Manchester’s State of the City Report 2011/2012

Prepared by the Manchester Partnership Issue 6: July 2012 Contents

Foreword 8 2.4.1 Increasing employment and skills...... 18 2.4.2 Education ������������������������������������������������������19 1 Introduction 10 2.4.3 Living longer, healthier lives ���������������������������19 1.1 Context �������������������������������������������������������� 10 2.5 Neighbourhoods of choice �����������������������������19 1.2 The Manchester Partnership ������������������������� 10 2.5.1 Overview �������������������������������������������������������19 1.3 The Manchester Way – Manchester’s 2.5.2 Satisfaction with the local area ����������������������19 Community Strategy 2006–15 �������������������������11 2.5.3 Improving the environment ���������������������������19 1.3.1 Overview �������������������������������������������������������11 2.5.4 Housing ��������������������������������������������������������19 1.3.2 The spines explained �������������������������������������� 12 2.5.5 Making communities safer ����������������������������19 1.4 Performance management of the Community Strategy Delivery Plan ����������������� 12 2.6 Individual and collective self-esteem and mutual respect ���������������������������������������20 1.5 The Greater Manchester City Region ������������� 12 2.6.1 Overview ������������������������������������������������������20 1.5.1 Manchester Independent Economic Review ��� 12 2.6.2 Satisfaction with life �������������������������������������20 1.5.2 Greater Manchester Combined Authority ������� 12 2.6.3 Wellbeing, belonging and 1.5.3 Greater Manchester Strategy ������������������������� 13 community cohesion ������������������������������������20 1.5.4 Greater Manchester Local Enterprise Partnership �������������������������� 13 3 The city – general context 21 1.5.5 The Greater Manchester City Deal ������������������ 13 3.1 Introduction and background ������������������������ 21 1.5.6 Public sector reform ��������������������������������������� 13 3.2 Population ����������������������������������������������������� 21 1.5.7 Community Budgets �������������������������������������� 13 3.3 Diversity and ethnicity ���������������������������������� 24 1.6 Integrated commissioning �����������������������������14 3.4 Migration ����������������������������������������������������� 25 1.7 State of the City Report structure �������������������14 3.5 Index of Multiple Deprivation ����������������������� 26 1.8 State of the City – set of reports ���������������������15 1.9 Joint Strategic Needs Assessment ������������������15 4 Sustainable economic growth 31 4.1 Introduction ������������������������������������������������� 31 2 Executive summary 17 4.2 Gross Value Added ���������������������������������������� 34 2.1 Introduction �������������������������������������������������� 17 4.3 Employment growth ������������������������������������� 35 2.2 Greater Manchester Strategy and City Region ��� 17 4.4 Wages in Manchester ������������������������������������ 39 2.3 Sustainable economic growth ������������������������ 17 4.5 Creative and cultural industries ���������������������40 2.3.1 A larger population ���������������������������������������� 17 4.6 Visitor economy �������������������������������������������� 42 2.3.2 The economy ������������������������������������������������� 17 4.7 Transport ������������������������������������������������������ 43 2.3.3 Gross Value Added �����������������������������������������18 4.7.1 Better transport networks ���������������������������� 43 2.3.4 Employment and business growth �����������������18 4.7.2 Transport delivery in Manchester ������������������ 43 2.3.5 Wages in Manchester ������������������������������������18 4.7.3 Manchester’s priorities for transport ������������� 43 2.3.6 Creativity and culture �������������������������������������18 4.7.4 Progress on transport performance ��������������44 2.3.7 Transport ������������������������������������������������������18 4.7.5 Access to employment ���������������������������������44 2.3.8 Climate change ���������������������������������������������18 4.7.6 Climate change – 2.4 Reaching full potential in education, reducing transport emissions ������������������������ 45 skills and employment �����������������������������������18 4.7.7 Encouraging journeys on foot, by bike and public transport �������������������������� 46 4.7.8 Better transport, stronger communities ��������47 4.7.9 Increasing safety and security ������������������������47

3 Manchester’s State of the City Report 2011/2012

4.8 Environmental Strategy Programme ������������� 49 5.8.1 Male and female life expectancy gap 4.8.1 Overview...... 49 (between Manchester and England) ���������������73 5.8.2 Healthier lives ������������������������������������������������73 4.8.2 CO2 emissions ���������������������������������������������� 49 4.8.3 Manchester: A Certain Future ����������������������� 49 5.8.2.1 AAACM rates male and female – actual forecast and targets ����������������������������73 4.8.4 Work over the past year �������������������������������� 49 5.8.2.2 Cancer mortality ��������������������������������������������74 4.8.5 Environmental Business Pledge ���������������������50 5.8.2.3 Circulatory disease mortality �������������������������74 4.8.6 Eco-Schools ��������������������������������������������������50 5.8.2.4 Mortality from suicide ������������������������������������74 5 Reaching full potential in education, 5.8.2.5 Mortality from accidents ��������������������������������74 skills and employment 51 5.8.2.6 Rate of alcohol-related admissions �����������������74 5.1 Introduction �������������������������������������������������51 5.8.2.7 Alcohol misuse �����������������������������������������������74 5.2 Increasing employment and skills ������������������ 52 5.8.2.8 Drug misuse ������������������������������������������������� 76 5.2.1 Employment ������������������������������������������������ 52 5.8.2.9 Substance misuse and families ���������������������� 76 5.2.2 Worklessness ������������������������������������������������ 53 5.8.3 Domestic violence ����������������������������������������� 76 5.2.2.1 Child and family poverty ������������������������������� 54 5.9 Children’s health and safety ��������������������������� 78 5.2.2.2 Incapacity Benefit/Employment 5.9.1 Infant mortality rate ������������������������������������� 78 and Support Allowance ��������������������������������� 54 5.9.2 Low birth weight ������������������������������������������ 78 5.2.2.3 Lone parents claiming Income Support (LPIS) ��� 56 5.9.3 Under-18 conception rate ������������������������������ 78 5.2.2.4 Jobseeker’s Allowance ����������������������������������� 56 5.9.4 Prevalence of childhood obesity ��������������������80 5.2.3 JSA claimant count rate in Manchester ���������� 56 5.10 Mental health �����������������������������������������������80 5.2.4 Youth claimant count ������������������������������������57 5.2.5 Long-term unemployment ����������������������������57 6 Neighbourhoods of choice 81 5.2.6 Skills ������������������������������������������������������������� 59 6.1 Introduction �������������������������������������������������81 5.2.7 Apprenticeships �������������������������������������������� 62 6.2 Quality physical environment ������������������������ 82 5.3 Education attainment, attendance, 6.2.1 Satisfaction with neighbourhood ����������������� 82 and looked-after children ������������������������������ 64 6.2.3 Household waste ����������������������������������������� 84 5.3.1 Overview ������������������������������������������������������ 64 6.2.4 Biodiversity ��������������������������������������������������� 85 5.3.2 Key Stage 2 results 2011 ���������������������������������� 64 6.2.5 Manchester In Bloom ����������������������������������� 86 5.3.3 Key Stage 4 (GCSE) results 2011 ����������������������� 65 6.2.6 Air quality ����������������������������������������������������� 86 5.3.4 Attendance and persistent absence ��������������� 66 6.2.7 Contaminated land �������������������������������������� 89 5.3.5 Looked-after children ������������������������������������67 6.2.8 Fly-tipping ��������������������������������������������������� 89 5.4 Routes into work for young people – NEET ����70 6.2.9 Street cleanliness ������������������������������������������ 89 5.5 Early Years development �������������������������������70 6.3 Quality and choice of housing ���������������������� 90 5.6 Community Budgets and complex families ����� 71 6.3.1 Housing context ������������������������������������������ 90 5.7 Priorities for children ��������������������������������������73 6.3.1.1 Getting social housing up to standard ���������� 90 5.8 Health �����������������������������������������������������������73 6.3.1.2 Tackling empty homes ��������������������������������� 90 6.3.1.3 Making neighbourhoods work �����������������������91 6.3.1.4 Meeting demand for affordable housing �������� 92 6.3.1.5 Private sector ������������������������������������������������ 93 6.3.1.6 Manchester’s housing market ���������������������� 94

4 Manchester’s State of the City Report 2011/2012

6.4 Making communities safer ���������������������������99 6.4.1 Reduce key crimes ����������������������������������������99 6.4.2 Activity over the past 12 months �����������������100 6.4.2.1 Reduce key crimes ��������������������������������������100 6.4.2.2 Protect vulnerable people ���������������������������100 6.4.2.3 Reduce antisocial behaviour �����������������������100 6.4.2.4 Reduce drug and alcohol-related offending ��� 101 6.4.3 The crime of most concern to local residents ��� 101 6.4.4 Disturbances 2011 �����������������������������������������102 6.4.5 Reducing reoffending – Greater Manchester Probation Trust ������������105 6.4.5.1 Employment and education �������������������������105 6.4.5.2 Community Payback and visible community justice �����������������������������105 6.5 Youth offending �������������������������������������������107 6.5.1 Overview �����������������������������������������������������107 6.5.2 Current statistics on youth offending within Manchester ���������������������������������������107 6.6 Fire and Rescue Service ������������������������������� 110 6.6.1 Overview ����������������������������������������������������� 110 6.6.2 Fire by type ��������������������������������������������������� 111 6.7 Cultural, leisure and recreational facilities ����� 112 6.7.1 Visits and participation ��������������������������������� 112

