Chiltern Hundreds Area Is a Subdivision Developed Beginning in the Mid-1920S in the Southeast Corner of Weston
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Inventory No: WSN.AD Historic Name: Chiltern Hundreds Common Name: Address: City/Town: Weston Village/Neighborhood: Local No: Year Constructed: Architect(s): Shurcliff, Arthur Asahel Architectural Style(s): Use(s): Residential District Architecture; Community Planning; Landscape Significance: Architecture Area(s): Designation(s): Building Materials(s): The Massachusetts Historical Commission (MHC) has converted this paper record to digital format as part of ongoing projects to scan records of the Inventory of Historic Assets of the Commonwealth and National Register of Historic Places nominations for Massachusetts. Efforts are ongoing and not all inventory or National Register records related to this resource may be available in digital format at this time. The MACRIS database and scanned files are highly dynamic; new information is added daily and both database records and related scanned files may be updated as new information is incorporated into MHC files. 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IF YOU ARE REPRESENTING A DEVELOPER AND/OR A PROPOSED PROJECT THAT WILL REQUIRE A PERMIT, LICENSE OR FUNDING FROM ANY STATE OR FEDERAL AGENCY YOU MUST SUBMIT A PROJECT NOTIFICATION FORM TO MHC FOR MHC'S REVIEW AND COMMENT. You can obtain a copy of a PNF through the MHC web site (www.sec.state.ma.us/mhc) under the subject heading "MHC Forms." Commonwealth of Massachusetts Massachusetts Historical Commission 220 Morrissey Boulevard, Boston, Massachusetts 02125 www.sec.state.ma.us/mhc This file was accessed on: Tuesday, January 9, 2018 at 3:51: PM Assessor's USGS Area Form numbers In Area FORM A - AREA Sheets Quad Letter Massachusetts Historical Commission |57,5H,64 Natick 220 Morrissey Blvd. Boston, Massachusetts 02125 Town: Weston Photograph: Place or Neighborhood: Name of Area: Chiltern Hundreds Present use: residential Construction Dates or Period: 1923-2003 Overall condition: excellent Major Intrusions & Alterations: none Acreage: 145 acres Photo Roll: Recorded by: Pamela W. Fox Organization: Photo Film No.: 24,25; 2-25 Weston Historical Commission Date: July 15, 2005 Sketch Map: (see attached sheet) ^CErVED AU3 1 2005 MASS. HIST. Com Architectural Description see continuation sheet: yes The Chiltern Hundreds Area is a subdivision developed beginning in the mid-1920s in the southeast corner of Weston. The area encompasses 104 houses on approximately 145 acres. A small section of the original subdivision is located across the town line in Wellesley and is not included in this form. Designed in the early 1920s by well-known landscape designer Arthur Shurtleff (later Shurcliff), Chiltern Hundreds is characterized by quiet curved streets laid out roughly in a fan-shape, with many roads leading toward the Wellesley Farms train station. The land slopes gently to the south and at its highest point is 300 feet above sea level. Ridgeway Road, the principal route through the subdivision, provides a convenient connection to Commonwealth Avenue, once the main automobile route into Boston. Lot sizes range from about 0.14 acre to three acres, with most less than one acre. Because of commonalities in house size, setback, massing and materials, the area has a visual unity and sense of place. Two Shingle-style nouses (153 Ridgeway Road and 64 OxBow Road) date from before the subdivision. The remainder of the houses in the Chiltern Hundreds Area were built between 1926 to 2003, with most dating before the mid-1950s. The most common house type is the Colonial Revival in all its manifestations, including Georgian, Federal, Dutch Colonial, Cape, and Garrison Colonials. Houses from the 1950s are generally Modem in style, most commonly one-story ranches with occasional split-level examples. The most common exterior materials are clapboard and wood shingles but brick, stone and stucco are also used. Some houses have been remodelled or demolished to make way for new, larger homes, but in general the area has remained largely intact. Historical Narrative see continuation sheet: yes Chiltern Hundreds was Weston's first large-scale subdivision. Charles Wells Hubbard, one of Weston's most influential and public-spirited estate owners, conceived the idea; and most of the subdivision was built on his land. To design the development, Hubbard chose Arthur Shurtleff (later Shurcliff), who was then in his forties and well established as a nationally-known