DOCSLIB.ORG

Prayer Cards (216)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Prayer Cards (216) Pray for the Nations Pray for the Nations Deaf in Aruba Deaf in Antigua and Barbuda Population: 800 Population: 500 World Popl: 48,206,860 World Popl: 48,206,860 Total Countries: 216 Total Countries: 216 People Cluster: Deaf People Cluster: Deaf Main Language: Language unknown Main Language: Language unknown Main Religion: Christianity Main Religion: Christianity Status: Superficially reached Status: Superficially reached Evangelicals: Unknown % Evangelicals: Unknown % Chr Adherents: 92.9% Chr Adherents: 92.5% Scripture: Unspecified Scripture: Unspecified www.joshuaproject.net www.joshuaproject.net "Declare his glory among the nations." Psalm 96:3 "Declare his glory among the nations." Psalm 96:3 Pray for the Nations Pray for the Nations Deaf in UAE Deaf in Afghanistan Population: 20,000 Population: 398,000 World Popl: 48,206,860 World Popl: 48,206,860 Total Countries: 216 Total Countries: 216 People Cluster: Deaf People Cluster: Deaf Main Language: Language unknown Main Language: Afghan Sign Language Main Religion: Islam Main Religion: Islam Status: Minimally Reached Status: Unreached Evangelicals: Unknown % Evangelicals: Unknown % Chr Adherents: 8.55% Chr Adherents: 0.05% Scripture: Unspecified Scripture: Translation Needed www.joshuaproject.net www.joshuaproject.net "Declare his glory among the nations." Psalm 96:3 "Declare his glory among the nations." Psalm 96:3 Pray for the Nations Pray for the Nations Deaf in Algeria Deaf in Azerbaijan Population: 223,000 Population: 77,000 World Popl: 48,206,860 World Popl: 48,206,860 Total Countries: 216 Total Countries: 216 People Cluster: Deaf People Cluster: Deaf Main Language: Algerian Sign Language Main Language: Language unknown Main Religion: Islam Main Religion: Islam Status: Unreached Status: Unreached Evangelicals: Unknown % Evangelicals: Unknown % Chr Adherents: 0.28% Chr Adherents: 2.74% Scripture: Translation Needed Scripture: Unspecified www.joshuaproject.net www.joshuaproject.net Source: Anonymous "Declare his glory among the nations." Psalm 96:3 "Declare his glory among the nations." Psalm 96:3 Pray for the Nations Pray for the Nations Deaf in Albania Deaf in Armenia Population: 14,000 Population: 15,000 World Popl: 48,206,860 World Popl: 48,206,860 Total Countries: 216 Total Countries: 216 People Cluster: Deaf People Cluster: Deaf Main Language: Albanian Sign Language Main Language: Armenian Sign Language Main Religion: Islam Main Religion: Christianity Status: Minimally Reached Status: Superficially reached Evangelicals: Unknown % Evangelicals: Unknown % Chr Adherents: 30.47% Chr Adherents: 94.4% Scripture: Translation Needed Scripture: Portions www.joshuaproject.net www.joshuaproject.net "Declare his glory among the nations." Psalm 96:3 "Declare his glory among the nations." Psalm 96:3 Pray for the Nations Pray for the Nations Deaf in Andorra Deaf in Angola Population: 200 Population: 339,000 World Popl: 48,206,860 World Popl: 48,206,860 Total Countries: 216 Total Countries: 216 People Cluster: Deaf People Cluster: Deaf Main Language: Language unknown Main Language: Language unknown Main Religion: Christianity Main Religion: Christianity Status: Superficially reached Status: Superficially reached Evangelicals: Unknown % Evangelicals: Unknown % Chr Adherents: 90.8% Chr Adherents: 94.1% Scripture: Unspecified Scripture: Unspecified www.joshuaproject.net www.joshuaproject.net Source: Anonymous "Declare his glory among the nations." Psalm 96:3 "Declare his glory among the nations." Psalm 96:3 Pray for the Nations Pray for the Nations Deaf in American Samoa Deaf in Argentina Population: 300 Population: 228,000 World Popl: 48,206,860 World Popl: 48,206,860 Total Countries: 216 Total Countries: 216 People Cluster: Deaf People Cluster: Deaf Main Language: Language unknown Main Language: Argentine Sign Language Main Religion: Christianity Main Religion: Christianity Status: Superficially reached Status: Superficially reached Evangelicals: Unknown % Evangelicals: Unknown % Chr Adherents: 95.1% Chr Adherents: 89.3% Scripture: Unspecified Scripture: Translation Started www.joshuaproject.net www.joshuaproject.net Source: Anonymous "Declare his glory among the nations." Psalm 96:3 "Declare his glory among the nations." Psalm 96:3 Pray for