7 Individual and collective self-esteem and mutual respect 119 7.1 Overview ������������������������������������������������������119 7.2 Supporting vulnerable residents �������������������119 7.2.1 Support for carers ���������������������������������������120 7.2.2 Independent living ���������������������������������������120 7.2.2.1 Social care support ���������������������������������������121 7.2.2.2 Intermediate care/Reablement ��������������������121 7.2.2.3 Admissions to residential and nursing home care ����������������������������������������121 7.2.2.4 Housing-related support ������������������������������121 7.2.2.6 Support into work ��������������������������������������� 122 7.3 Wellbeing, belonging and community cohesion ����������������������������������� 125 7.3.1 Satisfaction with life and happiness ������������� 125 7.3.2 Belonging ���������������������������������������������������� 128 7.3.3 Community cohesion �����������������������������������130 7.3.4 Influencing decision-making and volunteering ������������������������������������������� 131

Glossary 133

5 Manchester’s State of the City Report 2011/2012

List of figures

Figure 1 The Community Strategy spines ��������������������11 Figure 30 Particular matter concentrations at Figure 2 Rate of population growth (%), 2001–10 ������� 21 Piccadilly Gardens, Manchester ������������������� 88 Figure 3 Population forecasts, 2010–32 �������������������� 22 Figure 31 Average earnings to property price �������������� 94 Figure 4 Age profile, 2001 and 2010 ����������������������������23 Figure 32 Number of house sales �������������������������������� 94 Figure 5 Ethnicity ���������������������������������������������������� 24 Figure 33 Empty properties as a percentage of all housing stock �������������������������������������96 Figure 6 Ethnicity and age ���������������������������������������� 24 Figure 34 First-time entrants into the Figure 7 NINo registrations, 2002–11 ������������������������ 25 Youth Justice System, 2007–12 ��������������������107 Figure 8 GVA per head, 1999–2009 ��������������������������� 34 Figure 35 Wellbeing: how satisfied are you Figure 9 Manchester GVA forecast, 2010–30 ������������� 34 with your life? �������������������������������������������� 126 Figure 10 Percentage of employees by industry ���������� 35 Figure 36 Happiness: all things considered, Figure 11 Core Cities median gross weekly wage, 2011 ���� 39 how happy are you? ������������������������������������ 126 Figure 12 Median gross weekly wage Figure 37 Deprivation and satisfaction with life ��������� 126 in Manchester, 2006–11 ������������������������������� 39 Figure 38 Deprivation and happiness ��������������������������127 Figure 13 Employment rates for 16–64s Figure 39 Satisfaction with local area (Manchester and comparators) ������������������� 52 and belonging �������������������������������������������� 128 Figure 14 Number of working-age residents Figure 40 Perception of antisocial behaviour claiming out-of-work benefits* ������������������� 53 and belonging �������������������������������������������� 128 Figure 15 Key out-of-work benefit claimants, Figure 41 Age and belonging ������������������������������������� 129 August 2007 – August 2011 ������������������������� 54 Figure 42 Community cohesion and belonging ����������130 Figure 16 JSA claimant count rate, Figure 43 Deprivation and community cohesion ��������130 March 2000 – March 2012 �������������������������� 56 Figure 17 Youth claimant count rate trends, January 2000 – March 2012 ��������������������������57 Figure 18 Long-term claimant count rate trends, January 2000 – March 2012 ��������������������������57 Figure 19 Level 2 qualification by age 19 ���������������������� 59 Figure 20 Level 3 qualification by age 19 ���������������������� 59 Figure 21 19 to 59/64 population qualified to at least Level 2 or higher ��������������������������60 Figure 22 19 to 59/64 population qualified to at least Level 3 or higher ��������������������������60 Figure 23 19 to 59/64 population qualified to at least Level 4 or higher ���������������������������61 Figure 24 Apprenticeship framework achievements ��� 62 Figure 25 Key Stage 4 results for the percentage of pupils gaining five or more A*–C grades including English and Maths ������������������������ 65 Figure 26 Looked-after children �����������������������������������67 Figure 27 Looked-after children per 10,000 population aged 0 to 17 years ���������������������� 68 Figure 28 Satisfaction with local area by type ������������� 82 Figure 29 Nitrogen dioxide annual mean concentrations at Manchester AURN monitoring sites ������������������������������� 87

6 Manchester’s State of the City Report 2011/2012

List of tables List of maps

Table 1 IMD 2010 indicators by domain...... 27 Map 1 Greater Manchester 2010 Index of Table 2 Tourism contribution to the Multiple Deprivation ����������������������������������� 26 Manchester economy...... 42 Map 2 Change in ranking of areas between 2007 and 2010 ��������������������������������������������� 29 Table 3 Direct CO2 emissions estimates for Manchester...... 49 Map 3 Average terraced property prices Table 4 Employment priorities...... 58 in Manchester, 2011 ������������������������������������� 95 Table 5 Manchester and national trends in Key Stage 2...... 64 Table 6 Manchester’s ranking with statistical neighbours for Key Stage 2...... 64 Table 7 Key Stage 4 results...... 65 Table 8 Attendance rates in Manchester, 2008–11..... 66 Table 9 Persistent absence figures in Manchester, 2008–11*...... 66 Table 10 NEET performance against 2011 targets ...... 70 Table 11 Early Years Foundation Stage profile...... 70 Table 12 Recycling rates...... 84 Table 13 Residual household waste collected per household...... 84 Table 14 Annual achievements for Manchester In Bloom...... 86 3 Table 15 Annual mean NO2 concentrations µg/m ...... 87

Table 16 Annual mean PM10 particulate matter concentrations µg/m3...... 88 Table 17 Serious acquisitive crime, 2007/08–2010/11...... 99 Table 18 Serious violent crime...... 99 Table 19 First-time entrants into the Youth Justice System, 2007–12...... 107 Table 20 Fire by type, 2008–12...... 111 Table 21 Number of visits to Manchester City Council cultural and recreational facilities, 2010–12... 112 Table 22 Number of participants from schools/other educational groups in Manchester City Council cultural and recreational facilities 2010-12 ....112 Table 23 Number of visits to cultural and recreational facilities...... 114

7 4 Sustainable economic growth

4.1 Introduction • The Airport City Enterprise Zone, which links a string of key sites, will become a new hub for global business, Manchester is a city of change. The city was the birthplace and is expected to bring up to 10,000 new jobs to the of the industrial revolution and is an established commercial area over the next decade. centre. In the past, Manchester suffered acutely from the effects of deindustrialisation. Only 15 years ago there was a • The £1.5million Greater Manchester Transport Fund has legacy of falling population, high levels of unemployment, financed the extension of the Metrolink to Chorlton, dereliction and an economic base that was limited in scope. with further extensions to east Manchester, However, in recent years the city has undergone an economic Wythenshawe and the Airport underway. renaissance, with traditional industries and low-value • Corridor Manchester offers exceptional potential for services making way for an economy based on knowledge, growth, with over 20,000 jobs planned over the next expertise and entrepreneurialism. Today, Manchester is a decade. This includes plans to expand the Science Park rival to many of the world’s leading cities. It is home to to support new business incubator activity, and the global businesses and organisations, key national public development of a biomedical centre of excellence at bodies, and some of the biggest names in sport, academia, the former Royal Eye Hospital. The most significant and high and popular culture. of these developments is the proposed establishment Despite the economic challenges of the past few years, of an international Centre for Graphene following the which have impacted to some degree on all aspects of development of this material by scientists at Manchester the local economy, the level of business activity in the city University. Graphene has the potential to revolutionise along with the strength of the private sector suggests that IT infrastructure and other manufacturing applications. Manchester is well placed to benefit from wider economic • The Siemens UK headquarters on Princess Parkway is recovery. A number of groundbreaking developments being expanded, with the creation of an additional reflect the dynamic nature of the city and give cause for 300–400 jobs over the next two years. optimism about the future:

• The City Deal is an agreement with the Government This chapter will look at: that will see key powers and responsibilities devolved • Gross Value Added to the City Region to support growth. Among other things, this will result in improved inward investment, • employment growth housing, transport and infrastructure, the strengthening • wages in Manchester of the Business Growth Hub and the creation of a City Apprenticeship and Skills Hub and a Low Carbon Hub. • creative and cultural industries

• The Etihad Campus is a £127million investment across 32 • transport hectares of east Manchester, creating 250 new jobs, 80 • Environmental Strategy Programme. apprenticeships and a further 155 construction posts in addition to safeguarding 310 existing jobs.

• The SHARP Project builds on developments in broadband and digital infrastructure to establish digital and creative media hubs that are currently used by Sky 1 and Channel 4. MediaCityUK in Salford establishes the Manchester area as the second most significant media centre in Europe.

