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(18-5017) Page: 1/50 WT/TPR/M/370 WT/TPR/M/371 8 August 2018 (18-5017) Page: 1/50 Trade Policy Review Body 29 and 31 May 2018 TRADE POLICY REVIEW GUINEA AND MAURITANIA MINUTES OF THE MEETING Chairperson: H.E. Mr Eloi Laourou (Benin) CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTORY REMARKS BY THE CHAIRPERSON ....................................................... 2 2 OPENING STATEMENT BY THE REPRESENTATIVES OF MAURITANIA AND GUINEA ............................................................................................................................ 3 3 STATEMENT BY THE DISCUSSANT ................................................................................ 7 4 STATEMENTS BY MEMBERS ........................................................................................ 12 5 REPLIES BY THE REPRESENTATIVES OF MAURITANIA AND GUINEA AND ADDITIONAL COMMENTS ............................................................................................... 40 6 CONCLUDING REMARKS BY THE CHAIRPERSON ......................................................... 49 Note: Advance written questions and additional questions by WTO Members, and the replies provided by Guinea and Mauritania are reproduced in document WT/TPR/M/370/Add.1 and WT/TPR/M/371/Add.1 and will be available online at http://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/tpr_e/tp_rep_e.htm. WT/TPR/M/370 • Guinea WT/TPR/M/371 • Mauritania - 2 - 1 INTRODUCTORY REMARKS BY THE CHAIRPERSON 1.1. This second joint trade policy review of Guinea and Mauritania, the fourth for Guinea and the third for Mauritania, took place on 29 and 31 May 2018. The Chairperson, H.E. Mr Eloi Laourou (Benin), welcomed the delegation of Mauritania, headed by H.E. Ms Naha Mint Hamdi Ould Mouknass, Minister of Trade, Industry and Tourism; the delegation of Guinea, led by Ms Fanta Cissé, Secretary General, Ministry of Trade; the other members of the delegations from Nouakchott and Conakry, together with their colleagues in the two missions in Geneva; and the Discussant, Mr Alberto Sanz Serrano (Spain). 1.2. The Chairperson recalled the purpose of trade policy reviews and the main procedural aspects of the meeting. The reports by Guinea and Mauritania were contained in documents WT/TPR/G/370 and WT/TPR/G/371 and those of the WTO Secretariat in documents WT/TPR/S/370 and WT/TPR/S/371. 1.3. Questions from the following delegations had been submitted in writing ahead of the deadline: Argentina; Brazil; Canada; China; European Union; Japan; and United States. The delegations of the Republic of Korea and Thailand had submitted written questions after the deadline. 1.4. The reports drawn up for this joint review described the reforms that had helped to improve the economic situation in both Guinea and Mauritania since 2011. The reforms included restructuring of the two countries' exchange rate regimes; tightening of their monetary policies; significant fiscal consolidation; improvement of communication and transport infrastructure; and efforts to enhance their respective business environments. On the other hand, most of the concerns expressed by Members at the time of the two countries' previous joint review still stood: they related in particular to trade facilitation, exceeding of WTO tariff bindings, notification gaps, and weak sectoral policies with regard to transparency, sustainability and poverty reduction. 1.5. Partly owing to sharp inequalities in the distribution of national wealth, poverty levels remained high in the two countries, both of which continued to rely essentially on the mining sector providing the largest share of export earnings. 1.6. Customs reform was still tentative in Guinea and Mauritania, neither of which had as yet ratified the Trade Facilitation Agreement. Certain tariff bindings were still being exceeded in both countries. In their written questions, several WTO Members wished to know what Mauritania's intentions were in regard to participation in ECOWAS, some of whose CET rates were appreciably higher than the rates currently applied by Mauritania to a number of food products. Neither country had as yet caught up with the delays in submitting notifications to the WTO. 1.7. At sectoral level, the prospects offered by new sources of energy were promising in terms of facilitating industrial development. Members were keen to know how future regional electricity trade would be regulated. As regards fisheries, a sector of importance to both economies, Members were interested to know what measures the two countries intended to take in order to combat overfishing of several fish species and to promote investment in sustainable fishing. 