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The Position of Secretary of Defense: Statutory Restrictions and Civilian-Military Relations
The Position of Secretary of Defense: Statutory Restrictions and Civilian-Military Relations Updated January 6, 2021 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R44725 Position of Secretary of Defense: Statutory Restrictions and Civilian-Military Relations Summary The position of Secretary of Defense is unique within the United States government; it is one of two civilian positions within the military chain of command, although unlike the President, the Secretary of Defense is not elected. Section 113 of the United States Code states that the Secretary of Defense is to be “appointed from civilian life by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate.” The section goes on to elaborate a key mechanism by which civilian control of the armed forces is maintained: A person may not be appointed as Secretary of Defense within seven years after relief from active duty as a commissioned officer of a regular component of an armed force. The proposed nomination of General (Ret.) Lloyd Austin, United States Army, who retired from the military in 2016, to be Secretary of Defense may lead both houses of Congress to consider whether and how to suspend, change, or remove that provision. This provision was originally contained in the 1947 National Security Act (P.L. 80-253), which mandated that 10 years pass between the time an officer is relieved from active duty and when he or she could be appointed to the office of the Secretary of Defense. In 2007, Section 903 of the FY2008 National Defense Authorization Act (P.L. 110-181), Congress changed the period of time that must elapse between relief from active duty and appointment to the position of Secretary of Defense to seven years. -
SENATE APRIL 3 ' Mr
3302 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE APRIL 3 ' Mr. CELLER: Committee on the Judiciary, By Mr. TOLAN: April 2, 1942, the President had approved H. R. 4934. A bill to provide for the punish H. R. 6896. A b111 to make 411 Mohammad and signed the act <S. 2339) to provide ment of persons conspiring to violate the eligible for naturalization; to the Committee for the expeditious naturalization of for laws relating to counterfeiting and certain on Immigration and Naturalization. other laws; without amendment (Rept. No. mer citizens of the United States who 1968). Referred to the House Calendar. have lost United States citizenship PETITIONS, ETC. through service with the allied forces of the United States during the first or PUBLIC BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS Under clause 1 of rule XXII, petitions second World War. and papers were laid on the Clerk's desk Under clause 3 of rule XXII, public bills MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE and resolutions were introduced and sev and referred as follows: erally referred as follows: 2640. By . Mr. FORAND: Resolution of the A message from the House of Repre Rhode Island Federation of Men's Bible sentatives, by Mr. Swanson, one of its By Mr. BLAND: Classes, protesting against the sale of intoxi clerks, announced that ~ Hon. E. E. Cox, H. R. 6887. A bill relating to service on cating beverages within military establish a Representative from the State of oceangoing vessels of the United States by ments that house armed forces of the United Georgia, had been elected Speaker pro licensed officers; to the Committee on the States; to the Committee on Military Affairs. -
Evaluating the Army's Ability to Regenerate
C O R P O R A T I O N Evaluating the Army’s Ability to Regenerate History and Future Options Shanthi Nataraj, M. Wade Markel, Jaime L. Hastings, Eric V. Larson, Jill E. Luoto, Christopher E. Maerzluft, Craig A. Myatt, Bruce R. Orvis, Christina Panis, Michael H. Powell, Jose R. Rodriguez, Tiffany Tsai For more information on this publication, visit www.rand.org/t/RR1637 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available for this publication. ISBN: 978-0-8330-9663-0 Published by the RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, Calif. © Copyright 2017 RAND Corporation R® is a registered trademark. Limited Print