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LUT Lut 33 1983 FAO SPECIES IDENTIFICATION SHEETS FAMILY

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LUT Lut 33 1983 FAO SPECIES IDENTIFICATION SHEETS FAMILY click for previous page LUT Lut 33 1983 FAO SPECIES IDENTIFICATION SHEETS FAMILY: LUTJANIDAE FISHING AREA 51 (W. Indian Ocean) Lutjanus duodecemlineatus (Valenciennes, 1839) OTHER SCIENTIFIC NAMES STILL IN USE: Lutjanus notatus (Cuvier, 1828) VERNACULAR NAMES: FAO : En - Bluestriped snapper Fr - Vivaneau à raies bleues Sp - Pargo docenario NATIONAL: DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS: A small, robust snapper with a prominent notch on rear edge of preopercle. Vomerine teeth in a narrow Λ - shaped patch, without a median posterior projection; gillrakers on first gill arch 6 or 7 + 1 + 11 or 12 (including rudiments). Dorsal fin with 11 or 12 spines and 12 or 13 soft rays; anal fin with 3 spines and 8 soft rays; caudal fin emarginate. Lateral line scales 48 or 49; longitudinal scale rows ascending obliquely above lateral line and running horizontally below it; predorsal scales beginning at midinterorbital space; preopercle with 10 to 12 scale rows, including those on lower border. Colour: generally yellow with 6 or 7 blue stripes on sides, the uppermost 3 or 4 running obliquely from back of eye to dorsal fin base; a large blackish spot sometimes present below soft dorsal fin, positioned mainly above lateral line; fins yellowish. DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERS OF SIMILAR SPECIES OCCURRING THE AREA: Lutjanus coeruleolineatus (only Red and Arabian Seas): colour pattern similar, but with blue spots or broken lines on snout and cheek; 10 dorsal spines (11 or 12 in L. duodecemlineatus); predorsal scales beginning well behind eyes (begin at midinterorbital in L. duodecem- lineatus). _L. bengalensis: 4 blue stripes on side (6 or 7 in _L. duodecemlineatus); no blue spots or broken lines on snout and cheek; no blackish spot on upper side below soft dorsal fin. L. coeruleolineatus L. kasmira: 10 dorsal spines; 4 blue stripes on side; 5 or 6 scale rows on preopercle (10 to 12 in L. duodecem- lineatus). L. quinquelineatus (mainly Eastern Indian Ocean and Western Pacific): 10 dorsal spines; 5 blue stripes on side. Other species of Lutianus: coloration different (i.e., they lack basic combination of blue stripes on a yellow ground). L. bengalensis L. quinquelineatus SIZE: Maximum: 25 cm; common to 20 cm. L. kasmira GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION AND BEHAVIOUR: Southwestern Indian Ocean including Mauritius, Réunion, Madagascar and southern Africa. Inhabits coral reefs at depths between about 10 and 50 m, sometimes occurring in large aggregations. Feeds mainly on fishes and crustaceans. PRESENT FISHING GROUNDS: Coastal coral reefs. CATCHES, FISHING GEAR AND FORMS OF UTILIZATION: Separate statistics are not reported for this species. Caught mainly with handlines, traps and gillnets. Marketed mostly fresh. LUT Lut 34 1983 FAO SPECIES IDENTIFICATION SHEETS FAMILY: LUTJANIDAE FISHING AREA 51 (W. Indian Ocean) Lutjanus ehrenbergi (Peters, 1869) OTHER SCIENTIFIC NAMES STILL IN USE: None VERNACULAR NAMES: FAO : En - Ehrenberg's snapper Fr - Vivaneau carpe Sp - Pargo carpén NATIONAL: DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS: A small, moderately robust snapper with an indistinct notch on rear edge of preopercle; vomerine teeth (on roof of mouth) in a triangular patch with a short, median posterior projection; preorbital space (between eye and maxilla) narrow, 8.5 to 10.3 times in head length. Dorsal fin with 10 spines and 13 soft rays; anal fin with 3 spines and 8 soft rays; caudal fin truncate to emarginate. Lateral line scales 46 to 50; longitudinal scale rows not ascending obliquely, scales above and below lateral line arranged in horizontal rows; predorsal scales (on top of head beginning well behind eyes; preopercle with 5 or 6 scale rows, the lower border scaleless. Colour: generally silvery with yellow suffusion; a series of about 7 or 8 narrow, longitudinal, yellow stripes on side; a prominent black spot on back below junction of spinous and soft parts of dorsal fin, the lateral line running through middle or lower half of spot; fins yellow except pelvics sometimes white. DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERS OF SIMILAR. SPECIES OCCURRING IN THE AREA: Lutjanus johni: body with dark streaks on scales; blotch on back located above lateral line; predorrsal scales beginning at a transverse line through rear edge of eyes. L. johni Other Lutjanus species of pale ground colour with a dark blotch on back: longitudinal scale rows above lateral line running obliquely upward (horizontal in L. ehrenbergi and L. johni). Furthermore: L. fulviflammus: preorbital space wider, 5.5 to 6.5 times in head length (8.5 to 10.3 times in L. ehrenbergi); vomerine tooth patch with a long, L. monostigmus posterior median projection; lateral line running L. ehrenbergi through middle or upper half of black blotch on and many others L. johni back. L. monostiqmus: preorbital space wider, 5 to 6 times in head length; vomerine teeth in a narrow Λ- shaped patch without a posterior projec- tion. L. russelli: preorbital space wider, 5 to 6 times in head length; dorsal fin with 14 or 15 soft rays (13 in L. ehrenbergi); frequently 5 or 6 oblique L. fulviflammus brown stripes on sides. L. duodecemlineatus, L. kasmira and L. coeruleolineatus: a series of blue stripes on back. Furthermore, vomerine tooth patch without a poste- rior extension, dorsal fin rays 14 or 15, and pre- dorsal scales beginning on interorbital space in L. kasmira, only 12 dorsal fin rays in L. coeruleo- lineatus. Other Lutjanus species: no black blotch on body, or ground colour different. L. monostigmus SIZE: Maximum: 30 cm; common to 25 cm. