VALUATION TERMINOLOGY STANDARDISATION TO IMPLEMENT MASS APPRAISAL AT LOCAL AUTHORITIES FOR AN INTEGRATED GREEN COMPUTING ENVIRONMENT IN

Chitrakala Muthuveerappan, Buang Alias, Mohd Shafie

ABSTRACT In property taxation, mass appraisal is the best practice being applied by various developed contries to support paperless administation for Local Authorities. In Malaysia, the existing mass appraisal model being developed at Universiti Teknologi Malaysia is aimed to assist mass appraisal for Local Authorities under Malaysian environment and to standardise the list of mass appraisal parameters at national level. At present, the emerging issues in mass appraisal model that obstruct green computing implementation are the capacity gap, the hedonic model parameters, lack of parameters' value classification, and the parameters' terminology usage by the Local Authorities. The lack of valuation terminology standardisation consequently obstructs to provide an integrated and automated environment among mass appraisal, finance and GIS departments at Local Authority's administration. The vigorous issues at present which is the standardisation of valuation terminology, and the proposed terminology glossary are discussed.

KEYWORDS: Mass Appraisal, Mass Appraisal Parameters Standardisation, Valuation Teminology Standardisation.

1. INTRODUCTION valuation. During the interval the property Property Valuation is essential for taxation as it values were not updated according to current is one of the major income resources for every value is a loss for the local authorities and to the Local Authorities (LA). In Malaysia, the Local nation. Government Act 1976 allows the taxing powers among Local Government Units (LGU) to The current practices of valuation from data impose and collect property tax (rates) as long collection until analysis are carried as a pre- as they are within the ceilings that are prescribed stage to implement in a paper based under Act 171. The amount targeted is set so as environment. Such practices effect in long-term to meet their pre-determined annual financial which would be the cause of ever-rising costs budgets which comprises of the costs of and increased space required to store files. At administration, providing public services, present, most local authorities' record keeping infrastructures, maintenance, landscapes, staff are paper based. Retrieving and updating of salaries, etc. information are costly and hevily time- consuming due to paper based (manual) On the other hand, the Act 171 insists every communication either within or inter local government to carry out property departments. For example, change of the inspection within their jurisdiction every 5 years landtitle could be done within the valuation once. According to Dzrull et al (2008), 5.26% of department of any LA. The ownership or local authorities follow this periodical property corresponding information of a property needs inspection whereas 31.58% every 10-15 years to be updated with valuation and finance once and the rest 63.16% of local authorities department whereas renovation approval need to performing the revaluation exercise on a 15 year be updated with the valuation and planning interval or more due to lack of manpower and departments, etc. the budget allocation for property inspection and