and Electronic Distribution Rights This document and trademark(s) contained herein are protected by law. This representation of RAND intellectual property is provided for noncommercial use only. Unauthorized posting of this publication online is prohibited. Permission is given to duplicate this document for personal use only, as long as it is unaltered and complete. Permission is required from RAND to reproduce, or reuse in another form, any of its research documents for commercial use. For information on reprint and linking permissions, please visit www.rand.org/pubs/permissions. The RAND Corporation is a research organization that develops solutions to public policy challenges to help make communities throughout the world safer and more secure, healthier and more prosperous. RAND is nonprofit, nonpartisan, and committed to the public interest. RAND’s publications do not necessarily reflect the opinions of its research clients and sponsors. Support RAND Make a tax-deductible charitable contribution at www.rand.org/giving/contribute www.rand.org Preface This document reports results from a research project entitled, “Developing a Strate- gic Framework for Army Regeneration.” The purpose of the project was to assess the Army’s ability to regenerate active component end strength using a variety of acces- sions, retention, and force management policies. -
The Week in Review July 2-8, 7(2), 2012
July 2-8, 7(2), 2012 Editor: Sanjeev Kumar Shrivastav Contributors Anwesha Roy Chaudhuri Afghanistan, Pakistan Gulbin Sultana Sri Lanka, Maldives, Bangladesh Pranamita Baruah Japan, South Korea Princy Marine George Iran, Israel, Syria, Palestine Babjee Pothuraju Africa Amit Kumar Defence Review Shristi Pukhrem Internal Security Review Keerthi Kumar UN Review Review Adviser: S. Kalyanaraman Follow IDSA Facebook Twitter 1, Development Enclave, Rao Tula Ram Marg, New Delhi-110010 Telephone: 91-26717983; Fax: 91-11-26154191 Website: www.idsa.in; Email: [email protected] The Week in Review July 2-8, 7(2), 2012 CONTENTS In This Issue Page I. COUNTRY REVIEWS A. South Asia 2-9 B. East Asia 9-11 C. West Asia 11-13 D. Africa 13-14 II. DEFENCE REVIEW 14-16 III. INTERNAL SECURITY REVIEW 16-19 IV. UN REVIEW 19-23 1 The Week in Review July 2-8, 7(2), 2012 I. COUNTRY REVIEWS A. South Asia Afghansitan l United States accords Afghanistan a ‘Major Non-NATO Ally’ status; International donors pledges $16 billion aid for Afghanistan over the next four years at major donors’ conference in Tokyo; Five NATO soldiers wounded by man wearing Afghan army uniform In a significant development, according to reports, U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton arrived in Afghanistan July 7, 2012 on a surprise visit ahead of a key conference in Tokyo. “We are not even imagining abandoning Afghanistan,” Clinton said in a press conference with Afghan President Hamid Karzai. To that point, the U.S. State Department announced on July 7, 2012 that President Barack Obama had signed a determination designating Afghanistan a “major non-NATO ally,” a status accorded to a limited number of countries such as Israel, Egypt, Australia and Pakistan. -
Trump's Generals
STRATEGIC STUDIES QUARTERLY - PERSPECTIVE Trump’s Generals: A Natural Experiment in Civil-Military Relations JAMES JOYNER Abstract President Donald Trump’s filling of numerous top policy positions with active and retired officers he called “my generals” generated fears of mili- tarization of foreign policy, loss of civilian control of the military, and politicization of the military—yet also hope that they might restrain his worst impulses. Because the generals were all gone by the halfway mark of his administration, we have a natural experiment that allows us to com- pare a Trump presidency with and without retired generals serving as “adults in the room.” None of the dire predictions turned out to be quite true. While Trump repeatedly flirted with civil- military crises, they were not significantly amplified or deterred by the presence of retired generals in key roles. Further, the pattern continued in the second half of the ad- ministration when “true” civilians filled these billets. Whether longer-term damage was done, however, remains unresolved. ***** he presidency of Donald Trump served as a natural experiment, testing many of the long- debated precepts of the civil-military relations (CMR) literature. His postelection interviewing of Tmore than a half dozen recently retired four- star officers for senior posts in his administration unleashed a torrent of columns pointing to the dangers of further militarization of US foreign policy and damage to the military as a nonpartisan institution. At the same time, many argued that these men were uniquely qualified to rein in Trump’s worst pro- clivities. With Trump’s tenure over, we can begin to evaluate these claims. -
