DOCSLIB.ORG

ECO and /Ff SOCIAL

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
ECO and /Ff SOCIAL UNITED NATIONS Distr. ECO GENERAL te/ , , E/GN.4/1207 AND ' © i ••..••'••S>;Í /ff 16 February 1976 ENGLISH SOCIAL (3l»:iL Original ! ENGLISH/SPAITISH* COmiSSION ON HUÎ-IAN itIGHTS Thirty-second session Agenda item 5 STUDY' OF REPORTED VIOLATIONS OF HUMAN RIGHTS IN CHILE, WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO TORTURE AND OTHER CRUEL, INHU^IAN OR DEGRADING TREATMENT OR PUNISHMENT Note by the Secretariat By letter dated 16 February 1976, addressed to the Director of the Division of Human Rights, the Permanent Representative of Chile to the united Nations Office at Geneva has requested the distribution of the attached material as a document of the Commission. English and Spanish texts provided by the Government of Chile. GE.76-2472 E/CN.4/1207 page 2 OBSERVATIONS OP THE DELEGATION OP CHILE ON THE REPORT OP THE AD HOC WORKDIG GROUP (DOCUMENT E/CN.4/1I88) I. Introduction Examples of the Report's lack of objectivity (a) Misleading information (b) Omi ssions in the Report II. Analysis of some aspects of the Report (a) Relations between the Catholic Church and the Government of Chile (b) Considerations related to the state of siege (c) The media (d) Unconstitutionality of the Decree Laws adopted by the Junta (e) Independence of the Judiciary in Chile (f) Freedom from arbitrary arrest or imprisonment; the right to a fair trial, and the presumption of innocence. (g) Missing persons (h) Torture and other cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment (i) The situation of women, children, young people and the family (j) Freedom of association and Trade Union Rights III. Observations on the annexes to the Report (a) Observations on the case of Sheila Cassidy (b) Information pertaining to Bishop Helmut Frenz (c) Observations on the sta-tements made by Mr. Kirberg IV. Pinal remarks E/CÏÏ.4/1207 page 3 . OBSERVATIONS OP THE DELEGATION OP CHILE ON THE REPORT OP THE AD HOC ¥ОЖШС GROUP (DOCUMENT E/CN,4/1188) I. Introduction Having considered the Report presented to the United Nations Commission of Human Rights by the Ad Hoc V/orking Group to Inquire into the Present Situation of Human Rights in Chile, the Government of Chile must place on record its most formal and vigoi'ous protest at the terms of that Report, which shov/ that the Group's analysis of the situation is neither objective nor serious. The method of inquiry used in the Report, and its conclusions, are incompatible with the terms of reference of the Ad Hoc Working Group; this deplorable fact cannot fail to diminish the prestige of the United Nations as an organ for the advancement of human rights. Having already raised serious objections to the progress report of the Ad Hoc Working Group, which was presented to the thirtieth session of the General Assembly, the Chilean Government had hoped that, for the sake of greater objectivity, the final report would be the result of a responsible and broad investigation based on a thorough examination of all available information. A cursory reading of the Report shows that the flaws of the progress report, far from disappearing, have now become much worse. Of course, the Report continues to omit practically all the background information presented by the Government of Chile, while deliberately and arbitrarily rejecting those items of such information that it does contain. Like the progress report, this document is based almost exclusively on the statements of witnesses, sworn enemies of, the Government of Chile, v;hile no proof is offered of the truth of,their assertions. Anything likely to discredit the Government of Chile is noted down, even though many of these accounts are implausible and fanciful. In fact, this Report draws a highly defamatory picture of Chile, depicting its people as brutal and uncivilized, and capable of committing horrors which belong exclusively in the minds of certain witnesses who, in their determination to discredit the Government of Chile, and replace it by another kind of government, have given no thought to the enormous harm they are doing to their country. An oral statement will be made in the Commission, giving the Chilean Government's reply to this Report; however, the Chilean Delegation feels obliged to further illustrate its position in writing. Examples of the Report's lack of objectivity (a) Misleading informa.tion 1. Paragraph 145 of the Report states that the attempted murder of Bernardo Leighton and his wife in Rome had been analyzed and that the "information would seem to indicate that ... it was inspired by sources which may have roots in Chile". E/OT.4/1207 pa^e 4 The inclusion of such an affirmation, even in this qualified form, is inadmissible; it is a serious error vrhich calls into question the seriousness and impartiality which one would have hoped to find in this kind of Eeport. The Government of Chile emphatically rejects this