the Nations Pray for the Nations Deaf in Australia Deaf in Austria Population: 52,000 Population: 18,000 World Popl: 48,206,860 World Popl: 48,206,860 Total Countries: 216 Total Countries: 216 People Cluster: Deaf People Cluster: Deaf Main Language: Auslan Main Language: Austrian Sign Language Main Religion: Christianity Main Religion: Christianity Status: Superficially reached Status: Superficially reached Evangelicals: Unknown % Evangelicals: Unknown % Chr Adherents: 69.5% Chr Adherents: 82.6% Scripture: Portions Scripture: Translation Needed www.joshuaproject.net www.joshuaproject.net Source: Anonymous "Declare his glory among the nations." Psalm 96:3 "Declare his glory among the nations." Psalm 96:3 Pray for the Nations Pray for the Nations Deaf in Bahrain Deaf in Barbados Population: 3,500 Population: 1,400 World Popl: 48,206,860 World Popl: 48,206,860 Total Countries: 216 Total Countries: 216 People Cluster: Deaf People Cluster: Deaf Main Language: Language unknown Main Language: American Sign Language Main Religion: Islam Main Religion: Christianity Status: Minimally Reached Status: Superficially reached Evangelicals: Unknown % Evangelicals: Unknown % Chr Adherents: 9.81% Chr Adherents: 94.9% Scripture: Unspecified Scripture: Complete Bible www.joshuaproject.net www.joshuaproject.net "Declare his glory among the nations." Psalm 96:3 "Declare his glory among the nations." Psalm 96:3 Pray for the Nations Pray for the Nations Deaf in Botswana Deaf in Bermuda Population: 18,000 Population: 300 World Popl: 48,206,860 World Popl: 48,206,860 Total Countries: 216 Total Countries: 216 People Cluster: Deaf People Cluster: Deaf Main Language: Language unknown Main Language: Language unknown Main Religion: Christianity Main Religion: Christianity Status: Superficially reached Status: Superficially reached Evangelicals: Unknown % Evangelicals: Unknown % Chr Adherents: 65.6% Chr Adherents: 90.5% Scripture: Unspecified Scripture: Unspecified www.joshuaproject.net www.joshuaproject.net "Declare his glory among the nations." Psalm 96:3 "Declare his glory among the nations." Psalm 96:3 Pray for the Nations Pray for the Nations Deaf in Belgium Deaf in Bahamas Population: 23,000 Population: 2,000 World Popl: 48,206,860 World Popl: 48,206,860 Total Countries: 216 Total Countries: 216 People Cluster: Deaf People Cluster: Deaf Main Language: French Belgian Sign Langu Main Language: Language unknown Main Religion: Christianity Main Religion: Christianity Status: Superficially reached Status: Superficially reached Evangelicals: Unknown % Evangelicals: Unknown % Chr Adherents: 62.7% Chr Adherents: 94.7% Scripture: Translation Needed Scripture: Unspecified www.joshuaproject.net www.joshuaproject.net "Declare his glory among the nations." Psalm 96:3 "Declare his glory among the nations." Psalm 96:3 Pray for the Nations Pray for the Nations Deaf in Bangladesh Deaf in Belize Population: 1,246,000 Population: 2,000 World Popl: 48,206,860 World Popl: 48,206,860 Total Countries: 216 Total Countries: 216 People Cluster: Deaf People Cluster: Deaf Main Language: West Bengal Sign Language Main Language: Language unknown Main Religion: Islam Main Religion: Christianity Status: Unreached Status: Superficially reached Evangelicals: Unknown % Evangelicals: Unknown % Chr Adherents: 0.66% Chr Adherents: 83.9% Scripture: Unspecified Scripture: Unspecified www.joshuaproject.net www.joshuaproject.net Source: Anonymous Source: Anonymous "Declare his glory among the nations." Psalm 96:3 "Declare his glory among the nations." Psalm 96:3 Pray for the Nations Pray for the Nations Deaf in Bosnia-Herzegovina Deaf in Bolivia Population: 16,000 Population: 89,000 World Popl: 48,206,860 World Popl: 48,206,860 Total Countries: 216 Total Countries: 216 People Cluster: Deaf People Cluster: Deaf Main Language: Language unknown Main Language: Bolivian Sign Language Main Religion: Islam Main Religion: Christianity Status: Minimally Reached Status: Superficially reached Evangelicals: Unknown % Evangelicals: Unknown % Chr Adherents: 40.98% Chr Adherents: 91.0% Scripture: Unspecified Scripture: Translation Started www.joshuaproject.net www.joshuaproject.net Source: Anonymous "Declare his glory among the nations." Psalm 96:3 "Declare his glory among the nations." Psalm 96:3 Pray for the Nations Pray for the Nations Deaf in Myanmar (Burma) Deaf