Federal Department of the Environment, Transport, Energy and Communications
Federal Office of Transport
RAILWAY BASE TUNNEL PROJECTS IN SWITZERLAND
Dr. Rudolf Sperlich Swiss Federal Office of Transport Zaragoza, October 31 th 2008 Introduction
• Traffic policy CH • Financing: Public transport fund • Most important project: New Rail Link through the Alps (NRLA) • Supervision • Conclusions
Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 2 The Alps
A barrier for transportation
Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 3 Transalpine Swiss freight traffic: subdivision and modal split
Road
36.1 25.2 12.9 11.5 Rail
6.1
71.6 Mio. Net Tonnes / year Status: 2008
Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 4 Swiss Traffic evolution until 2030
+ 54% 50
40
30
20
10 + 24%
0 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030
Personenverkehr Güterverkehr
Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 5 Elements of the Swiss transport policy
Heavy vehicle Railway reform fee
Shift from Modernization Agreement road to rail of railway Switzerland-EU
Large railway infrastructure projects:
Railway 2000 NRLA (NEAT) FDR (ZEB) Noise abatement High Speed Links Agglo-projects
Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 6 Expenses for infrastructure
5000
4000
3000
Mio. sFr. sFr. Mio. Mio. 2000 Road
1000 Rail
0 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 7 Improvement of the railway network (large-scale projects until 2030)
Public Transport Fund (FinöV) Ordinary Budget 2007-2010 Infrastructure Fund for Agglomeration Projects
Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 8 New Railway link through the Alps: The first voting
Information booklet 1992
Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 9 Vote on public transport funding
High Speed Links Popular vote on financing RAIL of public transport 29.11.1998 2000
NRLA (NEAT) Noise abatement
Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 10 Public transport fund (cross financing) NEAT (Alp Transit) 2/3 of Heavy 12,3 bn. € Vehicle Fee Public RAIL 2000 Transport and FDR Mineral Oil Tax 6 bn € (25% for NRLA) Fund 19,7 bn € High speed Links 0,6 bn € VAT (0,1 %) Noise Advances Abatement (max. 5,4 bn €) 0,8 bn €
Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 11 Public Transport Fund
advance / debt redemption system change
2.5 Mrd
2.0 Mrd
1.5 Mrd
1.0 Mrd
0.5 Mrd
0.0 Mrd 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030
payments earmarked revenues
Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 12 NRLA: The AlpTransit tunnels
Basel St. Gallen Zürich Zimmerberg - Base Tunnel Bern Luzern Arth-Goldau
Erstfeld Lötschberg - Frutigen Lausanne Gotthard - Base Tunnel Base Tunnel Brig Biasca
Steg Ceneri - Genf Base Tunnel Lugano
Chiasso
Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 13 Overview Lötschberg base tunnel
Frutigen
Mitholz
Existing conventional Railway lines Lötschberg base tunnel Service tunnel/lateral aditl Unequiped single-track tunnel
Ferden
Raron Steg
Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 14 Lötschberg tunnel system
Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 15 Lötschberg base tunnel
• Beginning of construction: 2000 • Opening: December 9, 2007 • Trustworthiness of tunnel installations > 99,8% • Costs: 4,3 billion € (+ 0.6 billlion price increase)
Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 16 Profile of the Gotthard axis
0 gradient 26 /00
.