assumption which lays.the whole- document open to challenge and protests at its inclusion. It is plainly not possible to include in a. Report an event which happened outside Chile and which is being investigated by the competent Italian judicial authorities. Besides constituting interference in matters beyond the competence of those making the assertion, it prejudges a conclusion which is entirely unfoimded, and the possibility of which has never been raised, or even implied, by those judicial authorities. The fact that the Working Group bases its insinuations on "a number of press clippings and other information" leaves little room for doubt as to the Group's intention to harm Chile by placing on it indirect blame for an act which the Government of Chile \ias the first to officially deplore. 2. Paragraph 138 of the document includes a list of the names of 77 alleged tortured. The Government of Chile protests against this assertion. It is all too easy for the enemies of Chile to list names, which, through some curious coincidence, happen to be precisely those to be heard every day in the broadcasts of Radio Moscow. It is quite clear that little thought can have gone into the preparation of this list, as some of the persons it names are no longer alive, while others are Generals of the. Republic and public figures v/ho hold important diplomatic posts abroad, some of them since before the establishment of the Working Group. Moreover, such a procedure contrasts sharply with the zeal displayed when the iden.tity of those giving evidence against the Government of Chile is to be protected, since, in this case, no account has been taken of the obvious consequences, for the good name, the honour and the family of those named, of their inclusion in this list. 3. We take formal exception to the fact that the opinion of the President of the Republic has :een quoted from the wor^s of a witness, and not from official dociments in the possession of the Secretary General of the United Nations, The Delegation of Chile wishes it to be known in this Commission that the Press Secretary of the President of the Republic has categorically denied that His Excellency held such a conversation with the person claiming-to have witnessed his words. The same is true of the statement allegedly made by the President of the Supreme Court of Justice. It should be noted that the Report omits the long and important. âtatem;en.t . made by the fomer President of the Supreme Court of Justice, Enrique Urrutia, while, at the same time, mentioning the opinion of-that. Court through malicious, false arid tendentious statements on the part of witnesses. E/CU.4/1207 page 5 (b) Omissions in the Report What the Report omits is quite as important as the faults we have just described. 1. ITotwithstanding the abundant documentation presented to the General Assembly at its thirtieth session (the situation of human rights in Chile, October 1975> Vol. II, p. 56 and 37) about the existence of peimanent daily radio broadcasts containing programmes which call for subversion and the overthrow of the present Government, the formation of terrorist groups and the use of violence, the Report is silent on this matter. 2. ' Uor does the Report mention the numerous types of publications which circulate abundantly in foreign countries, and, in some cases, clandestinely within Chile, expressing the ideas and pursuing the aims outlined in the preceding paragraph''(dp'.cit. 5 pp. 14O-I5I, and 277-291). 3. The Report is likewise silent on the indisputable evidence presented by the Government of Chile concerning weapons which have been illegally brought into the country, and which continue even now to be brought in, and whose origin has btften made abundantly clear (op.cit., pp. 30б~3б1 and Vol. I. pp. 44-46)'. 4. The Report says nothing about the whole series of acts of violence committed in Chile, vhile the progress report was being prepared, a detailed account of which has been sent to the General Assembly (op.cit., Vol. I, pages 46-5I; Acts of violence against Chile in foreign côimtries, op.cit.. Vol. II, page 215; internal acts of violence, op.cit.. Vol. II, pages 154-186). Despite all these things, the Report states that the Group cannot be sure of the existence of events and situations which could justify the maintenance of the state of siege. Apart from the fact that, by making such a statement,, the Group has encroached on the jurisdiction of a sovereign State, it also seems to have deliberately ignored authentic information which was in its possession. Furthermore, the Report is inconsistent, in that, despite the assumption referred to above, it concludes, in paragraph 76, that the present, situation in Chile does not endanger the life' of the nation, vrhile, in the following paragraph it goes on to say that "it is impossible to conclude that such far-ranging and pervasive restrictions on human rights are required by the exigencies of the situation".
