SRC-28 Seigenthaler, P. 1 SRC-28 Interviewer
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Baker V. Carr in Context: 1946-1964
BAKER V. CARR IN CONTEXT: 1946-1964 Stephen Ansolabehere and Samuel Issacharoff1 Introduction Occasionally in all walks of life, law included, there are breakthroughs that have the quality of truth revealed. Not only do such ideas have overwhelming force, but they alter the world in which they operate. In the wake of such breakthroughs, it is difficult to imagine what existed before. Such is the American conception of constitutional democracy before and after the “Reapportionment Revolution” of the 1960s. Although legislative redistricting today is not without its riddle of problems, it is difficult to imagine so bizarre an apportionment scheme as the way legislative power was rationed out in Tennessee, the setting for Baker v. Carr. Tennessee apportioned power through, in Justice Clark’s words, “a crazy quilt without rational basis.”2 Indeed, forty years after Baker, with “one person, one vote” a fundamental principle of our democracy, it may be hard to imagine what all the constitutional fuss was about. Yet the decision in Baker, which had striking immediate impact, marked a profound transformation in American democracy. The man who presided over this transformation, Chief Justice Earl Warren, called Baker “the most important case of [his] tenure on the Court.”3 Perhaps the simplest way to understand the problem is to imagine the role of the legislator faced with the command to reapportion legislative districts after each decennial Census. Shifts in population mean that new areas of a state are likely to emerge as the dominant forces of a legislature. But what if the power to stem the tide were as simple as refusing to reapportion? It happened at the national level when Congress, realizing that the swelling tide of immigrant and industrial workers had moved power to the Northeast and the Midwest, simply refused to reapportion after the 1920 Census. -
Download Between the Lines 2017
the LINES Vanderbilt University, 2016–17 RESEARCH and from the LEARNING UNIVERSITY LIBRARIAN Places and Spaces International exhibit unites students, faculty and staff in celebrating mapping technology Dear colleagues and friends, ast spring, the Vanderbilt Heard Libraries hosted Places & Spaces: Mapping Science, It is my pleasure to share with you Between the Lines, a publication of an international exhibition the Jean and Alexander Heard Libraries. In words, numbers and images, celebrating the use of data we offer a glimpse into the many ways our libraries support and enhance Lvisualizations to make sense of large MAPPING SCIENCE teaching, learning and research at Vanderbilt. Between the Lines will data streams in groundbreaking ways. introduce you to the remarkable things happening in the libraries and The campuswide exhibit proved to be perhaps even challenge your perception of the roles of libraries and intellectually enriching and socially unifying, according to campus leaders. librarians. We are grateful to the many donors and friends who made “The Places & Spaces: Mapping Science much of this work possible. exhibit brought together students, faculty and staff to celebrate technological The past academic year has been one of change for Vanderbilt’s Heard advances in data visualization that Libraries with new faces, new library services, new spaces and new facilitate our understanding of the world I programs. It has also been a year of continuity as we build collections, around us,” says Cynthia J. Cyrus, vice make resources accessible and provide contemplative and collaborative provost for learning and residential affairs. “From the disciplines of science and Ptolemy’s Cosmo- spaces for research and study. -
Minutes for Tuesday, October 13, 2009 the Commons, Room 237