Managing Assets and Infrastructure in the Chaotic Global Economic Competitiveness 13 The keen examination on the Information many Local Authorities use hedonic model for Technology (IT) tools, and discussion with valuation. Local Authorities and Valuers identified that the IT systems purchased by related organisations A hedonic based mass appraisal The Multiple aimed to increase their performance in day-to• Regression Analysis (MRA) allows estimation day tasks do not assist property valuation of the relative contribution of each variable to efficiently. These IT systems merely store and the property value, and the direction as well as retrieve the property details similar to databases. the magnitude of each variable's impact. The The payments of rates or tax by clients are MRA methodology has been in place for over digitized only in finance departments but the 40 years now and is widely applied in various data are unsynchronized and decentralized as countries and large cities. Hence most of the one copy is digitally kept by fmance department mass valuation or appraisal has been based on whilst other departments using set paper based. multiple regression analysis methods (Mark and Subsequently, the valuation of properties for Goldberg, 1988) which have been popular taxation purposes is performed manually yet. because of their established methodology, long history and wide acceptance among both Hence, the property valuation being carried at practitioners and academicians (Do and present is limited with increased properties in Grudnitski, 1992; Mark and Goldberg, 1988). numbers, limited property inspection time under As mentioned above few have used the system a specific period, less manpower, capacity to conduct the valuation exercise on a mass building inline with technology, and accurate basis including Malaysia. valuation etc., lead to adopt automation and Mass Appraisal. 3. MASS APPRAISAL AND GREEN COMPUTING IN MALAYSIA 2. MASS APPRAISAL IN MALAYSIA Our observations found that there are three mass In Malaysia, the improved property valuation is appraisal models that have been applied for excercised by the state of and the rest of green computing on mass appraisal namely: a) the states are pracitising annual property GIS-based Mass Appraisal Model, b) Computer valuation (Dzrullkamaian et al, 2009). For Aided Mass Appraisal (CAMA), and c). The improved valuation, the land title, ovraership, GIS-based Mass Appraisal model using Spatial property location, building category, and Hedonic Model (SHM) for its location building facilities namely the gate and fencing clustering (Ibrahim and Oliver, 2006) only the which are considered as contributing to the CAMA have been in a more advance stage of value of the property are counted as parameters utilitisation. by the LA in Johor. However, no standard guidelines on the number of parameters and its In the GIS-based Mass Appraisal Model, the range of values consideration for improved GIS component is the main core and valuation values were established among the LAs in as sub-core for this model. Since GIS data are Johor. Other states in such spatial, updating of data as a data entry by as , , and where clerical staff need GIS knowledge which needs tax were calculated based on the annual value high capacity building at clerical level. also adopt similar nonstandardised approach in Moreover, as the SHM details are large in treating the parameters and their range of values. numbers, the mass appraisal becoming very slow. As in other jurisdiction throughout the world, Second, the Computer Aided Mass Appraisal conducting mass appraisal using automated (CAMA) which has been developed by systems that were developed locally, getting Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) uses the priority due to the need of forecasting the Hedonic Model with MRA for Mass appraisal. revenue out of property taxation, rapid increase The CAMA has been featured with building of new property developments, time saving, and drawing, GIS and valuation successfully. green computing since the whole process life- However, CAMA is limited with intranet based, cycle is paperless. However, as mentioned decentralized GIS, and above all Windows XP above, most mass appraisal exercise used by platform dependant and implemented in the

14 Managing Assets and Infrastructure in the Chaotic Global Economic Competitiveness Local Authority organizations including: sharing with e-PBT or within the LA's inter District Council, District departments due to their parameters terminology Council, Tengah Municipal and its unstandardised value (refer Table 1). Council, Johor Bahru City Council, District Coimcil, Council, 5. EMERGING ISSUES IN MASS Council, APPRAISAL STANDARDISATION Municipal Council and District A number of related issues have emerged over Council (Dzrullkamaian and Buang, 2006). recent times which challenge the implementation of mass appraisal as a single The third is a computerized mass appraisal system, share the valuation data within the local named e-Penilaian. For this system, no authorities various departments for an integrated published document about the model environment, and also standardisation of mass implementation was found (Azmi. 2011). appraisal practices in Malaysia. The following However, it was observed that the location of main issues have greater priority to pave smooth property using this system goes through a surface to start apply mass appraisal without manual selection process which could be delay. considered individual processing as the property i. Lack of Terminology Standardization: selection is neither location nor cluster based. A Malaysian tailored mass appraisal system by various local system Though the mass appraisal has been developers are facing problems in implemented to support green computing, the standardizing terminologies when preliminary fmdings made while implementing developing the computerized mass the inland tailored mass appraisal model's appraisal systems as the terms used by interface has been redesigned without changing local authorities in particular are the mass appraisal process which is the heart of unsynchronized. the engine to implement the terminology being ii. Lack of Parameter Values used for valuation according to above listed LAs Classification: Another main issue that resulted with increased mass appraisal budget makes developing mass appraisal to be and model redesigning time. used by Malaysian Local Authorities, costly, is the expected incompatibility of data sharing with other units within the 4. E-GOVERNANCE IN MASS same local authority such as the APPRAISAL plamiing, building and finance units let alone between local authorities thus The Ministry of Housing and Local Government making data sharing difficult. For of Malaysia has introduced the paperless e- example. Building type was classified govemment for the local authorities. Under the into three major sections namely the government's paperless administration through Category, Type and Levels. The building E-Govemance to assist the Malaysian Local categories are namely a) Agriculture, b) Authorities (PBT), whereby submission to bid Residential, c) Commercial, and d) for tenders, compound, supplies as well as the Industrial. Under the residential category, payment of property taxes can be made online the building type is detailed for a clear (e-PBT 2012). The valuation of properties for identification of that property. Terrace tax purposes however is still being conducted house, Apartments, Condominium, manually. The proposed e-PBT is not supporting Bunglow, Semi-Detached, Low-Cost the mass appraisal and hence the valuation house, Medium cost house, etc are the department of every LA need to perform the detailed building types under residential valuation manually or re-keyin the evaluated category. Then the third section namely property value and its relevant tax into e-PBT the Levels are the levels of the property for payment online. The workload is doubled as such as 1 storey, 1 & 'A storey, 2 storey, they have to process the valuation and keyin etc. The mass appraisal valuation tends to processes separately. Some LAs who has been differ according to the Category, Type automated their valuation either individual or and Levels. These classifications are not mass appraisal are facing problems in data standardized within the valuation

