Newsletter 115 – June 2021
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Rethinking Arboreal Heritage for Twenty-First-Century Aotearoa New Zealand
NATURAL MONUMENTS: RETHINKING ARBOREAL HERITAGE FOR TWENTY-FIRST-CENTURY AOTEAROA NEW ZEALAND Susette Goldsmith A thesis submitted to Victoria University of Wellington in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Victoria University of Wellington 2018 ABSTRACT The twenty-first century is imposing significant challenges on nature in general with the arrival of climate change, and on arboreal heritage in particular through pressures for building expansion. This thesis examines the notion of tree heritage in Aotearoa New Zealand at this current point in time and questions what it is, how it comes about, and what values, meanings and understandings and human and non-human forces are at its heart. While the acknowledgement of arboreal heritage can be regarded as the duty of all New Zealanders, its maintenance and protection are most often perceived to be the responsibility of local authorities and heritage practitioners. This study questions the validity of the evaluation methods currently employed in the tree heritage listing process, tree listing itself, and the efficacy of tree protection provisions. The thesis presents a multiple case study of discrete sites of arboreal heritage that are all associated with a single native tree species—karaka (Corynocarpus laevigatus). The focus of the case studies is not on the trees themselves, however, but on the ways in which the tree sites fill the heritage roles required of them entailing an examination of the complicated networks of trees, people, events, organisations, policies and politics situated within the case studies, and within arboreal heritage itself. Accordingly, the thesis adopts a critical theoretical perspective, informed by various interpretations of Actor Network Theory and Assemblage Theory, and takes a ‘counter-’approach to the authorised heritage discourse introducing a new notion of an ‘unauthorised arboreal heritage discourse’. -
The New Zealand Constitutional Review Charles Chauval
AUSTRALASIAN STUDY OF PARLIAMENT GROUP Annual Conference, Darwin 3-5 October 2012 “Constitutions – reviewed, revised and adapted” * * * * Paper by New Zealand MPs Charles Chauvel and Louise Upston “The New Zealand Constitutional Review” New Zealand is undertaking a constitutional review which stemmed from the confidence and supply agreement between the National Party and Maori Party after the November 2008 general election. A final report summarising the views of New Zealanders on constitutional issues will be submitted to the Cabinet by the end of 2013 and the Government then has six months in which to respond. A linking project is the Independent Review of MMP being undertaken by the Electoral Commission which will make its final proposals to the Minister of Justice by 31 October 2012. Background A constitution can be seen as the rules about how we live together as a country. Unlike most other countries, New Zealand does not have a law called “The Constitution.” Instead, the rules for how the country is governed are in what is often called an unwritten constitution. Most of it is in fact written down in various laws, rules, and practices - just not in a single document. Important elements of our constitution include: Laws passed by New Zealand‟s Parliament such as the Constitution Act 1986, the Electoral Act 1993 and the New Zealand Bill of Rights Act 1990 British laws adopted by New Zealand through the Imperial Laws Application Act 1988, for example the Magna Carta. ASPG: Charles Chauvel MP & Louise Upston MP Darwin, Australia: 3&5 October 2012 Page 1 The powers of our head of state, the Queen (or King) – for example the power to appoint the Governor-General, whose role is established by the Letters Patent Constituting the Office of Governor-General. -
Perhaps One Framework That Could Have Been Explored As a Possible Theme of the Book Was the Differences in Strategy Employed by Various National-Based IWW Unions
REVIEWS (BOOKS) 167 Perhaps one framework that could have been explored as a possible theme of the book was the differences in strategy employed by various national-based IWW unions. For example, a major contrast existed between the US IWW, with its ‘dual unionist’ strategy (meaning it set up a new militant industrial union in opposition to conservative, craft-based unions), and the IWW in Australasia, where, as Verity Burgmann details in her chapter about the Australian IWW, Wobblies aimed to ‘bore from within’ existing unions and union federations, such as the ‘Red Feds’ (the first Federation of Labour in Aotearoa New Zealand), and actually had some success. Further, in seeking to overcome the IWW’s marginalization by historians globally – including in this country – the book sometimes veers towards over-inflating the IWW’s influence. For example, the editors’ claim that ‘the IWW reached almost every corner of the globe’ (p.8) seems exaggerated given the IWW’s negligible presence in Africa and Asia, and its sporadic influence in Europe and South America (apart from perhaps Chile and Argentina, which are not covered in the book). Wobblies of the World is a welcome addition to studies of the IWW and syndicalism globally and in Aotearoa New Zealand. It covers a broad range of countries, uses multi-lingual sources innovatively, and attempts to overcome the academic–activist divide. Yet overall these innovations are unfortunately let down by its narrative- based chapters that overall lack in-depth critical analysis. Very good, and sometimes excellent, chapters about the French influence over the IWW, and the IWW influence in Australasia, Mexico, Sweden and South Africa (among others) sit uneasily alongside chapters which are little more than fragmentary snippets and biographical vignettes. -