31 Manchester’s State of the City Report 2011/2012

Case study – Digital Strategy and urban broadband bid

Manchester has a long tradition of being a prime mover The project will also tackle issues of digital exclusion in in the digital world. The world’s first real computer, ‘the so-called ‘white’ areas, where the private sector has been Baby’, was invented in Manchester in 1948, and today the reluctant to invest. Currently, only 74 per cent of residents city has the most dynamic and largest cluster of creative can access broadband, with take-up particularly low in and digital businesses outside London. This sector is communities such as Wythenshawe and East Manchester. growing and will create many future jobs. Sir Richard Leese, leader of Manchester City Council, said: This is why digital is one of our priorities, and the ‘Digital “The Manchester Digital City package will result in high- Manchester Strategy’ aims to set out our ambition to be speed internet access for all our residents and businesses, a world-leading digital city that promotes, connects and promoting social inclusion and stimulating economic supports our growing digital sector, and provides access growth, particularly in the digital and media industries. for everyone to digital services and more engagement We’ve repeatedly stressed the importance of improved through digital and social media. The strategy aims to transport infrastructure for the city’s future, but leading- remove the ‘digital divide’ and ensures that residents, edge digital connectivity is every bit as essential. We aim businesses, our students and tourists all have access to to be one of the world’s top 20 digital cities by 2020 and fast broadband and wireless services in the city. this funding will help propel us along that path.”

The Digital Strategy was boosted in March, when Being one of the world’s foremost digital cities and Manchester City Council was one of only ten cities developing a digital place is an ambitious strategy, but we awarded funds as part of the super-connected cities believe a city must be well connected with high speeds bid. The £12million earmarked will enable all 224,000 and wireless. We need experts in IT with the skills to create homes and 11,000 businesses in the city to be connected new applications, and not just basic IT literacy; we need to ultra-fast broadband by 2015. to be a city of open data and a city of digital enterprise to create jobs – digital is Manchester’s future regeneration. Additional funding will also be available to support small and medium-sized businesses requiring even faster connectivity, including providing support and advice to help them maximise the benefits. High-speed wireless connections will be installed across key public areas and along major transport corridors, making it easier than ever for people in the city to get online quickly.

32 Manchester’s State of the City Report 2011/2012

Case study – City Deal for Greater Manchester

In 2011 the Government launched negotiations with each • Greater Manchester has already created a Business of the Core Cities on bespoke deals to enhance economic Growth Hub to support local businesses with advice growth. The Greater Manchester Combined Authority and resources. The Government will provide (GMCA) and Local Enterprise Partnership (LEP) led the transitional funding to expand this service for three negotiations with the Government on a Deal for Greater years, from which point longer-term funding will be Manchester, which was agreed and announced as part of available through Enterprise Zone revenues. the 2012 budget. • Through the Local Enterprise Partnership, Greater The City Deal delivers powers and responsibilities to Manchester will work in partnership with the Greater Manchester through a series of new powers Government to link mainstream skills funding to and flexibilities, building on the GMCA and LEP as a local economic priorities and needs. Skills pilots will platform for growth and reform. Taken together these also deliver an additional 6,000 apprenticeships for measures have the potential to create a transformative Greater Manchester through small and medium-sized impact and to accelerate economic growth in the city businesses and new incentives for businesses to in the coming years. invest in training.

The City Deal includes the following key measures; • A joint venture will be established between Greater Manchester and UK Green Investments to develop • An innovative Earnback model, through which the a pipeline of investment-ready low-carbon projects. Government has agreed in principle that up to This will complement our Low Carbon Hub that will £1.2billion invested in infrastructure improvements by act as a demonstrator for Government programmes Greater Manchester will be earned back as real and initiatives. economic growth is seen in future years. This follows a tax increment finance model and will generate new • The Government will work with Greater Manchester funds which can be reinvested in future infrastructure. to develop the city’s role as a beacon for inward investment, in particular from China, India and • Endorsement by the Government of the Greater the Middle East. Manchester Investment Framework, which enables the GMCA to bring together a range of different • A package of transport proposals form part of the deal funding streams and prioritise local projects for including devolution of the Northern and potentially investment based on economic impact. In addition, a Transpennine Express franchises along with other Greater Manchester Housing Investment Board will be cities, further work to deliver the Northern Hub, bus established in partnership with the Government and improvement and highways measures, and the the Homes and Communities Agency. devolution of local transport funding.

33 Manchester’s State of the City Report 2011/2012

4.2 Gross Value Added During the past decade, Greater Manchester South’s share of the region’s GVA has risen from 25.4% to 26.5%, Gross Value Added (GVA) is a measure of the value of reflecting the area’s growing importance as the hub goods and services produced by an area, reflecting its of economic activity in the north west. However, while economic performance. In 2009 Manchester’s economy, the GM South economy performs above average when combined with that of the other four Greater Manchester compared to the other Core Cities, the gap with London South districts (Trafford, Stockport, Tameside and Salford), continues to widen. generated an economic output (GVA) of £30.89billion – over a quarter of the region’s output. While this was a The Greater Manchester Forecasting Model (GMFM) is an decrease of 2% on the previous year, due to the impact integrated economic, population and household of the economic recession, this was less than the 2.1% forecasting model focused on the Greater Manchester City decrease experienced in the UK as a whole. Region. It provides a forecast for GVA at local authority district level 20 to 2030. Figure 9 shows the model’s Measured in terms of GVA per head of resident population, predictions for Manchester for the period 2010 to 2030. Greater Manchester South outperforms national and This indicates the city’s GVA rising from £12.6billion in 2010 regional comparators, rising from £15,624 in 1999 to to about £21billion by 2030. £21,709 in 2009 (Figure 8).

Figure 8 GVA per head, 1999–2009

UK Greater Manchester Greater Manchester South Greater Manchester North ,

 , d ea , r h e

A  p  , GV

,

                   Date

Source: O
ce for National Statistics, Crown copyright Headline Gross Value Added GVA† per head by NUTS area at current basic prices

Figure 9 Manchester GVA forecast, 2010–30

,

s  , ce ri

,   p

m at   , A  V

l G , ta To           Date

Source: GMFM  , Copyright Oxford Economics Ltd

34 Manchester’s State of the City Report 2011/2012

4.3 Employment growth Manchester’s economic base is changing and high-skilled jobs are being created in high-growth, knowledge-based Manchester has a particularly strong employment base, industries (KBIs), such as life sciences, creative, cultural with 298,800 people employed in the city in 2010, a and media, specialist manufacturing, communication significant increase in the past decade. The sector and aviation. Generating high added value, these sectors responsible for the largest share of Manchester’s are widely believed to be crucial to future growth and employment growth over the past ten years is the economic development. Furthermore, many of the financial and professional services sector, which now workers who commute into the city are skilled and add accounts for a fifth of total employment in the city a significant value to the economy, with Manchester (Figure 10). The challenge for the city is to build on the having the greatest proportion of ‘professional’ employees success of the past decade in the face of very different and the lowest proportion of ‘process, plant and machine economic conditions and a much more competitive and operative’ employees within Greater Manchester. challenging global market. Manchester’s strength in the financial and professional services sector suggests that it is well placed to benefit from an upturn in the economy, as this sector is expected to be one of the key drivers of the recovery. The city also needs to connect local people with the job opportunities that the city has to offer.

Figure 10 Percentage of employees by industry

 % s ee

oy 

empl %  % of  ge % ta % % % en %  Perc % % % % % t e vices Retail tation eation tainmen t ecr Education and utilitie s and storage and suppor Construction anspor vice activitie s vice activities vice activities Financial and and r Administrativ Tr Manufacturin g communication ser Information and essional ser f ts, enter Ar p ro Accommodation and food ser Public administration Health and social work Other ser

Source: Business Register and Employment Survey,   , O„ce for National Statistics. Crown copyright

35 Manchester’s State of the City Report 2011/2012

Case study – Christmas City Centre Marketing Strategy

Christmas is a key season in the retail calendar to drive Outdoor, TV, radio and press advertising campaigns footfall and economic growth in the city centre. A private were used across the north west, with TV advertising and public sector Christmas marketing campaign guaranteed to reach 75% of the 5.2million people in the combined with an extensive events calendar and one Granada region. The press schedule included adverts of the best Christmas Markets in Europe work in in regional editions of national newspapers as well as partnership to attract new tourism and visitors and the regional titles. All elements of the campaign were encourage repeat visits during this crucial trading supported by PR to drive publicity in local, national and period. This helps to support the 24,000 jobs in retail international media with over £2million worth of positive and associated services and additional jobs created coverage achieved. by the season peak. The Council and its key partners provided a festive Marketing Manchester, Manchester City Council and portfolio of activities and events across the Christmas CityCo worked together with partners to develop a period that differentiated the Manchester city centre multichannel promotional campaign for Christmas 2011, offer and provided a solid platform on which the business which built on the summer ‘I Love MCR’ campaign and and retail sector can build to deliver a positive festive the success of the 2010 Christmas campaign. The campaign experience for residents and visitors alike. The Christmas activity focused on an ‘advent’ calendar of activity, with Markets were central to this alongside the North Pole bar each day offering a different reason to visit and things to in Cathedral Gardens, providing a quirky pop-up festive do in Manchester promoting all the events taking place. venue from the start of November through to Christmas 500,000 calendars were distributed across the north Eve, festive films screened in Exchange Square, an ice rink west. An interactive version of the calendar was supported in Spinningfields, and a Festive Fair in Piccadilly Gardens. by targeted online marketing. The digital elements of Overall, the Christmas strategy supported the Council’s the campaign proved successful, with more than 27,000 priority of economic growth, with the campaign, markets Facebook and 17,000 Twitter followers. The campaign and events combining to attract more people – estimated website achieved over 281,000 visits with the Council’s to be 3.49million visitors – with a higher average spend, website having 399,000 visits. achieving a total gross spend of £74.31million and Outdoor marketing in 2010 proved a key element for delivering a 43% growth compared to 2009. Based on raising awareness. Therefore in 2011, the campaign was these figures and increased shopper satisfaction levels, translated into the physical realm through a giant advent Manchester remains and is growing as a destination of calendar positioned in Piccadilly Gardens and used to choice for shoppers during the Christmas period. promote activity and run competitions with an unveiling each day of December in the run-up to Christmas.