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Chilean Experience ] Chile, Specialising in Issues of Memory and Public Policy on CONTENTS Human Rights
    MEMORY OF NATIONS Democratic Transition Guide [ The Chilean Experience ] Chile, specialising in issues of memory and public policy on CONTENTS human rights. Previously, he served as a researcher and testi- mony-taker for both iterations of Chile’s second Truth Com- mission, the “Valech Commission”, which documented cases of dictatorship-era political imprisonment and torture. Currently TRANSFORMATION OF THE POLITICAL SYSTEM . 3 he teaches on a range of human rights related courses at Chile’s Alberto Hurtado University DISMANTLING THE STATE SECURITY APPARATUS ........................... 8 MARÍA LUISA ORTIZ ROJAS Head of the Collections and Research Department of the Mu- ARCHIVES OF THE REGIME ................ 16 seum of Memory and Human Rights of Chile (MMDH), since January 2010. From 1985 to 2001 she worked at the Corporation LUSTRATION .......................... 24 for the Promotion and Defence of the People’s Rights (CODE- PU) in its Mental Health and Research and Documentation INVESTIGATION AND PROSECUTION Programs. From 2002 to 2006, she worked as a documentarist OF THE CRIMES OF THE REGIME ........... 28 in the Human Rights Program of the Ministry of the Interior. From 2006 to 2009 she was Advisor in Human Rights, Archives REHABILITATION OF VICTIMS .............. 31 and Information in the Presidential Commission for Human Rights Policies, of Michelle Bachelet’s government, joining in EDUCATION AND PRESERVATION OF SITES 2008, the Museum of Memory project team and responsible for OF CONSCIENCE ........................ 38 the formation of its Collections. TIMELINE OF THE MAJOR EVENTS .......... 46 DANIELA FUENTEALBA RUBIO Sociologist from the University of Arts and Social Sciences in SOURCES USED AND FURTHER READING . 49 Chile (ARCIS). She has been working on memory and human rights from 2004 to present.
    [Show full text]
  • Flags and Banners
    Flags and Banners A Wikipedia Compilation by Michael A. Linton Contents 1 Flag 1 1.1 History ................................................. 2 1.2 National flags ............................................. 4 1.2.1 Civil flags ........................................... 8 1.2.2 War flags ........................................... 8 1.2.3 International flags ....................................... 8 1.3 At sea ................................................. 8 1.4 Shapes and designs .......................................... 9 1.4.1 Vertical flags ......................................... 12 1.5 Religious flags ............................................. 13 1.6 Linguistic flags ............................................. 13 1.7 In sports ................................................ 16 1.8 Diplomatic flags ............................................ 18 1.9 In politics ............................................... 18 1.10 Vehicle flags .............................................. 18 1.11 Swimming flags ............................................ 19 1.12 Railway flags .............................................. 20 1.13 Flagpoles ............................................... 21 1.13.1 Record heights ........................................ 21 1.13.2 Design ............................................. 21 1.14 Hoisting the flag ............................................ 21 1.15 Flags and communication ....................................... 21 1.16 Flapping ................................................ 23 1.17 See also ...............................................
    [Show full text]
  • Skeletons in the Closet
    SKELETONS IN THE CLOSET Explaining the Repression of Non- Violent Protests in South American Democracies Beatriz Sannuti de Carvalho S1255827 Master Thesis 2014 i Leiden University Faculty of Social And Behavioural Sciences Institute of Political Science Master of Science in International Relations and Diplomacy Beatriz Sannuti de Carvalho Master Thesis Skeletons in the closet ~ Explaining the Repression of Non-violent Social Protests in South American Democracies First reader: Prof. Dr. Rebekah Tromble (Leiden University) Second reader: Prof. Dr. Oda van Cranenburgh (Leiden University) Leiden, 27 August 2014 ii Acknowledgements I am very grateful to Prof. Dr. Rebekah Tromble who kindly accepted being my supervisor and whose advice, corrections, kindness towards me when I was facing difficulties and valuable inputs and support were essential for this thesis. I would also like to thank Prof. Dr. Oda van Cranenburgh for being kind to serve as the second reader for this thesis and Prof. Frank de Zwart for his support. I must also thank my friends, classmates and the professors of the Master of Sciences in International Relations & Diplomacy for enriching my time in Leiden University and for their support and friendship, which I hold dearly to my heart. I specially would like to thank four of these incredible people: Bas, Bob, Sus and Jana, knowing I could count on you has been the most precious gift I could have ever received from Leiden and I hope I can repay your kindness and friendship one day. Those who have friends indeed have everything. My gratitude must also go to my brothers Vicente and Vinicius and to my boyfriend Rafael for making themselves present even with an Ocean between us, for their patience, understanding in challenging times and for being my rock.
