Step-By-Step Guide How to Read…The Revenue and Expense Statement Summary Report What Is the Revenue and Expense Statement Summ
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Glossary of Terms for Budget Publications
GLOSSARY OF TERMS ADOPTED EXPENSE AND REVENUE BUDGET: A BUDGET CODE: A 4-character code assigned to a financial plan for the City and its agencies for a fiscal schedule within an agency which identifies the year, setting forth operating expenditures and allocation made in such schedule in terms of its anticipated revenues, following due authorization accounting fund class, unit of appropriation, through the charter-mandated process. responsibility center, control category, local service district and program. ALLOCATION: A sum of money set aside for a specific purpose. BUDGET GAP: The difference between estimated expenditures and revenues for a future fiscal year. ANNUALIZATION: The impact of a new appropriation or expenditure reduction on the basis of a full year. For BUDGET LINE: An identified amount allocated for a instance, if an employee is terminated halfway through specific purpose in the expense budget supporting the fiscal year, the budget reduction in that year will schedules for each budget code within a unit of equal half the employee’s annual salary. The appropriation. Budget lines are used to provide “annualized” reduction is the full amount of the detailed information on the number of positions, titles, employee’s salary. salaries and other expenses in a budget code. ANNUAL RATE: Sum of the salaries paid to the full- BUDGET MODIFICATION: A change in an amount in time active employees in a title description. any budget line during the fiscal year. APPROPRIATION: A general term used to denote the BUDGET STABILIZATION ACCOUNT: An amount authorized in the budget for expenditure by an appropriation which applies excess revenues to prepay agency. -
Preparing a Short-Term Cash Flow Forecast
Preparing a short-term What is a short-term cash How does a short-term cash flow forecast and why is it flow forecast differ from a cash flow forecast important? budget or business plan? 27 April 2020 The COVID-19 crisis has brought the importance of cash flow A short-term cash flow forecast is a forecast of the The income statement or profit and loss account forecasting and management into sharp focus for businesses. cash you have, the cash you expect to receive and in a budget or business plan includes non-cash the cash you expect to pay out of your business over accounting items such as depreciation and accruals This document explores the importance of forecasting, explains a certain period, typically 13 weeks. Fundamentally, for various expenses. The forecast cash flow how it differs from a budget or business plan and offers it’s about having good enough information to give statement contained in these plans is derived from practical tips for preparing a short-term cash flow forecast. you time and money to make the right business the forecast income statement and balance sheet decisions. on an indirect basis and shows the broad categories You can also access this information in podcast form here. of where cash is generated and where cash is spent. Forecasts are important because: They are produced on a monthly or quarterly basis. • They provide visibility of your future cash position In contrast, a short-term cash flow forecast: and highlight if and when your cash position is going to be tight. -
Joint Analysis Enacted 2021-22 Budget July 13, 2021
Joint Analysis Enacted 2021-22 Budget July 13, 2021 Table of Contents BACKGROUND ..........................................................................................................3 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................3 BUDGET OVERVIEW ..................................................................................................3 Budget Shaped by recovery from covid-related Recession .............................................. 3 Investments focus on relief and recovery for californians................................................ 4 CALIFORNIA COMMUNITY COLLEGES FUNDING ..........................................................5 Immediate Action Package ............................................................................................... 5 Proposition 98 Estimates.................................................................................................. 6 California Community Colleges Funding Levels ............................................................... 6 Changes in Funding .......................................................................................................... 7 Local Support Funding by Program ................................................................................ 17 Capital Outlay ................................................................................................................. 21 State Operations ........................................................................................................... -
Absorption Costing - Overview