36 Manchester’s State of the City Report 2011/2012

Case study – Ask about jobseeking

In September, Manchester Libraries successfully bid Manchester Libraries devised and operates the service. to be one of eight authorities selected to participate Ask About Business offers access to business information, in the National Information Offer pilot, co-ordinated help and support at over 250 libraries across the north by the Society of Chief Librarians. Manchester’s theme west. This is a unique service, providing access to is Jobseekers and Careers. business information across 14 north west authorities (Blackburn with Darwen, Blackpool, Bolton, Halton, The pilot has established a model for increasing take-up Lancashire, Oldham, Manchester, Rochdale, Salford, of employment and careers websites by providing Sefton, Stockport, Tameside, Trafford and Wigan). effective signposting to relevant sites, supported by trained staff. It offers access to local and national This accessibility makes it an all-inclusive service, resources, with the intention that it will be adopted as acknowledging and enhancing the role of libraries in a best practice by library authorities across the country. larger business support network, while being unique Manchester Libraries’ Information and Digital Services given the opening hours, number of service points and developed an online toolkit to help customers and staff size of customer membership. Manchester residents and find employment and careers information more easily. businesses benefit through improved value for money and efficiency savings. The service also recognises the By offering a simplified route to employment information regional role and work of the Business Information and support it is hoped to increase customers’ opportunities Service, based in City Library. to improve economic wellbeing. The toolkit features: Ask About Business is a strong example of Manchester • Employment and training opportunities, job vacancy leading in a pioneering and innovative partnership. and recruitment sites The outcomes of our participation in the National • Apprenticeships Information Offer will be: • Online guides to CV creation (traditional and digital) • Increased take-up of information through channel • Digital jobseekers map, including locations of shift and user education agencies, linked to Google Maps • Effective signposting to a range of online resources • Signposting to training and courses at local and • Quality information outcomes for customers national level • Improved staff knowledge of a range of official • A simple guide to jobseekers’ personalised start pages, information online eg. Netvibes. • Providing a seamless service The toolkit is live and has been added to the Ask About • Cost-effectiveness and value for money Business website (www.askaboutbusiness.org). It can be used at any Manchester library or from home. • Delivering model of best practice.

37 Manchester’s State of the City Report 2011/2012

Case study – Manchester Creative and Digital Summit

Manchester’s success in creative and digital The two events generated some intense, lively and production, recognised and further driven by the well-informed debate, and the key recommendations two major developments of the SHARP Project in arising from the debate, as outlined in a report by north Manchester and MediaCityUK in neighbouring New Media Partners, were: Salford, is key to the city’s current economic success 1. Appoint a Creative and Digital Champion to lead and offers enormous potential for employment and the development of the sector and engage industry sustainable economic growth. and key stakeholders in order to take forward the In June 2011, Manchester City Council’s Culture Team, strategy process. with support from Arts Council England, commissioned 2. Create an industry-led group made up of key the SHARP Project to deliver a series of events to consider commercial players, working alongside the Creative the following key questions: and Digital Sector Champion and in collaboration • In a much-changed environment with fierce global with the public sector, to drive future initiatives. competition, what needs to happen next to develop Harnessing of the industry’s enthusiasm, momentum the future growth of this important economic sector? and spirit of collaboration through effective public and private partnerships will be vital to stimulate • How can the Greater Manchester City Region a more successful creative and digital sector. distinguish itself from global competitors? 3. Establish a common vision and global message for the • Who will make this happen? digital content and technology sector in the city that reflects the sector’s unique characteristics and clearly The process started with Basecamp, a consultation event articulates its position in the world. involving a group of microbusinesses and small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). It was recognised that Since the summit events took place, Sue Woodward, it was important to start from the ground up, capturing Director of the SHARP Project, has been identified as the thoughts of the businesses that are the backbone of the city’s Creative Digital Champion and chaired a the creative and digital sector in the City Region. dissemination event for the findings of the summit in This was followed up by the Creative and Digital Summit, early 2012. Sue and the SHARP Project team continue a round-table discussion designed to generate a city to work with sector stakeholders and key business action plan, with input from sector intelligence, leading leaders to discuss the outcomes of the events and experts, key influencers, ‘Market Making’ companies, explore how a cross-sector group can take forward the entrepreneurs, participants from Basecamp, and a live opportunities and recommendations of the summit. link-up to Cisco in San Jose via telepresence technology. The summit enabled a debate and validation of the views expressed by Basecamp participants and provided a valuable external perspective on Manchester’s creative and digital sector. It also considered how new technological developments will present an avalanche of untold new opportunities for digital media and technology companies in the very near future.

38 Manchester’s State of the City Report 2011/2012

4.4 Wages in Manchester Figure 12 shows the trend of Manchester wages over the six-year period from 2006 to 2011. This indicates that, Increasing the median wage for Manchester residents is a while the overall trend for both resident and workplace priority for the Manchester Partnership. The Partnership wages is upwards, there is little evidence of the gap recognises the need to address the gap between workplace between workplace and resident wages closing. It should wages (the wages of those who work in the city but may be noted that this data is based on a national survey and live anywhere) and resident wages (those who live in the the size of the Manchester sample means that the results city but may work anywhere). This gap is clearly evident in are subject to a margin of error (confidence intervals) of the most recent 2011 data. Figure 11 shows the median 3.6%. Taking this into account, the city’s median resident gross weekly wage across England’s Core City group for 2011. wage could lie anywhere between £339 and £365 (at a Reflecting the success of the local economy, Manchester 95% confidence level). has the highest average workplace wage of any of the Core Cities. However, it also has the lowest resident wage, resulting in the largest wages gap of any of the Core Cities.

Figure 11 Core Cities median gross weekly wage, 2011

Resident wage Workplace wage   .  . . .

  .   .

 .   . 
.

.

age  .
.  y w  eekl

s w 

ros  n g   Media Manchester Bristol Birmingham Leeds Liverpool Newcastle Sheeld Nottingham Core City

Source: Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings,  , Oce for National Statistics, Crown copyright

Figure 12 Median gross weekly wage in Manchester, 2006–11

 Resident wage Workplace wage    .  . . . . . age   . . . y w .  . .

eekl 

s w  ros  n g 

Media              Year

Source: Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings,  , O€ce for National Statistics, Crown copyright

39 Manchester’s State of the City Report 2011/2012

Case study – summer recruitment in north Manchester

The summer of 2011 saw hundreds of new jobs become training to their corporate values, linking the business available for north Manchester residents as four national with local training providers and local recruitment open businesses significantly increased their investment in days in community venues. the area. Tesco and Marks & Spencer opened brand-new In total, four partnership recruitments took place in stores in the area, Sainsbury’s greatly expanded their north Manchester during the summer of 2011, arranged local retail operations, and Travelodge developed a hotel by North Manchester Regeneration Team, Jobcentre Plus on the site of the former Boddingtons brewery. and the company recruiting. These led to the employment The council’s North Manchester Regeneration Team of 409 new staff, with around half (195) confirmed as (NMRT) led the partnership, recruiting local residents north Manchester residents. A further 100 jobs were also into jobs at Sainsbury’s and Tesco, as well as strongly made available through an open recruitment processes. supporting the process with Marks & Spencer and These partnership recruitment programmes saw 1,375 Travelodge. residents from north Manchester and surrounding NMRT has a longstanding relationship with Jobcentre areas supported through local recruitment open days Plus in working with inward investors and firms recruiting delivered by Tesco, Sainsbury’s and Marks & Spencer local staff, especially major recruitments of over twenty in local community venues. These sessions gave local staff. This partnership approach involves the promotion residents a chance to find out about the opportunities of vacancies through community-based information available, as well as the chance to question staff who sessions, delivering targeted prerecruitment training already worked at these stores. Many of the 1,375 went with key partners and offering application support at on to access further support and training through key local venues such as libraries. partners such as The Manchester College and The Training Brokers. As well as those who later gained NMRT also worked directly with the company recruiting, employment, feedback showed many more received allowing them access to the local labour market through valuable training and support that has been hugely a number of measures, including tailoring prerecruitment beneficial to their continued jobseeking.

