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A NEW SPECIES OF PRISTIPOMOIDES (PISCES: LUTJANIDAE) FROM THE TROPICAL WESTERN ATLANTIC1 WILLIAM D. ANDERSON, JR.::! U. S. Bureau of Commercial Fisheries Biological Laboratory, Brunswick, Georgia ABSTRACT A new species of lutjanid fish of the genus Pristipomoides is described from 28 specimens collected off Panama, Colombia, and Surinam in 137 to 183 m and one from the fish market at Bridgetown, Barbados. Brief descriptions, and discussions of synonymies and distributions of the other two western Atlantic species of the genus (Pristipomoides aquilonaris and P. macrophthalmus) are given; a key to the three species is presented. INTRODUCTION Twenty-eight specimens of a new species of Pristipomoides were collected in the western Atlantic off Panama, Colombia, and Surinam during cruises of the U. S. Bureau of Commercial Fisheries exploratory fishing vessel OREGON.An additional specimen was obtained from the fish market at Bridgetown, Barbados. Many specimens of the other two western Atlantic species of Pristipomoides, P. aquilonaris (Goode & Bean, 1896), and P. macroph- thalmus (MUller & Troschel, 1848), have been collected aboard the R/V SILVERBAY (formerly chartered by the U. S. Bureau of Commercial Fisheries) and the R/V OREGON.From this material we can derive new concepts of the biology and zoogeography of these two species. Other species of Pristipomoides have been recorded from the central Pacific to the Indian Ocean. Altogether there are approximately 10 nominal species of Pristipomoides. The following abbreviations are used in this paper: ANSP (The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia), BLBG (U. S. Bureau of Commercial Fisheries Biological Laboratory, Brunswick, Georgia), CNHM (Chicago Natural History Museum), FSBC (Florida State Board of Conservation, St. Petersburg), LACM (Los Angeles County Museum), MCZ (Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University), SU (Stanford University), TABL (U. S. Bureau of Commercial Fisheries Tropical Atlantic Biological Laboratory, Miami, Florida), UF (Florida State Museum, University of Florida), UMML (University of Miami Marine Laboratory), UPR (Institute of Marine Biology, University of 'Contribution No. 83 from U. S. Bureau of Commercial Fisheries Biological Laboratory, Brunswick, Georgia. 'Present address: Department of Biology, University of Chattanooga, Chattanooga, Tennessee 37403. 1966] Anderson: New Species of Pristipomoides 815 '" .• . f.LuJ-'~"_ .gQlIiJOI1(Ui.l. E •• lllQ.U.1l 51b..thitlm.u E" ... J: :;:60 ..' ·.i . W ,. ~'i7' o ..... " . ~..~·r:-:~~. .: >-" ..:.••.... o .", ..... o ,.to: 00 "'" .'~ 0 .'.t \l [', 1Lu.ma..ni. 0 ~ ••" 'b 0 ,.~~o 0 ./h 120 I~O 160 ISO 2DO 22D '.0 STANDARD LENGTH (mm) FIGURE 1. Relation of body depth to standard length for western Atlantic species of Prislipomoides. Puerto Rico), and USNM (U. S. National Museum). SL designates standard length. I am grateful to James E. Bohlke (ANSP), David K. Caldwell (LACM), Carter R. Gilbert (UF), Giles W. Mead (MCZ), Martin A. Moe, Jr. (FSBC), John E. Randall (UPR), and Leonard P. Schultz (USNM) for allowing me to examine specimens in their care; to Harvey R. Bullis, Jr. (U. S. Bureau of Commercial Fisheries, Exploratory Fishing and Gear Research Base, Pascagoula, Mississippi) for his assiduous efforts in making material available to me; to Elmer J. Gutherz (BLBG) for obtaining the specimen from Barbados; and to Grady W. Reinert (TABL) for preparing the illustration of the new species. William W. Anderson (BLBG), Frederick H. Berry (TABL), Jack W. Gehringer (BLBG), Carter R. Gilbert (UF), John E. Randall (UPR), and Loren P. Woods (CNHM) read the manuscript and made valuable comments. METHODS Counts and measurements were made according to the methods outlined by Hubbs & Lagler (1958), except body depth was measured from the origin of the first dorsal spine vertically to the ventral surface of the body. 816 Bulletin of Marine Science [16 (4) On specimens in which the two pectoral fins and two pelvic fins were of unequal length, the longer fin was measured. Pectoral-fin rays and lateral-line scales were counted on the left side of specimens, where possible. All gillraker counts were made from the right side of the new species and in P. macrophthalmus, and from the right side, where possible, in P. aquilonaris. Both well-developed rakers and rudiments on the antero- lateral surface of the anterior gill arch were included in the gillraker counts. In some specimens of Pristipomoides aquilonaris and P. macroph- thalmus, "intercalated" gillrakers and rudiments may be present between, lateral to, or medial to those in the anterolateral series. These "inter- calated" elements were not counted. Counts shown in parentheses were encountered infrequently. KEY TO WESTERNATLANTICSPECIESOF Pristipomoides A Depth of body 3.5-4.2 times in SL (23.9-28.2 per cent SL, Fig. 1). Total number of gillrakers and rudiments on anterior gill arch 28-30(31) [(8)9(10) + (19)20-21 (22)]. Lateral- line scales 50-51 .Slender wenchman. Pristipomoides freemani. AA Depth of body 2.5-3.2 times in SL (31.1-40.5 per cent SL, Fig. 1). Total number of gillrakers and rudiments on anterior gill arch 19-28 .. ..... .. ..__ B B Lateral-line scales (48) 49-51 (52). Total number of gillrakers and rudiments on anterior gill arch (24) 25-27 (28) [7-9 + ( 16) 17-19 (20)] _.. Wenchman. Pristipomoides aquilonaris. BB Lateral-line scales 54-56(57). Total number of gillrakers and rudiments on anterior gill arch (19)20-23(24-25) [6-7(8) + (13) 14-16( 17) l Voraz. Pristipomoides macrophthalmus. Pristipomoides freemani, new species Fig. 2 Material Examined.-HoLOTYPE: USNM 199391 (157 mm SL), from off Colombia, Lat. 12°09'N, Long. 72°47'W, 183 m, OREGONstation 4913, 1 June 1964. PARATYPES:19 specimens, 87-154 mm SL, from same station as holo- type; USNM 199387 (7,87-154 mm SL), TABL uncatalogued (6,90-148 mm SL), ANSP 103283 (1, 131 mm SL), CNHM 66787 (1, 136 mm SL), MCZ 44233 (1, 130 mm SL), SU 63300 (1, 134 mm SL), UF 12525 (1, 98 mm SL), and UMML 17816 (1, 97 mm SL).-Six specimens, 59-78 mm SL, off Colombia, Lat. 12°08'N, Long. 72°41W, 137 m, OREGONstation 4914, 1 June 1964; USNM 199390 (4, 59-78 mm SL) and TABL uncatalogued (2, 61-69 mm SL).-USNM 199388 (1 specimen, 116 mm SL), off Panama, Lat. 09°18'N, Long. 80027'W, 1966] Anderson: New Species of Pristipomoides 817 FIGURE 2. Ho)otype of Pristipomoides freemani (USNM 199391), 157 mm SL. Drawn by Grady W. Reinert. 183 m, OREGON station 3588, 29 May 1962.-USNM 199389 (1 specimen, 132 mm SL), off Surinam, Lat. Or25'N, Long. 54°35'W, 137-146 m, OREGONstation 2289, 8 September 1958. A total of 27 paratypes, 59-154 mm SL, from the western Atlantic off Panama, Colombia, and Surinam. OTHER MATERIAL: BLBG uncatalogued (1 specimen, 175 mm SL), Barbados: Bridgetown Fish Market. Diagnosis.-A slender species of Pristipomoides; depth of body 23.9-28.2 per cent SL; pectoral fin short, 21.1-27.9 per cent SL; pelvic fin short, 18.3-20.7 per cent SL; last dorsal softray short, 8.1-11.6 per cent SL; last anal softray short, 6.9-10.2 per cent SL. Total number of gillrakers and rudiments on anterior gill arch 28-31, usually 29-30, [(8)9(10) + (19)20-21(22)]. Pored lateral-line scales 50-51. Description.