Managing Assets and Infrastructure in the Chaotic Global Economic Competitiveness 15 departments itself and also with other They identified the reasons for the imits such as the fmance departments existence of capacity gap which includes: within the same LA. Hence data handling a) The time and resources required to becomes complicated. This is one of the implement the initiatives is lacking; major issues being identified which is a b) The uneconomic size of some local barrier for computerization of mass authorities; appraisal and also for data sharing, c) The inability to work in partnership iii. Capacity Gap: According to with institutions particularly Dzurllkanian Daud and Buang Alias institution of higher learnings; (2010), local authorities lack the capacity d) Lack of skilled personnel; to efficiently collect relevant data. This is e) Lack of knowledge in the a common gap for most local authorities. application of advanced technology Efficient data collection is important for equitable property tax administration.

C apactty

AvaitabU capacity

-otLaxaity :c7iici--

lAVil of ian-KC Figure 1: Capacity Gap (Source: Dzurllkanian Daud and Buang Alias, 2010)

Figure 1 illustrates the capacity required to industries are harvesting the benefits by duly operate and maintain services tend to increase standardise their technical terminolgy with quality and level of service needed, the internationally. Similar to these industries, the higher the quality and level of services needed, real estate also needs technical terminology the greater the capacity required to effectively standardisation in order to implement operate and maintain these services, the more Information Technology. In Malaysia, neither fund and knowledge are required. among the LAs nor within the national level institutions, the technical terminologies are being standardised. 1. VALUATION TERMINOLOGY STANDARDISATION For example, the term property account number Spuzic and Neuwens (2004) inform that in the which is expected to be displayed on the context of any country's transformation towards interface comes in several forms. The term for knowledge-based economy, it is necessary, first "MAKLUMAT RUJUKAN" differ between to work on terminology standardization in order PBTl (No Ruj and No Akaun), PBT2 to develop a better communication within the (Rujukan and NoAkaun) and PBT3 (No Ruj specific area. The computer, manufacturing

16 Managing Assets and Infrastructure in the Chaotic Global Economic Competitiveness and Ruj Buku). There is no standardization in by major three LAs are tabulated for the better the use of terms and number of cross references. understanding and the importance of terminology standardisation (Table 1). The LAs 6.1 Valuation Terminology Usage Among exercising valuation on improved and annual are Local Authorities In Malaysia documented according to the valuation technical Through observation and focus group and term category. observations with various LAs in Malaysia, the unstandardised technical terminology being used

