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Fighting for France's Political Future in the Long Wake of the Commune, 1871-1880
University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations 2013 Long Live the Revolutions: Fighting for France's Political Future in the Long Wake of the Commune, 1871-1880 Heather Marlene Bennett University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations Part of the European History Commons Recommended Citation Bennett, Heather Marlene, "Long Live the Revolutions: Fighting for France's Political Future in the Long Wake of the Commune, 1871-1880" (2013). Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations. 734. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/734 This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/734 For more information, please contact [email protected]. Long Live the Revolutions: Fighting for France's Political Future in the Long Wake of the Commune, 1871-1880 Abstract The traumatic legacies of the Paris Commune and its harsh suppression in 1871 had a significant impact on the identities and voter outreach efforts of each of the chief political blocs of the 1870s. The political and cultural developments of this phenomenal decade, which is frequently mislabeled as calm and stable, established the Republic's longevity and set its character. Yet the Commune's legacies have never been comprehensively examined in a way that synthesizes their political and cultural effects. This dissertation offers a compelling perspective of the 1870s through qualitative and quantitative analyses of the influence of these legacies, using sources as diverse as parliamentary debates, visual media, and scribbled sedition on city walls, to explicate the decade's most important political and cultural moments, their origins, and their impact. -
British Persian Studies and the Celebrations of the 2500Th Anniversary of the Founding of the Persian Empire in 1971
British Persian Studies and the Celebrations of the 2500th Anniversary of the Founding of the Persian Empire in 1971 A thesis submitted to The University of Manchester for the degree of Master of Philosophy in the Faculty of Humanities. 2014 Robert Steele School of Arts, Languages and Cultures Contents Abstract ........................................................................................................................................................................ 4 Declaration .................................................................................................................................................................. 5 Copyright Statement ................................................................................................................................................ 5 Acknowledgements .................................................................................................................................................. 6 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................................................... 7 Objectives and Structure ............................................................................................................................................. 8 Literature Review .......................................................................................................................................................... 9 Statement on Primary Sources............................................................................................................................... -
Lives in Astronomy