    [Show full text]
  • Escenarios De Delincuencia Juvenil En El
    Historical Overview R e v i s t a R e v i s t a Reseña Histórica Revista Criminalidad is a periodical published by the La Revista Criminalidad es una publicación que edita Directorate of Criminal Investigation and INTERPOL Criminalidad la Dirección de Investigación Criminal e INTERPOL (“Direccion de Investigacion Criminal e INTERPOL”) (DIJIN) de la Policía Nacional de Colombia. En 1955, –DIJIN– of the Colombian National Police. In 1955, a través del Departamento de Información Criminal y Volumen 61 ● Número 2 ● Mayo - Agosto 2019 ● ISSN 1794 - 3108 ● 1-192 páginas ● 700 ejemplares ● Bogotá, D. C., Colombia through the Criminal and Statistics Information Criminalidad Estadística, se inició la recopilación ordenada y Department initiated an orderly, disciplined and sistemática de registros administrativos con fines systematic gathering of administrative records of estadísticos de delitos, contravenciones y servicios crimes, offenses, breaches, violations and police de policía a nivel nacional; sin embargo, solo a partir services at the national level. However, only since de 1958 los datos y análisis se hacen públicos, Bogotá, D. C., Colombia 1958, this kind of information was made public ● mediante el documento titulado Estudio through a document entitled Estudio Criminológico Criminológico 1958. 1958 (literally, Criminological Study 1958). En 1960 se empezó el estudio de las infracciones a In 1960, the study of breaches of the Colombian los títulos del Código Penal colombiano, y en 1965 Criminal Code titles was first launched and, in 1965, 700 ejemplares se estructuró y dio forma a los contenidos de la ● the publication’s contents were structured and publicación. En 1974 se creó la Oficina de Estudios shaped.
    [Show full text]
  • Relevant Data for the Adoption of the List of Issues Prior to the Sixth Periodic Report of Chile
    Relevant data for the adoption of the list of issues prior to the sixth periodic report of Chile Convention on the Rights of the Child Report prepared by the National Institute of Human Rights 1 Preliminary aspects 1. Through this report, the National Institute of Human Rights (NHRI) informs the Committee on the Rights of the Child of a synthetic document with proposals for relevant issues to be addressed in the process of adopting the list of issues prior to submission of the sixth periodic report of Chile, to be made in the pre-session No. 86 of the Working Group between February 10 and 14, 2020. This presentation follows the structure of the final observations issued by the Committee in 2015 (CRC/C/CHL/CO/4-5). A. General measures of application (Articles 4, 42 and 44) Legislation 2. In 2015 the processing of the draft law that establishes a Child Rights Guarantee System (Bulletin 10315-18), which is in the second constitutional process, began. In relation to the need to replace the National Service for Minors (SENAME), several bills have been presented aimed at creating two new specialized agencies to guarantee the rights of children and adolescents (NNA): one dedicated to the protection of childhood; the other, responsible for promoting the social reintegration of adolescents in conflict with the criminal law. In 2012, the bill that suppresses the current National Service for Minors was introduced, creating two new services for children and adolescents (Bulletin 8487-07), whose processing has not registered progress since January 2014. Subsequently, In April 2017, the project created by the National Youth Social Reintegration Service (Servicio Nacional de Reinserción Social Juvenil) (Bulletin 11174-07) was introduced, which at the closing date of this document had not completed its first constitutional process.