in Benin Population: 411,000 Population: 125,000 World Popl: 48,206,860 World Popl: 48,206,860 Total Countries: 216 Total Countries: 216 People Cluster: Deaf People Cluster: Deaf Main Language: Myanmar Sign Language Main Language: American Sign Language Main Religion: Buddhism Main Religion: Christianity Status: Minimally Reached Status: Minimally Reached Evangelicals: Unknown % Evangelicals: Unknown % Chr Adherents: 8.98% Chr Adherents: 39.89% Scripture: Portions Scripture: Complete Bible www.joshuaproject.net www.joshuaproject.net Source: David Bennett "Declare his glory among the nations." Psalm 96:3 "Declare his glory among the nations." Psalm 96:3 Pray for the Nations Pray for the Nations Deaf in Belarus Deaf in Solomon Islands Population: 47,000 Population: 7,000 World Popl: 48,206,860 World Popl: 48,206,860 Total Countries: 216 Total Countries: 216 People Cluster: Deaf People Cluster: Deaf Main Language: Language unknown Main Language: Solomon Islands
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Sign Language Typology Series
    SIGN LANGUAGE TYPOLOGY SERIES The Sign Language Typology Series is dedicated to the comparative study of sign languages around the world. Individual or collective works that systematically explore typological variation across sign languages are the focus of this series, with particular emphasis on undocumented, underdescribed and endangered sign languages. The scope of the series primarily includes cross-linguistic studies of grammatical domains across a larger or smaller sample of sign languages, but also encompasses the study of individual sign languages from a typological perspective and comparison between signed and spoken languages in terms of language modality, as well as theoretical and methodological contributions to sign language typology. Interrogative and Negative Constructions in Sign Languages Edited by Ulrike Zeshan Sign Language Typology Series No. 1 / Interrogative and negative constructions in sign languages / Ulrike Zeshan (ed.) / Nijmegen: Ishara Press 2006. ISBN-10: 90-8656-001-6 ISBN-13: 978-90-8656-001-1 © Ishara Press Stichting DEF Wundtlaan 1 6525XD Nijmegen The Netherlands Fax: +31-24-3521213 email: [email protected] http://ishara.def-intl.org Cover design: Sibaji Panda Printed in the Netherlands First published 2006 Catalogue copy of this book available at Depot van Nederlandse Publicaties, Koninklijke Bibliotheek, Den Haag (www.kb.nl/depot) To the deaf pioneers in developing countries who have inspired all my work Contents Preface........................................................................................................10
    [Show full text]
  • Preview from Notesale.Co.Uk Page 3 Of
    The Sociolinguistics of Sign Languages This is an accessible introduction to the major areas of sociolinguistics as they relate to sign languages and Deaf communities. Clearly organized, it brings together a team of leading experts in sign linguistics to survey the field, and covers a wide range of topics including variation, multilingualism, bilingual- ism, language attitudes, discourse analysis, language policy and planning. The book examines how sign languages are distributed around the world; what oc- curs when they come in contact with spoken and written languages; and how signers use them in a variety of situations. Each chapter introduces the key issues in each area of inquiry and provides a comprehensive review of the literature. The book also includes suggestions for further reading and helpful exercises. Preview from Notesale.co.uk The Sociolinguistics of Sign Languages will be welcomed by students in Deaf studies, linguistics and interpreter training, as well as spoken language researchers, and researchers and teachers of sign languages. Page 3 of 279 CEIL LUCAS is Professor of Linguistics at Gallaudet University. She is the co- author of The Linguistics of ASL and of Language Contact in the American Deaf Community (both with Clayton Valli), both published in 1992. xii List of contributors FRANCES ELTON is a Lecturer in Sign Language and Deaf Studies at City University in London and teaches the only advanced British Sign Language (BSL) linguistics course for BSL tutors and Deaf Professionals in the UK. She was a Teaching Fellow at Durham University and has played a key role in the training of BSL tutors since 1987.