LIVES IN ASTRONOMY John Scales Avery January 2, 2020 2 Contents 1 EARLY HISTORY OF ASTRONOMY 7 1.1 Prehistoric Europe . .7 1.2 Ancient India and China . 12 1.3 Mesopotamia, 4000 BC . 12 1.4 Ancient Egypt . 15 1.5 Eratosthenes . 19 1.6 Aristarchus . 19 2 COPERNICUS, BRAHE, KEPLER AND GALILEO 25 2.1 Copernicus . 25 2.2 Tycho Brahe . 27 2.3 Johannes Kepler . 31 2.4 Galileo . 35 3 NEWTON 47 3.1 Newton . 47 3.2 Lagrange and Laplace . 56 3.3 Hamilton . 60 4 HUYGENS, RØMER AND MAXWELL 63 4.1 Christiaan Huygens: The wave theory of light . 63 4.2 Ole Rømer: The velocity of light . 67 4.3 James Clerk Maxwell: Light as electromagnetic waves . 70 5 EINSTEIN 75 5.1 Family background . 75 5.2 Special relativity theory . 80 5.3 General relativity . 81 5.4 Schwartzschild's solutions: Black holes . 84 6 LEVITT AND HUBBLE 89 6.1 Henrietta Swan Leavitt . 89 6.2 Edwin Hubble . 92 3 4 CONTENTS 6.3 The Hubble Space Telescope . 97 7 RADIO ASTRONOMY 109 7.1 Early history of radio astronomy . 109 7.2 Sir Martin Ryle and Anthony Hewish . 111 7.3 Jocelyn Bell Burnell . 114 7.4 Quasars, pulsars, and neutron stars . 116 7.5 Penzias and Wilson . 119 8 CHANDRASEKHAR 125 8.1 Early life and career . 125 8.2 Magnetohydrodynamics . 126 8.3 The formation and evolution of stars . 129 8.4 Black holes: The Chandrasekhar limit . 133 8.5 Chandrasekhar's Nobel Prize in Physics . 133 9 HAWKING, PENROSE AND HIGGS 139 9.1 Penrose-Hawking singularity theorems . -
Guide Trudaine Rochechouart Dans Tous Ses Éclats
Trudaine Rochechouart dans tous ses éclats Trudaine Rochechouart dans tous ses éclats Trudaine Rochechouart dans tous ses éclats Trudaine-Rochechouart dans tous ses éclats Trudaine-Rochechouart Jeanne Caussé Christiane Delpy Marie-José Le Breton Lise Thély-Muller Guide du Conseil de quartier Trudaine Rochechouart Trudaine-Rochechouart dans tous ses éclats Réalisé par: Jeanne Caussé Christiane Delpy Marie-José Le Breton Lise Thély-Muller dans le cadre du Conseil de quartier Trudaine-Rochechouart Plan du 9e arrondissement, source Apur. La publication de ce guide culturel et histo- rique est une initiative inhabituelle de la part des animateurs d’un Conseil de quartier. Pourtant, elle témoigne de ce qui fait le cœur de la vitalité démocratique du 9e arrondis- sement: le désir de vivre ensemble,le plaisir de connaître et de se connaître, la volonté de transmettre le respect et l’amour des lieux que nous habitons. Car ce guide est bien un témoignage d’amour – le mot n’est pas trop fort – pour ce quartier méconnu, entre boulevard de Rochechouart, carrefour Barbès et faubourg Poissonnière. Énorme travail de documentation et d’écri- ture, il témoigne du plaisir qu’ont leurs auteures à y vivre, et de la générosité qui leur fait partager ce plaisir. Mine d’anecdotes et de citations, ce guide se veut une véritable encyclopédie vivante de ce territoire d’un quart de kilomètre carré. Vivante,car ce livre n’est pas,ou pas seulement,l’œuvre d’amoureuses du patrimoine.Il n’y a nulle nostalgie dans ce travail,plutôt le souci de rendre vivante l’histoire d’un faubourg de Paris encore en train de s’écrire. -
Lives in Engineering
LIVES IN ENGINEERING John Scales Avery January 19, 2020 2 Contents 1 ENGINEERING IN THE ANCIENT WORLD 9 1.1 Megalithic structures in prehistoric Europe . .9 1.2 Imhotep and the pyramid builders . 15 1.3 The great wall of China . 21 1.4 The Americas . 25 1.5 Angkor Wat . 31 1.6 Roman engineering . 38 2 LEONARDO AS AN ENGINEER 41 2.1 The life of Leonardo da Vinci . 41 2.2 Some of Leonardo's engineering drawings . 49 3 THE INVENTION OF PRINTING 67 3.1 China . 67 3.2 Islamic civilization and printing . 69 3.3 Gutenberg . 74 3.4 The Enlightenment . 77 3.5 Universal education . 89 4 THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION 93 4.1 Development of the steam engine . 93 4.2 Working conditions . 99 4.3 The slow acceptance of birth control in England . 102 4.4 The Industrial Revolution . 106 4.5 Technical change . 107 4.6 The Lunar Society . 111 4.7 Adam Smith . 113 4.8 Colonialism . 119 4.9 Trade Unions and minimum wage laws . 120 4.10 Rising standards of living . 125 4.11 Robber barons and philanthropists . 128 3 4 CONTENTS 5 CANALS, RAILROADS, BRIDGES AND TUNNELS 139 5.1 Canals . 139 5.2 Isambard Kingdon Brunel . 146 5.3 Some famous bridges . 150 5.4 The US Transcontinental Railway . 156 5.5 The Trans-Siberian railway . 158 5.6 The Channel Tunnel . 162 6 TELEGRAPH, RADIO AND TELEPHONE 171 6.1 A revolution in communication . 171 6.2 Ørsted, Amp`ereand Faraday . 174 6.3 Electromagnetic waves: Maxwell and Hertz . -
