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Basics of Federal Budget and Financial Management

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Basics of Federal Budget and Financial Management Introduction Introduction Financial Management Course 1. Overview of the Federal Budget Process 2. The Philosophy of Appropriations Law 3. Contracts, Grants and Cooperative Agreements 4. Spending Plans, Operating Plans and Budget Execution 5. Financial Responsibilities 1 Module 1: Overview of the Federal Budget Process Module 1 Objectives • Identify the major legislation that affects the federal budget process. • Know the phases of the budget process and timeline. • Recognize the purpose of an operating plan. 2 Module 1: Overview of the Federal Budget Process The Budget and Accounting Act of 1921 • Requires the President of the United States to submit an annual budget proposal and a statement of the government’s financial condition to Congress. • Includes a budget message and a summary of reporting information on past and future budgets. • Established the Bureau of the Budget, now known as the Office of Management and Budget (OMB), which provides 1921 resources to produce the President’s budget. • Established the General Accounting Office now known as the Government Accountability Office (GAO) to provide Congress with resources to ensure accountability. 3 Module 1: Overview of the Federal Budget Process Government Performance and Results Act of 1993 (GPRA) The primary legislative framework includes three main components: Strategic Plan • Mission statement • General goals and objectives (outcome related) Performance Plan • Measurable performance goals by program activity • Operational processes, technology, human capital, and other resources required to meet the performance goals Performance Report • Compare actual program performance achieved to the performance goals and indicators in the plan • Performance indicators: output, outcome, efficiency, and effectiveness • Provide explanations if goals were not met 4 Module 1: Overview of the Federal Budget Process GPRA Modernization Act of 2010 The primary legislative framework includes the following goals: • Adopt a more coordinated and crosscutting approach to achieve common goals • Address weaknesses in major management functions • Ensure that performance information is both useful and used in decision making • Instill sustained leadership commitment and accountability for achieving results 5 Module 1: Overview of the Federal Budget Process The Anti-deficiency Acts of 1921 and 1950 Congressional “Power of the Purse” 1. Prohibits the obligation or expenditure of government funds in excess of the amounts appropriated by Congress or in excess of amounts permitted by regulations. 2. Forbids the obligation of any funds before the appropriation is passed. 3. Requires a funds control system for making obligations. 6 Module 1: Overview of the Federal Budget Process 6 Phases in the Federal Budget Process 1. Strategic Plan: Identifies new initiatives as well as expands existing programs. 2. Formulation: Prepares budget estimates and justifications based on guidelines provided by Congress, OMB and Health and Human Services(HHS). 3. Presentation: Justifies budget request before Congress and responds to questions. 4. Execution: Develops apportionments, spending plans, allotments, allowances, and obligates funds. 5. Performance: Evaluation and Analysis – determines if the expected results were achieved. 6. Future Strategic Direction: Performance results determine future funding decisions. 7 Module 1: Overview of the Federal Budget Process The Federal Budget Process STRATEGIC PLANNING Define recommendations for funding and priorities EVALUATING RESULTS BUDGET FORMULATION Prepare budget estimates and COST/BENEFIT ASSESSMENT budget justifications WHAT PRODUCES THE Reviewed and approved by BEST VALUE? HHS & OMB BUDGET PRESENTATION PERFORMANCE TRACK THE PROGRESS Congressional hearing, OF ACHIEVING OUTCOMES respond to formal questions form appropriation subcommittees BUDGET EXECUTION Apportionment of funds, obligations incurred 8 Module 1: Overview of the Federal Budget Process The Federal Budget Timeline CY 2011 CY 2012 CY 2013 May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec FY 2012 FY OMB Hearings Appropriation Submission Bills HHS President’s Markup Submission Budget FY 2013 FY Planning: Selection of Program Initiatives FY 2014 FY Formulation: CDC/HHS/OMB Budgets, President’s Budget, Congressional Budget Presentation: Committees Hearings, Q&As, House & Senate Reports, Appropriation Bill Execution: Apportionments, Spending