Overcoming a Failure of Imagination to Conduct Adaptive Work John B
Real Leadership and the U.S. Army Overcoming a Failure of Imagination to Conduct Adaptive Work John B. Richardson, IV etortThe LPapers REAL LEADERSHIP AND THE U.S. ARMY: OVERCOMING A FAILURE OF IMAGINATION U.S. ARMY WAR COLLEGE TO CONDUCT ADAPTIVE WORK John B. Richardson IV Visit our website for other free publication downloads http://www.StrategicStudiesInstitute.army.mil/ To rate this publication click here. U.S. ARMY WAR COLLEGE Strategic Studies Institute This Publication SSI Website USAWC Website U.S. Army War College, Carlisle, PA The Letort Papers In the early 18th century, James Letort, an explorer and fur trader, was instrumental in opening up the Cumberland Valley to settlement. By 1752, there was a garrison on Letort Creek at what is today Carlisle Barracks, Pennsylvania. In those days, Carlisle Barracks lay at the western edge of the American colonies. It was a bastion for the protection of settlers and a departure point for further exploration. Today, as was the case over two centuries ago, Carlisle Barracks, as the home of the U.S. Army War College, is a place of transition and transformation. In the same spirit of bold curiosity that compelled the men and women who, like Letort, settled the American West, the Strategic Studies Institute (SSI) presents The Letort Papers. This series allows SSI to publish papers, retrospectives, speeches, or essays of interest to the defense academic community which may not correspond with our mainstream policy-oriented publications. If you think you may have a subject amenable to publication in our Letort Paper series, or if you wish to comment on a particular paper, please contact Dr. -
Weekly Capitol Hill Report March 20, 2020
Issues for the week ending March 20, 2020 In this Issue: Federal Issues Legislative Federal Issues Legislative COVID-19 Activity Continues To Dominate COVID-19 Activity Continues to Dominate Washington Washington Congress continued its flurry of legislative activity AHIP and BCBSA Offer Legislative Proposals related to the coronavirus last week as the Capitol to Protect Americans' Health Care and remains closed to the public, with two House members Coverage and one Senator announcing they have tested positive and several others self-quarantined. Regulatory President Trump signed H.R. 6201, the “Families First Federal Corona Virus Updates Coronavirus Response Act,” into law on Wednesday, AHIP and Health Care Stakeholders Send as Senate negotiators were working on a third Letter to Congress and the Administration legislative package to address the outbreak. DOL Updates Mental Health Parity and Addiction Equity Resources H.R. 6201 is the second wide-ranging legislative package enacted by Congress this month in response State Issues to COVID-19. President Trump previously signed an Delaware $8.3 billion emergency supplemental appropriations bill on March 6. The new law features a diverse set of Regulatory healthcare and economic policies, including: Delaware Executive Orders Relating to the COVID-19 State of Emergency Requiring private insurers, Medicare, Medicaid, Department of Insurance Bulletins Relating to CHIP, Medicare Advantage plans and other the COVID-19 State of Emergency federal programs to cover COVID-19 diagnostic testing -
Candidate Listing - Post Primary 2020 PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION 11/03/2020 (GENERAL ) DATE/TIME : 8/4/2020 4:21:45 PM Page 1 of 31