Table 1. Differing Parameter Terminology for Some Terms

JENIS PIHAK BERKUASA TEMPATAN (PBT) MAKLUMAT W^TST" / 'W^~X'WW^~xn\ PBT 1 (PERAK) PBT 2 (JOHOR) PBT 3 (JOHOR)

Maklumat No Ruj Rujukan No Ruj Rujukan No Buku NoAkaun No Akaun

Zon Nama Zon Nama Zon Nama

Kawasan Nama Subzon Nama Maklumat Lokasi Jalan Nama No Banounan No Banaunan Lorong HartaAlamatI AlamatI Harta

Poskod HartaAlamat2 Alamat2 Harta X X%XX XUx XX XXX t XXXXXy t XXXXXXtXXXXy X XXXX XXX

Jenis Pemilik Pemilik Nama Nama Pelanggan

Pemilik Nama AlamatI No Kp Lama

Pemilik AlamatI AlamatZ No Kp Baru Maklumat Pemilikan Pemilik AlamatI AlamatJ No Telefon Pemilik Poskod Kod Warganegara

Pemilik Bangsa Kod Bangsa & Bangsa

Status Bumi No Lot Tanah Nolot No Lot Maklumat Hakmilik Hakmilik No Sub Lot No Hakmilik

Kod Jenis Hakmilik

Luas Tanah Tanah Luas Saiz Tanah

Tanah LuasTambah Unit Saiz Tanah

Luas Bangunan Saiz Bangunan

Unit Saiz Bangunan

Jenis Bangunan Jenis Bangunan Nama Kod Jenis Bangunan Maklumat Kegunaan Bangunan Nama Kod Kegunaan Bangunan Pegangan Bil Tingkat

Nilai Baru

Kadar Bam

Tarikh

Amaun Semasa

Managing Assets and Infrastructure in the Chaotic Global Economic Compelitiveness 17 6.2 Valuation Terminology Usage Among Tables 2 to 6 show some of the observed National Authorities In Malaysia terminology being used and yet undefined Besides the Local Authorities, the National obtained from NAPIC, JPPH, and Local Property Information Center (NAPIC), National Authorities (PBT). Some of these terminologies Institute of Valuation (mSPEN), and the are tabulated into four main categories namely; Valuation and Property Services Department a) Holdings details; (JPPH) are imder Ministry of Finance Malaysia, b) Ownership details; as well as other private entities, are also dealing c) Comparable details; and with real estate related activities. d) Valuation details.

Table 2. Details on Property Holding (Non Physical)

No Kait No Kait No Akaun Kod Lot Kod Lot 2 Jenis/No. Lot No No Jenis Lot Jenis Lot KodHakmilik KOdHakmilik 3 Jenis/No Hakmilik No HaKmiliK XTn LJnXn.iliX No HaKmuiK 4 Sek/ X MUKim Zon Zon Sub Zon Sub Zon 5 Zoning Sub SubZon Sub SubZon Jalan Jalan NamaLorong NamaLorong Bandar Bandar 6 Bandar/Daerah Negeri Negeri Kategori Kategori

7 Kategori /Kegunaan KategoriBangunan KategoriBangunan Kegunaan ianan Kegunaan i anan JenisPegangan JenisPegangan JenisPegangan: 8 Tahun tamat pajakan dan bakimasa Tempoh Tempoh Akhir Akhir

9 Status Status 10 JenisHarta CBK JenisHarta CBK U X

12 Syarat X X Sekatan Sekatan 13 Sekatan 14 Bebanan X X 15 AlamatHarta/Tempat No Bangunan No Bangunan

Alamat 1 Alamat 1 Alamat 2 Alamat 2 AlamatB AlamatS Poskod Poskod 12 Dalamkawasan PBT X X 13 Balasan RM X X 14 Tarikh; P/PM/N X X 15 MaksudNilai X X Source: Observation