4.5 Creative and cultural industries In terms of Gross Value Added (GVA), Manchester’s creative sector shows an average growth rate of 3.5% per annum, Manchester is home to the largest concentration of which is well above the average for the economy as a whole creative and cultural activity outside the south east, and and indicates that the sector will become increasingly the vibrancy of the creative sector is one of the city’s key important to the local economy. economic advantages. Despite the challenging economic climate, Manchester’s creative sector continued to see Creative businesses are also an important driving force growth of 2.7% during 2008–11 and is predicted to continue for the wider economy of Manchester. Clusters of creative to buck wider economic trends, with strong growth businesses in areas such as the Northern Quarter are forecast over the next decade. helping to regenerate the city, bring in additional financial resources, attract new businesses and retain creative The creative and digital media sector currently employs talent. Strategic investment in digital connectivity, the around 63,400 people in Greater Manchester, with the development of Corridor Manchester and new assets such majority of jobs located in Manchester. The city also has as MediaCityUK, the SHARP Project and First Street will more than double the UK average concentration of boost the city’s profile as a modern creative location. employment in the two subsectors of ‘motion picture, video and programmes’ and ‘creative, arts and entertainment’. The strength of Manchester’s grass-roots creative and Between 2012 and 2022, the sector is expected to become digital network and the diversity of the sector are key to its the third fastest growing sector in GM in terms of jobs, success. They help to form a vibrant ecology of university with employment figures expected to grow by 9,100. This labs, emerging companies, DIY hackers, SMEs, freelance equates to 9% of the total employment growth forecast creatives and not-for-profit cultural organisations, as well for GM, almost doubling its current 5% share of GM jobs. as the larger commissioning organisations based here such as the BBC and ITV, enabling creative talent to develop and businesses to grow.

40 Manchester’s State of the City Report 2011/2012

Over the past two years, Manchester’s cultural and creative Manchester’s creative and cultural attractions, which employers – across both the private and public sectors – have include Manchester Museum, Manchester Art Gallery, embraced initiatives such as the Future Jobs Fund and the Museum of Science and Industry (MOSI) and Whitworth Art growing range of creative sector apprenticeships, in order Gallery, as well as high-profile events such as Manchester to provide new entry routes into employment in the sector International Festival, bring further investment into the for local young people. Volunteer training and development city through tourism and related spend. As Britain’s third programmes such as In Touch, led by Manchester Museum most popular tourist destination, Manchester attracted and Imperial War Museum, have offered pre-employment nearly a million visitors from around the world during 2011 training to unemployed residents, helping them to develop (an increase of 15% on the previous year). The new National the skills and confidence they need to gain employment Football Museum, which opened in July 2012, is also set to and become economically active. NOISE Festival’s boost visitor numbers. NOISElab and its collaboration with BBC Radio 5 Live on the Young and Jobless project have also helped young people to find ways of making a living out of their creative talents and overcome barriers to employment.

Case study – Manchester Design Symposium

Manchester is home to a vibrant design sector – particularly Through its strong industry links, the Symposium in graphics and multimedia communications – and the enabled emerging talent to engage directly with creative businesses based here make a significant (and potential employers and strengthen their commercial growing) contribution to the city’s economy. Manchester links. Through inspiring presentations from some Design Symposium was developed in recognition of the dynamic speakers, the event also encourages local design city’s status as a leading creative hub and to raise the talent to remain in Manchester after they graduate, by profile of the industry beyond Manchester. The inaugural demonstrating that the city’s creative industries are a Symposium in March 2011 sold out within three days, and dynamic, viable and realistic path to future employment the second event, which doubled the capacity of the first and success. Equally, the event has shown practitioners from 200 to 400, was held in March 2012. and commissioners from elsewhere in the country that Manchester is an attractive, well-connected location in Manchester Design Symposium has quickly established which to do business, with an ambitious and highly itself as a highly regarded national event bringing skilled graduate design workforce. together design professionals, leading industry thinkers, business people, educators and current design students The Symposium has been driven by a working partnership to engage in a stimulating debate about the role of between Manchester City Council’s Culture Team, Design design within the current local, national and global Initiative, Manchester Metropolitan University, industry economic and political landscape. Speakers have body Independent Northern Creatives and award- presented examples of cutting-edge design practice to winning Manchester design agencies Eskimo, Truth and illustrate how designers can sustain their practice and NoChintz. This collaboration has enabled stronger links develop their businesses, even during a recession, by between the public, education and private sectors in understanding the relevance of design in a commercial the city and provides a platform for the development of setting and in an economic downturn. future projects of benefit to creative enterprises and entrepreneurs in the City Region. The potential for collaborative practice, linking up the design, research and technology sectors, has been a key theme. An additional fringe event was held in the second year by Manchester School of Art to demonstrate the value to private sector industry, working in collaboration with designers and artists to respond to live projects and business challenges. The Symposium attracted a number of companies from outside the design world that were seeking to understand more about the process and the value of good design in their commercial operations.

41 Manchester’s State of the City Report 2011/2012

4.6 Visitor economy Table 2 illustrates the tourism contribution to the Manchester economy in terms of the number of day visits, staying In 2010, the number of visitors to Manchester was visits, and number of bednights generated in Manchester 48.7million, compared to 46.5million in 2009. The number and the amount generated by tourism for the economy. of bednights generated increased to 6.8million in 2010 from 5.8million in 2009, showing an upward trend for the first The strength and profile of Manchester’s visitor economy time since the prerecession figures in 2007. The number of has attracted a number of new hotel developments in staying visitors is 3.4mllion (back up to the 2008 figure) but the city. These include Hotel Melia, a proposed Indigo positively the number of bednights generated is higher for Hotel at Victoria Station, and a proposed four-star hotel in 2010 compared to 2008 due to longer length of stays. This Gateway House and additional Premier Inn located in the combined with the continued year-on-year increase of day Piccadilly area. visitors in Manchester led to tourism contributing £2billion The opening of the relocated National Football Museum to the Manchester economy during 2010. builds on Manchester’s international association with The increase in the number of staying visitors from 2009 to football and further strengthens Manchester’s visitor offer. 2010 is due to a combination of an increase in occupancy rates The National Football Museum brings another attraction (rooms filled) and an increase in bedstock (number of rooms to the developing Medieval Quarter of the city, which and beds available). These were the main factors rather than includes Manchester Cathedral, Chetham’s Music School an increase in room rates charged to the consumer. and Library, and the retail facilities offer at the Triangle within the former Corn and Produce Exchange. The At the same time, the International Passenger Survey (IPS) development will enhance the visitor experience through a – a national-level survey and therefore one of the sources developed brand and improved public realm. used for benchmarking, and of particular importance to Manchester considering the routes and opportunities Manchester city centre is working with Ask Developments through Manchester Airport – showed an increase for to develop a Cultural Quarter in the city – at First Street three of the top five cities for inbound international visits, – scheduled to open in summer 2014. The area will provide including Manchester. Manchester maintained its key third a new collective film and arts venue to merge with position behind London and Edinburgh followed by Cornerhouse film and arts venue and the Library Theatre Birmingham and Glasgow respectively, and increased the Company. The development has already attracted Hotel number of visitors to 811,000 (from 800,000 in 2009). The Melia as mentioned above, and will be complemented by markets of Singapore and China showed considerable new leisure, food and retail outlets as well as an outdoor development, particularly in terms of their outbound performance area. This new visitor destination is due to be leisure markets, and will have contributed to this. ready for summer 2014.

In terms of international business visits measured by Manchester City Council is also working with partners IPS, five out of the top ten inbound business destinations to support the delivery of the Olympic Football 2012 received a decreasing number of visits in 2010 compared and Rugby World Cup 2013 as well as political party to 2009, but Manchester was one that saw an increase conferences; this should further raise the city’s profile of 16% compared to a national increase average of 3%. on a national and international scale.

Table 2 Tourism contribution to the Manchester economy

Number of Number of Number of Tourism day visits staying visits bednights contribution to generated the economy 2010 (2011/12 report) 45.3million 3.4million 6.8million £2.9billion 2009 (2010/11 report) 43.5million 3.0million 5.8million £2.7billion 2008 (2009/10 report) 42.0million 3.4million 6.5million £2.6billion 2007 (2008/09 report) 40.5million 3.7million 7.1million £2.7billion 2006 (2007/08 report) 39.9million 3.3million 6.4million £2.5billion 2005 (2006/07 report) 35.4million 3.3million 6.2million £2.2billion Source: STEAM, Global Tourism Solutions UK

42 Manchester’s State of the City Report 2011/2012

Case study – National Football Museum

The new National Football Museum (NFM) opened its Having attracted £3.8million of European Regional doors on 6 July in the landmark Urbis building. The museum Development Fund (ERDF) funding, Manchester City houses the nationally significant collections from the Council has invested significantly in the future of NFM by now-closed National Football Museum in Preston and reinterpreting the football story as an exciting expression presents them as part of a new world-class attraction. of popular culture and an integral part of our social history. By positioning it in the landmark Urbis building, The Museum shows how and why football has become the Council believes this option will offer both a long- ‘the people’s game’ and a key part of England’s heritage term sustainable future for the NFM and a consolidation and way of life. It also explains why England is the of the significant recent successes of Urbis to create a home of football – the birthplace of the world’s major national and international visitor destination. most popular sport. The football theme, in such a prime location, presents The Museum is for everyone, not just dedicated football a significant opportunity to attract many more visitors fans. It is particularly aimed at those sections of the from outside the region, with the subsequent positive community that do not normally visit museums. It is impact on the local economy. The museum is expected the first point of contact with football for non-fans to attract 379,000 visitors a year, create 65 jobs and and an introduction to wider aspects of football safeguard a further 35. culture and history.