Absorption Costing - Overview 1. Overview of Absorption costing and Variable Costing 2. Review how costs for Manufacturing are transferred to the product 3. Job Order Vs. Process Costing 4. Overhead Application - Under applied Overhead - Over applied overhead 5. Problems with Absorption Costing 6. Concluding Comments Absorption Costing The focus of this class is on how to allocate manufacturing costs to the product. - Direct Materials - Direct Labor - Overhead Absorption costing is a process of tracing the variable costs of production and the fixed costs of production to the product. Variable Costing traces only the variable costs of production to the product and the fixed costs of production are treated as period expenses. Absorption Costing There are three different types of Absorption Costing Systems: - Job Order Costing - Process Costing - ABC Costing In Job Order Costing costs are assigned to the product in Batches or lots. - Printing - Furniture manufacturing - Bicycle Manufacturing In Process Costing, costs are systematically assigned to the product, since there are no discreet batches to assign costs. - Oil Distilling - Soda Manufacturing ABC Costing assigns cost from cost centers to the product - Best in a multi product firm, where there are different volumes Absorption Costing A simplified view of Production: Introduce Raw Manufacture Store finished Sell Finished Materials Product goods Goods 1. Direct materials 1. Direct labor 1. Production process are purchased applied to completed 2. Direct materials product 2. Goods are shipped are placed into 2. Overhead costs for sale production are incurred Absorption Costing How do we account for the production process? 1. Direct materials are purchased and recorded as an asset. -
Cash Advance Admin User Guide
Concur Expense: Cash Advance Admin User Guide Last Revised: August 27 2021 Applies to these SAP Concur solutions: Expense Professional/Premium edition Standard edition Travel Professional/Premium edition Standard edition Invoice Professional/Premium edition Standard edition Request Professional/Premium edition Standard edition Table of Contents Section 1: Permissions ................................................................................................ 1 Section 2: Overview .................................................................................................... 1 Typical Cash Advance Process ...................................................................................... 1 Receiving Email Notifications of a Cash Advance Pending Issuance ................................... 2 Cash Advances Using a Company Card.......................................................................... 2 Imported Transactions of Type Cash Advance ........................................................... 3 Directly Issued and Auto-Issuance Cash Advances ......................................................... 3 Section 3: Cash Advance Admin Tool ........................................................................... 3 Section 4: Procedures ................................................................................................. 4 Accessing Cash Advance Admin.................................................................................... 4 Searching for Employees ............................................................................................ -
Chapter 5 Questions Multiple Choice 1
Chapter 5 Question Review 1 Chapter 5 Questions Multiple Choice 1. At the beginning of the year, Paradise Co. had an inventory of $200,000. During the year, the company purchased goods costing $900,000. Paradise Co reported ending inventory of $300,000 at the end of the year. Their cost of goods sold is a. $1,000,000 b. $800,000 c. $1,400,000 d. $400,000 2. Under the perpetual inventory system, in addition to making the entry to record a sale, a company would a. debit Inventory and credit Cost of Goods Sold. b. debit Cost of Goods Sold and credit Purchases. c. debit Cost of Goods sold and credit Inventory. d. make no additional entry until the end of the period. 3. Gross profit equals the difference between net sales and a. operating expenses. b. cost of goods sold. c. net income. d. cost of goods sold plus operating expenses. 4. Income from operations appears on a. both a multiple-step and a single-step income statement. b. neither a multiple-step nor a single-step income statement. c. a single-step income statement. d. a multiple-step income statement. 5. The entry for a buyer to record the return of goods under a perpetual inventory system assuming the purchase was made on account would include a a. debit to inventory b. debit to purchase returns and allowances c. credit to accounts payable d. debit to accounts payable 6. Under the perpetual system, cash freight costs incurred by the buyer for the transporting of goods is recorded in which account? a. -
Reading and Understanding Nonprofit Financial Statements