18 Managing Assets and Infrastructure in the Chaotic Global Economic Competitiveness Table 3. Details on Property Holding (Physical) IK LuasTanah (mp) LuasTanah LuasTanah LuasTanahTambahan LuasTanahTambahan 1 JenisLuas JenisLuas JenisRuang JenisRuang LuasBangunan Luas Lantai Luas Lantai a) BangunanUtama 2 b) BangunanSokongan X X 3 Kedudukan (Kg /Taman) X X 4 Jarakdaripusat Bandar X X 5 JalanMasuk JalanTerdekat JalanTerdekat 6 Pembangunan Sekitar X X 7 KemudahanAsas X X 8 Rupabumi ParasTanah ParasTanah 9 Bentuk KeadaanTanah KeadaanTanah 10 JenisTanah X X 11 JenisTanaman/Umur X X 12 Penj agaanTanaman X X 13 Pagar/Tembok X StrukturPagar 14 X JenisPagar 15 X JarakPagar 16 JenisBangunan JenisBangunan JenisBangunan 17 X Bil. Tingkat Bil. Tingkat 18 X Tingkat Tingkat 19 X Aras Lantai Aras Lantai 20 TarikhSiap/Kegunaan TahunBina TahunBina 21 KeadaanStruktur/Hiasan KeadaanBangunan KeadaanBangunan 22 JenisStruktur JenisStruktur 23 BabanBinaan X X 24 a. Bumbung X JenisBumbung 25 b. Siling JenisSyiling JenisSyiling 26 c. DindingLama JenisDinding JenisDinding 27 d. Lantai JenisLantai JenisLantai 28 Sewa sebulan/setahun Sewa Sewa Source: Observation

Managing Assets and Infrastructure in the Chaotic Global Economic Competitiveness 19 Table 4. Details on Propertv Ownership

JenisPemilikan

2 NamaPemilik 3 Y X A Bangsa 4 NoKadPemilik fPeneenalan IBaruB X X

5 X X

6 AV AY Wareaneeara

7 AV AY Tel No

8 AV YA Alamat 1

9 AY AY Alamat 2 10 Y AY Alamat 3 A 11 A AY Bandar XJ UJ 1VJUJ 12 X X Poskod 13 X X 14 Pemilik X X X xyt 11111IV 15 X X Nama Syarikat 16 X X No Pendaftaran Syarikat 17 X X JenisPemiagaan 18 X X No Fax 19 X X Tel No 20 X X Alamat 1 21 X X Alamat 2

22 X X Alamat 3 23 X X Bandar Source: Observation

20 Managing Assets and Infrastructure in the Chaotic Global Economic Competitiveness Table 5. Details on Property Comparables

1 Data Perbandingan X X 2 No Kait X X 3 Nama X X 4 Kelulusan X X 5 Maksud Nilai X X 6 No Lot X X 7 Seksyen X X 8 Bandar X X 9 Mukim X X 10 Daerah X X U Tarikh Nilaian X X 12 Tanah X X 13 Nolot X X 14 Mukin/Seksyen X X 15 Luas Tanah X X 16 Luas Bangunan (utama) X X 17 Luas Bangunan (sokongan) X X

18 Tarikh Pindah Milik X X 19 Tarikh nilaian X X 20 Balasan X X 21 Nilaian X X 22 Analisis (smp) Tanah X X 23 Analisis (smp) Bgn (utama) X X 24 Analisis (smp) Bgn (utama) X X 25 JenisBangunan X X 26 KegunaanBangunan X X 27 Pembinaan X X in oumuung AY A 31 Siling X X 32 Dinding X X 33 Lantai X X 34 Pagar X X 35 Analisis Balasan X X a) Keseluruhan (Tanah dan Bangunan) X X b) Seunit (Tanah, Bangunan Utama X X dan Sokongan) Source: Observation

Managing Assets and Infrastructure in the Chaotic Global Economic Competitiveness 21 Table 6. Details on Property Valuation

