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Drag and Type Virtual Keyboard for Small Touch Screens Over ARM9 Processor 1 2 RAAPARTI V V SRINIVAS , G ISSN 2319-8885 Vol.04,Issue.48, November-2015, Pages:10449-10451 www.ijsetr.com Drag and Type Virtual Keyboard for Small Touch Screens over ARM9 Processor 1 2 RAAPARTI V V SRINIVAS , G. A. ARUN KUMAR 1PG Scholar, Dept of ECE, Aditya College of Engineering & Technology, Kakinada, AP, India,E-mail: [email protected]. 2Asst Prof, Dept of ECE, Aditya College of Engineering & Technology, Kakinada, AP, India, E-mail: [email protected]. Abstract: Small touch screens are widely used in consumer electronics, such as Smart phones and mobile electronic devices. However, typing on the small touch screen[4] is still worth studying. In fact, Smartphone [9]users are experiencing difficulties and also many errors in typing alphanumeric keys with their thumbs because a small virtual keyboard[1],[6]even with the reduced set of touchable keys can only provide tiny size keys to the users. This paper studies a new style of typing method called Drag- and-Type[3], which leverages the dragging action instead of direct tapping on the touch screen to ease more accurate typing on the small virtual keyboard[1],[6]. Although the typing speed is controversial, the consumers can choose this method when an accurate typing is more required, for example, for a password entry that is quite more sensitive to erroneous key inputs. In that sense, the proposed method is further explored to the extension called Secure Drag-and-Type[3] for securing the password entry against shoulder-surfing and spyware attacks under the Drag and- Type paradigm. In the user study, it was found that the proposed method could be used for secure and accurate password entry and SMS delivery on the small touch screen [4]regarding the security sensitive consumer electronics applications. Keywords: Arm9, Touch Screen, GSM. I. INTRODUCTION UART port of the processor for text messaging purpose to A Touch screen is an input device normally layered on the user mobiles as shown in Fig.1. the top of an electronic visual display of an information processing system. Touch screen technology is the direct manipulation type gesture based technology. A device which works on touch screen technology is called as Touch screen. A user can give input or control the information processing system through simple or multi-touch gestures by touching the screen with a special stylus/pen and-or one or more fingers. The user can use the touch screen to react to what is displayed and to control how it is displayed (for example by zooming the text size). The touch screen enables the user to interact directly with what is displayed, rather than using a mouse, touchpad, or any other Fig.1. Block diagram of the project. intermediate device (other than a stylus, which is optional for most modern touch screens). A touch screen is an III. HARDWARE electronic visual display capable of „detecting‟ and A. FRIENDLY ARM MINI 2440 effectively „locating‟ a touch over its display area. It is The mini2440 is a practical low cost ARM9 Single sensitive to the touch of a human finger, hand, pointed Board Computer (SBC) with a very high performance/cost finger nail and passive objects like stylus. Because of touch ratio. With the Samsung S3C2440 microprocessor and the screen devices virtual keyboards are used instead of use of professional layout and quality peripheral chips, it is traditional physical button based keyboards. The virtual very robust. The Mini2440 uses a four layer board design keyboard[1],[6]technology uses sensor technology and with gold immersion processing, and has high quality artificial intelligence to allow users work on any flat surface equal length bus routing in timing critical areas. The as if it were a keyboard. production environment and quality control are the same as those of modern high speed mother boards. The S3C2440A II. SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE (450 MHz) offers outstanding features with its CPU core, a The system consists of a 3.5 inch touch screen display 16/32-bit ARM920T RISC processor designed by connected to the one of the advanced Processor based on Advanced RISC machine ltd. The ARM920T implements ARM 9 architecture, the GSM Modem is interface to the MMU, AMBA BUS, and Harvard cache architecture with Copyright @ 2015 IJSETR. All rights reserved. RAAPARTI V V SRINIVAS, G. A. ARUN KUMAR separate 16KB instruction and 16KB data caches, each of Digia, and the Qt Project under open-source governance. with an 8 –word line length as shown in Fig.2. The Qt is used mainly for developing application software with S3C2440A minimizes overall system costs and eliminates graphical user interfaces (GUIs); however, programs the need to configure additional components. without a GUI can be developed, such as command-line tools and consoles for servers. Qt uses