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Mighty Guests of the Throne Note on Transliteration Sultan Ahmed III’s calligraphy of the Basmala: “In the Name of God, the All-Merciful, the All-Compassionate” The Ottoman Sultans Mighty Guests of the Throne Note on Transliteration In this work, words in Ottoman Turkish, including the Turkish names of people and their written works, as well as place-names within the boundaries of present-day Turkey, have been transcribed according to official Turkish orthography. Accordingly, c is read as j, ç is ch, and ş is sh. The ğ is silent, but it lengthens the preceding vowel. I is pronounced like the “o” in “atom,” and ö is the same as the German letter in Köln or the French “eu” as in “peu.” Finally, ü is the same as the German letter in Düsseldorf or the French “u” in “lune.” The anglicized forms, however, are used for some well-known Turkish words, such as Turcoman, Seljuk, vizier, sheikh, and pasha as well as place-names, such as Anatolia, Gallipoli, and Rumelia. The Ottoman Sultans Mighty Guests of the Throne SALİH GÜLEN Translated by EMRAH ŞAHİN Copyright © 2010 by Blue Dome Press Originally published in Turkish as Tahtın Kudretli Misafirleri: Osmanlı Padişahları 13 12 11 10 1 2 3 4 All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system without permission in writing from the Publisher. Published by Blue Dome Press 535 Fifth Avenue, 6th Fl New York, NY, 10017 www.bluedomepress.com Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Available ISBN 978-1-935295-04-4 Front cover: An 1867 painting of the Ottoman sultans from Osman Gazi to Sultan Abdülaziz by Stanislaw Chlebowski Front flap: Rosewater flask, encrusted with precious stones Title page: Ottoman Coat of Arms Back flap: Sultan Mehmed IV’s edict on the land grants that were deeded to the mosque erected by the Mother Sultan in Bahçekapı, Istanbul (Bottom: 16th century Ottoman parade helmet, encrusted with gems). Back cover: 18th century throne of Sultan Mahmud I given as a gift by Nadir Shah, embellished with emeralds, rubies, and pearls Photographs: Mustafa Yılmaz, Bahadır Taşkın, Halit Ömer Camcı, Ahmet Özdemir, Salih Gülen, Ekrem Tez, Özer Akpınar, Harun Gülsül, and www.thinkstockphotos.com Art Director: Engin Çiftçi Graphic Design: Murat Arabacı Printed by Çağlayan A.Ş., Izmir - Turkey Contents Note on Transliteration .....................................................................................................................................................ii Foreword ...................................................................................................................................................................................vii Preface ........................................................................................................................................................................................ix The Ottoman Dynasty ........................................................................................................................................................1 Osman Gazi ..............................................................................................................................................................................2 Orhan Gazi ..............................................................................................................................................................................10 Sultan Murad I ......................................................................................................................................................................18 Sultan Bayezid I ..................................................................................................................................................................28 Sultan Mehmed I .................................................................................................................................................................38 Sultan Murad II ....................................................................................................................................................................46 Sultan Mehmed II ...............................................................................................................................................................58 Sultan Bayezid II ................................................................................................................................................................82 Sultan Selim I ........................................................................................................................................................................90 Sultan Süleyman I ...........................................................................................................................................................102 Sultan Selim II ...................................................................................................................................................................120 Sultan Murad III ...............................................................................................................................................................132 Sultan Mehmed III ..........................................................................................................................................................140 Sultan Ahmed I .................................................................................................................................................................148 Sultan Mustafa I ...............................................................................................................................................................156 Sultan Osman II ................................................................................................................................................................160 Sultan Murad IV ...............................................................................................................................................................166 Sultan İbrahim ...................................................................................................................................................................180 Sultan Mehmed IV ..........................................................................................................................................................188 Sultan Süleyman II .........................................................................................................................................................198 Sultan Ahmed II ...............................................................................................................................................................202 Sultan Mustafa II .............................................................................................................................................................206 Sultan Ahmed III .............................................................................................................................................................220 Sultan Mahmud I .................................................................................................................................................................230 Sultan Osman III ..................................................................................................................................................................240 Sultan Mustafa III ...............................................................................................................................................................246 Sultan Abdülhamid I .........................................................................................................................................................252 Sultan Selim III .....................................................................................................................................................................260 Sultan Mustafa IV ................................................................................................................................................................272 Sultan Mahmud II ...............................................................................................................................................................276 Sultan Abdülmecid .............................................................................................................................................................290 Sultan Abdülaziz ..................................................................................................................................................................298 Sultan Murad V .....................................................................................................................................................................306 Sultan Abdülhamid II .......................................................................................................................................................312 Sultan Mehmed Reşad .....................................................................................................................................................336 Sultan Mehmed Vahdeddin ...........................................................................................................................................344
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