•"4*;. , v ii'Pii' Si* \' AY 1 Perbandingan/ Pelaii A Lokasi (sila rujuk lampiran)

L Faktor-faktor yang AY AY dipertimbangkan

3 Maksud Nilaian A A 4 larilcn Nilai 1 ariKhhiarga lanKnNilaian 5 Nilai AY AV 0r Balasan AV AY 1 Asas Nilaian V AY A o Kaedan Nilaian Y AY 0 A y Niiai raaa. YA AY 1 0A Lawat Periksa AY AY 1 i ^)mn n riffn * 1 iL- Dav4 Am«v AY AY rinaanmiUK rertania 1 A Kasih Sayang AY AY Loji dan Jentera AY AY 14 Nilai yg dilapurkan AY AY

1 4 1 J INIIalaH Harga XT 11 o i ToKi in o n 16 Nama X X 17 Tarikh X X 18 Menilai X X 19 Nama X X 20 Jawatan X X 21 Tandatangan X X 22 Tarikh X X 23 Kelulusan X X Source: Observation

6. PROPOSED STANDARDISATION i) Non physical, and FOR VALUATION PARAMETERS ii) Physical TERMINOLOGY b) Ownership Details (Maklumat pemilik); In order to standardise mass appraisal practise c) Comparable Details with automation in Malaysia, this study (Maklumatperbandingan); and proposed the following technical terminalogy d) Valuation Details (Maklumat penilaian). standardisation after analysing available data on parameters normally used. This study categorized the technical terminology The technical terminology standardisations standardization namely as: being recommended are as per Tables 7 to 10. a) Holding details (Maklumat pegangan);

22 Managing Assets and Infrastructure In the Chaotic Global Economic Competitiveness Table 7. Recommended Technical Terminology Standardization on Holdings Details.

Menu Sub Menu Sub-Sub Menu Final Var iable Menu Detail 1 Detail 2 Zon Sub Zon Zon Sub-Sub Zon

Jalan

Jenis Pagar

Pagar Struktur Pagar

Elaun Pagar

Jenis Pintu Pagar

Pintu Pagar Struktur Pintu Pagar

Elaun Pintu Pagar

jcnib fxcuiuudiian Ljillii M-iiXill

a Oodic raciuilco jcfiis rxcmuaonan /\sas es O L,'ljiM*M tr Arvxttfiyxr\yw% A e*r\e^ 1 biaun Kemuaanan Asas 1n 3 3 Kategori Bangunan Pm tt 3 Bangunan Jenis Bangunan a >-) « Tingkat Bangunan E «« _3 E s Jenis Lot =j Lot IS s Elaun Lot e No.Fail No.Akaun Lama Maklumat Rekod Pegangan System Account No. Rujukan System Auto Generated Accuont No 3 Will Be Use As A Temp Account No.X 1 Status es gf Jenis Pegangan Cbk Property Type

« Zon E s3 Maklumat Sub Zon A Pegangan s (Bukan Sub Sub Zon Fizikal) Zoning Road/Route

Poskod

Nama Lorong

Managing Assets and Infrastructure in the Chaotic Global Economic Competitiveness 23 Table 7. Recommended Technical Terminology Standardization on Holdings Details (Contd..)

Main Final Variable Menu Sub Menu Sub-Sub Menu Menu Detail I Detail 2 Alamat i

4-1 Alamat z Alamat 3 s a Alamat Harta Poskod 3 A 1 Sf Bandar it. Negen Dalam Kawasan Pbt • LiOkasi Peta/ No Syit Di Periksa Oleb ivjiiKiumm remeriKSdan Tarikh Pegangan TV * 1 ' t TV 1 .1 TV KoPibdb LoRekot d Pegangan No. Kod Hakmilik 1 Maklumat •c No Hakmilik Fizikal Maklumat Tanah Jenis Pegangan 1 dlfall 1 Tempoh J3 Kategori S Jenis Lot Ea Kegunaan Tanah Jenis Tanaman « 3 a Luas Tanah a Luas 1 anah 1 ambahan 1 3 a Paras Tanah riZilLaniTiVnl Tann1 dllolnl Jalan Terdekat Syarat Sekatan Perancangan Yang Di Luluskan Cukai Tanah No. Penyerahan Helaian Tanah Jilid Folio Tarikh Masa Gambar Lot Upload Gambar Lot Kosong Cadangan (Jika Tanah Kosong)