2.2 the MONARCHY Republican Sentiment Among New Zealand Voters, Highlighting the Social Variables of Age, Gender, Education
2.2 THE MONARCHY Noel Cox and Raymond Miller A maturing sense of nationhood has caused some to question the continuing relevance of the monarchy in New Zealand. However, it was not until the then prime minister personally endorsed the idea of a republic in 1994 that the issue aroused any significant public interest or debate. Drawing on the campaign for a republic in Australia, Jim Bolger proposed a referendum in New Zealand and suggested that the turn of the century was an appropriate time symbolically for this country to break its remaining constitutional ties with Britain. Far from underestimating the difficulty of his task, he readily conceded that 'I have picked no sentiment in New Zealand that New Zealanders would want to declare themselves a republic'. 1 This view was reinforced by national survey and public opinion poll data, all of which showed strong public support for the monarchy. Nor has the restrained advocacy for a republic from Helen Clark, prime minister from 1999, done much to change this. Public sentiment notwithstanding, a number of commentators have speculated that a New Zealand republic is inevitable and that any move in that direction by Australia would have a dramatic influence on public opinion in New Zealand. Australia's decision in a national referendum in 1999 to retain the monarchy raises the question of what effect, if any, that decision had on opinion on this side of the Tasman. In this chapter we will discuss the nature of the monarchy in New Zealand, focusing on the changing role and influence of the Queen's representative, the governor-general, together with an examination of some of the factors that might have an influence on New Zealand becoming a republic. -
Constitutional Reform in New Zealand?: the Constitutional Arrangements Inquiry
Constitutional Reform in New Zealand?: The Constitutional Arrangements Inquiry Noel Cox Introduction In late 2004 a parliamentary select committee was established to undertake an inquiry into New Zealand’s constitutional arrangements. While this was promoted by the leader of the United Future party, the Hon Peter Dunne, it enjoyed support from the principal Government party, Labour, as well as the smaller Green and Progressive parties. It did not however enjoy bipartisan political support, being opposed by the main opposition New Zealand National party, and the New Zealand First party. Essentially there were a number of reasons for the intensity and uncompromising nature of much of this opposition. Firstly it was said that the inquiry was motivated by party political agendas, secondly that there was no groundswell of opinion in favour of change. There was also concern that the inquiry would have difficulty identifying any common ground for change, or serve a useful purpose, and that it was fatally flawed by being promoted by political parties in the face of opposition from other parties. Proponents of the inquiry, and in particular Mr Dunne, saw it as an opportunity to gain a clearer picture of the state of the New Zealand constitution, and to identify possible areas for reform. One particular reform which was personally sought by Mr Dunne was the establishment of a New Zealand republic, though his own United Future party did not favour a republic.1 Recognition that this would be an unpopular change to advocate – and fears that the inquiry could be seen as having a preconceived position, if not a deliberate agenda – led most other parties to avoid close association with the inquiry. -
The London Journal of Edward Jerningham Wakefield 1845-46
REVIEWS 203 The London Journal of Edward Jerningham Wakefield 1845-46. Edited by Joan Stevens. Alexander Turnbull Library and Victoria University of Wellington, 1972. xv, 192 pp. N.Z. price: $6.00. LIKE HIS father, Edward Gibbon Wakefield, Jerningham Wakefield had energy, ambition, the ability to mesmerise, and a fluent pen. With his father, he immersed himself in the politics of colonisation and of colonies them- selves, but to even less personal advancement. For Jerningham Wakefield managed his money, thirst and sexual energy imprudently enough to thwart his more public ambitions. He achieved little but a modest share in the life-work of another man: his father. Yet our historical sources would be the poorer without his lively Adven- ture in New Zealand, first published in 1845, soon after his return to Eng- land. That personal story is unexpectedly continued in a journal recently discovered, lodged in the Alexander Turnbull Library, and now published for the first time. The Journal, written mainly in London in 1845 and 1846, is compressed, often cryptic, and comparatively short. Its contents will re- quire few historians to revise their conclusions about either the Wakefields or the politics of colonisation. Nevertheless it contains considerable circum- stantial detail of a particular stage in the evolution of the Otago and Can- terbury schemes of settlement, and also a few interesting scraps of informa- tion about the New Zealand Company's dealings with the Whig and Tory politicians of the day. The change of government in 1846 brought hope to most protagonists of colonisation, but immediate disappointment to the Wakefields. -