    [Show full text]
  • Integrated Annual Report
    Integrated Annual Report 7 8 CORPORATE EXHIBITS INFORMATION HOME chapter.one | ANDINA AT 2019 INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2 1 A GLANCE 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 ANDINA AT A GLANCE OUR HISTORY SUSTAINABLE VALUE VALUE CREATION WE OPERATE WITH OUR PRINCIPAL METRICS CORPORATE EXHIBITS CREATION STRATEGY INTEGRITY INFORMATION HOME WHAT DO WE DO? 102-6, 102-7, 102-8 INDICATOR 2018 2019 Volume UC 751 million (1) UC 746 million Sales M US$ 2,569 2,495 Ebitda M US$ 502 491 Ebitda Margin (%) 19.52% 19.68% Net income (Income attributable to the owners of the controller ) MM US$ 149 247 Liters of water per liter of produced beverage (2) 2.01 1.96 Percentage of sales returnable formats (3) 31.3% 31.7% Percentage of sales reduced or zero sugar (4) 18.5% 20.8% (8) Percentage recycled residue (5) 84.5% 88.7% (6) Used energy ratio 0.33 0.32 (7) Internal environment favorability 69% 72% (1) UC: Unit Cases 5.678 liters per each unit case. (5) Tons recycled residue / tons total residue generated. (2) Liters used / liters of produced beverage (6) MJ/liters of produced beverage. t Coca-Cola Andina we are present in four South American (3) Volume sold in returnable formats / total volume. (7) Biannual climate survey. (4) portfolio % reduced or zero sugar contents. (8) In 2019 mid-cal sale (less than 5 gr of sugar per each 100 ml) countries (Argentina, Brazil, Chile and Paraguay) and we have 17,586 plus the sale of zero sugar was 28.5% 2019 INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT Acollaborators to cover a population of approximately 54 million 3 inhabitants.
    [Show full text]
  • Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women
    United Nations CEDAW/C/CHL/Q/7/Add.1 Convention on the Elimination Distr.: General 9 November 2017 of All Forms of Discrimination English against Women Original: Spanish Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women Sixty-ninth session 19 February–9 March 2018 Item 4 of the provisional agenda Consideration of reports submitted by States parties under article 18 of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women List of issues and questions in relation to the seventh periodic report of Chile Addendum Responses of Chile* [Date received: 9 November 2017] Note: The present document is being circulated in English, French and Spanish only. * The present document is being issued without formal editing. 17-19865 (E) 041217 061217 *1719865* CEDAW/C/CHL/Q/7/Add.1 General 1. With regard to civil society participation under Act No. 20.500, the Ministry for Women and Gender Equity (MMEG) and the National Service for Women and Gender Equity (SERNAMEG) have since 2015 had a Civil Society Council (COSOC), consultative in nature, comprising representatives of non-profit organizations whose missions are related to the policies, plans and programmes carried out by the Ministry, these organizations being chosen by their peers in order to strengthen the relations between organized civil society and the Ministry and Service and make citizen participation an integral part of the processes of design, implementation and review of public management. 2. The Government’s seventh periodic report was presented to civil society at an event on 24 November 2016 at which organizations active in the area of women’s human rights were represented.
    [Show full text]
  • Chilean Experience ] Chile, Specialising in Issues of Memory and Public Policy on CONTENTS Human Rights
    MEMORY OF NATIONS Democratic Transition Guide [ The Chilean Experience ] Chile, specialising in issues of memory and public policy on CONTENTS human rights. Previously, he served as a researcher and testi- mony-taker for both iterations of Chile’s second Truth Com- mission, the “Valech Commission”, which documented cases of dictatorship-era political imprisonment and torture. Currently TRANSFORMATION OF THE POLITICAL SYSTEM . 3 he teaches on a range of human rights related courses at Chile’s Alberto Hurtado University DISMANTLING THE STATE SECURITY APPARATUS ........................... 8 MARÍA LUISA ORTIZ Head of the Collections and Research Department of the Mu- ARCHIVES OF THE REGIME ................ 16 seum of Memory and Human Rights of Chile (MMDH), since January 2010. From 1985 to 2001 she worked at the Corporation LUSTRATION .......................... 24 for the Promotion and Defence of the People’s Rights (CODE- PU) in its Mental Health and Research and Documentation INVESTIGATION AND PROSECUTION Programs. From 2002 to 2006, she worked as a documentarist OF THE CRIMES OF THE REGIME ........... 28 in the Human Rights Program of the Ministry of the Interior. From 2006 to 2009 she was Advisor in Human Rights, Archives REHABILITATION OF VICTIMS .............. 31 and Information in the Presidential Commission for Human Rights Policies, of Michelle Bachelet’s government, joining in EDUCATION AND PRESERVATION OF SITES 2008, the Museum of Memory project team and responsible for OF CONSCIENCE ........................ 38 the formation of its Collections. TIMELINE OF THE MAJOR EVENTS .......... 46 DANIELA FUENTEALBA Sociologist from the University of Arts and Social Sciences in SOURCES USED AND FURTHER READING . 49 Chile (ARCIS). She has been working on memory and human rights from 2004 to present.