The exhibits include the world’s finest collection of football artefacts, including the FIFA Collection, the FA Collection, the Football League Collection and The People’s Collection. ‘Hero’ items in the collection include the 1966 World Cup Final ball, the replica Jules Rimet Trophy made in secret by the FA in 1966, an England jersey and cap from the first-ever international game, the two match balls from the first World Cup Final, and the oldest surviving FA Cup.

4.7 Transport 4.7.2 Transport delivery in Manchester 4.7.1 Better transport networks Since 1 April 2011, Transport for Greater Manchester (TfGM) has been responsible for delivering the transport policies of A comprehensive and well-functioning transport network the Greater Manchester Combined Authority. This includes is an essential component of the drive to support the the third Greater Manchester Local Transport Plan (LTP3), economic recovery of Manchester. Improvements to the Greater Manchester Transport Fund, the Local transport and travel opportunities contribute to each Sustainable Transport Fund and, more recently, the Better of the three spines and most of our priorities described Bus Area Fund. Manchester City Council is the Highway by the Community Strategy. Authority and has responsibility for managing the city’s The overarching aim remains to develop an integrated road network in addition to working with TfGM to deliver transport network that promotes an economically a number of projects for which they are responsible. competitive, environmentally sustainable, safer, healthier and fully inclusive Manchester. Good transport is also key 4.7.3 Manchester’s priorities for transport to creating stronger, safer neighbourhoods that promote The focus continues to be on investing in transport healthier lifestyles, enhance residents’ quality of life and improvements that support economic recovery, and lower their carbon emissions. High-quality transport links accommodating future growth and demand for travel and transport information are important elements of our in a way that is sustainable. Manchester will continue work to address the big challenges we face, particularly to deliver improvements to the efficiency, reliability and worklessness and social exclusion. capacity of the transport networks to connect labour markets with new jobs created in the regional centre and across the city.

43 Manchester’s State of the City Report 2011/2012

We will also improve access to employment, education and • The average 12-hour weekday pedal-cycle flows on A and health services, focusing on linking areas of need with B roads in Manchester were 211 and 298 respectively. areas of opportunity. These are much higher than the averages for all districts of 107 pedal-cycles for A roads and 100 pedal-cycles Transport investment will be targeted to make it easier for B roads. for people to travel by foot, bike and public transport. This will help to reduce the impact of traffic on the local Traffic growth environment, improve air quality and improve road safety. • 24-hour weekday flows on motorways, A roads and B Manchester Airport is widely recognised as the international roads saw a 3% decrease in Manchester and a decrease gateway for the North of England. With 65 airlines serving of 2% in Greater Manchester as a whole between 2009 more than 190 destinations, it is a major contributor to the and 2010. economic development of the north west. • Since 1993, traffic flows on A and B roads in Manchester The success of Manchester Airport is critical to unlocking have decreased by 15% compared to a 3% decrease in the economic potential of the North of England and closing Greater Manchester and a 2% increase nationally. This the productivity gap with the South. Improving surface access could be due to the completion of the inner ring road to Manchester Airport will enable it to remain competitive, and the M60 during this period; research for the support local communities through providing access to Transport Innovation Fund identified falling traffic employment opportunities, and reduce the airport’s carbon levels within the M60 but a big increase in trips on emissions in line with our environmental commitments. the motorway network.

Maintaining the condition of streets and pavements is Key centre monitoring viewed as a priority by residents. Repairing street lights, • Traffic flows have decreased substantially in the clearing gullies, filling in potholes, making sure footpaths morning and off-peak between 1997 and 2011. The are safe and improving the public realm are all vital car parking strategy and the completion of the Inner activities that the Council will undertake to improve Relief Route have both contributed to the increase liveability and quality of life. in non-car modal share for Manchester.

4.7.4 Progress on transport performance • The number of vehicles crossing the Inner Ring Road cordon into Manchester city centre in 2011 was about The Greater Manchester Local Transport Plan (GMLTP) 25,400 in the morning peak and 13,900 in the off-peak, is a statutory document setting out transport strategy, representing decreases of 23% and 26% respectively policies and implementation for our metropolitan area. from vehicle numbers in 1997. We are able to report good progress against most transport national and GMLTP indicators. • In 2011, the inbound modal share (the split between different modes of transport) was 30% car and 70% 4.7.5 Access to employment non-car in the morning peak and 30% car and 70% non-car in the off-peak. Traffic data is compiled by Transport for Greater Manchester Forecasting and Analytical Services. The latest Rail journeys are up 39% since 2005, with passenger data available is taken from Report GMTU 1657 of October growth and higher levels of reliability. Metrolink journeys 2011. The key findings of this report are as follows: have increased by 8% and eight new trams came into service last year to increase capacity, although track Traffic flows maintenance and the renewal programme impacted on • The busiest motorway section was on the M56 between passenger levels. Walking trips into the regional centre Junctions 3 and 4, where the 24-hour Annual Average have increased by 74%, perhaps reflecting more city centre Weekday Traffic (AAWT) flow reached an estimated living and edge-of-city parking. We are especially pleased 154,000 vehicles. that cycle trips have more than doubled – continued • The busiest non-trunk road (maintained by the local evidence of a growing cycling culture. Long-term cycle authority) was on the A57(M) Mancunian Way between monitoring is undertaken by Automatic Cycle Counters Upper Brook Street and Cambridge Street, where the positioned around Greater Manchester on strategic 24-hour AAWT flow reached an estimated 83,500 vehicles. off-road routes and shared-use routes adjacent to carriageways; several of these are within Manchester’s • The road with the highest 12-hour weekday pedal-cycle boundaries. The counter on the A6 London Road cycle flow was the A34 Oxford Road within Manchester city path near Piccadilly is typical of the trend: in a 24-hour centre, with 1,602 pedal-cycles between 7am and 7pm period on an average weekday it recorded 78 cycles in (an increase of 621 since last reported in September 2010). 2001, rising to 181 in 2010.

44 Manchester’s State of the City Report 2011/2012

Greater Manchester patronage levels for 2010/11 were: Case study – Bus corridors • Bus patronage – 225.3million journeys The Department for Transport has recently approved • Train patronage – 22.7million journeys a project that has the potential to revolutionise travel by bus in Greater Manchester. A total of £54million of • Metrolink patronage – 19.2million journeys funding from DfT and the Greater Manchester Transport • Metroshuttle patronage – 2.6million journeys Fund will be invested in three bus corridors with the aim (up 14% in three years) of creating new travel opportunities between the north and south of the city. These create new routes between Between 2007 and 2010, the Transport for Greater East Didsbury, Middleton and Salford. A Statutory Quality Manchester Multi-Modal Tracking surveys show that Partnership will also be introduced to ensure that only residents’ satisfaction with bus, rail and tram services bus operators who meet the highest standards will be broadly improved. able to use the new infrastructure. Work is now underway on the first of the three corridors and all work is • Overall satisfaction with bus services is fluctuating, scheduled to be completed by 2015. although generally positive. In 2010, 84% of residents were satisfied with buses, compared to 73% in 2007, 82% The three lines connect Ellenbrook in Salford (via the in 2008 and 77% in 2009. East Lancs Road/the Crescent/Chapel Street) and Middleton (via Rochdale Road) to the Manchester • Overall satisfaction with rail services fell slightly from Royal Infirmary; the third line connects Parrs Wood 80% in 2009 to 76% in 2010, compared to 73% in both with Pendleton again (via the city centre). The East 2007 and 2008. Lancs Road section will also connect through to the • Overall satisfaction with Metrolink tram services has Leigh-Salford-Manchester guided busway. In central shown a decrease to 68% in 2010 from 89% in 2009, Manchester a number of new sections of bus lane will compared to 70% in 2007 and 80% in 2008. be introduced to allow buses to travel quickly and reliably through the central area while maintaining Providing attractive and reliable public transport services access to the key city centre employment and retail that encourage more people to switch from private destinations. Through the Higher Education Precinct, vehicles will be key to the success of creating a fairer, Oxford Road, new bus lanes, cycle lanes and larger bus healthier and wealthier Manchester. stops will be introduced to improve the quality of the service on this important bus corridor, and other vehicles will be diverted to use Upper Brook Street and Cambridge Street. Where possible, pedestrian crossing facilities will also be improved along all three corridors.

