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Railway Base Tunnel Projects in Switzerland

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Railway Base Tunnel Projects in Switzerland Federal Department of the Environment, Transport, Energy and Communications Federal Office of Transport RAILWAY BASE TUNNEL PROJECTS IN SWITZERLAND Dr. Rudolf Sperlich Swiss Federal Office of Transport Zaragoza, October 31 th 2008 Introduction • Traffic policy CH • Financing: Public transport fund • Most important project: New Rail Link through the Alps (NRLA) • Supervision • Conclusions Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 2 The Alps A barrier for transportation Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 3 Transalpine Swiss freight traffic: subdivision and modal split Road 36.1 25.2 12.9 11.5 Rail 6.1 71.6 Mio. Net Tonnes / year Status: 2008 Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 4 Swiss Traffic evolution until 2030 + 54% 50 40 30 20 10 + 24% 0 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 Personenverkehr Güterverkehr Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 5 Elements of the Swiss transport policy Heavy vehicle Railway reform fee Shift from Modernization Agreement road to rail of railway Switzerland-EU Large railway infrastructure projects: Railway 2000 NRLA (NEAT) FDR (ZEB) Noise abatement High Speed Links Agglo-projects Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 6 Expenses for infrastructure 5000 4000 3000 Mio. sFr. sFr. Mio. Mio. 2000 Road 1000 Rail 0 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 7 Improvement of the railway network (large-scale projects until 2030) Public Transport Fund (FinöV) Ordinary Budget 2007-2010 Infrastructure Fund for Agglomeration Projects Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 8 New Railway link through the Alps: The first voting Information booklet 1992 Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 9 Vote on public transport funding High Speed Links Popular vote on financing RAIL of public transport 29.11.1998 2000 NRLA (NEAT) Noise abatement Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 10 Public transport fund (cross financing) NEAT (Alp Transit) 2/3 of Heavy 12,3 bn. € Vehicle Fee Public RAIL 2000 Transport and FDR Mineral Oil Tax 6 bn € (25% for NRLA) Fund 19,7 bn € High speed Links 0,6 bn € VAT (0,1 %) Noise Advances Abatement (max. 5,4 bn €) 0,8 bn € Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 11 0.0 Mrd 0.0 Mrd 2.0 Mrd 2.5 1.5 Mrd 1.5 0.5 Mrd 0.5 Mrd 1.0 1998 1999 payments Public Transport Fund Transport Public Dr. R. Sperlich / 31 ZaragozaR. Sperlich Dr. 2000 2001 2002 2003 debt / advance 2004 2005 th 2006 October 2008 2007 2008 2009 2010 system system change 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 earmarked revenues earmarked 2017 2018 2019 2020 redemption 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 12 2029 2030 NRLA: The AlpTransit tunnels Basel St. Gallen Zürich Zimmerberg - Base Tunnel Bern Luzern Arth-Goldau Erstfeld Lötschberg - Frutigen Lausanne Gotthard - Base Tunnel Base Tunnel Brig Biasca Steg Ceneri - Genf Base Tunnel Lugano Chiasso Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 13 Overview Lötschberg base tunnel Frutigen Mitholz Existing conventional Railway lines Lötschberg base tunnel Service tunnel/lateral aditl Unequiped single-track tunnel Ferden Raron Steg Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 14 Lötschberg tunnel system Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 15 Lötschberg base tunnel • Beginning of construction: 2000 • Opening: December 9, 2007 • Trustworthiness of tunnel installations > 99,8% • Costs: 4,3 billion € (+ 0.6 billlion price increase) Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 16 Profile of the Gotthard axis 0 gradient 26 /00 . 0 gradient max. 8 /00 N S Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 17 Gotthard base tunnel Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 18 Gotthard base tunnel: features • Tunnel length: 57.0 km • Two single track tubes • Tunnel profile: EBV IV • Connecting galleries all 300m • Max. speed for passenger trains: 250 km/h • Max. speed for freight trains: 160 km/h • Culmination point: 550 m • Maximum overlay: 2,300 m • Cost of the Gotthard base tunnel: approx. CHF 9,7 bn / € 6,0 bn (1998) Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 19 Gotthard base tunnel Umgehungsstollen Bodio • tunneling in progres Bodio • excavated Faido • interior completed Betriebszentrale Faido Multifunktionsstelle Faido e hr trtrö Zugangsstollen Os e Entlüftungsstollen hr Faido trö es Zugangs- W stollen Schacht II Schacht I Betriebszentrale Sedrun Multifunktionsstelle Sedrun Amsteg Sedrun Kabelstollen Tunnelling completed: Amsteg 30 June 2008: 113,2 km (73,8 %) of 153 km Zugangsstollen Amsteg Erstfeld Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 20 Gotthard base tunnel – scheme of tunnel system Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 21 Sedrun - emergency station Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 22 Sedrun - elevator © AlpTransit Gotthard AG Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 23 Bodio south portal: construction site Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 24 Ceneri Base Tunnel Tunnel length: 15.4 km ÜD S ng Two single track tubes ge u fti tz n tse kü r Portal Tunnel profile: EBV IV Fo Vezia Connecting galleries all 300m Max. speed for passenger trains: 250 km/h Max. speed for freight trains: 160 km/h Opening: 2019 e hr trö Os Fensterstollen Erkundungsstollen Sigirino Zwischenangriff e hr Sigirino trö es W Portal Vigana (Camorino) At the end of 2009, the tunneling in the main tubes will begin out of the intermediate access. Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 25 Geological challenges Deformation of steel arches at the tunnel base in easily deformable rock formations and due to mountain overlay of more than 2000m. Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 26 Gotthard base tunnel – geological section not excavated Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 27 NEAT - additional costs (estimation) final costs: 12,4 bn € (estimation FOT, additional incl. risk share) safety and costs technology progress +4,4 bn € improvements for environment and people politically related delays geology project extensions cost reference base 1998: 8,0 bn € awarding Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 28 NEAT: Development of final costs (price levelEntwicklung 1998, without der mutmasslichen risk share) Endkosten (Preisstand 1998, [KP11]) 11,6 bn € 20 18,4 18,4 18,5 18 16,9 16,3 16,4 16,6 16,7 15,7 15,9 16 14,5 14,8 8,0 bn € 13,9 14,2 14,3 14 13,4 12,8 12,2 12,2 12 10 8 Mrd. sFr. sFr. Mrd. Mrd. Milliarden Franken Franken MilliardenMilliarden 6 4 2 0 Standberichte SB SB SB SB SB SB SB SB SB SB SB SB SB SB SB SB SB SB SB SB I/1999 II/1999 I/2000 II/2000 I/2001 II/2001 I/2002 II/2002 I/2003 II/2003 I/2004 II/2004 I/2005 II/2005 I/2006 II/2006 I/2007 II/2007 I/2008 II/2008 1999 2008 Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 29 Credit situation NEAT In the first years, NEAT was knowingly underfinanced. On 16.9.2008, Parliament authorized the new NEAT global credit. For the first time in its history, NEAT is fully financed ! (12 billion €) Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 30 Gotthard axis: Organisation KommissionenCommissions Parliament NEAT Supervision Kommissionen Delegation Federal Council Financial Control Departement Fed. Office of Transport (FOT) Experts SBB AlpTransit Gotthard Ltd (ATG) (operator) (constructor) contractor contractor contractor = monitoring and audit contractor Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 31 The operator is not the constructor The organizational separation has advantages: 1) cost cutting through contradictory interests constructor --> low investment costs operator --> high investment costs (lower costs for renewal and maintenance) 2) In case of problems, the autority can take a decision. inconveniences: 1) supplementary interfaces 2) risk that project elements are „forgotten“ Important: Strong and „in time“ collaboration between constructor and operator Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 32 Principles of project management Management requires: Objective agreement on project requirements Procedure referential bases Control periodical comparisons between reality and forecasts Instruments modification reports, risk management, reports, controls, etc. Instruments Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 33 Levels of project supervision FOT Constructors Standard - Reporting auditing NEAT Controlling Directive Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 34 Conclusion • Ensured financing = determining factor • Organization model operator < > constructor • Supervision functions require clear repartition of roles • Establishing good control system • Foreseeing costs for adaptation to technological progress Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 35 The Alps - not only an obstacle! Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 36 Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 37 Organisation: Fed. Office of Transport Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 38 Gotthard axis: additional costs final costs: 11,874 bn SFR (estimation ATG) additional costs +4,158 bn SFR safety and technology progress improvements for environment and people politically related delays geology cost reference base 1998: 7,716 bn SFR awarding Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 39 Cost development of Gottard axis 14.000 13.000 probable final costs 12.000 (price rises incl.) 11.000 10.000 9.000 8.000 bn SFR 7.000 awarded 6.000 Millionen Franken Franken Millionen Millionen 5.000 4.000 3.000 2.000 paid 1.000 0 Stand- SB SB SB SB SB SB SB SB SB SB SB SB SB SB SB SB SB berichte II/2000 I/2001 II/2001 I/2002 II/2002 I/2003 II/2003 I/2004 II/2004 I/2005 II/2005 I/2006 II/2006 I/2007 II/2007 I/2008 II/2008 Rechnungen ([KS14]-[KS15]-[KS17]) Vergaben [KS09] mutmassliche Endkosten ([KP08]-[KS15]) Dr.
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