24 Managing Assets and Infrastructure in the Chaotic Global Economic Competitiveness Table 7. Recommended Technical Terminology Standardization on Holdings Details (Contd..)

Main Final Variable Menu Sub Menu Sub-Sub Menu Menu Detain Detail 2 Pilih Rekod Pegangan

No.Bangunan

Tahun Bina

Keadaan l^V\x\X%XX4XM Jenis Struktur Maklumat Pegangan Maklumat Fizikal Bangunan Bangunan Kategori Bangunan A Tantc TlonminQrT r 1 JCnid OallgUnall SI bc Bil.Tingkat A a (g P3 Sewa w a E Tarikh Sewa S 3 3 s Harga A 1 Cont. Maklumat Bangunan Tarikh Harga Cbk Category Gambar Bangunan Upload Gambar Bangunan Cont. Maklumat Jenis Luas Fizikal Keluasan Bangunan Aras Lantai Bangunan Luas Lantai Jenis Ruang Jenis Lantai Maklumat Kemasan Jenis Bumbung Bangunan Jenis Syiling Jenis Dinding

Managing Assets and Infrastructure in the Chaotic Global Economic Competittveness 25 Table 8. Recommended Technical Terminology Standardization on Ownership Details.

'Main Final Variable Menu Sub Menu Sub-Sub Menu •Menu Detail 1 Detail X . ;-,..i,j..-_ System Account No.

iNama remiiiK oenoiri

No i/L riaru

No 1/C Lama

Bangsa

Warga Negara

Persendirian Alamat 1

Alamat 2

Alamat 3

rosKoa

Bandar :i Negeri

No. lei

System Account No.

X, T JL -..L JL nA...«ffItp 0.iAv21^A4 e B Nama remiliK Syankat A AX No.Pendattaran Syarikat 1 1 Jenis Pemiagaan s« B E Alamat i s 3 Alamat 2 Syarikat s A lomnF A /\iamai j Poskod

Bandar

Negeri

No. Fax

No. lei

System Account No.

Nama Pemilik Lain-Lain

Alamat 1

Alamat 2

Lain-Lain Alamat 3

Poskod

Bandar

Negeri

Jenis Pemilik

25 Managing Assets and Infrastmcture in the Chaotic Global Economic Competitiveness Table 9. Reconmiended Technical Terminology Standardization on Comparable Details.

Main JSub ,^ Final Variable . Menu Ciili GiiK \ffLitTii Menu IVlenu' Detail! - Detail 2 Maklumat Rujukan Perbandingan INO. KU|UKdn 1a ea KOQ Lot s No. Lot a& ^ BS Seksyen Maklumat Lokasi S^ Perbandingan iVlUNtlU 3 E Bsndur a Daprah

rcion LOKdsi rciDdnuuigaii

Tamp 1 i oTVey11notx J en IS odngunan

rvCgUlloall DallgUIlall Maklumat oangunan Tarikh Ppmhinaan

f R plmKpnti ilz •a rveKdocniUK

OR ediJ I tlo T)i n1*J 3 dQl h lol et nl 9 A •

A9 Siling Maklumat s a Kemasan TJindinp u> Cl, e A Bangunan •3 E Lsntni AES a •s 3 Pagar s A A I iiaq Tanah