1.8. The Chairperson was convinced that the current review would provide an opportunity for Members to discuss all these issues, as well as other topics of interest to them in the trade regimes of Guinea and Mauritania. WT/TPR/M/370 • Guinea WT/TPR/M/371 • Mauritania - 3 - 2 OPENING STATEMENT BY THE REPRESENTATIVES OF MAURITANIA (H.E. MRS NAHA MINT HAMDI OULD MOUKNASS) AND GUINEA (MRS FANTA CISSÉ) H.E. MS NAHA MINT HAMDI OULD MOUKNASS (MAURITANIA) 2.1. First of all, I would like to thank you, Mr Chairperson, for the warm welcome extended to me and the delegation accompanying me. 2.2. My thanks also go to the Discussant and to WTO Members for their interest in this review of my country's trade policies. 2.3. Moreover, I wish to express my appreciation to the WTO Secretariat's Trade Policies Review Division for its dynamic and constructive spirit during the preparation of the report. 2.4. The members of the Mauritanian delegation and I are pleased to be with you today as we undertake the third review of Mauritania's trade policy. 2.5. Competition in international trade does not preclude solidarity between Members of our Organization. Mechanisms such as special and differential treatment for developing and least developed countries, Aid for Trade and trade-related technical assistance bear powerful witness to global economic solidarity, thus providing evidence of international trade with a human face. 2.6. Speaking on behalf of the Islamic Republic of Mauritania, I would like to express my country's deep gratitude to all WTO Members, with particular thanks to those governments that demonstrated their interest in Mauritania's trade policy review by submitting advance questions relating to specific aspects of our economic and trade policies. 2.7. Lastly, special thanks are due to all those taking part in this meeting. 2.8. As the previous Director-General of the WTO, Mr Pascal Lamy, more or less predicted back in 2013 "Africa has changed from the land of pessimism to the land of opportunity".1 The opportunities that the African States are seeking to harness indeed concern trade benefits but presuppose the lifting of a number of constraints. 2.9. Since the previous review of its trade policies held in 2011 on these very premises, Mauritania has been active in reducing a number of constraints on the implementation of the general rules and principles of the WTO. 2.10. This is a most opportune moment for us to present to Members and our economic partners Mauritania's recent performance in enhancing political, legal and economic conditions conducive to investment and multilateral trade relations. 2.11. This morning's session is an excellent opportunity to apprise all our trading partners of the details of our country's progress in a number of areas with a view to aligning our domestic environment with the WTO's requirements. 2.12. Mauritania reiterates its attachment to the multilateral trading system and to the latter's fundamental principles, which are a point of reference in our trade policies. 2.13. The Director-General recently reminded us that "the WTO has a strong track record in helping the most vulnerable develop the tools and skills to trade. And that is what we must continue doing".2 1 World Trade Organization, WTO News: Speeches – DG Pascal Lamy, speech delivered at the University of Nairobi on 22 May 2013. Available at: https://www.wto.org/english/news_e/sppl_e/sppl283_e.htm. 2 World Trade Organization, WTO News: Speeches – DG Roberto Azevêdo. Available at: https://www.wto.org/english/news_e/spra_e/spra146_e.htm. WT/TPR/M/370 • Guinea WT/TPR/M/371 • Mauritania - 4 - 2.14. At the 100th Session of the Committee on Trade and Development, you yourself, Mr Chairperson, reiterated that the least developed countries would require support in their efforts to integrate into international trade and combat poverty.3 2.15. The Mauritanian Government thus takes this opportunity to pay special tribute to our Organization and to all the technical and financial partners for their assistance in the context of Aid for Trade. 2.16. In conclusion, I would stress that all the economic reforms implemented by Mauritania are part of an ongoing process of adaptation to the changes and demands of the international environment. 2.17. I also wish to reaffirm my country's determination to join efforts with other WTO Members in order to ensure that the multilateral trading system evolves in a stable, predictable and equitable manner beneficial to all. 2.18. I would remind you that we have received questions from a number of fellow countries. These have been dealt with and forwarded promptly, except for those from the United States, to which we sincerely apologize for failing to reply in a timely fashion; this is because the questions need to be addressed in the most correct and realistic way. Our responses to the United States' questions will be sent to the Secretariat within a week at the latest. MS FANTA CISSÉ (GUINEA) 2.19. I
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