PENNSYLVANIA BUREAU OF COMMISSIONS, ELECTIONS AND LEGISLATION DEPARTMENT OF STATE POST PRIMARY Candidate Listing - Post Primary 2020 PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION 11/03/2020 (GENERAL ) DATE/TIME : 8/4/2020 4:21:45 PM Page 1 of 31 Candidate ID Party Candidate Name Address City Zip County PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES --Statewide 2020C0962 DEM JOSEPH R BIDEN PO BOX 58174 PHILADELPHIA PA 19102- 2020C0476 REP DONALD J TRUMP P.O. BOX 13570 ARLINGTON VA 22219 2020C1459 GRN ELIZABETH FAYE SCROGGIN 233 W PENNSYLVANIA AVE DOWNINGTOWN PA 19335- CHESTER 2020C1442 LIB WILLIAM MARTIN SLOANE 417 WEST SOUTH STREET CARLISLE PA 11111- CUMBERLAND ATTORNEY GENERAL --Statewide 2020C0570 DEM JOSH SHAPIRO P.O. BOX 22635 PHILADELPHIA PA 19110- MONTGOMERY 2020C0539 REP HEATHER HEIDELBAUGH 141 WOODHAVEN DRIVE PITTSBURGH PA 15228- ALLEGHENY 2020C1456 GRN RICHARD L WEISS 107 OLD VILLAGE LANE BETHEL PARK PA 15102- ALLEGHENY 2020C1446 LIB DANIEL WASSMER 1433 ROUTE 590 HOWLEY PA 18428- PIKE STATE TREASURER --Statewide 2020C0571 DEM JOE TORSELLA P.O. BOX 626 FLOURTOWN PA 19031 MONTGOMERY 383 GATEWAY INDUSTRIAL PARK 2020C0542 REP STACY L GARRITY ATHENS PA 18810- BRADFORD ROAD 2020C1458 GRN TIMOTHY RUNKLE 15 TEAKWOOD CIRCLE ELIZABETHTOWN PA 17022- LANCASTER 2020C1445 LIB JOE SOLOSKI 141 BUCKHORN RD PORT MATILDA PA 16871- CENTRE AUDITOR GENERAL --Statewide 2020C0549 DEM NINA AHMAD 405 E GOWEN AVE PHILADELPHIA PA 19119- PHILADELPHIA 2020C0564 REP TIMOTHY DEFOOR 1300 ELLIS DRIVE HARRISBURG PA 17110 DAUPHIN 2020C1457 GRN OLIVIA SAISON 5522 SPRUCE ST PHILADELPHI PA 19139- PHILADELPHIA -
Capitol Recap
Capitol Recap November 20, 2019 AROUND THE ROTUNDA CONTENTS PLS coverage of Capitol events including press conferences, bill signings, & media availabilities AROUND THE ROTUNDA 1 COMMITTEE NEWS 2 DEMOCRATS DISCUSS PASSAGE OF MINIMUM WAGE LEGISLATION NEW LEGISLATION 28 By Matt Hess, Pennsylvania Legislative Services | November 20, 2019 LEGISLATIVE ACTIONS 30 EXECUTIVE ACTIONS 45 A host of Democratic members of the House and Senate gathered for a press conference UPCOMING MEETINGS 45 outside the Lt. Governor’s Office this evening to discussion the passage of minimum wage SESSION STATUS legislation in the Senate. At 9:17 p.m. on Wednesday, November 20, Sen. Christine Tartaglione (D-Philadelphia), prime sponsor of SB 79, emphasized that 2019 the Senate stands raising the wage to $9.50 an hour is just a start. “We don’t control both chambers. If we had, in recess until Thursday, we would have had a $15 minimum wage with a Consumer Price Index (CPI) tagged onto it, November 21, 2019 at as well as local municipalities setting a rate of their choice above the minimum wage,” she 11:00 a.m., unless sooner stated. “Today is 4,882 days since low-wage workers in Pennsylvania had a raise. Everyone recalled by the President says they wanted to get more. I could not turn away and tell those folks making $7.25 an Pro Tempore. hour and tell them it is not enough. Any type of raise was a step in the right direction. This At 7:10 p.m. on Wednesday, does not mean we are giving up. -
Norfolk Southern Corporation Contributions to Candidates and Political Committees January 1 ‐ December 30, 2020*
NORFOLK SOUTHERN CORPORATION CONTRIBUTIONS TO CANDIDATES AND POLITICAL COMMITTEES JANUARY 1 ‐ DECEMBER 30, 2020* STATE RECIPIENT OF CORPORATE POLITICAL FUNDS AMOUNT DATE ELECTION OFFICE OR COMMITTEE IL Eva Dina Delgado $1,000 01/27/2020 Primary 2020 State House US Democratic Governors Association (DGA) $10,000 01/27/2020 Election Cycle 2020 Association IL Pat McGuire $250 01/30/2020 Other 2019 State Senate SC SC Rep Senate Caucus (Admin Fund) $3,500 02/18/2020 N/A 2020 State Party Non‐Fed Admin Acct US Republican Governors Association (RGA) $10,000 02/18/2020 N/A 2020 Association LA Stuart Bishop $500 03/03/2020 Primary 2023 Statewide ‐TBD LA Ryan Bourriaque $250 03/03/2020 Primary 2023 State House LA Rhonda Butler $250 03/03/2020 Primary 2023 State House LA Robby Carter $250 03/03/2020 Primary 2023 State House LA Heather Cloud $500 03/03/2020 Primary 2023 State Senate LA Patrick Page Cortez $500 03/03/2020 Primary 2023 Statewide ‐TBD LA Mary DuBuisson $250 03/03/2020 Primary 2023 State House LA Michael Echols $250 03/03/2020 Primary 2023 State House LA Julie Emerson $250 03/03/2020 Primary 2023 State House LA Raymond Garofalo $250 03/03/2020 Primary 2023 Statewide ‐TBD LA Charles Henry $250 03/03/2020 Primary 2023 State House LA Sharon Hewitt $500 03/03/2020 Primary 2023 State Senate LA Stephanie Hilferty $250 03/03/2020 Primary 2023 State House LA Valarie Hodges $250 03/03/2020 Primary 2023 Statewide ‐TBD LA Paul Hollis $250 03/03/2020 Primary 2023 Statewide ‐TBD LA Ronnie Johns $500 03/03/2020 Primary 2023 Statewide ‐TBD LA Tim Kerner -