0 gradient max. 8 /00
N S
Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 17 Gotthard base tunnel
Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 18 Gotthard base tunnel: features
• Tunnel length: 57.0 km • Two single track tubes • Tunnel profile: EBV IV • Connecting galleries all 300m
• Max. speed for passenger trains: 250 km/h • Max. speed for freight trains: 160 km/h
• Culmination point: 550 m • Maximum overlay: 2,300 m
• Cost of the Gotthard base tunnel: approx. CHF 9,7 bn / € 6,0 bn (1998)
Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 19 Gotthard base tunnel Umgehungsstollen Bodio
• tunneling in progres Bodio • excavated Faido
• interior completed Betriebszentrale Faido Multifunktionsstelle Faido
e h r trt r ö Zugangsstollen O s e Entlüftungsstollen h r Faido t r ö e s Zugangs- W stollen Schacht II Schacht I
Betriebszentrale Sedrun
Multifunktionsstelle Sedrun
Amsteg Sedrun
Kabelstollen Tunnelling completed: Amsteg 30 June 2008: 113,2 km (73,8 %) of 153 km Zugangsstollen Amsteg Erstfeld Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 20 Gotthard base tunnel – scheme of tunnel system
Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 21 Sedrun - emergency station
Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 22 Sedrun - elevator
© AlpTransit Gotthard AG
Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 23 Bodio south portal: construction site
Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 24 Ceneri Base Tunnel
Tunnel length: 15.4 km Ü D S n g Two single track tubes g e z u f t i e t ü n r t s Portal Tunnel profile: EBV IV k F o Vezia Connecting galleries all 300m Max. speed for passenger trains: 250 km/h Max. speed for freight trains: 160 km/h
Opening: 2019 e h r t r ö O s
Fensterstollen
Erkundungsstollen Sigirino Zwischenangriff e h r Sigirino t r ö e s Portal W Vigana (Camorino) At the end of 2009, the tunneling in the main tubes will begin out of the intermediate access.
Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 25 Geological challenges
Deformation of steel arches at the tunnel base in easily deformable rock formations and due to mountain overlay of more than 2000m.
Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 26 Gotthard base tunnel – geological section
not excavated
Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 27 NEAT - additional costs (estimation) final costs: 12,4 bn € (estimation FOT, additional incl. risk share) safety and costs technology progress +4,4 bn € improvements for environment and people politically related delays
geology
project extensions cost reference base 1998: 8,0 bn € awarding
Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 28 NEAT: Development of final costs
(price levelEntwicklung 1998, without der mutmasslichen risk share) Endkosten (Preisstand 1998, [KP11])
11,6 bn € 20 18,4 18,4 18,5 18 16,9 16,3 16,4 16,6 16,7 15,7 15,9 16 14,5 14,8 8,0 bn € 13,9 14,2 14,3 14 13,4 12,8 12,2 12,2 12
10
8 Mrd. sFr. sFr. Mrd. Mrd. Milliarden Franken Franken MilliardenMilliarden 6
4
2
0 Standberichte SB SB SB SB SB SB SB SB SB SB SB SB SB SB SB SB SB SB SB SB I/1999 II/1999 I/2000 II/2000 I/2001 II/2001 I/2002 II/2002 I/2003 II/2003 I/2004 II/2004 I/2005 II/2005 I/2006 II/2006 I/2007 II/2007 I/2008 II/2008 1999 2008
Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 29 Credit situation NEAT
In the first years, NEAT was knowingly underfinanced.
On 16.9.2008, Parliament authorized the new NEAT global credit.
For the first time in its history, NEAT is fully financed ! (12 billion €)
Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 30 Gotthard axis: Organisation
KommissionenCommissions Parliament NEAT Supervision Kommissionen Delegation Federal Council Financial Control Departement
Fed. Office of Transport (FOT) Experts
SBB AlpTransit Gotthard Ltd (ATG) (operator) (constructor)
contractor contractor contractor = monitoring and audit contractor
Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 31 The operator is not the constructor
The organizational separation has
advantages: 1) cost cutting through contradictory interests constructor --> low investment costs operator --> high investment costs (lower costs for renewal and maintenance) 2) In case of problems, the autority can take a decision.
inconveniences: 1) supplementary interfaces 2) risk that project elements are „forgotten“
Important: Strong and „in time“ collaboration between constructor and operator
Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 32 Principles of project management
Management requires:
Objective agreement on project requirements
Procedure referential bases
Control periodical comparisons between reality and forecasts
Instruments modification reports, risk management, reports, controls, etc.
Instruments
Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 33 Levels of project supervision
FOT Constructors
Standard - Reporting
auditing NEAT Controlling Directive
Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 34 Conclusion
• Ensured financing = determining factor • Organization model operator < > constructor • Supervision functions require clear repartition of roles • Establishing good control system • Foreseeing costs for adaptation to technological progress
Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 35 The Alps - not only an obstacle!
Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 36 Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 37 Organisation: Fed. Office of Transport
Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 38 Gotthard axis: additional costs final costs: 11,874 bn SFR (estimation ATG) additional costs +4,158 bn SFR safety and technology progress
improvements for environment and people
politically related delays
geology cost reference base 1998: 7,716 bn SFR awarding
Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 39 Cost development of Gottard axis
14.000 13.000 probable final costs 12.000 (price rises incl.) 11.000
10.000
9.000
8.000 bn SFR 7.000 awarded 6.000 Millionen Franken Franken Millionen Millionen 5.000
4.000
3.000 2.000 paid 1.000
0 Stand- SB SB SB SB SB SB SB SB SB SB SB SB SB SB SB SB SB berichte II/2000 I/2001 II/2001 I/2002 II/2002 I/2003 II/2003 I/2004 II/2004 I/2005 II/2005 I/2006 II/2006 I/2007 II/2007 I/2008 II/2008
Rechnungen ([KS14]-[KS15]-[KS17]) Vergaben [KS09] mutmassliche Endkosten ([KP08]-[KS15])
Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 40 Time frame 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 1990 1995
RAIL 2000/1
NEAT (AlpTransit)
Noise Abatement
High Speed Links
Future Development of the Railway Infrastructure FDR
FDR II ?
Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 41 Ceneri base tunnel
Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 42 Gotthard base tunnel: bore width
solid rock pressing rock
8.60 – 8.80m 9.20 – 13.08 m
Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 43 Railway traffic across the Alps
Gotthard 14.3 mio net t/y LötschbergAxes de 5.6transit mio net t/y Basel
Zürich Brugg
Bern St. Gotthard Vallorbe Lötschberg
Genève Simplon Luino Domodossola Chiasso
Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 44 Lötschberg axis: travel times
0 1 2 3 .
Bern - Milano 3h 16‘
With LBT 2h 42‘ ( - 38 Min.)
Berne - Sion 2h 23‘
With LBT 1h 45‘ (-34 Min.)
Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 45 Public Transport Fund: estimate of expenses
~ 7 CHF (~ 4.4 €)
InvestitionsvolumenInvestments real
Teuerung,price rises MWST
Zinseninterests ~ 10 CHF 31.4 CHF (~ 6.3 €) (~ 19.7 €)
Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 46 Financing (1)
Infrastructure Regional transport Freight transport
Federal budget Aim: Maintain performance
Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 47 Financing (2)
Lötschberg Gotthard Mattstetten -Rothrist
Public Transport Fund Aim: Improve performance
Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 48 Infrastructure fund: financing
Completion of national Mineral Oil Tax road network (8.5 billion) Suppression of congestion I- nat. road network (5.5 billion) Highway Fonds Agglomeration traffic (6 billion) vignette Substance maintenance in per. regions (0.8 billion) One-time payment 2.6 bil. Fr. Investment volume 20.8 billion (2005)
Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 49 Modifications Lötschberg axis
Mehrkosten Achse Lötschberg: Sicherheit und Stand der Technik (321 Mio.) +1 039 Mio. Fr.
Verbesserungen für Bevölkerung und Umwelt (292 Mio.)
Politisch begründete Verzögerungen (- Mio.)
Geologie (244 Mio.) 3 214 Mio. Fr.
Vergabe und Bauausführung (182 Mio.)
Ursprüngliche Kostenbezugsbasis (3 214 Mio.) Mutmassliche Endkosten: Alle Zahlenangaben in Millionen Franken gerundet; Preisstand 1998 4 253 Mio. Fr.
Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 50 Modifications Gotthard axis
Sup. costs Gotthard axis: Sicherheit und Stand der Technik (1 974 Mio.) +4 158 mio. Fr.
Verbesserungen für Bevölkerung und Umwelt (259 Mio. )
Politisch begründete Verzögerungen (595 Mio.)
Geologie (780 Mio.)
Vergabe und Bauausführung (550 Mio.) 7 716 Mio. Fr.
Ursprüngliche Kostenbezugsbasis (7 716 Mio.)
Probable end costs: 11 874 All cost data are rounded in million francs, prices of 1998 mio. Fr.
Dr. R. Sperlich / Zaragoza 31 th October 2008 51