    [Show full text]
  • Epu Conjunto
    INTRODUCTION 1. Corporación Humanas1 has been established as the coordinating entity for this report, which presents the main problems facing Chile with respect to human rights, in the opinion of the signatory organizations, including recommendations to make progress on guaranteeing these rights. A. BACKGROUND Consultation process for the preparation of the status report 2. Eight months from the Chilean State presenting its report to the Human Rights Council, there was a call for civil society organizations to consult on the most important topics to be reported. While we recognize the importance of this activity, it was held in Santiago, thus constituting a breach of the call’s nation-wide directive,2 and does not represent or replace the need to implement a permanent monitoring mechanism. Scope of international obligations 3. The State of Chile ratified the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court3and the Convention against enforced disappearance. In order to comply with recommendations 1, 2 and 3 from 2009, it is necessary to ratify the Optional Protocol to CEDAW, the Protocol of San Salvador, the Optional Protocol to the ICESCR, Convention 189 concerning Decent Work for Domestic Workers and the ILO Safety and Health in Agriculture Convention 184. Institutional and human rights infrastructure 4. Although the National Human Rights Institute4 (recommendations 7, 10 and 11) has played a significant role in the promotion and protection of human rights in Chile, and the proposed law to create a Human Rights Undersecretary5 will give rise to a government body to coordinate the various public agencies, progress in the creation of a human rights institutional framework has been slow.
    [Show full text]
  • SNAPSHOT of CIVIL REGISTRATION and VITAL STATISTICS SYSTEMS of CHILE Ii SNAPSHOT of CRVS SYSTEMS of CHILE
    CENTRE OF EXCELLENCE LE CENTRE D’EXCELLENCE for CRVS Systems sur les systèmes ESEC SNAPSHOT OF CIVIL REGISTRATION AND VITAL STATISTICS SYSTEMS OF CHILE ii SNAPSHOT OF CRVS SYSTEMS OF CHILE Program information About the Centre of Excellence for About the International CRVS Systems Development Research Centre (IDRC) Housed at the International Development Research Centre (IDRC), the Centre of Excellence for Civil Part of Canada’s foreign affairs and development Registration and Vital Statistics (CRVS) Systems is efforts, IDRC invests in knowledge, innovation, a global knowledge and resource hub that actively and solutions to improve the lives of people in supports national efforts to develop, strengthen, the developing world. IDRC works with many and scale-up CRVS systems. It collaborates stakeholders, including civil society organizations, with organizations and experts to broker access think tanks, regional organizations, and government to information and expertise, including global departments to promote growth, reduce poverty, standards, tools, research evidence, and relevant and drive large-scale positive change. good practice. The Centre of Excellence was established with funding from Global Affairs Canada and IDRC and contributes directly to the work of the Global Financing Facility, a key financing platform of the UN Secretary General’s Global Strategy for Women’s, Children’s and Adolescents’ Health. Published by the Centre of Excellence for Civil Registration and Vital Statistics (CRVS) Systems with input from the Organization of American States (OAS). This publication was authored by Zoran Đoković, a consultant with the Centre of Excellence. International Development Research Centre PO Box 8500, Ottawa, ON Canada Email: [email protected] www.CRVSsystems.ca © International Development Research Centre 2020 The research presented in this publication was carried out with financial and technical assistance from the Centre of Excellence for CRVS Systems.