landscape architect. Shurcliff s original plan shows his intention to establish a sense of community by setting aside land for recreation and schools; however, not all his ideas were implemented. Shurtleff s design for Chiltern Hundreds, with its curved streets, was influenced by the work of his first employer and mentor, Frederick Law Olmsted Sr. Bibliography and/or References see continuation sheet: no 1. Fox, Pamela W., Farm Town to Suburb: The History and Architecture of Weston, Massachusetts, 1830-1980 (Peter Randall Publisher, 2002). The Hubbard Estate chapter, p.501ff. 2. "Chiltern Hundreds," brochure dating to summer, 1926, distributed by Walter Channing, Realtor, Boston. Copy in Pam Fox files 3. Declaration of Trust, December, 1919, Middlesex County Registry of Deeds, So. District, Book 4316, Page 272 and Plan Book 279, Plan 29, December, 1919 Recommended as a National Register District: no Massachusetts Historical Commission Area AD 220 Morrisey Blvd. Boston, Massachusetts 02125 Architectural Description (continued) From the 1860s to the 1920s, most of the Chiltern Hundreds subdivision land belonged to the estate of Charles Townsend Hubbard and later his son, Charles Wells Hubbard, and was maintained as part of a large gentleman's farm. Both Hubbards subdivided off a few lots along Orchard Avenue (see Orchard Avenue Area, Form U) for relatives and friends, and in 1899, C. W. Hubbard subdivided off a lot on Ox Bow Road which he sold to S. F. Denton. Denton built a substantial shingle Colonial Revival house at 64 Ox Bow Rd (c. 1900, MHC 1076, Map #69). The house at 153 Ridgeway Rd (1881-83/1920s, MHC 1093, Map #86) also predates the subdivision but was not moved to its present location until the1920s. The central core of this shingle house was originally the maid's quarters (north wing) of the Shingle-style Hubbard mansion, Ridgehurst, at 80 Orchard Avenue (see Area Form U and MHC 378). Prominent landscape architect Arthur Shurtleff (later Shurcliff) planned the Chiltern Hundreds subdivision in the early 1920s, and sales commenced in 1925. The first Weston lots to be purchased were those closest to the Wellesley town line, within walking distance of the Wellesley Farms Station. The first houses were generally modest in size, but many were well-constructed of brick or stone, with slate roofs. Notable 1920s Colonial Revival examples include 17 Locust Road (c. 1926, MHC 1057, Map # 50), a brick comer house with slate roof and entrance entablature with fanlight and broken scroll pediment; and 23 Old Colony Road (c. 1929, MHC 1061, Map #54), a two-story brick Colonial Revival with a slate roof and central entrance portico. Clapboard and shingle Colonial Revivals, generally painted white, include 4 Chiltern Road. (c. 1926, MHC 1009, Map #3) a shingled two-story Colonial with a one-story porches at each gable end; 5 Chiltern Rd (c. 1926, MHC 1010, Map #4), a Garrison Colonial with overhang; 8 Locust Road (c. 1929, MHC 1055, Map #48); and 234 Ridgeway Road (c. 1926, MHC 1106, Map #99), a two-story center entrance Colonial Revival with semi-circular portico. The picturesque, asymmetrical Tudor style was used in the 1920s at 240 Ridgeway Road (c. 1927, MHC 1107, Map #100, Photo #1), a smalll/2 story brick and half-timbered cottage where the asphalt-shingled roof wraps around the roof edges to imitate the appearance of thatch. A tall brick chimney with three chimney pots sits atop the clipped gable roof. Other examples of 1920s brick Tudors include 53 Dean Road (c. 1928, MHC 1040, Map #33), 244 Ridgeway Road (c. 1929, MHC 1109, Map # 102) and the Marie and John Lawless Jr. House at 3 Pembroke Road (c. 1927, MHC 1082, Map # 75, Photo #2). The latter is prominently sited at the comer of Pembroke and Old Colony Roads and features a brick first floor and half-timbered second-floor cross gable. No. 11 Locust Road (c.1927, MHC 1056, Map #49) is a stucco Tudor with high pitched front- facing gable roof. No. 43 Ox Bow Road (c. 1926, MHC 1070, Map #63) is a stucco Tudor with a clipped gable roof; and the adjacent 45 Ox Bow Road (c.1926, MHC 1071, Map #64) is a brick Tudor with half-timbered sloping wings, a slate hip roof, and small pane casement windows Similar small houses were built during the early 1930s. The north side of Pembroke Road features nicely proportioned Colonial Revival houses at 29 Pembroke Road (c. 1935, MHC 1087, Map #80); 33 Pembroke Road (c. 1934, MHC 1090, Map # 83), a small brick Col. Rev. with slate roof, 12/8 windows, and a fanlight over the entrance doorway; 37 Pembroke Road (c.