EDWARD GIBBON WAKEFIELD ; the Coloni- Zation of South Australia and New Zealand
DU ' 422 W2<£ 3 1 M80., fe|^^^H| 11 Ifill H 1 ai 11 finffifflj Hi ijyj kmmil HnnffifffliMB fitMHaiiH! HI HBHi 19 Hi I Jit H Ifufn H 1$Hffli 1 tip jJBffl imnl unit I 1 l;i. I HSSH3 I I .^ *+, -_ %^ ; f f ^ >, c '% <$ Oo >-W aV </> A G°\ ,0O. ,,.^jTR BUILDERS OF GREATER BRITAIN Edited by H. F. WILSON, M.A. Barrister-at-Law Late Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge Legal Assistant at the Colonial Office DEDICATED BY SPECIAL PERMISSION TO HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN BUILDERS OF GREATER BRITAIN i. SIR WALTER RALEGH ; the British Dominion of the West. By Martin A. S. Hume. 2. SIR THOMAS MAITLAND ; the Mastery of the Mediterranean. By Walter Frewen Lord. 3. JOHN AND SEBASTIAN CABOT ; the Discovery of North America. By C. Raymond Beazley, M.A. 4. EDWARD GIBBON WAKEFIELD ; the Coloni- zation of South Australia and New Zealand. By R. Garnett, C.B., LL.D. 5. LORD CLIVE; the Foundation of British Rule in India. By Sir A. J. Arbuthnot, K.C.S.I., CLE. 6. RAJAH BROOKE ; the Englishman as Ruler of an Eastern State. By Sir Spenser St John, G.C.M.G. 7. ADMIRAL PHILLIP ; the Founding of New South Wales. By Louis Becke and Walter Jeffery. 8. SIR STAMFORD RAFFLES; England in the Fnr East. By the Editor. Builders of Greater Britain EDWARD GIBBON WAKEFIELD EDWARD GIBBON WAKEFIELD THE COLONIZATION OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND BY •^S R^GARNETT, C.B., LL.D. With Photogravure Frontispiece and Maps NEW YORK LONGMANS, GREEN & CO. -
Labourers' Letters in the New Zealand Journal, Wellington, 1840-45: Lefebvre, Bernstein and Pedagogies of Appropriation
Labourers' letters in the New Zealand Journal, Wellington, 1840-45: Lefebvre, Bernstein and pedagogies of appropriation. Sue Middleton School of Education, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand School of Education University of Waikato Private Bag 3105, Waikato Mail Centre Hamilton 3240 New Zealand. Email: [email protected] Paper presented at the British Educational Research Association Annual Conference, University of Manchester, 2-5 September 2009 Henri Lefebvre suggested that social researchers engage in „the concrete analysis of rhythms‟ in order to reveal the „pedagogy of appropriation (the appropriation of the body, as of spatial practice)‟. Lefebvre‟s spatial analysis has influenced educational researchers, while the idea of „pedagogy‟ has travelled beyond education. This interdisciplinary paper combines Lefebvre‟s analytical trilogy of perceived, conceived and lived spaces with Bernstein‟s „pedagogical device‟ in an interrogation of historical documents. It engages in a „rhythm analysis‟ of the New Zealand Company‟s „pedagogical appropriation‟ of a group of agricultural labourers into its „systematic colonisation scheme‟. The temporal-spatial rhythms of the labourers‟ lives are accessible in nine surviving letters they wrote in Wellington and sent to Surrey between 1841-1844. By revealing how their bodies were „traversed by rhythms rather as the „ether‟ is traversed by waves,‟ we understand how bodies, social space and the self are mutually constitutive and constituted. Keywords: history; Lefebvre; letters/literacy; colonisation Education‟s fragmented fields of inquiry retain some coherence in their common orientation around the „pedagogical.‟ As borders between human sciences became increasingly porous, the idea of „the pedagogical‟ flowed beyond education into disciplines such as geography. -
Official Records of Central and Local Government Agencies
Wai 2358, #A87 Wai 903, #A36 Crown Impacts on Customary Maori Authority over the Coast, Inland Waterways (other than the Whanganui River) and associated mahinga kai in the Whanganui Inquiry District Cathy Marr June 2003 Table of contents Acknowledgements .................................................................................................................... 1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 2 Figure 1: Area covered by this Report with Selected Natural Features ................................ 7 Chapter 1 Whanganui inland waterways, coast and associated mahinga kai pre 1839 .............. 8 Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 8 1.1 The Whanganui coast and inland waterways ................................................................. 8 Figure 2: Waterways and Coast: Whanganui Coastal District ............................................. 9 1.2 Traditional Maori authority over the Whanganui environment... ................................. 20 1.3 Early contact ............................................................................................................. 31 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................ 37 Chapter 2 The impact of the Whanganui purchase 1839-1860s ............................................... 39 -
The Canterbury Association
