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ETOP Update, January 2020

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ETOP Update, January 2020 ETOP BULLETIN I – 2020 USAID/OFDA ISSUED FEBRUARY 5, 2020 Emergency Transboundary Outbreak Pests (ETOPs) Situation for January with a forecast through mid-March 2020 résumé en français est inclus SUMMARY The Desert Locust (Schistoseca gregaria - SGR1): During January, SGR situation remained extremely serious in the central outbreak region (COR) where massive swarms formed and continued spreading throughout the Horn of Africa. Aerial and ground control operations are in progress in Ethiopia and Kenya and ground control were launched in northern Somalia. Swarms were reported in a few places in Djibouti. Survey and control operations were maintained in Eritrea, Sudan, Saudi Arabia, Oman and Yemen. In the eastern outbreak region (EOR), control operations were conducted in India and Pakistan and southern coast of Iran where breeding has commenced during January. The western outbreak region (WOR) remained relatively calm during this month. http://www.fao.org/ag/locusts/en/info/info/index.html Forecast: Breeding will continue increasing locust numbers in the Horn; swarms could reach Uganda and South Sudan. Breeding will also continue along both sides of the Red Sea coasts in Sudan, Eritrea, Oman, Saudi Arabia and Yemen and increase locust numbers. Locust activities will increase with hatching occurring in southeastern Iran and breeding commencing in southwestern Pakistan and small- scale breeding is likely in the western outbreak region during the forecast period. Active surveillance, monitoring and rapid and massive interventions remain critical to reduce the burden of the locust invasions on food security and livelihoods of rural communities. Red (Nomadic) Locust (Nomadacris septemfasciata) (NSE): NSE continued breeding in the primary outbreak areas during January. Favorable conditions are likely to increase locust populations in Tanzania, Malawi, Mozambique and Zambia during the forecast period. Tree Locusts, Anacridium spp. (ASP): ASP likely persisted in Turkan and Marsabit countries in Kenya affecting acacia trees. Central American Locust, Schistocerca piceiferons (CAL): No update was received at the time this bulletin was compiled. South American Locust, Schistocerca cancellata (SCA): No update was received during this month. 1 Definitions of all acronyms can be found at the end of the report. ETOP BULLETIN FOR JANUARY 2020 USAID/OFDA/PSPM - AELGA Page 1 ETOP BULLETIN I – 2020 USAID/OFDA ISSUED FEBRUARY 5, 2020 Italian (CIT), Moroccan (DMA), and Asian Migratory Locusts (LMI): Locust activities will remain calm until spring. Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) (FAW): FAW was reported affecting maize crop in Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe. It is likely that the pest is affecting crops elsewhere. African Armyworm (AAW) (Spodoptera exempta): AAW outbreaks were reported in Malawi, Zimbabwe and Zambia attacking maize crop during January. Quelea spp. (QSP): No QSP bird outbreaks were reported during this month. Active surveillance, monitoring and timely preventive and curative interventions as well as sharing ETOP information remain critical to abate the threats ETOPs pose to food security and livelihoods of vulnerable communities. USAID/OFDA/PSPM regularly monitors ETOPs in close collaboration with its network of national PPDs/DPVs, regional and international pest monitoring and/or control entities, including FAO, CLCPRO, CRC, DLCO-EA, and IRLCO-CSA, and research centers, academia, private sector, NGOs and others and issues concise, analytical bulletins to stakeholders. End summary RÉSUMÉ La situation du Criquet pèlerin (Schistoseca gregaria - SGR): Le Criquet pèlerin (Schistoseca gregaria - SGR): En janvier, la situation des SGR a continué d'être extrêmement grave dans la région centrale de l'épidémie (COR) où des essaims massifs ont été détectés à plusieurs endroits dans la Corne de l'Afrique où des opérations de lutte aérienne et terrestre se sont poursuivies en Éthiopie et Le Kenya et un contrôle au sol limité ont été lancés dans le nord de la Somalie. Des essaims ont également été signalés à quelques endroits de Djibouti. Les opérations de prospection et de contrôle se sont poursuivies en Érythrée, au Soudan, en Arabie saoudite, à Oman et au Yémen dans une certaine mesure au cours de ce mois. Dans la région de l'épidémie orientale (EOR), des opérations de lutte ont été menées en Inde, au Pakistan et sur la côte sud de l'Iran, où la reproduction a commencé en janvier. La région ouest de l'épidémie (WOR) est restée relativement calme pendant ce mois. Prévisions: La reproduction continuera d'augmenter les effectifs acridiens dans la Corne; des essaims pourraient atteindre l'Ouganda et le Soudan du Sud. La reproduction se poursuivra