Books and Reading Year 2005 News
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Books and Reading Year 2005 News JANUARY 05.01.05 The Three Kings, readers and socially committed, open the Books and Reading Year for the very young The first words of their majesties were in memory of all the children who, a few days earlier, had suffered from the devastating waves of the tsunami. And, just as King Melchior asked of them, the boys and girls of Barcelona sent a wave of kisses to the children in south eastern Asia and their families. The Three Kings of Orient arrived in Barcelona on the afternoon of 5th January. This was the beginning of a magical night: among the presents, this year they bore hundreds of adventures printed in story books. 350,000 people were waiting for them in the streets of the city. Melchior, Gaspar and Balthazar arrived in the Port of Barcelona at 5.30 pm on board the boat Santa Eulàlia. As is traditional they were welcomed by the Mayor of Barcelona, Joan Clos, who gave them the keys of the city so that they could enter all the houses and leave the presents. Also in keeping with an old tradition, he offered them bread and salt, in memory of a time when the town was enclosed by walls and the Governing Council, known as the —Consell de Cent,“ distributed bread to eat and salt to preserve food. Clos thanked the Kings for their visit and this year asked them to carry books as well as toys so that —the very young would get used to reading and learn to explore imaginary worlds“. Melchior then announced that this year they had brought a very special present for a city that was just beginning to celebrate the Books and Reading Year: —documents of incalculable value“ related with the origin of writing in each of the King‘s cultures. He, originally from the Middle Orient, carried with him Sumerian baked clay tablets which, as he explained, —have been almost miraculously saved from the wars in my country“. Gaspar, originally from Assam, in the Far Orient, offered some pieces of fabric with ancient inscriptions written in Chinese, at present the most widely spoken language in the world. And Balthazar carried one of the most valued treasures of the ancient kingdom of Nubia, a collection of papyruses with hieroglyphics. Melchior also explained that each year they go on board their vessel to travel around the world and see how things are. —We realise that on our planet there is sickness and violence. The book that will cure the world is still to be written. Will you be the writers?“ As this was his proposal, many children were willing to participate. Melchior then asked the children whether they had been good this year. Undoubtedly, the answer was a long and loud —yeees“. Literature was the protagonist of the Royal Cavalcade which, once their Majesties reached the port, started from Ciutadella Park. The parade was headed by the page Gregori who carried in his carriage the Big Book of the Kings. This illustrated the story of Page Gregori and the Big Book of the Kings , which this year has been distributed to the schools of Barcelona and explains how the page friend of the kings watches over the children and writes down in a notebook how they behave, the presents they want and their naughty pranks. Don Quixote and Sancho, who this year are having a great celebration, could not miss the parade. They were on a carriage designed by Lluís Juste 1 de Nin. Children‘s stories, such as Puss in Boots and Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs were the main characters on other floats. And they were accompanied by Mortadelo, Spiderman and Walt Disney characters. Perhaps the camels were the main attraction for the youngest, or the shiny horses ridden by 29 policemen. In total, the cavalcade had the participation of around 200 artists, 90 technicians, almost 500 volunteers as royal pages and 70 postmen of the Three Kings. After leaving Ciutadella Park, it followed Avinguda Marquès de l‘Argentera, Via Laietana, Plaça Urquinaona, Fontanella, Plaça Catalunya, Pelai, Ronda Universitat, Ronda Sant Antoni and the streets Sepúlveda, Vilamarí and Lleida until reaching the Magic Fountain of Montjuïc. Around 350,000 people filled the streets to watch the parade. 19.01.05 Professor Enric Cassany opens the course —The High Novel on Barcelona. From Narcís Oller to the Present,“ at the City History Archive, in a packed auditorium Cassany: —Before Narcís Oller, we don‘t have the novel but rather the chronicle of Barcelona“ —If we don‘t have the novel, we do have the chronicle. And this should not leave us indifferent.