4.7.6 Climate change – reducing transport emissions Transport has a large and vital role to play in achieving the city’s overall aim of reducing carbon dioxide emissions by 41% by 2020, in order to help tackle harmful manmade climate change. Manchester has taken a lead in this area and now has a range of interventions that together make significant progress towards cutting carbon emissions from transport and travel. We are also working to improve our measurement of emissions from transport in order to cut the absolute amount of carbon emissions from transport significantly over time.

Manchester has adopted strategies at a county-wide, city, and council level that together are delivering a coherent programme of work to tackle climate change (GM Climate Change strategy, Manchester: A Certain Future, Manchester City Council’s climate change action plan).

45 Manchester’s State of the City Report 2011/2012

Data indicates that Manchester’s harmful emissions infrastructure, particularly on trams and trains where are reducing overall, but we need to remain vigilant there are problems with overcrowding during peak hours. with regard to ground-level emission levels for nitrogen Changing travel behaviour also supports efforts to create dioxide, where reductions have not been commensurate stronger neighbourhoods and addresses climate change, with overall reduction. obesity and social exclusion, contributing to the collective Data on carbon emissions show that Manchester has had health and wellbeing of residents. Reversing the a year-on-year reduction in emissions from traffic (LTP9) domination of the car on public space will also improve since 2007. We are currently working on developing our safety and air quality and give physical environments a measurement of these emissions to better understand better sense of place. how we can continue to make progress. A total of 95% of Manchester’s local authority schools Annual nitrogen dioxide emissions show a year-on-year have completed a Travel Plan to encourage sustainable reduction (LTP8b). A key challenge is to ‘decouple’ and healthier journeys to school. The number of children transport emissions from economic activity, so we can cut travelling to primary schools in a car has fallen from 41% carbon emissions even as the economy and population in 2002 to 27% today. grow. This will require reducing the need to travel, along City Car Club – the current operator of Manchester’s Car with cutting use of cars (particularly more polluting Club providing by-the-hour car hire from a number of vehicles), maintaining public transport use, and increasing city centre and district locations – has expanded into travel on foot and by bike. new areas of the city centre and the districts of Hulme, Didsbury and Chorlton, reducing people’s dependency on 4.7.7 Encouraging journeys on foot, private cars; further expansion is pending. In February 2012 by bike and public transport there were 1,568 members making use of the 29 vehicles Manchester: A Certain Future, and the Council’s Climate distributed across the city. Demand is very high in Change Action Plan include an ambitious programme of Manchester and the Car Club is introducing additional transport initiatives. Delivered mostly through the Council’s vehicles on a regular basis where space can be made Travel Change service, activity includes a range of activities available. It is anticipated that membership and usage to directly cut emissions through behaviour change, and will continue to grow over the coming year. supporting others in the city. This includes: travel plans in Other sustainable travel initiatives include www.walkit.com workplaces, communities and schools,car clubs, car an online pedestrian journey planner that encourages sharing, cycle training and promotion, tackling crime and people to walk by calculating each journey’s carbon antisocial behaviour on public transport, working in schools savings, calorie burn, distance and time. The Council to reduce school-run traffic and embed culture change, continues to provide information and training for cyclists. working with TfGM to deliver a future network of electric An improved online cycle journey planner is currently being vehicle charging points, and getting jobseekers into work developed by TfGM to complement the online cycle routes via buses, walking and cycling. The Council is also reducing and paper cycle maps that are available. (Copies of the emissions from its own staff travel and commuting. maps can be viewed and ordered from www.cyclegm.org) The Council has approved an Interim Strategy for Cycling in Manchester (2012/13) which sets out a programme of initiatives to increase the number of people cycling to work, for leisure and participating in sport cycling. This includes improved infrastructure, better maintenance of highways, more cycle training and increasing the number of people participating in leisure events such as Sky Ride. It is the first time that a single strategy has been produced covering all forms of cycling. The overarching aim is to turn Manchester into a “world class cycling city” and to be ranked first in the “Active People Survey” for “all forms of cycling” by 2017. The Council is currently considering introducing a 20mph speed limit in residential areas, which has the potential to improve the safety and attractiveness of walking and cycling.

Sustainable transport initiatives help economic growth in the city centre by linking people to jobs, without generating more traffic or adding to pressures on the existing transport

46 Manchester’s State of the City Report 2011/2012

Case study – Wythenshawe The way highway services are delivered has been transformed. By managing inspections, maintenance and employment access enforcement at a neighbourhood level, we can provide a The Council is working with local partners, including more responsive service and ensure that communities the housing associations and Jobcentre Plus, to help have a greater influence over highway priorities. residents access employment by travelling by bus, We are committed to delivering 20mph zones across all walking or cycling. Anchor funding is provided by residential areas within the city. This will significantly reduce Willow Park and Parkway Green housing trusts. the number and severity of road traffic accidents in the city The service currently includes: and benefit the health and wellbeing of all Mancunians.

• The provision of bus tickets for residents 4.7.9 Increasing safety and security accessing employment The Casualty Reduction Programme has helped improve • Training for Jobcentre Plus staff so they can advise the safety of Manchester’s neighbourhoods by reducing their clients on transport-to-work issues traffic collisions. The Council has implemented targeted • Working with training providers so they can offer traffic-calming schemes, 20mph zones and safer routes to appropriate advice to work programme clients school to reduce child casualties and encourage children to get more active by walking or cycling to school. The • Recycling unwanted bicycles so they can be given Council is working in partnership with other public agencies, to jobseekers wanting to cycle to work. including Greater Manchester Police, Transport for Greater Manchester, primary care trusts and neighbourhood-based Over the past 12 months, more than 900 local residents teams to continue the positive trend in casualty reduction. have benefited from the service and 224 people have secured employment. This saved over £800,000 through There were 1,386 road traffic collisions (RTCs) in Manchester reductions in JSA payments alone; in addition to this, an during 2011. Of those injured, 174 were either killed or seriously additional £1million is likely to have been gained through injured (KSI). The KSI figure provides an important measure tax and National Insurance contributions. All those for determining the progress made in making our roads who gained employment through the scheme stated and communities safer. The rolling three-year average that there had been an improvement in their general continues to show a reduction on previous years with the health and wellbeing, and 73% stated they would not 2010 average of 176 KSI, which covers the period 2009-11, have been able to attend an interview had it not been showing a continued reduction on the previous year’s for this scheme. average by 2.8%.

This successful model is being expanded to the central In May 2011, the Government published a document entitled area of Manchester. Strategic Framework for Road Safety. This document sets out the strategic framework for road safety and the package of policies the Government believes will continue to reduce deaths and injuries on Britain’s roads. These are split 4.7.8 Better transport, between measures that it intends to take nationally and stronger communities areas where the policy and delivery will reflect local priorities, circumstances and economic assessment. While the Transport improvements such as Cross City Bus and Government wants decisions to be made locally wherever the Second City Crossing will improve and strengthen possible, it still has a crucial role providing leadership on transport links with our communities. Ongoing works road safety, such as delivering better driving standards, to improve Metrolink will improve connectivity and add testing, enforcement, education and managing vitality to district centres. infrastructure. Funding for 2012/13 will be targeted towards the In this document, the Government published post-2010 maintenance of the highway network. To improve the casualty forecasts for the number of fatal and serious quality of the overall highway network, planned and casualties on Britain’s roads in 2020 and 2030. Manchester routine maintenance budgets will continue to be spent has performed well against the projected reductions both on those roads and footways in the worst condition. in terms of casualty numbers and percentage reduction In 2010/11, the Council invested approximately £8million compared with the 2005–09 average, which will be used in planned resurfacing schemes, with a further £5million as the baseline. In 2011 there were 174 KSI casualties, which being spent on routine maintenance. is a 21% reduction on the 2005–09 average and places Manchester ahead of the Vision 2020 projection.

47 Manchester’s State of the City Report 2011/2012

Partnerships between the Council, the police and transport Increasing city centre cycle parking through the operators are also delivering innovative projects to address Local Sustainable Transport Fund (LSTF) and the crime on public transport. These include raising awareness Association of Train Operating Companies (ATOC)- in schools of the impact of antisocial behaviour, and officers led rail station programme boarding transport services to carry out ticket spot checks. Monitoring the impact of the Victoria Street closure The Council has established a Quality Partnership Scheme and work with bus operators to reroute some with Stagecoach, Transport for Greater Manchester and services to Gore Street (via Deansgate) Stockport MBC along the A6 corridor from Manchester to Hazel Grove. This important project seeks improvements Delivering improved access to buses and a better in terms of journey time reliability delivered through waiting environment at Stevenson Square through co-ordinated network management and enforcement the Better Bus Fund. strategies, together with commitments from the relevant bus operator to deliver a high-quality service including 3. Continuing to invest in the highway network through improved vehicle standards with CCTV security. the planned maintenance programme.