Reading and Understanding Nonprofit Financial Statements What does it mean to be a nonprofit? • A nonprofit is an organization that uses surplus revenues to achieve its goals rather than distributing them as profit or dividends. • The mission of the organization is the main goal, however profits are key to the growth and longevity of the organization. Your Role in Financial Oversight • Ensure that resources are used to accomplish the mission • Ensure financial health and that contributions are used in accordance with donor intent • Review financial statements • Compare financial statements to budget • Engage independent auditors Cash Basis vs. Accrual Basis • Cash Basis ▫ Revenues and expenses are not recognized until money is exchanged. • Accrual Basis ▫ Revenues and expenses are recognized when an obligation is made. Unaudited vs. Audited • Unaudited ▫ Usually Cash Basis ▫ Prepared internally or through a bookkeeper/accountant ▫ Prepared more frequently (Quarterly or Monthly) • Audited ▫ Accrual Basis ▫ Prepared by a CPA ▫ Prepared yearly ▫ Have an Auditor’s Opinion Financial Statements • Statement of Activities = Income Statement = Profit (Loss) ▫ Measures the revenues against the expenses ▫ Revenues – Expenses = Change in Net Assets = Profit (Loss) • Statement of Financial Position = Balance Sheet ▫ Measures the assets against the liabilities and net assets ▫ Assets = Liabilities + Net Assets • Statement of Cash Flows ▫ Measures the changes in cash Statement of Activities (Unaudited Cash Basis) • Revenues ▫ Service revenues ▫ Contributions -
Dividends and Dividend Equivalents
NASPP Essential Dividends and Dividend Equivalents Restricted stock, which is issued at grant, is generally eligible for any dividend payments made to shareholders after its issuance (even those payments made before the stock has vested). Restricted stock units are not eligible to receive dividend payments until they have been converted to stock (and distributed to employees). However, many companies provide payments on unvested restricted stock units that are equivalent to the dividends paid to shareholders; these payments are typically referred to as “dividend equivalents.” Units are designed to track the value of the company’s company stock; dividends paid to shareholders are part of that value, therefore, although units cannot receive actual dividends, it is reasonable (although not legally mandated) to provide an equivalent payment to unit holders. Dividend Terminology Illustration: Timeline of Dividend Payments Below are four key dates to understand with respect to dividends paid by public companies: • Dividend Declared: The company declares a dividend and announces it publicly, typically by issuing a press release and filing a Form 8-K with the SEC. The company will also set the record date for the dividend at this time. • Record Date: This date typically occurs about two weeks after the dividend is declared. Only investors who own stock on the record date are entitled to the dividend. • Ex-Dividend Date: Because open market transactions are subject to a two-day settlement period, when investors buy stock on the open market one day prior to the record date, their purchase transactions will not settle until after the record date. The ex-dividend date is always one trading day before the record date; investors who buy stock on the open market on or after the ex-dividend date will not be eligible for the dividend. -
When to Debit and Credit in Accounting
When to Debit and Credit in Accounting Journal entries show a firm’s transactions throughout a period of time; for example, when a company purchases supplies a journal entry will show the amount of supplies bought and money spent. According to the practice of double-entry accounting, every journal entry must: • Include at least two distinct accounts with at least one debit and one credit. • Have the total monetary amount of debits equal to the total monetary amount of credits. • Be consistent with the accounting equation, Assets = Liabilities + Equity. (Wild, Shaw, and Chiappetta, 55) An asset is loosely defined as a resource with economic value that a particular firm has, and includes accounts such as cash, accounts receivable, and office supplies. Liabilities are the debts and obligations a company accumulates in operating the business; it includes accounts such as accounts payable, wages payable, and interest payable. Equity represents the amount of ownership in an asset that is not financed through debt. Equity begins with the owner’s capital, which are personal investments of assets by the owner, and grows as revenues are accrued over the course of business operations. Equity shrinks when the owner withdrawals capital and/or expenses are incurred. Thus the accounting equation, Assets = Liabilities + Equity, can be roughly translated as, “things we have are backed by things we owe and things we own.” A chart of accounts, which list commonly used accounts and their type, is included as an appendix in most accounting text books. The following diagram depicts the accounting equation such that equity is broken down into the component accounts of Capital, Withdrawals, Revenue, and Expenses, and illustrates how each type of account reacts to debits and credits. -