Minutes for Tuesday, October 13, 2009 The Commons, Room 237 ATTENDANCE: Present King, Sue Stanard, Ray Soren, Carol Alley, Jean Koval, Kristin Steward, Dan Thompson, Molly Amos, Stan Krueger, Anna K Street, JJ Wenzell , Alison Armstrong, Terri Lang, Melanie Stuart, Kate Whitlow, Cathy Atack, Becky Latham, Vickie Suttles, Todd Wyatt, Michelle Bailey, Bill Martin, Ashley Trenary, Carlos Banks, Diane McKee, Brenda Villager, Nyla Absent Barnett, Lora McLeod, Laura Waddell, Rochelle Cage, Vickie Boglin, Harriett Moore, Kenny Walker, Bryon Collins, Greg Bransford, Chris Owens, Ann Marie Wall, Andrea Franklin, Keith Brassil, John Palmer, Dave Watson-Wienzetl, Myrna Heath, Eric Chapman, Angela Patterson, JoAnn Whaley, Elizabeth Jackson, Nancy Cribbs, Chris Pepper, Ronnie Whatley, Luci Johnson, Faye Dean, Mary Ann Pruitt, Don White, Lolita Johnson, Stacy DiGiovanna, Sheri Reed, Dylan Williams,Tara Kendrick, Stacy Dixon, Michele Reynolds-Barnes, Wilson, Cliff McClure, Cheryl Dubois, Daniel Deborah McCurry, Barry Fisher, Kristy Rhodes, Katherine Absent, sent regrets Pryor, Jessica Fisher, Joe Richter, Andy Fagan, Shawn Smeltzer, Mike Formont, Jamie Seezen, Karen Frierson, Sterling Steine, Cindy Gambill, Jodie Showman, Hillary McGrath, Jason Tucker, Phillip Hiltz, Shirley Smith, Donna Norfleet, Lydia Watts, Katie Holcroft, Nancy Smith, Susanne Pickert, Don Webb, Mary Houseman, Andrea Soxayachanh, Olivia Sheldon, Brenda Guests: Melissa Wocher, Jane Bruce, Cliff Joyner 8:30 a.m. Diane Banks, President, welcomed the members and called the meeting to order. MINUTES: The minutes of the August meeting were unanimously approved. COMMITTEE REPORTS Events: Andrea Wall updated the committee on the Red Cross Blood Drive to take place Nov 30th at both Sarratt Student Center 216/220 and Peabody MRL 241 from 11 AM – 3 PM. -
2009-10 Annual Report:Layout 1
Contents Offices ABOUT THE ABOUT THIS FREEDOM FORUM ANNUAL REPORT FREEDOM FORUM 2009-10 ANNUAL REPORT FREEDOM FORUM HEADQUARTERS NEWSEUM • FIRST AMENDMENT CENTER • DIVERSITY INSTITUTE 555 Pennsylvania Ave., N.W. The Freedom Forum, based in This report focuses on the Washington, DC 20001 Washington, D.C., is a nonpartisan Freedom Forum and the entities Tel: 202/292-6100 foundation that champions the it helps support: the First Fax: 202/292-6245 First Amendment as a corner- Amendment Center, the Diversity E-mail: [email protected] stone of democracy. Institute and the Newseum. Freedom Forum Experts.....................................................2 NEWSEUM The Newseum is publishing a 555 Pennsylvania Ave., N.W. The Freedom Forum is the main separate annual report with Letter from the Chairman and CEO.....................................3 Washington, DC 20001 funder of the operations of the detailed information about its Tel: 202/292-6100 Newseum, an interactive galleries, operations and finances. Fax: 202/292-6245 museum of news in Washington, Newseum ..........................................................................4 D.C.; the First Amendment For more Newseum information, Toll-free: 888/NEWSEUM see the Newseum’s 2009-10 E-mail: [email protected] Center; and the Diversity Insti- First Amendment Center ..................................................10 tute. The First Amendment annual report, available online at FIRST AMENDMENT CENTER Center and the Diversity Institute http://www.freedomforum.org/ at Vanderbilt University -
BROWN V. BOARD of EDUCATION: MAKING a MORE PERFECT UNION
File: Seigenthaler.342.GALLEY(7) Created on: 5/9/2005 4:09 PM Last Printed: 7/5/2005 9:17 AM BROWN v. BOARD OF EDUCATION: MAKING A MORE PERFECT UNION John Seigenthaler* It is impossible for me to reflect on Brown v. Board of Educa- tion1 and its meaning these five decades later without revisiting in my mind’s eye the white Southern racist society of my youth and young adulthood. That was a time when my hometown, Nashville, Tennessee, was as racially segregated as any city in South Africa at the height of Apartheid; when every city in the South, large and small, was the same; when African-American residents of those communities were denied access to any place and every place they might need or wish to go. The legal myth of “separate but equal” had cunningly banned black citizens from every hospital, school, restaurant, trolley, bus, park, theater, hotel, and motel that catered to the white public. These tax-paying citizens were denied access to these places solely on the basis of their race by tradition, custom, local ordi- nance, state statute, federal policy, and by an edict of the United States Supreme Court fifty-eight years before Brown in Plessy v. Ferguson.2 In too many of these cities, black citizens were even denied access to the ballot box on election day. The posted signs of the times read, “White Only.” If you never saw those signs, it is difficult to imagine their visible presence in every city hall, county courthouse, and public building, including many federal buildings. -