4. Working with Transport for Greater Manchester and bus Priorities for transport 2012/13 operators to secure continuing improvements in the 1. Ongoing delivery of the schemes funded through the quality, punctuality and reliability of local bus services. Greater Manchester Transport Fund and the Deal for Cities ‘Earnback’ model, including: 5. Working with Transport for Greater Manchester to deliver schemes in Manchester for the Greater Metrolink Phase 3b (Chorlton to Didsbury, Droylsden Manchester Commuter Cycling Project (funded to Ashton, Rochdale and Oldham town centres and through the Local Sustainable Transport Fund), a Second City Crossing) including cycle hubs at Piccadilly Gardens, Highways improvements to enable cross-city bus Spinningfields and Arndale Manchester. routes between East Didsbury, Manchester, 6. Securing funding for the Greater Manchester LSTF Middleton and Salford Major Project bid and working with TfGM to implement Bus priority measures in the city centre and along schemes in Manchester (including improved access to the Oxford Road Corridor, as well as improvements the city centre by bike and implementing ‘Workwise’ for pedestrians and cyclists across the city).

South East Manchester Multi-Modal Scheme 7. Identifying a funding stream to deliver the city-wide (SEMMMS) Link Road – A6 (Hazel Grove) to 20mph speed limit for residential streets. Manchester Airport 8. Reviewing the Manchester Local Transport Plan (LTP) Development of a link between Pomona and Local Area Implementation Plan to ensure that it is Trafford Park. fully up to date.

9. Reviewing the Transport Strategy for Manchester city 2. Delivery of the Transport Strategy for Manchester City centre to ensure that the action plan is up to date. Centre, which sets out our investment priorities and proposals required for the city centre to accommodate 10. Developing an evidence base to help inform thinking growth and physical transformation without about how to better manage traffic on key transport compromising our environmental commitments. corridors across the city. Priorities for 2012/13 include:

Developing a communications plan and a programme management framework to ensure that cross-city buses, the Second City Crossing and the Ordsall Chord can be delivered while minimising disruption in the city centre

Consulting on the Metrolink Second City Crossing and ensuring that the Transport and Works Act (TWA) submission deadline is met

Securing traffic regulation orders for the Cross-City Bus Corridors in the city centre and Oxford Road

48 Manchester’s State of the City Report 2011/2012

4.8 Environmental Strategy 4.8.3 Manchester: A Certain Future Programme Manchester: A Certain Future (M:ACF – www.manchester climate.com), our stakeholder climate change plan, has 4.8.1 Overview two key objectives: 41% carbon reduction by 2020, relative The Council’s Environmental Strategy Programme aims to 2005 levels, and low-carbon thinking embedded in our to develop Manchester’s long-term future as a sustainable operations and lifestyles. The primary goals of the action low-carbon city. It includes promotion of environmental plan are to reduce our carbon emissions drastically over the issues, and understanding challenges and opportunities coming decade, promote and develop green infrastructure, (particularly climate change). The programme includes promote business practice that is both green and frameworks and guidance, as well as support for the profitable, and engage with the public. We all have a part Council, organisations and residents across the city to to play in the plan’s delivery, from the Council and big take action to improve Manchester’s environment. business through to residents and community groups.

Climate change presents one of the biggest global Launched in November 2009, the plan’s delivery is overseen challenges of our time, but the solutions are local, and by an independent steering group from the public, private many of them need organisations and households to work and third sectors. March 2012 saw the second M:ACF together over quite long periods of time. Cities are key conference, bringing people from a wide range of – more than half the world’s population live in cities and backgrounds together to work on climate change. this is increasing quickly. The aim of the service is to create plans and opportunities for Manchester to be among the 4.8.4 Work over the past year best, so that our future citizens can enjoy the prosperity of a city that is a world leader in the low-carbon economy. In order to achieve the vision set out in M:ACF, the Council developed a delivery plan for the next ten years, which Our role is to create the right environment for developing includes both inward and externally facing actions to help ways of reducing emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), living achieve the 41% carbon reduction and culture change greener, more sustainable lifestyles, creating a new targets by 2020. To support this, Directorate-level and ‘low-carbon economy’ that is climate-adapted and less Service-level plans have also been developed across the dependent on oil, gas and coal, and improving the quality Council, to help embed low-carbon thinking in service of our environment, biodiversity and natural resources. delivery. The third annual Carbon Reduction Plan will be completed in the summer of 2012. 4.8.2 CO emissions 2 Over the past year, the Environmental Strategy Team has Following production of a city-wide Climate Change Plan been planning projects to address the actions and visions (more details below), and a delivery plan for the Council, within M:ACF and engaging organisations with the plan, Manchester has led work with all its GM partners to to endorse it and commit to producing their own carbon develop a co-ordinated Greater Manchester climate reduction plans. Work has progressed on retrofitting change strategy and a common approach to measuring proposals and on energy planning within the city, and the and reporting CO2 emissions, aiming for a 48% CO2 Executive has given approval to support the visions for a reduction by 2020 on 1990 levels across the region City Centre District Heat Network. A heat network consists (the figures presented relate to Manchester only). of hot water pipes being laid under the street for the provision of hot water for those buildings connected. This approach to heating saves both money for the customers and carbon, since it is more efficient than traditional solutions where each building has its own boiler.

Table 3 Direct CO2 emissions estimates for Manchester

Data for year 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

CO2/capita ACTUAL 7.3 7.4 6.9 6.8 6.0 % reduction on previous year – –1.36% 6.76% 1.45% 11.76% Source: DECC – www.decc.gov.uk/en/content/cms/statistics/climate_stats/climate_stats.aspx

Note: all CO2 measures are subject to some revision

49 Manchester’s State of the City Report 2011/2012

Some other successes are listed below: There are currently 1,800 members who have a close working relationship with both Groundwork and Council • Domestic Retrofit – A Greater Manchester Low Carbon officers. It is this relationship that has proved to be Housing Retrofit Strategy is being finalised that sets invaluable in generating and capturing economic data, as out GM’s ambition to deliver a 48% reduction in carbon well as making carbon savings emissions from the housing sector by 2020, seven years across the business sector. ahead of the national target. The final version was launched in April 2012. A Solar PV programme is still Achievements in 2010/11 include: being explored in the wake of a major review of Feed • Registering 49 new members (business with 99 locations) in Tariffs. The Feed in Tariff is a Government financial incentive to encourage the installation of renewable • Cost savings of £384,591 energy technologies such as solar panels and wind • Safeguarding 35 jobs turbines. As well as benefiting from the energy

generated, the owner of the scheme also receives • Saving 2,070 tonnes of CO2. an extra payment from the Government for every unit of low-carbon electricity produced. 4.8.6 Eco-Schools • The Greater Manchester-wide Toasty campaign has The Eco-Schools programme is an international award been running since January 2011, installing free loft and programme that guides schools on their sustainable journey, cavity insulation measures for Manchester households providing a framework to help embed its principles into to reduce their energy bills and carbon emissions. In the heart of school life. Manchester 1,267 installations have been carried out In Manchester, Eco-Schools has been used as the main tool this financial year, either under the former Warm Homes to engage and encourage teachers in environmental education scheme or the new Toasty scheme. projects through promoting the environment as high • The Manchester Carbon Literacy Project follows a priority within a school’s ethos and management plan. commitment made in Manchester: A Certain Future Currently, 141 (over 82%) of Manchester schools are registered to provide access to one day’s worth of ‘carbon literacy’ with the Eco-Schools programme, well over the average in training for everyone who lives, works or studies in the England, and many have achieved awards at bronze and city. The project is being progressed by Cooler Projects silver level, with five more schools achieving the prestigious and is being funded by the Council. Green Flag Award in 2011/12, bringing the total number of • Cycling is being increased through adult and child Green Flag schools to 14. Green Flag schools are reassessed cycle training, and three city centre cycle centres every two years and of those 14 schools, three have already are being implemented following a successful bid been awarded their second Green Flag Award and another to the Government led by Transport for Greater two have been awarded their third. From January 2011 energy Manchester (TfGM). A further bid has been developed is a compulsory theme for Eco-Schools that want to be (led by TfGM) for the Local Sustainable Transport Fund given the Green Flag Award, and Manchester City Council, which, if successful, will bring better personalised through its Sustainable Schools Working Group, is keen to journey planning, transport services for jobseekers, support schools to lower their energy use and encourage demand-responsive transport (eg. ring and ride), learning through their curriculum. and cycle promotion. In addition, over 65% of Manchester’s children’s centres are now registered on the programme, with two children’s 4.8.5 Environmental Business Pledge centres reaching the Green Flag Award, ensuring that green The Environmental Business Pledge (EBP) is a unique issues are being introduced to our very youngest citizens. initiative developed initially solely for Manchester businesses in 2004, with two other Greater Manchester authorities participating this year. This is delivered in partnership with Groundwork, a national environmental charity, and other local authorities to meet the needs of local businesses. The initiative is a delivery mechanism of M:ACF, written by the residents of the city. The initiative enables businesses to make a commitment to improve their local environment and work towards improving their environmental performance. The Pledge rewards and recognises those companies doing their bit to improve the city’s environment, supporting them through their EBP journey.

50 Manchester’s State of the City Report 2011/2012

Date: July 2012 Contact: Manchester Partnership Manchester M60 2LA

Email: [email protected] Web: www.manchesterpartnership.org.uk

Acknowledgements: This report was prepared by the Manchester Partnership in conjunction with Manchester City Council

Photography by Mike Pilkington 136 73049 – Manchester City Council 2012