standard C++ with extensions including signals and slots that simplify handling of events, and this helps in development of both GUI and server applications which receive their own set of event information and should process them accordingly. Qt supports many compilers, including the GCC C++ compiler and the Visual Studio suite. Qt can be used in several other programming languages via language bindings. It runs on the major desktop platforms and some of the mobile platforms. It has extensive internationalization support. Non-GUI features include SQL database access, XML parsing, JSON parsing, thread management and network support. V. DRAG AND TYPE OVERVIEW Fig.2. Friendly mini 2440. DRAG AND TYPE method overview There are two concerns motivated to develop a new style of typing B. GSM method called DRAG-AND-TYPE, on full layout of virtual GSM (Global System for Mobile communications) is an keyboard on small touch screens[4]. On the flat touch open, digital cellular technology used for transmitting screen finger touch actions can be classified into two mobile voice and data services.GSM (Global System for actions i.e tapping and dragging. Two kinds of Drag-and Mobile communication) is a digital mobile telephone Type methods proposed: Drag-and-Tap[3] and Drag-and- system that is widely used in Europe and other parts of the Drop. In Drag-and-Tap method uses the tapping method world. GSM uses a variation of Time Division Multiple where as in the Drag-and-Drop method uses the dragging Access (TDMA) and is the most widely used of the three instead of direct tapping on full layout. In this method the digital wireless telephone technologies (TDMA, GSM and characters are dragging into the blank space area where user CDMA). GSM digitizes and compresses data, then sends it wants to type some text. Although typing speed is down a channel with two other streams of user data, each in controversial in both methods, but the drag-and-drop its own time slot. It operates at either the 900 MHz or 1,800 method is chosen when the accurate typing is required. MHz frequency band. It supports voice calls and data Mainly this method is used in password entry i.e more transfer speeds of upto 9.6 kbit/s, together with the sensitive to the errors. Drag-and-Drop method is further transmission of SMS (Short Message Service). extended to secure the password entry against the shoulder- surfing attacks. This method is called the Secure Drag-and- IV. SOFTWARE Type. This method is accurate and secure typing on the A.QT Creator small touch screens[4] regarding security sensitive Qt Creator is a cross-platform C++, JavaScript and consumer electronics applications. QML integrated development environment which is part of the SDK for the Qt GUI Application development VI. RESULTS framework. It includes a visual debugger and an integrated In the fig 3 , the hardware assembly can be seen with GUI layout and forms designer. The editor's features GSM Modem connected to the board, whenever the system include syntax highlighting and auto completion, but purposely nottabs (although plug-ins are available). Qt Creator uses the C++compiler from the GNU Compiler Collection on Linux and FreeBSD. On Windows it can use MinGW or MSVC with the default install and can also use cdb when compiled from source code. Clang is also supported. B.QT (Qtopia) Qt is across-platform application framework that is widely used for developing application software that can be run on various software and hardware platforms with little or no change in the underlying codebase, while having the power and speed of native applications. Qt is currently being developed both by the Qt Company, a subsidiary Fig.3. Hardware assembly. International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Technology Research Volume.04, IssueNo.48, November-2015, Pages: 10449-10451 Drag and Type Virtual Keyboard for Small Touch Screens over ARM9 Processor Powered up, and qwerty keyboard designed using Qt screens,” in Proc. IEEE Transactions on Consumer will be displayed, in which as shown in fig.4 we can drag Electronics, vol.60, No.1, February 2014. and drop the letters and numeric‟s from the keyboard on to [5] I. S. Mackenzie and S. X. Zhang, “The design and the black space. evaluation of a high- performance soft keyboard,” in Proc. SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Pittsburgh, USA, ACM press, pp. 25-31, May 1999. [6] S. Zhai, M. Hunter and B. A. Smith, “Performance optimization of virtual keyboards” HumanComputer Interaction, vol. 17, 2002. [7] J. D. Ichbian, “Method for designing an ergonomic one- finger keyboard and apparatus therefor,” In US patent 5487616, 1996 [8] M. Klima and V. Slovacek, “Vector keyboard for touch screen devices,” in Proc. International Conference on Ergonomics and Health Aspects of Work with Computers, San Diego, USA, LNCS 5624, pp. 250-256, July 2009.
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