The Canterbury Association (1848-1852): A Study of Its Members’ Connections By the Reverend Michael Blain Note: This is a revised edition prepared during 2019, of material included in the book published in 2000 by the archives committee of the Anglican diocese of Christchurch to mark the 150th anniversary of the Canterbury settlement. In 1850 the first Canterbury Association ships sailed into the new settlement of Lyttelton, New Zealand. From that fulcrum year I have examined the lives of the eighty-four members of the Canterbury Association. Backwards into their origins, and forwards in their subsequent careers. I looked for connections. The story of the Association’s plans and the settlement of colonial Canterbury has been told often enough. (For instance, see A History of Canterbury volume 1, pp135-233, edited James Hight and CR Straubel.) Names and titles of many of these men still feature in the Canterbury landscape as mountains, lakes, and rivers. But who were the people? What brought these eighty-four together between the initial meeting on 27 March 1848 and the close of their operations in September 1852? What were the connections between them? In November 1847 Edward Gibbon Wakefield had convinced an idealistic young Irishman John Robert Godley that in partnership they could put together the best of all emigration plans. Wakefield’s experience, and Godley’s contacts brought together an association to promote a special colony in New Zealand, an English society free of industrial slums and revolutionary spirit, an ideal English society sustained by an ideal church of England. Each member of these eighty-four members has his biographical entry. -
An Evaluation of the Prospect of Republicanism in New Zealand Written by Leonardo S
An Evaluation of the Prospect of Republicanism in New Zealand Written by Leonardo S. Milani This PDF is auto-generated for reference only. As such, it may contain some conversion errors and/or missing information. For all formal use please refer to the official version on the website, as linked below. An Evaluation of the Prospect of Republicanism in New Zealand https://www.e-ir.info/2011/07/07/an-evaluation-of-the-prospect-of-republicanism-in-new-zealand/ LEONARDO S. MILANI, JUL 7 2011 Throughout modern history, the concept of monarchy along with its structural institutions of power, have been recurrently challenged by their theoretical antithesis, republicanism, as an anti-monarchical governance model that craves the reshaping and redefinition of the configuration of power in sovereign-based systems primarily by removing the unelected sovereign from the political system’s pyramid of power. From a structuralist perspective, one can argue that depending on the environment of political regimes in which republican aspirations are operating, the nature of such challenges materialize either as revolutionary (e.g. American Revolution, English Civil War, French Grand Revolution, Iranian Revolution) or as transitional (e.g. Persian Constitutional Movement of 1906, Australian Republican Movement). By placing the two categories in the context of late 20th and early 21th centuries’ waves of democratization and globalization, republicanism, within stable parliamentary democracies with a monarch as a head of state, falls into the second category. In this context, the political environment of New Zealand as a member of the British Commonwealth, an entity operating under the Westminster system with Queen Elizabeth II as the head of state, is a unique laboratory to observe republican dynamics and the direction of political change, whether to retain the status quo or, to what determinist republicans audaciously claim, to be the ‘inevitable’ establishment of a republic through a mechanical, irreversible transition. -
James Macandrew of Otago Slippery Jim Or a Leader Staunch and True?
JAMES MACANDREW OF OTAGO SLIPPERY JIM OR A LEADER STAUNCH AND TRUE? BY RODERICK JOHN BUNCE A thesis submitted to Victoria University of Wellington in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Victoria University of Wellington 2013 iii ABSTRACT James Macandrew, a Scotsman who migrated to Dunedin in 1851, was variously a businessman, twice Superintendent of Otago Province, an imprisoned bankrupt and a Minister of the Crown. He was an active participant in provincial and colonial politics for 36 years and was associated with most of the major political events in New Zealand during that time. Macandrew was a passionate and persuasive advocate for the speedy development of New Zealand’s infrastructure to stimulate the expansion of settlement. He initiated a steamer service between New Zealand and Australia in 1858 but was bankrupt by 1860. While Superintendent of Otago in 1860 and 1867–76 he was able to advance major harbour, transport and educational projects. As Minister of Public Works in George Grey’s Ministry from 1878–79 he promoted an extensive expansion of the country’s railway system. In Parliament, he was a staunch advocate of easier access to land for all settlers, and a promoter of liberal social legislation which was enacted a decade later by the Seddon Government. His life was interwoven with three influential settlers, Edward Gibbon Wakefield, Julius Vogel and George Grey, who variously dominated the political landscape. Macandrew has been portrayed as an opportunist who exploited these relationships, but this study will demonstrate that while he often served these men as a subordinate, as a mentor he influenced their political beliefs and behaviour.