9e 3 Maklumat Luas Luas Bangunan Utama A I iiaq Ranpiinan Soknnpan

Maklumat Nama Pelulus Kelulusan Tarikh Kelulusan

9 Maksud Nilaian 1 Tarikh Pindah Milik 9 Maklumat Nilaian Perbandingan Tarikh Nilaian 1 Balasan .92 .2 Nilatan Z <« Analisis Tanah (Smp) .2 •2 Analisis Bangunan Utama (Smp) 3 9 Analisis Bangunan Sokongan (Smp) < A Bangunan E a 3 Tanah 1 Analisis Balasan Smp (Tanah) Maklumat Analisis Smp (Bangunan Utama) Perbandingan Smp (Bangunan Sokongan)

Managing Assets and Infrastructure in the Chaotic Global Economic Competitiveness 27 Table 10. Recommended Technical Terminology Standardization on Valuation Details.

Main Final Variable Menu Sub Menu Sub-Sub Menu m.fA_,, Detail 1 Detail 2 iVicnu Year

Name

R ate T .evel Description i\.aiL> i_«w L/i Tone Date

Default

/\aa Value Zone

fl Dnfa C\r\ Sub Zone .2 tvaie wn 3 Sub of Sub Zone z A Land Scheme -a w Building Scheme 1 Kaie vaiue Tax Rate A Year

Name

D anF \/aliia Rate Level Description Kcm Value Tone Date

Default

e Zone .S is Rgfp On Sub Zone Qwm rt c« Sub Sub Zone E a w Building Category At u c A o H Building Type Rate Value Building Level

Tax Rate

Zone

Sub Zone

Sub Sub Zine

Add riiiQtpr Sub Sub Zine Road Mass Apprisal Hold Account Category Item Zonning Name Identifield

View/Edit Cluster Cluster Appraisal Name

Rate Level Add Value

Add Value Zone

Cluster Jalani Penilaian Rate Level Add Value s *3 Rent Value Zone *S Cluster

28 Managing Assets and Infrastructure in the Chaotic Global Economic Competitiveness Table 10. Recommended Technical Terminolo, ;y Standardization on Valuation Details (Contd..). Final Variable Menu Sub Menu Sub-Sub Menu ' Menu Detail 1 <^ . , „ Detail 2 System Account Lot No. Property Address Owner Address Use Of Land Status Of Land Building View List Of Add Value Appraisal List Wide Of Land Appraisal Land Value c Building Value .2 *« AX Total Appraisal 'S S Tax Rate a Tax A o Adjustment s (3 3 Process Date A System Account Property Address Owner Address Building View Building Value Rent Value Appraisal List Total Appraisal Tax Rate Tax Adjustment Process Date Zone Sub Zone Sub Sub Zone Sub Sub Zone Road Add(Discounted Senarai Hide Account Cluster) Akaun Category Zonning Name Item Identifield c Discount A View/Edit Discounted Name -N • 3 Permohonan Discounted Discounted Cluster UlSKalin A AZ /vppraisai Appraisal List 2 a Cetak 3 3 5 Salinan Appraisal Name A Penilaian Group -AL . LAAI Cetak System Account Number List Hold Account Borang 5 New Account Number In Group Old Account Number Group Cetak System Account Number List Hold Account Borang 6 New Account Number In Group Old Account Number

8. CONCLUSION c) Comparable Details; and d) Valuation The barrier that hinders the standardised green Details. Subsequently, this work recommends a computing practise in Mass Appraisal is due to rational technical terminology standardisation lack of technical terminology standardisation based on major practices by local authorities and and various parameters being used for mass national organisations in order to implement appraisal. This study identified the non- Mass Appraisal in standardised and integrated hormonious terminology commonly used by environment. various valuation authorities into four categories namely a) Ownership details; b) Owners Details;

Managing Assets and Infrastructure in the Chaotic Global Economic Competitiveness 29 9. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The funding from National Institute of Valuation (INSPEN) is highly acknowledged for supporting of this research.

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30 Managing Assets and Infrastructure in the Chaotic Global Economic Competitiveness