Brill Research Perspectives in Jesuit Studies 1.4 (2019) 1–115 brill.com/brp Pre-suppression Jesuit Activity in the British Isles and Ireland Thomas M. McCoog, S.J. Fordham University, New York, USA
[email protected] Abstract The British Isles and Ireland tested the self-proclaimed adaptability and flexibility of the new Society of Jesus. A mission to Ireland highlighted the complexities and ended in failure in the early 1580s, not to be revived until 1598. The fabled Jesuit mis- sion to England in 1580 conceived in wistful optimism was baptized with blood with the execution of Edmund Campion in 1581 and the consequent political manoeuvres of Robert Persons. The Scottish mission began in December 1581. The three missions remained distinct in the pre-suppression period despite an occasional proposal for integration. The English mission was the largest, the bloodiest, the most controversial, and the only one to progress to full provincial status. The government tried to suppress it; the Benedictines tried to complement it; the vicars apostolic tried to control it; and foreign Jesuits tried to recognize it. Nonetheless, the English province forged a corpo- rate identity that even withstood the suppression. Keywords Robert Persons – Edmund Campion – Henry Garnet – Richard Blount – Christopher Holywood – William Crichton – Maryland – John Thorpe – suppression of the Society – restoration of the Society 1 Initial Contact Hagiography abhors a vacuum almost as much as nature does, and it so often completes historical lacunae. We know from the journal of Ignatius of Loyola (c.1491–1556) that he visited London on a begging tour during his student days © Thomas M.