L8~O of School Districts in Region Desegregated
Factual ~ uooL EWS Objective NASHVILLE, TENN. $2 PER YEAR JUNE, 1957 SERS to Continue 'Grant of $234,916Made l8~o of School Districts For Next 2 Years' Work In Region Desegregated otJTHERN EoucATLON REPOR1"tNG Service has received a grant of A PPROXIMATELY' 18 PER CENT OF THE SOME 3,700 BIRACIAL SCHOOL DIS 1 4,916 from the Fund Cor the TRICTS in 17 souLhem and border states have begun desegregation dvancemenl of Education to ex since the U.S. Supreme Cour·t decision of 1954, according to a SouTH d its activities from July 1 of ERN ScHOOL NEws school year-end survey. ·r to June 30. 195~). according tl) There are 684 districts which have begun or accomplished the de announcement from SERS segregation process. All but seven of these are in the border states. Of an Frank Ahlgren. the seven, two are in Tennessee and five are in Arkansas. The states The Fund. an ind('pencll'n t agcn- of Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, .· established by the Ford Foun South Carolina and Virginia have no public school integration. (One district in Texns-Fiatonia in lion, provided the original g1·ant Fayette County-long assumed to be Louisiana · SERS in 1954 for a pc1·iod of desegregated and so listed in last In lhe first such forecast !rom a po year. In 1955 it apprnprhtcd month's SSN map, was disclosed to litical figure, Louisiana's Democratic 3.884 to extend SERS fM two have taken no action.) national committeeman predicted his state and other states would eventually . -
Freedom Riders Democracy in Action a Study Guide to Accompany the Film Freedom Riders Copyright © 2011 by WGBH Educational Foundation
DEMOCRACY IN ACTION A STUDY GUIDE TO ACCOMPANY THE FILM FREEDOM RIDERS DEMOCRACY IN ACTION A STUDY GUIDE TO ACCOMPANY THE FILM FREEDOM RIDERS Copyright © 2011 by WGBH Educational Foundation. All rights reserved. Cover art credits: Courtesy of the Birmingham Civil Rights Institute. Back cover art credits: Bettmann/CORBIS. To download a PDF of this guide free of charge, please visit www.facinghistory.org/freedomriders or www.pbs.org/freedomriders. ISBN-13: 978-0-9819543-9-4 ISBN-10: 0-9819543-9-1 Facing History and Ourselves Headquarters 16 Hurd Road Brookline, MA 02445-6919 ABOUT FACING HISTORY AND OURSELVES Facing History and Ourselves is a nonprofit and the steps leading to the Holocaust—the educational organization whose mission is to most documented case of twentieth-century engage students of diverse backgrounds in an indifference, de-humanization, hatred, racism, examination of racism, prejudice, and antisemitism antisemitism, and mass murder. It goes on to in order to promote a more humane and explore difficult questions of judgment, memory, informed citizenry. As the name Facing History and legacy, and the necessity for responsible and Ourselves implies, the organization helps participation to prevent injustice. Facing History teachers and their students make the essential and Ourselves then returns to the theme of civic connections between history and the moral participation to examine stories of individuals, choices they confront in their own lives, and offers groups, and nations who have worked to build a framework and a vocabulary for analyzing the just and inclusive communities and whose stories meaning and responsibility of citizenship and the illuminate the courage, compassion, and political tools to recognize bigotry and indifference in their will that are needed to protect democracy today own worlds. -
Who Killed Martin Luther King? by Maria Gilardin / April 4Th, 2008