    [Show full text]
  • Sign Language Endangerment and Linguistic Diversity Ben Braithwaite
    RESEARCH REPORT Sign language endangerment and linguistic diversity Ben Braithwaite University of the West Indies at St. Augustine It has become increasingly clear that current threats to global linguistic diversity are not re - stricted to the loss of spoken languages. Signed languages are vulnerable to familiar patterns of language shift and the global spread of a few influential languages. But the ecologies of signed languages are also affected by genetics, social attitudes toward deafness, educational and public health policies, and a widespread modality chauvinism that views spoken languages as inherently superior or more desirable. This research report reviews what is known about sign language vi - tality and endangerment globally, and considers the responses from communities, governments, and linguists. It is striking how little attention has been paid to sign language vitality, endangerment, and re - vitalization, even as research on signed languages has occupied an increasingly prominent posi - tion in linguistic theory. It is time for linguists from a broader range of backgrounds to consider the causes, consequences, and appropriate responses to current threats to sign language diversity. In doing so, we must articulate more clearly the value of this diversity to the field of linguistics and the responsibilities the field has toward preserving it.* Keywords : language endangerment, language vitality, language documentation, signed languages 1. Introduction. Concerns about sign language endangerment are not new. Almost immediately after the invention of film, the US National Association of the Deaf began producing films to capture American Sign Language (ASL), motivated by a fear within the deaf community that their language was endangered (Schuchman 2004).
    [Show full text]
  • Peace Corps Listing for the Pclive Knowledge Sharing Platform (Digital Knowledge Hub) Showing the Resources Available at Pclive, 2017
    Description of document: Peace Corps listing for the PCLive knowledge sharing platform (digital knowledge hub) showing the resources available at PCLive, 2017 Requested date: July 2017 Release date: 21-December-2017 Posted date: 07-January-2019 Source of document: Freedom of Information Act Request FOIA Officer U.S. Peace Corps 1111 20th Street, NW Washington D.C. 20526 The governmentattic.org web site (“the site”) is noncommercial and free to the public. The site and materials made available on the site, such as this file, are for reference only. The governmentattic.org web site and its principals have made every effort to make this information as complete and as accurate as possible, however, there may be mistakes and omissions, both typographical and in content. The governmentattic.org web site and its principals shall have neither liability nor responsibility to any person or entity with respect to any loss or damage caused, or alleged to have been caused, directly or indirectly, by the information provided on the governmentattic.org web site or in this file. The public records published on the site were obtained from government agencies using proper legal channels. Each document is identified as to the source. Any concerns about the contents of the site should be directed to the agency originating the document in question. GovernmentAttic.org is not responsible for the contents of documents published on the website. Since 1961. December 21, 2017 RE: FOIA Request No. 17-0143 This is in response to your Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) request. Specifically, "I request a copy of the table of contents, listing or index for the PCLive knowledge sharing platform ( digital knowledge hub), showing the 1200+ resources available at PCLive." Attached, you have a spreadsheet (1 sheet) listing PCLive resources.