-On 29 specimens (the count for holotype is followed by an asterisk): dorsal-fin rays X, 11*; anal-fin rays III, 8*; pectoral-fin rays 15-17 (15 in 2,16* in 26, and 17 in 1); pelvic-fin rays 1,5*; principal caudal-fin rays 17(9 + 8) *; pored lateral-line scales 50-51 (50* in 25, and 51 in 4); total number of gillrakers and rudiments on anterior gill arch 28-31, usually 29*-30, [(8)9(10) + (19)20-21(22)-upper limb 8 in 2,9* in 24, and 10 in 3; lower limb 19 in 2,20* in 17, 21 in 9, and 22 in 1]. In 13 specimens: vertebrae 24 (10 precauda1 + 14 caudal) *. Ranges of selected morphometric data are presented in percentage of standard length followed by the value for the holotype in parentheses. In 29 specimens (59-175 mm SL): depth of body 23.9-28.2(28.0) (Fig. 1); pectoral-fin length 21.1-27.9(27.5); pelvic-fin length 18.3- 818 Bulletin of Marine Science [16 (4) 20.7(20.1); length of last dorsal softray 8.1-11.6(ca. 10.6); length of last anal softray 6.9-1O.2(ca. 10.0). In 10 specimens (59-175 mm SL): length of first dorsal spine 3.9-4.7 (broken); length of second dorsal spine 9.2-10.1(9.2); length of third dorsal spine 10.4-12.1(12.0); length of tenth dorsal spine 8.3-10.0 (broken); length of longest dorsal spine 11.3-12.7 (12.0); longest dorsal spine the fourth in six specimens, the third in two, the fifth in one, the third and fourth about equally long in one; length of first dorsal softray 10.6-11.8 (broken); length of first anal spine 3.6-4.4(4.0); length of second anal spine 7.5-9.7(7.5); length of third anal spine 8.4-10.5 (8.4); second anal spine shorter than third except in largest specimen, in which they are equal. Snout usually a little shorter than horizontal diameter of fleshy orbit; interorbital flattened, least width of fleshy interorbital usually slightly less than horizontal diameter of fleshy orbit; mouth terminal, lower jaw inclined dorsally and projecting slightly beyond upper jaw when mouth is closed; maxillary ending under anterior part of eye, dorsal border of maxillary covered by a narrow suborbital bone when mouth is closed.
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  • List of Colour Plates

    List of Colour Plates

    click for previous page LIST OF COLOUR PLATES PLATE I - LEIOGNATHIDAE PLATE V - LUTJANIDAE 1. Gazza achlamys 27. Aphareus furca 2. Gazza minuta 28. Aphareus rutilans 3. Leiognathus aureus 29. Aprion virescens 4. Leiognathus berbis 30. Etelis carbunculus 5. Leiognathus bindus 31. Etelis coruscans 6. Leiognathus blochii 32. Lipocheilus carnolabrum 7. Leiognathus daura 33. Lutjanus adetii 8. Leiognathus decants 34. Lutjanus argentimaculatus PLATE II – LEIOGNATHIDAE PLATE VI - LUTJANIDAE 9. Leiognathus dussumieri 35. Lutjanus bengalensis 10. Leiognathus elongates 36. Lutjanus biguttatus 11. Leiognathus equulus 37. Lutjanus bohar 12. Leiognathus fasciatus 38. Lutjanus boutton 13. Leiognathus leuciscus 39. Lutjanus carponotatus 14. Leiognathus longispinis 40. Lutjanus decussatus 41. Lutjanus dodecacanthoides 42. Lutjanus ehrenbergii PLATE III - LEIOGNATHIDAE 15. Leiognathus moretoniensis 16. Leiognathus pan PLATE VII - LUTJANIDAE 17. Leiognathus rapsoni 43. Lutjanus fulviflamma 18. Leiognathus splendens 44. Lutjanus fulvus 19. Leiognathus stercorarius 45. Lutjanus gibbus 20. Leiognathus sp. 1 46. Lutjanus johnii 47. Lutjanus kasmira 48. Lutjanus lemniscatus PLATE IV - LEIOGNATHIDAE 49. Lutjanus lunulatus 21. Leiognathus sp. 2 50. Lutjanus lutjanus 22. Secutor hanedai 23. Secutor indicius 24. Secutor insidiator PLATE VIII - LUTJANIDAE 25. Secutor megalolepis 51. Lutjanus madras 26. Secutor ruconius 52. Lutjanus malabaricus 53. Lutjanus monostigma 54. Lutjanus quinquelineatus 55. Lutjanus rivulatus 56. Lutjanus russelli 57. Lutjanus semicinctus 58. Lutjanus stellatus PLATE IX – LUTJANIDAE PLATE XIII - HAEMULIDAE 59. Lutjanm vitta 91. Diagramma pictum 60. Paracaesio kusakarii 92. Diagramma pictum 61. Paracaesio sordida 93. Plectorhinchus albovittatus 62. Paracaesio xanthura 94. Plectorhinchus albovittatus 63. Parapristipomoides squamimaxillaris 95. Plectorhinchus albovittatus 64. Pinjalo lewisi 96. Plectorhinchus chaetodonoides 65. Pinjalo pinjalo 97. Plectorhinchus chaetodonoides 66. Pristipomoides argyrogrammicus 98.