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION AND BEHAVIOUR: Within the area, it occurs north of about 23°S, also L. russelli found in the Eastern Indian Ocean and the Western Central Pacific. Inhabits coral reefs and shallow estuaries, occurring solitarily or in small aggregations. Feeds on small fishes and invertebrates, mainly crustaceans. PRESENT FISHING GROUNDS: Coral reefs throughout its range. CATCHES, FISHING GEAR AND FORMS OF UTILIZATION: Separate statistics are not reported for this species. Caught mainly with handlines, traps and gillnets. Marketed mostly fresh. LUT Lut 35 1983 FAO SPECIES IDENTIFICATION SHEETS FAMILY: LUTJANIDAE FISHING AREA 51 (W. Indian Ocean) Lutjanus fulvus (Schneider,1801) OTHER SCIENTIFIC NAMES STILL IN USE: Lutjanus vagiensis Lutjanus marginatus VERNACULAR NAMES: FAO : En - Blacktail snapper Fr - Vivaneau queue noire Sp - Pargo rabo negro NATIONAL: DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS: A medium-sized, robust snapper with a prominent notch on rear edge of preopercle. Snout profile straight; vomerine teeth in a narrow Λ-shaped patch without a median posterior projection; preorbital space (between eye and maxilla broad, 4.1 to 6.0 times in head length. Dorsal fin with 10 stripes and 14 soft rays; anal fin with 3 spines and 8 soft rays; caudal fin emarginate. Lateral line scales 46 to 50; longitudinal scale rows ascending obliquely above lateral line and running horizontally below it; predorsal scales beginning even with read edge of eyes or slightly behind; preopercle with 6 or 7 scale rows, the lower border scaleless. Colour: ground colour grey, grey-brown or yellowish, white or pale yellow ventrally; sometimes a series of narrow, yellow lines on sides and indications of these frequently present across lower portion of head; sometimes a yellow area around eye; dorsal fin overall reddish or dusky, sometimes with a broad smokey-grey margin; caudal fin black, with a narrow white margin; anal and pelvic fins yellow; pectoral fins translucent with a yellow suffusion. DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERS OF SIMILAR SPECIES OCCURRING THE AREA: Lutjanus lunulatus: caudal fin with a <-shaped black area at base, the posterior margin broadly whitish; most of body silvery-grey without yellow lines, abruptly bright yellow ventrally; an indistinct, shallow notch on rear edge of preopercle. Lutjanus lemniscatus: an indistinct shallow notch on rear edge of preopercle; caudal fin without a distinct white edge (tips of lobes may be paler than rest of fin); juveniles under about 15 cm with one or more dark mid- lateral stripes, larger specimens frequently overall reddish or pink. L. lunulatus Other Lutjanus species: all lack the combination of a black tail and yellow anal and pelvic fins. Further- more, most of these species have other characteristic markings (large blotch on or above lateral line, one or more stripes, etc.) or have different ground colours. SIZE: Maximum: 50 cm; common to 35 cm. L. lemniscatus GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION AND BEHAVIOUR: Throughout the area north of 22°S. Elsewhere, in the Eastern Indian Ocean and the Western Pacific as far as the Society and Tuamotu islands. Inhabits coral and rubble reefs to depths of about 80 m. Feeds mainly on fishes and crustaceans. PRESENT FISHING GROUNDS: Coral and rubble reefs throughout its range. CATCHES, FISHING GEAR AND FORMS OF UTILIZATION: Separate statistics are not reported for this species. Caught mainly with handlines, traps and gillnets. Marketed mainly fresh. LUT Lut 36 1983 FAO SPECIES IDENTIFICATION SHEETS FAMILY: LUTJANIDAE FISHING AREA 51 (W. Indian Ocean) Lutjanus kasmira (Forsskål, 1775) OTHER SCIENTIFIC NAMES STILL IN USE: None VERNACULAR NAMES: FAO : En - Common bluestripe snapper Fr - Vivaneau à raies bleues Sp - Pargo de rayas azules NATIONAL: DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS: A small, robust snapper with a prominent notch on rear edge of preopercle; vomerine teeth in a narrow Λ-shaped patch, without a median posterior projection; gillrakers on first gill arch 7 -F 12 to 14 (including rudiments). Dorsal fin with 10 spines and 14 or 15 soft rays; anal fin with 3 spines and 8 soft rays; caudal fin emarginate; lateral line scales 49 to 51; longitudinal scale rows ascending obliquely above lateral line and running horizontally below it; predorsal scales beginning at mid-interorbital space; preopercle with 5 or 6 scale rows, the lower border scaleless or with only a few embedded scales. Colour: generally yellow with abrupt transition to white on lower one-third; a series of 4 blue stripes on yellow portion of body; black spot sometimes present on back below middle of .dorsal fin; fins yellow, upper pectoral rays slightly dusky.
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