Bibliothèque Dtun Amateur Livres Et Documents Sur
_19_03_14 SIÈCLE E AU XX E VI IVRES ET DOCUMENTS SUR PARIS - DU X L Pierre Bergé & associés LIOTHÈQUE D’UN AMATEUR - B Société de Ventes Volontaires_agrément n°2002-128 du 04.04.02 BI Paris 92 avenue d’Iéna 75116 Paris T. +33 (0)1 49 49 90 00 F. +33 (0)1 49 49 90 01 BIBLIOTHÈQUE D’UN AMATEUR Bruxelles Avenue Louise 479 Bruxelles 1050 / Louizalaan 479 Brussel 1050 LIVRES ET DOCUMENTS SUR PARIS T. +32 (0)2 504 80 30 F. +32 (0)2 513 21 65 DU XVIE AU XXE SIÈCLE www.pba-auctions.com PARIS - MERCREDI 19 MARS 2014 VENTE AUX ENCHÈRES PUBLIQUES PARIS Pierre Bergé & associés BIBLIOTHÈQUE D'UN AMATEUR LIVRES ET DOCUMENTS SUR PARIS DU XVIE AU XXE SIÈCLE DATE DE LA VENTE / DATE OF THE AUCTION Mercredi 19 mars 2014 - 14 heures March, Wednesday 19th 2014 - 2 pm LIEU DE VENTE / LOCATION Drouot-Richelieu - Salle 7 9, rue Drouot 75009 Paris EXPOSITIONS PUBLIQUES / PUBLIC VIEWING Drouot-Richelieu - Salle 7 Mardi 18 mars de 11 heures à 18 heures Mercredi 19 mars de 11 heures à 12 heures Tuesday March 18th, from 11:00 am to 6:00 pm Wednesday March 19th, from 11:00 am to 12:00 am TÉLÉPHONE PENDANT L'EXPOSITION PUBLIQUE ET LA VENTE T. +33 (0)1 48 00 20 07 CONTACTS POUR LA VENTE Eric Masquelier T. + 33 (0)1 49 49 90 31 - [email protected] Sophie Duvillier T. + 33 (0)1 49 49 90 10 - [email protected] EXPERTS POUR LA VENTE Bégonia Le Bail - du n° 1 au n° 71 13 rue Frédéric Sauton, 75005 Paris T. -
Lives in Astronomy
LIVES IN ASTRONOMY John Scales Avery January 2, 2020 2 Contents 1 EARLY HISTORY OF ASTRONOMY 7 1.1 Prehistoric Europe . .7 1.2 Ancient India and China . 12 1.3 Mesopotamia, 4000 BC . 12 1.4 Ancient Egypt . 15 1.5 Eratosthenes . 19 1.6 Aristarchus . 19 2 COPERNICUS, BRAHE, KEPLER AND GALILEO 25 2.1 Copernicus . 25 2.2 Tycho Brahe . 27 2.3 Johannes Kepler . 31 2.4 Galileo . 35 3 NEWTON 47 3.1 Newton . 47 3.2 Lagrange and Laplace . 56 3.3 Hamilton . 60 4 HUYGENS, RØMER AND MAXWELL 63 4.1 Christiaan Huygens: The wave theory of light . 63 4.2 Ole Rømer: The velocity of light . 67 4.3 James Clerk Maxwell: Light as electromagnetic waves . 70 5 EINSTEIN 75 5.1 Family background . 75 5.2 Special relativity theory . 80 5.3 General relativity . 81 5.4 Schwartzschild's solutions: Black holes . 84 6 LEVITT AND HUBBLE 89 6.1 Henrietta Swan Leavitt . 89 6.2 Edwin Hubble . 92 3 4 CONTENTS 6.3 The Hubble Space Telescope . 97 7 RADIO ASTRONOMY 109 7.1 Early history of radio astronomy . 109 7.2 Sir Martin Ryle and Anthony Hewish . 111 7.3 Jocelyn Bell Burnell . 114 7.4 Quasars, pulsars, and neutron stars . 116 7.5 Penzias and Wilson . 119 8 CHANDRASEKHAR 125 8.1 Early life and career . 125 8.2 Magnetohydrodynamics . 126 8.3 The formation and evolution of stars . 129 8.4 Black holes: The Chandrasekhar limit . 133 8.5 Chandrasekhar's Nobel Prize in Physics . 133 9 HAWKING, PENROSE AND HIGGS 139 9.1 Penrose-Hawking singularity theorems . -
Lives in Exploration
LIVES IN EXPLORATION John Scales Avery July 31, 2020 INTRODUCTION1 Epic journeys of humankind This book traces the history of how humans explored and settled in the entire earth, and in our own times even reached out farther, exploring the outermost parts of the solar system. Out of Africa Human history began in Africa. One of the first of our remote ancestors to leave the continent was Pithocanthropos Erectus, a species whose remains were were discovered in Java by Eug`eneDubous in 1894. Remains of mem- bers of the species Homo Erectus were discovered in China and these early hominids, known as “Peking Man”, were also among the first to leave Africa. Neanderthals left Africa before modern humans. Their presence outside Africa may have frustrated the first attempts of modern humans to explore and populate the regions outside Africa. Homo