    [Show full text]
  • Mapuche Women's Land Rights Activism and State-Led Gender
    Mapuche Women’s Land Rights Activism and State-Led Gender Based Violence under Neoliberal Globalization in Chile Undergraduate Research Thesis Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for graduation “with Honors Research Distinction in Spanish” in the undergraduate colleges of the Ohio State University By Kirsten Sippola The Ohio State University December 2018 Project Advisor: Dr. Ana Del Sarto, Department of Spanish and Portuguese Sippola 2 Table of Contents I. Introduction 3 a. Four Mapuche Activists 7 i. Macarena Valdés 7 ii. Patricia Troncoso 7 iii. Daniela Ñancupil 8 iv. Nicolasa Quintreman 9 II. Mapuche Women, the Chilean State, and Globalization 10 a. Clashing Political Economies 10 b. Relationship between Industry and the Chilean Government 14 c. Upholding Globalization through Neoliberalism 15 d. Mapuche Women and their Community 19 III. State-Led Violence against Mapuche Women 20 i. Nicolasa Quintreman 21 ii. Macarena Valdés 22 iii. Daniela Ñancupil 23 iv. Patricia Troncoso 24 IV. Characterizing State-Led Violence as Gender-Based Violence 25 a. Mapuche Women and the Capitalist Division of Labor 26 b. Mapuche Activists and the Capitalist Division of Labor 29 i. Macarena Valdés 29 ii. Nicolasa Quintreman 31 iii. Daniela Ñancupil 32 iv. Patricia Troncoso 33 V. State Led Violence: Mapuche Women vs. Mapuche Men 35 a. Mapuche Women: Derivatives of Mapuche Men 36 b. Mapuche Women and Poverty 38 c. State Ownership of Mapuche Women’s Bodies 40 VI. The Second Chilean State 44 a. The Antiterrorism Law 47 b. The Monopoly on Violence 50 VII. Conclusion 52 VIII. Bibliography 55 Sippola 3 I. Introduction The Mapuche are Chile’s largest indigenous group, with 1,745,147 people identifying as Mapuche in 2017, which represents 79.8% of the country’s indigenous population and almost 10% of the national population (National Institute of Statistics 16).
    [Show full text]
  • 2016 Sustainability Report
    2016 SUSTAINABILITY REPORT SUSTAINABILITY REPORT 2016 Table of Contents Letter from the Chairman of the Board 4 5. Supplier and Contractor Relations 54 Letter from the CEO 6 5.1 Our Suppliers and Contractors 56 1. We Are Metro de Santiago 8 5.2 External Labor Relations 58 1.1 Our History 10 5.3 Health and Safety 59 1.2 Metro de Santiago Network 12 6. Community Relations 62 1.3 Our Business 14 6.1 Our Communities 64 1.4 Economic and Financial Performance 15 6.2 Community Relations Strategy 64 1.5 Our Corporate Strategy 18 6.3 Community Management 65 1.6 Sustainaibility Management 23 6.4 Publishing and Promoting Social Initiatives 68 2. Corporate Governance 24 7. Passenger Relations 70 2.1 Metro, a Company for All Chileans 26 7.1 Our Passengers 72 2.2 Organizational Chart 27 7.2 Operational Balance 73 2.3 Description and Makeup of the Board 28 7.3 Service Improvements 74 2.4 Board of Directors 28 7.4 Communicating with Passengers 76 2.5 Description and Makeup of Administration 29 7.5 More Senior Benefits 79 2.6 Ethics and Good Practices 30 7.6 Universal Access 79 2.7 Risk Management 31 7.7 bip! Card and Charging Network 80 3. Urban Setting 32 7.8 Service and Riding Experience 81 3.1 Urban Integration 34 7.9 Safety and Security 82 3.2 Art and Culture 36 7.10 Contingency Management 84 3.3 Network Expansion 39 8. Environmental Management 86 4. Worker Relations 44 8.1 Our Management 88 4.1 Our Workers 46 8.2 Energy Management 89 4.2 Collaborative Management 48 8.3 Environmental Impact Mitigation 92 4.3 Excellence Program 49 8.4 Responsible Use of Resources 94 4.4 Professional Training and Development 50 8.5 Commitment to Climate Change 94 4.5 Quality of Life at Work 51 9.
    [Show full text]