wurm ASSOCIATE EDITORS: D.C. Laycock, C.L. Voorhoeve, D.T. Tryon, T.E. Dutton EDITORIAL ADVISERS: B.W. Bender John Lynch University of Hawaii University of Papua New Guinea David Bradley K.A. McElhanon La Trobe University University of Texas A. Capell H.P. McKaughan University of Sydney University of Hawaii Michael G. Clyne P. MUhlhliusler Monash University Linacre College, Oxford S.H. Elbert G.N. O'Grady University of Hawaii University of Victoria, B.C. K.J. Franklin A.K. Pawley Summer Institute of Linguistics University of Auckland W.W. Glover K.L. Pike University of Michigan; Summer Institute of Linguistics Summer Institute of Linguistics G.W. Grace E.C. Polome University of Hawaii University of Texas M.A.K. Halliday Gillian Sankoff University of Sydney University of Pennsylvania E. Haugen W.A.L. Stokhof National Center for Harvard University Language Development, Jakarta; A. Healey University of Leiden Summer Institute of Linguistics E.
  • Ura: a Disappearing Language of Southern Vanuatu

    Ura: a Disappearing Language of Southern Vanuatu

    Ura: A disappearing language ofsouthern Vanuatu Crowley, T. Ura: A Disappearing Language of Southern Vanuatu. C-156, x + 226 pages. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1999. DOI:10.15144/PL-C156.cover ©1999 Pacific Linguistics and/or the author(s). Online edition licensed 2015 CC BY-SA 4.0, with permission of PL. A sealang.net/CRCL initiative. PACIFIC LINGUISTICS FOUNDlNG EDITOR: Stephen A. Wurm EDITORIAL BOARD: Malcolm D. Ross and Darrell T. Tryon (Managing Editors), John Bowden, Thomas E. Dutton, Andrew K. Pawley Pacific Linguistics is a publisher specialising in linguistic descriptions, dictionaries, atlases and other material on languages of the Pacific, the Philippines, Indonesia and Southeast Asia. The authors and editors of Pacific Linguistics publications are drawn from a wide range of institutions around the world. Pacific Linguistics is associated with the Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies at The Australian National University. Pacific Linguistics was established in 1963 through an initial grant from the Hunter Douglas Fund. It is a non-profit-making body financed largely from the sales of its books to libraries and individuals throughout the world, with some assistance fromthe School. The Editorial Board of Pacific Linguistics is made up of the academic staff of the School's Department of Linguistics. The Board also appoints a body of editorial advisors drawn from the international community of linguists. Publications in Series A, B and C and textbooks in Series D are refereed by scholars with relevant expertise who are normally not members of the editorial board. To date Pacific Linguistics has published over 400 volumes in four series: • Series A: Occasional Papers; collections of shorter papers, usually on a single topic or area.