    [Show full text]
  • * Malawi, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe
    DISABILITY & SOCIAL RESPONSES IN SOME SOUTHERN AFRICAN NATIONS: Angola, Botswana, Burundi, D.R. Congo (ex Zaire), Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Tanzania, Rwanda, Zambia, Zimbabwe. A bibliography, with introduction and some historical items. M. MILES (compiler / annotator), Birmingham, UK. [email protected] Copyright 2003 M.Miles / CIRRIE All materials may be reproduced for non-commercial purposes to advance educational or scientific research. * MALAWI, TANZANIA, ZAMBIA, ZIMBABWE AALL-JILEK LM (1965) Epilepsy in the Wapogoro tribe in Tanganyika. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 41: 57-86. ACHOLA, Paul PW (1990) Implementing Educational Policies in Zambia. Discussion paper, Africa Tech. Dept. series 90. Washington DC: World Bank. ADAMOLEKUN B, MIELKE JK & BALL DE (1999) An evaluation of the impact of health and patient education on the care and compliance of patients with epilepsy in Zimbabwe. Epilepsia 40: 507-511. ADDISON, Joan (1986) A Historical Survey of Facilities for Handicapped People in Zimbabwe. Hrr: NASCOH. 36 pp. ADDISON J (1992) Education of the visually-handicapped in Zimbabwe: an overview. IJSE 7: 71-79. AGER, Alastair (1990) The importance of sustainability in the design of culturally appropriate programmes of early intervention. Intl Disab. Studies 12: 89-92. (Based in Malawi). AGER A & AGER W (1989) An investigation of the needs of mentally retarded individuals within Malawi: implications for the provision of community-based rehabilitation. Unpub. Chancellor Coll., Zomba. § AKAMANDISA F [1978] Psychological Research on Child Development in Zambia: an annotated bibliography. Lusaka: UNZA. 25 pp. ALLAIN TJ & WILSON AO (1997) Morbidity and disability in elderly Zimbabweans. Age and Ageing 26: 115-121. ALLISON, Olive (1976) Survey and analysis of patterns of stuttering among Zambian school children.
    [Show full text]
  • Deaf-Specific Jobsite Launched
    Get your daily news online for FREE Hardcopy only £5 per year Visit www.hearingtimes.co.uk email [email protected] or call 0845 2930688 HearingSummer 2014 Timeswww.hearingtimes.co.uk Deaf-specific jobsite launched Independent newspaper Hearing Times CIC has launched an accessible, interactive jobsite with the support of a Big Lottery Fund grant The new jobsite, which is now available on the Hearing Times website, will facilitate the search for jobs and include interesting roles matching the skills profiles of deaf and hard of hearing jobseekers as well as a range of jobs in the hearing industry. Another section will provide support and information, with invaluable career advice from industry professionals, which will be updated periodically. The unemployment rate in the Deaf Community lies at 13% – a staggering 9% higher than the national average of 4% About 3.5 million people of working age (16-65 years) are deaf or hard of hearing*. Of these, 160,000 are severely or profoundly deaf. According to statistics from the British Society for Mental Health and Deafness, deaf people are far more likely to be unemployed. Indeed, the unemployment rate in the Deaf Preston MP signs up to Deaf Rights Group’s concerns Community lies at 13% – a staggering 9% higher than the national average of 4%.** Preston MP Mark Hendrick has facilitated a meeting between members of the With the launch of the first jobsite of its local deaf community and leader of the Lancashire County Council, Councillor kind, Hearing Times will proactively help to Jennifer Mein, to discuss deaf rights in Lancashire tackle the high unemployment rate among Following on from a meeting with local the procurement process of deaf services people in the UK with hearing loss.