sapiens neanderthalensis lived side by side with Homo sapiens sapiens (modern man) in Europe, for a hundred thousand years. In relatively recent times, only 30,000 years ago, the Neanderthals disappeared. However, modern humans outside Africa inter- mixed with Neanderthals, and carry a significant amount of the Neanderthal genome. About 70,000 years before the present, a small band of modern humans left Africa and succeeded in exploring and populating the world outside. Humans reach Australia Early humans reached Australia about 50,000 years ago, after intermixing with the Denisovans (the eastern cousins of the Neanderthals). At that time, much water was locked in the ice of a glacial period, and the ocean level was much lower than it is today. -
Chroniques De L'éphémère
Chroniques de l’éphémère Le livre de fête dans la collection Jacques Doucet Dominique Morelon (dir.) DOI : 10.4000/books.inha.2798 Éditeur : Publications de l’Institut national d’histoire de l’art Lieu d'édition : Paris Année d'édition : 2010 Date de mise en ligne : 5 décembre 2017 Collection : Catalogues d’exposition ISBN électronique : 9782917902738 http://books.openedition.org Édition imprimée Date de publication : 1 septembre 2010 Nombre de pages : 84 Référence électronique MORELON, Dominique (dir.). Chroniques de l’éphémère : Le livre de fête dans la collection Jacques Doucet. Nouvelle édition [en ligne]. Paris : Publications de l’Institut national d’histoire de l’art, 2010 (généré le 18 décembre 2020). Disponible sur Internet : <http://books.openedition.org/inha/2798>. ISBN : 9782917902738. DOI : https://doi.org/10.4000/books.inha.2798. Ce document a été généré automatiquement le 18 décembre 2020. © Publications de l’Institut national d’histoire de l’art, 2010 Conditions d’utilisation : http://www.openedition.org/6540 1 Les livres de fête sont parmi les plus spectaculaires des nombreux documents rassemblés par Jacques Doucet pour sa bibliothèque d’Art et d’Archéologie, rattachée depuis 2003 à l’Institut national d’histoire de l’art. Comme les fêtes destinées à solenniser chaque acte de la vie publique des souverains, ces livres étaient le produit de la contribution de tous les grands artistes du temps. Baptêmes, mariages, funérailles, couronnements, victoires ou entrées solennelles dans les « bonnes » villes du royaume donnaient lieu à des déploiements de fastes dont les livres se veulent les traces tout aussi fastueuses. L’exposition sur les livres de fête du XVIIe au XVIIIe siècle organisée à l’INHA (galerie Colbert à Paris IIe, du 15 septembre au 15 décembre 2010) présente des livres de cette période illustrant des fêtes versaillaises et parisiennes. -
A History of the Earth
A HISTORY OF THE EARTH John Scales Avery November 6, 2020 Introduction1 The place of humans in nature In this book, I have tried to sketch human history, from earliest times un- til the present, against a cosmic backdrop. According to modern cosmol- ogy, the universe is almost unimaginably vast. It is estimated that there are 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 stars in the observable universe. Of these, many stars have planets on which life is likely to have developed. Thus our earth and its life forms are by no means unique. We cannot claim to be “the center of the universe” with any unique justifi- cation. However, the earth is our home. It is important to us. As parents, we wish for and work for the survival of our children and grandchildren, and for all future generations of humans. We must also recognize our responsibility as custodians of the natural world. We have a duty to protect both human civilization and the biosphere. We must work with dedication to guard and protect the future of our precious and beautiful earthly home. Cultural evolution When humans first appeared on earth, they were not very numerous, and not conspicuously different from other animals. Then suddenly, in a brief space of geological time, they exploded in numbers, populating all parts of the world, and even setting foot on the moon. This explosive growth was driven by what might be called an “information explosion”. All animals and plants pass on information from one generation to the next in the form of DNA, the information-bearing genetic material. -