“ This was the conclusion of Enric Cassany, Professor at the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, who opened the course ”The High Novel on Barcelona. From Narcís Oller to the Present‘ with the lecture ”Barcelona in the work of Catalan narrators before Narcís Oller‘. The course, directed by professors Margarida Casacuberta and Marina Gustà, forms part of the Seminar on Barcelona‘s History organised by the City History Archive and is divided into 15 sessions which aim to carry out a historical and critical review of the literary image of the city of Barcelona constructed and remade from the 19th century until today. The course will examine the Catalan authors who have dealt with Barcelona —not just as a mere setting for the facts but as an active agent,“ explained Marina Gustà, the creators of an image —with a certain autonomy which may have had an influence in the city itself“. The anonymous diary Sucesos de Barcelona. 1822-1835 is the first text to which Professor Cassany referred. It is not a work of imagination but rather a written and narrative testimony allowing us to better understand the Barcelona of that time Ja socially and politically troubled periodJ of which Cassany pointed out its —illustrative strength“. The professor noted that —Barcelona can be found in the place names, in the totalising way of speaking in sentences such as ”Barcelona resembled a judgement day‘, which refers to the embodiment of the city“. Joaquín del Castillo is also a chronicler who, in contrast with the previous one, shows a —desire for impartiality“ in his narration of the —fight underway throughout Spain between libertarians and liberticides.“ Of this author, he notes an —epic attention to detail that takes him to cite the streets and the prisoners by their names but also the generalisation and personification characteristic of political language“. But the dramatisation of political affairs, in other words, their novelisation, can be found in La esplanada by Abdó Terrades (1835). In contrast with the previous narrations, here it is not the real names of the streets and the persons that are so important but rather the —case“. 2 We are, therefore, faced with a Barcelona made of —real details“ in relation to the life of people. And it is in this sense that —the novel, in this consumerist aspect, surpasses the previous mere illustrative narrative“. For Cassany, El poeta y el banquero by Pere Mata (1842) belongs to the same category as the previous: —the same settings of revolution and rebellion, epically narrated“. However, —where the others seemed raw and the image they offered seemed ”real‘, that is, genuine, truthful, reliable, here there is ”literature‘. In this case, we are faced with ”the social novel‘, embodied in two archetypes: the rich man and the poor, who could be met in Madrid or in any other city.“ Also in Los misterios de Barcelona , by Nicasio Milà, praise for the positive aspect of the ancient regime, —demagogy has ruined verisimilitude“. The first conclusion is, therefore, paradoxical, as it is —based on a narrative that provided a vivid image of the city and its social and political circumstance, in other words, a good discursive starting point, a ”fleeting‘ narrative emerges, which turns its back on reality“. In any case, this evasion, which would characterise not only the prose but also the whole literature of the Catalan literary movement of the Renaixença , is not exclusively Catalan. In Spain, Clarín also denounces it. Thus, L‘orfaneta de Menargues , a historical and patriotic novel written by Antoni de Bufarull in 1862, is also evasive. In fact, delighting in the city of the 15th century has nothing to do with creating the urban imaginary vision of the present, as at the time Dickens was doing with London or Balzac with Paris. The second conclusion is that, from the 1840s, we no longer find in literature a reflection of social tensions and disputes. The image of the real Barcelona pales and is substituted by the historical Barcelona. The real city is then somewhere else: in the news chronicles, where the journalists, who show a true curiosity towards Barcelona —finally achieve a communion between language and reality“. What in the past was the background, Barcelona, has now become the topic as epitomised by authors such as Robert Robert, —an example of a moral writer,“ for Enric Cassany. 20.01.05 CaixaForum presents the most recent trends in literary criticism and theory The reflection on literary creation made by literary critics and theoreticians is no longer an activity limited to the strictly academic field. In the last fifty years, the debate has gone beyond the University and has gradually acquired greater social repercussion, to the extent that some authors, such as the late Jacques Derrida or Umberto Eco, long ago became real media stars, a social projection that until then had only been achieved by some successful novelists. This is why a Books and Reading Year which did not reserve a space for this field of literary reflection would be incomplete.