Lessons-Encountered.Pdf
conflict, and unity of effort and command. essons Encountered: Learning from They stand alongside the lessons of other wars the Long War began as two questions and remind future senior officers that those from General Martin E. Dempsey, 18th who fail to learn from past mistakes are bound Excerpts from LChairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff: What to repeat them. were the costs and benefits of the campaigns LESSONS ENCOUNTERED in Iraq and Afghanistan, and what were the LESSONS strategic lessons of these campaigns? The R Institute for National Strategic Studies at the National Defense University was tasked to answer these questions. The editors com- The Institute for National Strategic Studies posed a volume that assesses the war and (INSS) conducts research in support of the Henry Kissinger has reminded us that “the study of history offers no manual the Long Learning War from LESSONS ENCOUNTERED ENCOUNTERED analyzes the costs, using the Institute’s con- academic and leader development programs of instruction that can be applied automatically; history teaches by analogy, siderable in-house talent and the dedication at the National Defense University (NDU) in shedding light on the likely consequences of comparable situations.” At the of the NDU Press team. The audience for Washington, DC. It provides strategic sup- strategic level, there are no cookie-cutter lessons that can be pressed onto ev- Learning from the Long War this volume is senior officers, their staffs, and port to the Secretary of Defense, Chairman ery batch of future situational dough. The only safe posture is to know many the students in joint professional military of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and unified com- historical cases and to be constantly reexamining the strategic context, ques- education courses—the future leaders of the batant commands. -
JAVA Advocate, December 2011 Edition
Japanese American Veterans Association JAVA ADVOCATE December 2011 Volume XVIIII—Issue 4 Inside this issue: U.S. Congressional Gold Medal Ceremony honors WWII Japanese American Veterans President’s Message 2 Veterans Day at White House WASHINGTON — A ceremony two years in the making became CGM info on JAVA website 3 a reality on Nov. 2, 2011, as Regional CGM programs members of the House of Repre- sentatives and Senate gathered CGM (continued from p. 1) 4 to present Nisei veterans of World War II and families with High praise for CGM events 5 the Congressional Gold Medal, the nation’s highest honor. JAVA members photos 6 With scores of photographers Wakatake receives best 7 recording the moment, the lawyer under 40 award medal was presented by the Re- Wreaths for Arlington publican and Democratic leaders Cemetery gravesites of Congress to veterans repre- Meet the Generals and 8 senting the U.S. Army’s three Presenting the Congressional Gold Medal, L-R: Susumu Ito, Admirals Japanese American units: Speaker of the House John Boehner, Grant Ichikawa (holding Mitsuo Hamasu of the 100th medal), Senator Daniel Inouye, Senator Mitch McConnell. Other Veterans Organizations 9 Infantry Battalion (100th), Su- Thank you donors! sumu Ito of the 442nd Regimental Combat ion/442nd Infantry Regiment Color Guard. Speakers Bureau photo Team (442nd), and Grant Ichikawa of the Military Intelligence Service (MIS). House Speaker John Boehner, who Tucci wins award for SGT 10 greeted the audience with “aloha” in a nod Rock graphic novel The U.S. Capitol’s Emancipation Hall was to the many vets from Hawaii, said that Wanted: Stories about you! filled with veterans in their 80s and 90s as legislation signed by President Obama last well as spouses of deceased vets and family year authorized the awarding of the Con- Speakers Bureau photos 11 members of those who were killed in action.