Publication 538, Accounting Periods and Methods
Userid: CPM Schema: tipx Leadpct: 100% Pt. size: 10 Draft Ok to Print AH XSL/XML Fileid: … ons/P538/201901/A/XML/Cycle04/source (Init. & Date) _______ Page 1 of 21 15:46 - 28-Feb-2019 The type and rule above prints on all proofs including departmental reproduction proofs. MUST be removed before printing. Department of the Treasury Contents Internal Revenue Service Future Developments ....................... 1 Publication 538 Introduction .............................. 1 (Rev. January 2019) Photographs of Missing Children .............. 2 Cat. No. 15068G Accounting Periods ........................ 2 Calendar Year .......................... 2 Fiscal Year ............................. 3 Accounting Short Tax Year .......................... 3 Improper Tax Year ....................... 4 Periods and Change in Tax Year ...................... 4 Individuals ............................. 4 Partnerships, S Corporations, and Personal Methods Service Corporations (PSCs) .............. 5 Corporations (Other Than S Corporations and PSCs) .............................. 7 Accounting Methods ....................... 8 Cash Method ........................... 8 Accrual Method ........................ 10 Inventories ............................ 13 Change in Accounting Method .............. 18 How To Get Tax Help ...................... 19 Future Developments For the latest information about developments related to Pub. 538, such as legislation enacted after it was published, go to IRS.gov/Pub538. What’s New Small business taxpayers. Effective for tax years beginning -
Growing Your Business Through Mergers & Acquisitions
Growing Your Business Through Mergers & Acquisitions Mergers and acquisitions occur when companies consolidate, usually with a larger company acquiring a smaller company, or two companies merging their business activities. There can be many benefits of M&A such as increased growth, cost synergies, complementary product and service offerings, skilled talent, new markets, increased liquidity and much more. The current economic environment may present excellent opportunities for M&A. Suitors may find opportunities to acquire companies that may otherwise not be open to being acquired. Struggling companies may find a lifeline from a merger or acquisition. Even if neither company is struggling, combining forces may give companies the ability to aggressively gain market share when competitors are just trying to maintain the business that they have. Depending on your goals and options at hand, you may want to consider M&A as part of your company’s growth strategy. This article cover some of the benefits, challenges and key things to consider with M&A. Benefits One of the primary benefits of merging companies over more traditional forms of growth is the speed with which a merger can be implemented. Growth through traditional sales and marketing simply takes time. And, the more crowded and competitive a market, the more time it can take. Mergers, on the other hand, can often grow a business much faster - as quickly as the merger can be completed. Time may not be the only benefit from a customer and revenue growth perspective. Traditional sales and marketing can be expensive and carries a certain cost to acquire a customer. -
A Roadmap to the Preparation of the Statement of Cash Flows
A Roadmap to the Preparation of the Statement of Cash Flows May 2020 The FASB Accounting Standards Codification® material is copyrighted by the Financial Accounting Foundation, 401 Merritt 7, PO Box 5116, Norwalk, CT 06856-5116, and is reproduced with permission. This publication contains general information only and Deloitte is not, by means of this publication, rendering accounting, business, financial, investment, legal, tax, or other professional advice or services. This publication is not a substitute for such professional advice or services, nor should it be used as a basis for any decision or action that may affect your business. Before making any decision or taking any action that may affect your business, you should consult a qualified professional advisor. Deloitte shall not be responsible for any loss sustained by any person who relies on this publication. The services described herein are illustrative in nature and are intended to demonstrate our experience and capabilities in these areas; however, due to independence restrictions that may apply to audit clients (including affiliates) of Deloitte & Touche LLP, we may be unable to provide certain services based on individual facts and circumstances. As used in this document, “Deloitte” means Deloitte & Touche LLP, Deloitte Consulting LLP, Deloitte Tax LLP, and Deloitte Financial Advisory Services LLP, which are separate subsidiaries of Deloitte LLP. Please see www.deloitte.com/us/about for a detailed description of our legal structure. Copyright © 2020 Deloitte Development LLC. All rights reserved. Publications in Deloitte’s Roadmap Series Business Combinations Business Combinations — SEC Reporting Considerations Carve-Out Transactions Comparing IFRS Standards and U.S.