Plans, Allotments, Allowances Analysis and Evaluation and inform the Future Strategic Direction 9 Module 1: Overview of the Federal Budget Process The Federal Budget Timeline CY 2011 CY 2012 CY 2013 May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec FY 2012 FY OMB Hearings Appropriation Submission Bills HHS President’s Markup Submission Budget FY 2013 FY Planning: Selection of Program Initiatives FY 2014 FY Formulation: CDC/HHS/OMB Budgets, President’s Budget, Congressional Budget Presentation: Committees Hearings, Q&As, House & Senate Reports, Appropriation Bill Execution: Apportionments, Spending Plans, Allotments, Allowances Analysis and Evaluation and inform the Future Strategic Direction 10 Strategic Planning Phase Phase PlanningStrategic Jan FY 2014FY Feb Mar Apr May CY 2012 2012 CY Jun Module 1: Module Overview of the Federal Budget Process Jul Aug Sep • • • • • Oct Constituent & partner priorities &partner Constituent priorities Congressional CDC and Secretary) President Government Performance and Results Act (GPRA) (GPRA) Act and Results Performance Government (includes initiatives & goals, themes, Administration Nov -wide priorities & mission-related activities priorities& mission-related -wideactivities Dec Jan FY 2015FY Feb Mar Apr May CY 2013 2013 CY Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May CY2014 CY2014 Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 11 Module 1: Overview of the Federal Budget Process Budget Formulation Phase • Stage 1 (April - July) • Stage 2 (August – November) • Stage 3 (December – February) 12 Module 1: Overview of the Federal Budget Process Budget Formulation Phase – Stage 1 CY 2011 CY 2012 CY 2013 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec FY 2014 FY 2013 HHS HHS Submission Submission First Formulation Stage (April - July) – HHS budget development/submission • Prepare budget estimates and justifications • Compile information for HHS review – HHS review of the budget • Presentation to the Secretary’s Budget Council (SBC) • Report Card for budget • Funding levels provided to the OPDIVs • Appeals • Final funding levels provided for OMB submission 13 Module 1: Overview of the Federal Budget Process Budget Formulation Phase – Stage 2 CY 2011 CY 2012 CY 2013 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec FY 2014 FY 2013 OMB OMB Submission Submission Second Formulation Stage (August – November) – OMB Budget development and submission • Compile information for OMB Review – OMB Review • Presentation to OMB Staff • Respond to additional questions & concerns – OMB Passback • Appeal • Final funding levels provided for President’s Budget 14 Module 1: Overview of the Federal Budget Process Budget Formulation Phase – Stage 3 CY 2011 CY 2012 CY 2013 Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec FY 2013 FY 2014 President’s President’s Budget Budget Third Formulation Stage (December - February) 1. Enter information into OMB’s MAX database 2. Compile, edit, revise and complete budget narratives and exhibits preparing for presentation to Congress 3. President’s Budget and Congressional Justification development and submission 15 Module 1: Overview of the Federal Budget Process Budget Presentation Phase CY 2011 CY 2012 CY 2013 Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Hearings Appropriation Markup Bills FY 2014 FY 2013 Presentation Phase (February - October) Includes the following activities: • Preparation for Congressional Appropriations Hearings • CDC Director testifies before House and/or Senate Appropriations Subcommittees • Respond to formal questions submitted by Appropriations Subcommittee members • Congress determines funding levels for Subcommittees for FY 2011 Budget • CDC works closely with Appropriations Subcommittee staff • House & Senate mark-up • Appropriations Bill signed by the President 16 Module 1: Overview of the Federal Budget Process Budget Execution Phase CY 2011 CY 2012 CY 2013 May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec FY 2012 FY 2013 FY 2014 Execution Phase (October - September) Includes the following activities: • Apportionments, Allotments, Allowances and CANs • Obligations and expenditures • Funds control • Monitoring, analyzing & projecting resource utilization • Prevention of anti-deficiency violation 17 Module 1: Overview of the Federal Budget Process FY 2011 Federal Spending 6% 36% $251 $1,415 $2,164 59% Discretionary Mandatory Interest (In Billions) 18 Module 1: Overview of the Federal Budget Process FY 2011 Discretionary Funding – Budget Authority (BA) Department
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