également le long des deux côtés des côtes de la mer Rouge au Soudan, en Érythrée, à Oman, en Arabie saoudite et au Yémen et augmentera les effectifs acridiens. Le sud-est de l'Iran et le sud-ouest du Pakistan ETOP BULLETIN FOR JANUARY 2020 USAID/OFDA/PSPM - AELGA Page 2 ETOP BULLETIN I – 2020 USAID/OFDA ISSUED FEBRUARY 5, 2020 connaîtront une augmentation des activités acridiennes, des éclosions se produisant dans le sud-est de l'Iran et une reproduction commençant dans le sud- ouest du Pakistan au cours de la période de prévision. Une reproduction à petite échelle est probable dans la région ouest de l'épidémie au cours de la période de prévision. Une surveillance active, un suivi et des interventions rapides et massives restent essentiels pour réduire la charge des invasions acridiennes sur la sécurité alimentaire et les moyens de subsistance des communautés rurales et au- delà. Criquet nomade (Nomadacris septemfasciata) (NSE): NSE a poursuivi sa reproduction dans les principales zones du foyer en janvier. Des conditions favorables devraient augmenter les populations acridiennes en Tanzanie, au Malawi, au Mozambique et en Zambie au cours de la période de prévision. Le criquet arborial, Anacridium spp: ASP a probablement persisté dans les comtés de Turkana et Marsabit au Kenya, affectant les acacias. Criquet Amérique centrale, Schistocerca piceifrons piceiferons (CAL): Aucune mise à jour n'a été reçue à la date de rédaction du présent bulletin. Criquet d'Amérique du Sud, Schistocerca cancellata (SCA): Aucune mise à jour n'a été reçue au cours de ce mois. Criquets italiens (CIT), marocains (DMA), Asian Migratory Locust (LMI): les activités acridiennes étaient terminées à CAC et la région restera calme jusqu'au printemps prochain. Chenille Légionnaire d'automne (Spodoptera frugiperda) (FAW): La FAW a été signalée affectant la récolte de maïs au Malawi, au Mozambique, en Tanzanie, en Zambie et au Zimbabwe. Il est probable que le ravageur affecte les cultures ailleurs. Chenille Légionnaire africaine (AAW), Spodoptera exempta: Des flambées de AAW ont été signalées au Malawi, au Zimbabwe et en Zambie, attaquant la récolte de maïs en Janvier. Quelea spp. oiseaux (QSP): Aucune éclosion d'oiseaux QSP n'a été signalée au cours de ce mois. La surveillance active, le suivi et les interventions préventives et curatives opportunes ainsi que le partage des informations ETOP restent essentiels pour réduire les menaces que les ETOP font peser sur la sécurité alimentaire et les moyens de subsistance des communautés vulnérables. USAID / OFDA / PSPM surveille régulièrement les ETOP en étroite collaboration avec son réseau de PPD / DPV nationaux, d'entités régionales et internationales de surveillance ETOP BULLETIN FOR JANUARY 2020 USAID/OFDA/PSPM - AELGA Page 3 ETOP BULLETIN I – 2020 USAID/OFDA ISSUED FEBRUARY 5, 2020 et / ou de lutte antiparasitaire, y compris la FAO, la CLCPRO, le CRC, le DLCO-EA et l'IRLCO-CSA, et des centres de recherche, universités, secteur privé, ONG et autres et publie des bulletins analytiques concis à l’intention des parties prenantes. Fin de résumé Mozambique causing ecological Note: All ETOP Bulletins and SITREPs, conditions favorable for successful including previous ones can be accessed breeding (IRLCO-CSA, NOAA). and downloaded on USAID Pest and Pesticide Monitoring website: USAID Pest and CAC Region: Cold and dry weather is Pesticide Monitoring expected to have prevailed in CAC during this month. Weather and Ecological Conditions Note: Changes in the weather pattern In COR, ecological conditions remained such as increased or decreased favorable in northeastern Somalia, temperature and precipitation can eastern and southwestern Ethiopia as contribute to ecological shift in ETOP well as northern and central Kenya where habitats and could increase or decrease locust swarms were reported. During the the risk of pest outbreaks, resurgence past 30 days, rainfall was above-average and emergence of new pests. For in local areas in southwestern Ethiopia, example, in Uzbekistan, Moroccan locust Uganda, Kenya, and Tanzania. Favorable (DMA) which is normally a low to medium conditions persisted along the Red Sea altitude pest has shown a considerable coasts and on the coastal areas in Yemen vertical habitat expansion by up to 1,000 and Oman during this month (FAO-DLIS, feet or 300 meters from its regular NOAA 2/2020). ambient altitude due to warmer higher elevations. In EOR, unusually heavy rains were reported on the southern coast The Asian migratory locust, an insect of Iran very in the season and will create that normally has one generation per favorable conditions for more than one year, has begun breeding twice per year. generation during spring and could cause This phenomenon is largely attributed to considerable increase in locust numbers. change in weather pattern
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