    [Show full text]
  • Activity Plan for Pilot Project on Multilingual Education
    1 Activity plan for Pilot project on multilingual education development in Ukrainian schools "Plurilingualism of preschool- and schoolchildren forming: Progressive ideas from European experience in Ukrainian context" on the basis of preschool establishments and secondary schools of Zakarpattya, Odessa and Chernivtsi regions Abstract. This paper summarizes the experience of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine and its partners (guidance by PATRIR ― Peace Action Training and Research Institute of Romania and the financial support of the Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland) had with initiating the National Pilot Project on Multilingual Education (MLE), taking place 2016-2021. It includes specific recommendations as to what could be included in the 5 year strategic plan for the Pilot project. I. BACKGROUND AND CONTEXTUALISATION OF MLE PROCESS IN UKRAINE Globalization and integration processes in Europe and worldwide actualized the problem of information exchange and mutual understanding between representatives of different peoples and cultures. At the same time they led to the need to protect linguistic and cultural heritage of different nations. These developments have introduced plurilingual communicative competence of pupils to the category of educational priorities in many world countries. Multilingual education as an educational sector that is actively developing is an effective tool to prepare the young generation for life in the new environment of international cooperation and collaboration. The multilingualism preservation and development experience of school age children is one of the main peculiarities in many countries of the European Union. The reforms, that have taken place in the education of these countries in the second 2 half of the XX – at the beginning of XXI century, significantly diversified students’ linguistic repertoire and positively influenced to their intercultural competence level.
    [Show full text]
  • Deaf Culture in Hollywood: American Sign Language on Screen
    Deaf Culture in Hollywood: American Sign Language on Screen Abbey Marra University of Rochester Department of Visual and Cultural Studies _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Prior to 1965, the elusive term, “Deaf culture” was primarily recognized within Deaf communities. The majority of the hearing world viewed deafness simply as the condition of hearing loss and wondered how a group who did not claim any particular geographical space, religion, literature, or cuisine could be called “cultural.” Carol Padden and Tom Humphries sought to define “Deaf culture” in their book, Deaf in America: Voices from a Culture (1988). They used the lowercase deaf when referring to the audiological condition of hearing loss and the capital Deaf when referring to a particular group of Deaf people who have a shared history, set of beliefs, practices, and most importantly, a common language— American Sign Language (ASL). Deaf characters have been portrayed on screen since the silent film era, but representations of them in Hollywood are routinely misguided and/or pushed to the margins. Directors regularly cast hearing actors in Deaf roles, with the assumption that a performer must only learn basic signs to properly convey the Deaf experience. This recurring practice can be seen as recently as 2017, with the casting of Julianne Moore in a prominent Deaf role in Todd Haynes’s Wonderstruck. Randa Haines’s film adaptation of the Broadway play, Children of a Lesser God (1986) achieved wide critical acclaim after featuring Deaf actor Marlee Matlin in the leading role, for which she went on to win an Academy Award. But while ASL features prominently in the film, its presence is significantly diminished by the fact that a hearing character is responsible for the telling of a Deaf protagonist’s story.
    [Show full text]
  • Sign Language and Computing in a Developing Country: a Research Roadmap for the Next Two Decades in the Philippines
    Sign Language and Computing in a Developing Country: A Research Roadmap for the Next Two Decades in the Philippines a b Liza B. Martinez and Ed Peter G. Cabalfin a Philippine Deaf Resource Center, Inc. 27 K-7 Street, West Kamias, Quezon City 1102 Philippines [email protected] b Computer Vision & Machine Intelligence Laboratory Department of Computer Science, College of Engineering University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City 1101 Philippines [email protected] Abstract. This paper presents the current situation of Filipino Sign Language in the Deaf community and milestones in sign linguistics research. It highlights key computing research, particularly in Asia as well as enumerates research attempts to date of Philippine academic institutions which have applications in sign language recognition. This paper also touches on technical considerations, economic feasibility, partnerships and other sociocultural considerations appropriate for a developing country such as the Philippines. Keywords: Filipino Sign Language, Philippines, sign language recognition, research agenda 1. Introduction 1.1.The Filipino deaf community The last Census on disability reports over 121,000 Filipinos with hearing loss (NSO 2000). The deaf community (as with the other disabled sectors) remains widely marginalized from the mainstream of society, lagging behind recognized disadvantaged groups such as peasants, urban poor, fisher folk and indigenous peoples. Despite this, the Filipino Deaf remain a vibrant and dynamic assemblage of communities throughout the archipelago bound by their visual language. This complex spatial-gestural rule-governed mode of communication endows a strong sense of collective identity. Sign language is at the core of the progressive view of deafness as a culture, and of deaf people as a linguistic minority.