Skip to content Who Killed Martin Luther King? by Maria Gilardin / April 4th, 2008 This article is based on the work of a remarkable man. Dr. William Pepper is an attorney, author, and friend of Martin Luther King and his family. In February 1967 King had asked to meet a young man whose work as a journalist in Vietnam showed the terrible impact on the civilian population. King wept and never wavered in his opposition to the war. That young man was Bill Pepper. He became James Earl Ray’s lawyer and assembled the evidence that exonerated Ray — some of which is described below. Six-oh-one p.m., April 4th, 1968, Martin Luther King has been felled by a single shot. In 1977 the family of Martin Luther King engaged an attorney and friend, Dr. William Pepper, to investigate a suspicion they had. They no longer believed that James Earl Ray was the killer. For their peace of mind, for an accurate record of history, and out of a sense of justice they conducted a two decade long investigation. The evidence they uncovered was put before a jury in Memphis, TN, in November 1999. 70 witnesses testified under oath, 4,000 pages of transcripts described the evidence, much of it new. It took the jury 59 minutes to come back with their decision that Loyd Jowers, owner of Jim’s Grill, had participated in a conspiracy to kill King, a conspiracy that included J. Edgar Hoover and the FBI, Richard Helms and the CIA, the military, the Memphis Police Department (MPD), and organized crime. -
John Seigenthaler-Unedited
John Seigenthaler LBJ Lecture April 27, 2004 UNEDITED LBJ Distinguished Lecture Remarks for President Denise Trauth Alkek Teaching Theater Tuesday, April 27, 2004 6:30 p.m. Good evening, and welcome to our spring 2004 Lyndon Baines Johnson Distinguished Lecture. It’s hard to imagine a more appropriate speaker in a series named for LBJ Both Lyndon Johnson and John Seigenthaler were steeped in civil rights experiences in the South. Mr. Seigenthaler’s resume is replete with these experiences. In the 1960s he served the U.S. Justice Department as administrative assistant to Attorney General Robert Kennedy. In that role he was mobbed by Klansmen in Alabama while trying to help the Freedom Riders. Most of Mr. Seigenthaler’s career has been spent in journalism. After forty-three years with the Tennessean newspaper in Nashville, he retired as editor, publisher and CEO in 1991. Simultaneously, he served a decade as founding editorial director of U.S.A. Today. He is a former president of the American Society of Newspaper Editors. In 1991, he founded the First Amendment Center to create a national dialog about First Amendment rights and values. He hosts a weekly book-review program, chairs the annual Profile in Courage Award selection committee for the John F. Kennedy Library Foundation and co-chairs the Robert F. Kennedy Book Award for the RFK Memorial. He was asked by former presidents Jimmy Carter and Gerald Ford to serve on the National Commission on Federal Election Reform organized after the 2000 presidential election and is a member of the Constitution Project on Liberty and Security created after the 9-11 tragedies. -
John Seigenthaler Oral History Interview – RFK #2, 7/1/1970 Administrative Information
John Seigenthaler Oral History Interview – RFK #2, 7/1/1970 Administrative Information Creator: John Seigenthaler Interviewer: Larry J. Hackman Date of Interview: July 1, 1970 Place of Interview: Washington D.C. Length: 35 pp. Biographical Note Seigenthaler was aide to Robert F. Kennedy during the 1960 Presidential campaign and Administrative Assistant to the Attorney General, Department of Justice (1961). This interview focuses on the 1964 Democratic National Convention, and Robert F. Kennedy’s Senate campaign including staffing and organization, among other issues. Access Restrictions No restrictions. Usage Restrictions According to the deed of gift signed August 29, 1986, copyright of these materials has been assigned to the United States Government. Copyright The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. Under certain conditions specified in the law, libraries and archives are authorized to furnish a photocopy or other reproduction. One of these specified conditions is that the photocopy or reproduction is not to be “used for any purpose other than private study, scholarship, or research.” If a user makes a request for, or later uses, a photocopy or reproduction for purposes in excesses of “fair use,” that user may be liable for copyright infringement. This institution reserves the right to refuse to accept a copying order if, in its judgment, fulfillment of the order would involve violation of copyright law. The copyright law extends its protection to unpublished works from the moment of creation in a tangible form. Direct your questions concerning copyright to the reference staff. -