Lives in Exploration
LIVES IN EXPLORATION John Scales Avery July 31, 2020 INTRODUCTION1 Epic journeys of humankind This book traces the history of how humans explored and settled in the entire earth, and in our own times even reached out farther, exploring the outermost parts of the solar system. Out of Africa Human history began in Africa. One of the first of our remote ancestors to leave the continent was Pithocanthropos Erectus, a species whose remains were were discovered in Java by Eug`eneDubous in 1894. Remains of mem- bers of the species Homo Erectus were discovered in China and these early hominids, known as “Peking Man”, were also among the first to leave Africa. Neanderthals left Africa before modern humans. Their presence outside Africa may have frustrated the first attempts of modern humans to explore and populate the regions outside Africa. Homo sapiens neanderthalensis lived side by side with Homo sapiens sapiens (modern man) in Europe, for a hundred thousand years. In relatively recent times, only 30,000 years ago, the Neanderthals disappeared. However, modern humans outside Africa inter- mixed with Neanderthals, and carry a significant amount of the Neanderthal genome. About 70,000 years before the present, a small band of modern humans left Africa and succeeded in exploring and populating the world outside. Humans reach Australia Early humans reached Australia about 50,000 years ago, after intermixing with the Denisovans (the eastern cousins of the Neanderthals). At that time, much water was locked in the ice of a glacial period, and the ocean level was much lower than it is today. -
Legacy Image
N. A. Rynin INTERPLANETA Y FLIGHT AND COMMUNICATION hlume ll , No.4 Rockets TRANSLATED FROM RUSSIAN Published for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Science Foundation, Washington, D.C. by the Israel Program for Scientific Translations N.A. Rynin INTERPLANETARY FLIGHT AND COMMUNICATION ,- (Mezhplanetnye soobshcheniya) Volume 11, No. 4 Rockets (Rakety) Leningrad 1929 Translated from Russian Israel Program for Scientific Translations Jerusalem 1971 TT 70-50114 NASA TT F-643 Published Pursuant to an Agreement with THE NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION and THE NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION, WASHINGTON, D. C. Copyright 0 1971 Israel Program for Scientific Translations Ltd. IPST Cat. No. 5815 Translated by T. Pelz, M. Sc. Printed in Jerusalem by Keter Press Available from the U. S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Technical Information Service Springfield, Va. 22 151 VIII /16 Table of Contents Page Author's Foreword ............................. v Introduction ................................ 1 Chapter I . The Principle of Reaction ................... I1. The History of Rocket Development .............. I11. The History of the Development of Direct -Reaction Engines ............................ IV . Elements of the Theory of Reaction Engines .......... V . D.P.Ryabushinskiils Work .................... VI . Large .Bore Guns on 'Airships . The Work of Giovanni Penna ........................ VII. The Rocket Missile of Antonio de Stefano ........... VIII . The Rocket in Interplanetary Space .............. Conclusion ................................. AUTHOR'S FOREWORD The present book is one of the separate sections of a comprehensive work planned by the author, whose title is "Interplanetary Flight and Communication. " KC The first two sections, "Dreams, Legends and Early ~antasies"and "Spacecraft in Science ~iction"have already been published. The third section, "Radiant Energy, Science Fiction and Scientific projects," is .