    [Show full text]
  • What Sign Language Creation Teaches Us About Language Diane Brentari1∗ and Marie Coppola2,3
    Focus Article What sign language creation teaches us about language Diane Brentari1∗ and Marie Coppola2,3 How do languages emerge? What are the necessary ingredients and circumstances that permit new languages to form? Various researchers within the disciplines of primatology, anthropology, psychology, and linguistics have offered different answers to this question depending on their perspective. Language acquisition, language evolution, primate communication, and the study of spoken varieties of pidgin and creoles address these issues, but in this article we describe a relatively new and important area that contributes to our understanding of language creation and emergence. Three types of communication systems that use the hands and body to communicate will be the focus of this article: gesture, homesign systems, and sign languages. The focus of this article is to explain why mapping the path from gesture to homesign to sign language has become an important research topic for understanding language emergence, not only for the field of sign languages, but also for language in general. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. How to cite this article: WIREs Cogn Sci 2012. doi: 10.1002/wcs.1212 INTRODUCTION linguistic community, a language model, and a 21st century mind/brain that well-equip the child for this esearchers in a variety of disciplines offer task. When the very first languages were created different, mostly partial, answers to the question, R the social and physiological conditions were very ‘What are the stages of language creation?’ Language different. Spoken language pidgin varieties can also creation can refer to any number of phylogenic and shed some light on the question of language creation.
    [Show full text]
  • Page 1 E X T R a P O S I T I O N a N D P R O N O M I N a L
    EXTRAPOSITION AND PRONOMINAL AGREEMENT IN SEMITIC LANGUAGES By GEOFFREY ALLAN KHAN Submitted for the degree of PhD at the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London. ProQuest Number: 10673220 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 10673220 Published by ProQuest LLC(2017). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C ode Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 - 2 - ABSTRACT This thesis is a study of extraposition and pronominal agreement in Semitic languages. By the term 'extraposition* I understand the syntactic construction in which a noun or nominal phrase stands isolated at the front of the clause without any formal connection to the predication. The grammatical relation of the nominal is usually indicated vicariously by means of a co-referential resumptive pronoun, e.g. (Arabic) Zaydun *abu-hu tajirun "Zayd - his father is a merchant”. 'Pronominal agreement' is a construction where a noun or nominal phrase whose grammatical rela.tion is indicated by its case inflection or by an adjoining relational particle is accompanied in the same clause by a co-referential pronoun agreeing with it in number, gender, person, and grammatical relation, e.g.
    [Show full text]
  • Language Choice and Identity: an Investigation Based on the Comparison of Language Attitudes from Two Different Localities
    Available online at www.jlls.org JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE AND LINGUISTIC STUDIES ISSN: 1305-578X Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 16(2), 1032-1042; 2020 Language choice and identity: An investigation based on the comparison of language attitudes from two different localities Filiz Çetintaş Yıldırıma 1 a Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey APA Citation: Çetintaş Yıldırım, F. (2020). The Language Choice and Identity: An Investigation Based on the Comparison of Language Attitudes from Two Different Localities. Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 16(2), 1032-1042.Doi: 10.17263/jlls.759361 Submission Date:14/02/2020 Acceptance Date:18/03/2020 Abstract This current research tries to compare and contrast the language attitudes of Arabic-Turkish bilinguals from Mersin and Hatay cities located in the East Mediterranean Region of Anatolia. The quantitative results of the language attitude surveys conducted in the two cities by two different researchers (Çetintaş Yıldırım, 2019; Kocaoğlu, 2019) are compared, and qualitative conclusions which can be generalized to the population of Arabic-Turkish bilinguals are obtained. Two different but related themes (language choices and the sense of belonging to a social/cultural identity of the two participant groups) consist of the main focus. Four sets of questions for the identity theme and seven sets of questions for the language choice theme were determined from the surveys and the means of each group for every question were compared and interpreted. The comparison reveals that Arabic-Turkish bilinguals from Hatay interiorize Arabic language more than Arabic-Turkish bilinguals from Mersin. The first group is more inclined to use Arabic in their professional career and transfer it to the new generations.
    [Show full text]