Vol 8, Transcript of 1999 MLK, Jr. Assassination
[FILE 8/14 - online at: http://ratical.org/ratville/JFK/MLKACT/] Vol 9 | Table of Contents | Vol 7 Complete Transcript of the Martin Luther King, Jr. Assassination Conspiracy Trial Volume 8 29 November 1999 992 IN THE CIRCUIT COURT OF SHELBY COUNTY, TENNESSEE FOR THE THIRTIETH JUDICIAL DISTRICT AT MEMPHIS CORETTA SCOTT KING, MARTIN LUTHER KING, III, BERNICE KING, DEXTER SCOTT KING and YOLANDA KING, Plaintiffs, Vs. Case No. 97242-4 T.D. LOYD JOWERS and OTHER UNKNOWN CO-CONSPIRATORS, Defendants. TRANSCRIPT OF PROCEEDINGS November 29, 1999 Volume VIII Before the Honorable James E. Swearengen, Division 4, Judge presiding. Vol 8, Transcript of 1999 MLK, Jr. Assassination Conspiracy Trial 1 of 130 DANIEL, DILLINGER, DOMINSKI, RICHBERGER, WEATHERFORD COURT REPORTERS 22nd Floor - One Commerce Square Memphis, Tennessee 38103 (901) 529-1999 DANIEL, DILLINGER, DOMINSKI, RICHBERGER, WEATHERFORD (901) 529-1999 993 - APPEARANCES - For the Plaintiffs: DR. WILLIAM PEPPER Attorney at Law New York City, New York For the Defendant: MR. LEWIS GARRISON Attorney at Law Memphis, Tennessee Reported by: MS. SARA R. ROGAN Court Reporter Daniel, Dillinger, Dominski, Richberger & Weatherford 22nd Floor One Commerce Square Memphis, Tennessee 38103 DANIEL, DILLINGER, DOMINSKI, RICHBERGER, WEATHERFORD (901) 529-1999 994 - INDEX - WITNESS: PAGE Vol 8, Transcript of 1999 MLK, Jr. Assassination Conspiracy Trial 2 of 130 WILLIAM B. HAMBLIN DIRECT EXAMINATION BY MR. PEPPER:....................... 998 CROSS-EXAMINATION BY MR. GARRISON:..................... 1013 REDIRECT EXAMINATION BY MR. PEPPER:....................... 1015 JAMES JOSEPH ISABEL DIRECT EXAMINATION BY MR. PEPPER:....................... 1016 CROSS-EXAMINATION BY MR. GARRISON:..................... 1024 JERRY WILLIAM RAY DIRECT EXAMINATION BY MR. PEPPER:....................... 1026 CROSS-EXAMINATION BY MR. -
Race—America's Rawest Nerve
SUMMER 1994 MEDIA STUDIES Journ~~ RACE- AMERICA'S RAWEST NERVE The Freedom Forum Media Studies Center At Columbia University in the City of New York $8 Race America's Rawest Nerve The Freedom Forum Media Studies Center At Columbia University in the City of New York Media Studies Journal Volume 8, Number 3, Summer 1994 The Media Studies Journal is a quarterly forum for scholars, practitioners and informed commentators to discuss topical themes of enduring importance to the mass media and the public. Editor-in-chief Everette E. Dennis Editor Edward C. Pease Copy Editor Lisa DeLisle Senior Editorial Assistant Barry Langford Editorial Assistants Sabi Muteshi Michael Gwertzman Copyright © 1994 by The Freedom Forum Media Studies Center and The Freedom Forum. Editorial Offices: Media Studies Journal, Columbia University, 2950 Broadway, New York, N.Y. 10027 The Media Studies Journal (ISSN 1057-7416), formerly the Gannett Center Journal (ISSN 0893-8342), is published quarterly. Annual subscriptions: Individual $32 (U.S.), $40 (foreign). Single copies $8 (U.S.), $10 (foreign). Includes shipping and handling. All orders and change of address information should be sent in writing to The Freedom Forum Media Studies Center, Columbia University, Financial Department, 2950 Broadway, New York, N.Y. 10027. This publication is indexed by Public Affairs Information Services (PAIS). Original cover and tide page illustration, "Trashing Stereotypes," by Ronald Searle, commissioned for the Media Studies Journal. 11 The Freedom Forum Media Studies Center, an operating program of The Freedom Forum, is an institute for the advanced study of mass communication and techno logical change. Through a variety of programs, it seeks to enhance media profes sionalism, foster greater public understanding of how the media work, strengthen journalism education and examine the effects on society of mass communication and communications technology.